CN113481600A - Second-order nonlinear optical crystal material of cerium iodate and phosphate, preparation method thereof and application thereof in laser frequency conversion - Google Patents

Second-order nonlinear optical crystal material of cerium iodate and phosphate, preparation method thereof and application thereof in laser frequency conversion Download PDF

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CN113481600A
CN113481600A CN202110631456.8A CN202110631456A CN113481600A CN 113481600 A CN113481600 A CN 113481600A CN 202110631456 A CN202110631456 A CN 202110631456A CN 113481600 A CN113481600 A CN 113481600A
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张弛
林霖
吴超
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Tongji University
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    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract

The invention relates to a iodic acid cerium phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in laser frequency conversion3)2(H2PO4)2Molecular weight of 683.89, belonging to the orthorhombic system, and having a space group of Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure DDA0003103709230000011
Figure DDA0003103709230000012
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume
Figure DDA0003103709230000013
The iodic acid and cerium phosphate crystal material has excellent optical performance, and under 1064nm laser irradiation, the powder frequency doubling intensity is about 4 times that of a monopotassium phosphate crystal, so that phase matching can be realized. In addition, the crystal material has a wide transmission range in a visible light-infrared light region (0.4-8 mu m), and has wide application prospects in the fields of laser frequency conversion, photoelectric modulation, laser signal holographic storage and the like.

Description

Second-order nonlinear optical crystal material of cerium iodate and phosphate, preparation method thereof and application thereof in laser frequency conversion
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical crystal materials, and relates to a iodic acid and cerium phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, and preparation and application thereof in laser frequency conversion.
Background
The second-order nonlinear optical crystal is a photoelectric functional material widely applied to the laser field, and has important application values in the aspects of laser frequency conversion, photoelectric modulation, laser signal holographic storage, laser communication and the like. The second-order nonlinear optical material which is practically used at present is beta-barium metaborate (beta-BaB)2O4) Lithium borate (LiB)3O5) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH)2PO4) Potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO)4) Lithium niobate (LiNbO)3) Barium titanate (BaTiO)3) Silver gallium sulfur (AgGaS)2) Zinc germanium phosphorus (ZnGeP)2) And the nonlinear optical material applied to the infrared band has defects in properties, so that the elbow is usually applied in practical application. The 3-5 mu m and 8-12 mu m wave bands of the infrared region are taken as atmosphere transmission windows, and the intermediate infrared nonlinear optical material suitable for the wave bands has wide application prospects in the civil fields of laser guidance, infrared remote sensing, medical diagnosis and treatment, laser communication, industrial control and the like; meanwhile, recently, the application demand of the laser in the band in the technical fields of military affairs, such as target tracking and positioning, infrared countermeasure, and the like, is rapidly increased. With the wide application of infrared laser technology and the rapid development of nonlinear optical devices, the current requirements for the physical and chemical properties of infrared nonlinear optical materials are higher and higher, and the current commercialized infrared nonlinear optical crystal materials cannot meet the requirements of practical application. Therefore, the research on novel nonlinear optical crystal materials applicable to the middle infrared is an important direction in the field of current inorganic optical functional materials.
Phosphate as a second-order nonlinear optical crystal has the characteristics of wide band gap, high stability and the like, but has the defect of weak frequency doubling effect. At present, no report on iodic acid phosphate as an infrared nonlinear optical crystal material is found in the literature. The invention is also based on this.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cerium iodate-phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in laser frequency conversion so as to obtain a crystal material with both large band gap and strong nonlinear optical performance, and the crystal material has extremely high laser damage threshold and wide infrared transmission range.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention provides a iodic acid and cerium phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, the chemical formula of which is Ce (IO)3)2(H2PO4)2
Further, the crystal material belongs to the orthorhombic system, and the space group is Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure BDA0003103709210000022
Figure BDA0003103709210000021
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume
Figure BDA0003103709210000023
The crystal structure of the cerium iodate phosphate of the invention is as follows: each Ce4+Ions are coordinated to eight oxygen atoms to form CeO8]Polyhedra in which the four oxygen ligands are derived from four [ IOs ] respectively3]The other four oxygen ligands are derived from four [ H ]2PO4]A group. Adjacent [ CeO ]8]Between polyhedrons via [ IO3]And [ H2PO4]The groups are bridged to form a three-dimensional network structure.
The second technical scheme of the invention provides a preparation method of a iodic acid and cerium phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, which comprises the steps of firstly mixing a cerium source, an iodine source, phosphoric acid and water to obtain an initial mixture, and then crystallizing under a hydrothermal condition to obtain a target product.
Further, in the initial mixture, the addition ratio of cerium element, iodine element, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: (0.5-15) mmol: (0.5-6) mL: (0-5) mL. Preferably, the ratio of cerium element, iodine element, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: (2-8) mmol: (1-4) mL: (0-1.5) mL. Here, the amount of water added may be 0mL or not 0, and when the amount of water added is 0mL, it means that water is not added at this time. When no water is added, the reaction medium is phosphoric acid only, and when water is added, phosphoric acid and water together serve as the reaction medium.
Further, the cerium source is cerium dioxide, cerous nitrate or cerous nitrate; preferably, the cerium source is cerium oxide.
Further, the iodine source is periodic acid, iodic acid or diiodo pentoxide; preferably, the iodine source is periodic acid.
Furthermore, the temperature of the hydrothermal condition is 140-. Preferably, the hydrothermal condition temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the crystallization time is not less than 48 h.
Further, after crystallization is finished, the obtained product is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 0.5-10 ℃/h, and then the product is filtered and cleaned to obtain the target product. Preferably, the cooling rate is 0.5-4 ℃/h.
Further, the crystallization process is carried out in a closed reaction kettle.
In the crystallization process, phosphoric acid not only provides phosphorus but also serves as a reaction solvent, so the addition amount of phosphoric acid needs to be larger than the stoichiometric ratio of the molecular formula of the product, and the target product cannot be crystallized due to the excessively low addition amount of phosphoric acid. The addition of raw materials is not limited in the scope of the invention, which can lead to the reduction of the yield of the target product and the increase of the yield of byproducts, for example, when the iodine source is excessive, the product is mainly Ce (IO)3)4. The crystallization temperature is defined on the premise that crystals of the target product can be formed, and the target crystals cannot be formed below or above the defined temperature range.
The third technical scheme of the invention provides application of a cerium iodate and phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material, and the crystal material is used for laser frequency conversion, particularly for visible and mid-infrared laser frequency conversion output. More specifically, the crystal is suitable for the wavelength range of 0.4-8 μm.
The iodic acid cerium phosphate crystal material has a large frequency doubling effect, and the powder frequency doubling effect is about KH under 1064nm laser irradiation2PO44 times of crystal and phase matching. In addition, the optical transmission range of the crystal material is 0.4-8 μm, and the thermal stability temperature is 280 ℃. Therefore, the crystal material has wide application prospect in the field of nonlinear optics.
Furthermore, the crystal material is used for preparing a laser frequency converter, a frequency doubling generator, an optical parametric oscillator, an optical parametric amplifier or a photoelectric rectifier. In particular, the crystalline material, when used in a laser frequency converter, can be used to output visible and infrared laser beams at double frequency harmonics.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a new inorganic crystal material cerium iodate phosphate, which has a larger frequency doubling effect and is about KH under 1064nm laser irradiation2PO4The phase matching can be realized by 4 times of the frequency doubling strength of the crystal. In addition, the crystal material has wide transmission ranges in a visible light region and an infrared light region, a complete optical transmission waveband is 0.4-8 mu m, the thermal stability temperature reaches 280 ℃, and the crystal material has wide application prospects in the fields of laser frequency conversion, photoelectric modulation, laser signal holographic storage and the like;
(2) the invention provides a preparation method of the iodic acid and cerium phosphate crystal material, which adopts a hydrothermal method with mild reaction conditions, can obtain a high-purity crystalline sample at high yield through hydrothermal crystallization at the temperature of 140-200 ℃, is simple, has mild conditions, and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production;
(3) the cerium phosphate iodate crystal material can be applied to a laser frequency converter and can be used for outputting visible and infrared laser beams in a frequency doubling harmonic wave mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the crystal structure of cerium iodate and phosphate;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of X-ray diffraction patterns; wherein (a) is an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by simulating a crystal structure analyzed by sample No. 1 according to single crystal X-ray diffraction data; (b) is a spectrum obtained by grinding a sample No. 1 into powder and then testing the powder by X-ray diffraction;
FIG. 3 is an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared absorption spectrum of sample # 1;
FIG. 4 is an IR spectrum (2.5 to 25 μm) of sample No. 1;
FIG. 5 is a thermogravimetric analysis plot of sample # 1;
FIG. 6 shows sample No. 1 and KH2PO4A second harmonic signal diagram with the sample size within the range of 105-150 mu m;
FIG. 7 is a graph of second harmonic phase matching for sample # 1 in the 1.064 μm band.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, the starting products or process techniques, if not specifically mentioned, are all conventional commercial products or conventional processing techniques in the art.
Example 1:
hydrothermal synthesis of samples
Cerium dioxide, periodic acid, phosphoric acid and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1 mmol: 3 mmol: 2mL of: 0mL of the mixed starting material is sealed in a hydrothermal reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, the temperature is raised to 170 ℃, the temperature is kept constant for 72 hours, the temperature of a reaction system is slowly reduced to room temperature at the speed of 1.7 ℃/hour, and the yellow blocky cerium iodate phosphate crystal can be obtained after filtration and cleaning.
Crystal structure analysis
The structure of the sample of example 1 (i.e., sample # 1) was analyzed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction methods.
Wherein the single crystal X-ray diffraction test is carried out on a Bruker co D8 VENTURE CMOS X-ray single crystal diffractometer, germany. The crystal size is 0.22X 0.11X 0.05mm3(ii) a Data collection temperature 293K derivativeThe light source is Mo-K alpha ray monochromized by graphite
Figure BDA0003103709210000041
The scanning mode is omega; the data were subjected to absorption correction processing using the Multi-Scan method. The structure analysis is completed by adopting a SHELXTL-97 program package; determining the position of heavy atom by direct method, and obtaining the coordinates of other atoms by difference Fourier synthesis method; with radicals based on F2The full matrix least square method refines the coordinates and anisotropic thermal parameters of all atoms.
Powder X-ray diffraction test was carried out on an X-ray powder diffractometer of Bruker D8 model, Bruker, Germany, under the conditions of a fixed target monochromatic light source Cu-Ka, wavelength
Figure BDA0003103709210000042
The voltage and current are 40kV/20A, the slit DivSlit/RecSlit/SctSlit is 2.00deg/0.3mm/2.00deg, the scanning range is 5-70 deg, and the scanning step is 0.02 deg.
The single crystal X-ray diffraction test results showed that the sample of example 1 (designated as sample # 1) had a chemical formula of Ce (IO)3)2(H2PO4)2Molecular weight of 683.89, belonging to the orthorhombic system, and having a space group of Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure BDA0003103709210000051
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume
Figure BDA0003103709210000052
The crystal structure is shown in figure 1.
The XRD spectrum of the sample of example 1 is shown in fig. 2. The pattern obtained by grinding the sample in fig. 2(a) into powder and testing by X-ray diffraction is consistent with the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by simulating the crystal structure analyzed according to single crystal X-ray diffraction in fig. 2(b), and the peak position and the peak intensity are consistent, which indicates that the obtained sample has high purity.
Ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy test
The diffuse reflectance absorption spectroscopy test of the sample of example 1 was performed on an agilent Cary 5000 model uv-vis-nir spectrophotometer, usa. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the compound does not absorb significantly in the range of 400nm to 2500 nm. The compound has a wide optical transmission range and an optical band gap of 2.97 eV.
Infrared Spectrum testing
Example 1 infrared spectroscopic testing of samples was performed on a Nicolet iS10 model fourier infrared spectrometer, zemer feishel technologies ltd. As shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that the compound has no significant absorption in the range of 2.5 to 8 μm and has a wide optical transmission range.
Thermogravimetric testing
The thermogravimetric testing of the sample of example 1 was carried out on a thermogravimetric analyzer model Netzsch STA 409PC, a german navy equipment manufacturing ltd. As shown in FIG. 5, it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the compound was stable up to 280 ℃ and had good thermal stability.
Frequency doubling test experiment and results
The frequency doubling test experiment for the sample of example 1 is as follows: YAG solid laser with 1064nm wavelength is used as fundamental frequency light to irradiate the tested crystal powder, the photomultiplier is used to detect the generated second harmonic, and oscilloscope is used to display the harmonic intensity. The crystal sample and the control sample KH are mixed2PO4And respectively grinding the crystals, and screening out the crystals with different granularity by using a standard screen, wherein the granularity ranges from less than 26, 26-50, 50-74, 74-105, 105-150, 150-200 and 200-280 mu m. And observing the trend of the intensity of the frequency multiplication signal along with the change of granularity, and judging whether the frequency multiplication signal can realize phase matching. Comparison of samples with KH under the same test conditions2PO4The strength of the second harmonic generated by the sample, and thus the relative magnitude of the frequency doubling effect of the sample.
The test result shows that the iodic acid cerium phosphate crystal in the example 1 has a large frequency doubling effect, and the frequency doubling signal intensity is KH of a reference sample under the irradiation of laser with the wavelength of 1064nm2PO4About 4 times as large as the crystal (see fig. 6), phase matching can be achieved (see fig. 7).
Example 2:
hydrothermal synthesis of samples
Cerium dioxide, periodic acid, phosphoric acid and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1 mmol: 5 mmol: 3mL of: 0.5mL of the mixture is mixed into a starting raw material, the mixture is sealed in a hydrothermal reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, the temperature is increased to 180 ℃, the temperature is kept constant for 72 hours, the temperature of a reaction system is slowly reduced to room temperature at the speed of 2 ℃/hour, and the mixture is filtered and cleaned to obtain yellow blocky cerium iodate phosphate crystals.
Single crystal X-ray diffraction of the yellow bulk crystal of example 2 showed the formula Ce (IO)3)2(H2PO4)2Molecular weight of 683.89, belonging to the orthorhombic system, and having a space group of Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure BDA0003103709210000061
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume
Figure BDA0003103709210000062
Ce (IO) of example 23)2(H2PO4)2The crystal has large frequency doubling effect, and the frequency doubling signal intensity is about 4 times that of KDP crystal under 1064nm wavelength laser irradiation.
The crystal material is applied to a frequency doubling generator and an optical parametric oscillator and is used for visible, middle and far infrared laser frequency conversion output.
Example 3:
cerium dioxide, periodic acid, phosphoric acid and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1 mmol: 4 mmol: 4mL of: 1mL of the mixed starting material is sealed in a hydrothermal reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, the temperature is raised to 160 ℃, the temperature is kept constant for 96 hours, the temperature of a reaction system is slowly reduced to room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/hour, and the mixture is filtered and cleaned to obtain yellow blocky cerium iodate phosphate crystals.
Single crystal X-ray diffraction of the yellow bulk crystal of example 3 showed the formula Ce (IO)3)2(H2PO4)2Molecular weight of 683.89, belong toOrthorhombic system having space group Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure BDA0003103709210000063
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume
Figure BDA0003103709210000064
Ce (IO) of example 33)2(H2PO4)2The crystal has large frequency doubling effect, and the frequency doubling signal intensity is about 4 times that of KDP crystal under 1064nm wavelength laser irradiation.
The crystal material is applied to a frequency doubling generator and an optical parametric oscillator and is used for visible, middle and far infrared laser frequency conversion output.
Example 4:
compared with example 1, most of them are the same except that in this example, the ratio of cerium, iodine, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: 0.5 mmol: 0.5 mL: 3 mL.
Example 5:
compared with example 1, most of them are the same except that in this example, the ratio of cerium, iodine, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: 15 mmol: 6mL of: 1 mL.
Example 6:
compared with example 1, most of them are the same except that in this example, the ratio of cerium, iodine, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: 2 mmol: 1mL of: 1.5 mL.
Example 7:
compared with example 1, most of them are the same except that in this example, the ratio of cerium, iodine, phosphoric acid and water is1 mmol: 8 mmol: 4mL of: 0.5 mL.
Example 8:
most of them are the same as example 1 except that the temperature of hydrothermal crystallization is 140 ℃.
Example 9:
most of them are the same as example 1 except that the temperature of hydrothermal crystallization is 200 ℃.
Examples 10 to 11:
most of the same as in example 1, except that in this example, ceria was replaced with either ceric nitrate or ceric nitrate in the same molar amount of cerium element.
Examples 10 to 11:
compared to example 1, most of the results are the same, except that in this example periodic acid is replaced by iodic acid or diiodo pentoxide, in the same molar amount of iodine elements.
Comparative example 1:
compared with example 1, most of the results were the same except that the periodic acid was added in an amount of 20 mmol.
After detection, the final product is mainly Ce (IO)3)4And no nonlinear optical performance.
Comparative example 2:
compared with example 1, most of the results were the same except that the periodic acid was added in an amount of 0.3 mmol.
After detection, the final product is mainly Ce (H)2PO4)4And no nonlinear optical performance.
Comparative example 3:
compared with example 1, the most part of the solution was the same except that the amount of phosphoric acid added was changed to 7 mL.
After detection, the final product is mainly Ce (H)2PO4)4And no nonlinear optical performance.
Comparative example 4:
compared with example 1, most of them were the same except that the amounts of phosphoric acid and water added were changed to 0.4mL and 1.6mL, respectively.
After detection, the final product is mainly Ce (IO)3)3(H2PO4) And no nonlinear optical performance.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A second-order non-linear optical crystal material of cerium iodate and phosphate is characterized in that the chemical formula of the second-order non-linear optical crystal material is Ce (IO)3)2(H2PO4)2
2. The cerium iodate and phosphate second order nonlinear optical crystal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crystal material belongs to orthorhombic system with space group of Pna21Cell parameter of
Figure FDA0003103709200000011
Figure FDA0003103709200000012
α ═ β ═ γ ═ 90 °, Z ═ 4, and unit cell volume V ═ 4
Figure FDA0003103709200000013
3. The method for preparing a cerium iodate and phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a cerium source, an iodine source, phosphoric acid and water are mixed to obtain an initial mixture, and then the initial mixture is crystallized under hydrothermal conditions to obtain a target product.
4. The method for preparing a cerium iodate and phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material according to claim 3, wherein the addition ratio of cerium, iodine, phosphoric acid and water in the initial mixture is1 mmol: (0.5-15) mmol: (0.5-6) mL: (0-5) mL.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the cerium source is cerium dioxide, ceric nitrate or ceric nitrate;
the iodine source is periodic acid, iodic acid or diiodo pentoxide.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature of hydrothermal condition is 140-200 deg.C, and the crystallization time is not less than 24 h.
7. The method for preparing a cerium iodate and phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material according to claim 3, wherein after crystallization is completed, the obtained product is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 0.5-10 ℃/h, and then filtered and cleaned to obtain a target product.
8. The method for preparing a cerium iodate and phosphate second-order nonlinear optical crystal material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the crystallization process is performed in a closed reaction vessel.
9. Use of a cerium iodate and phosphate second order nonlinear optical crystal material as claimed in claim 1 or 2 for laser frequency conversion.
10. The use of the cerium iodate and phosphate second order nonlinear optical crystal material according to claim 9, wherein the crystal material is used for visible and mid-far infrared laser frequency conversion output.
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Citations (2)

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US20030098979A1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2003-05-29 Dress William B. Optical microscope using an interferometric source of two-color, two-beam entangled photons
CN112410877A (en) * 2020-11-19 2021-02-26 同济大学 Zirconium-cesium fluoroiodate second-order nonlinear optical crystal and preparation and application thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030098979A1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2003-05-29 Dress William B. Optical microscope using an interferometric source of two-color, two-beam entangled photons
CN112410877A (en) * 2020-11-19 2021-02-26 同济大学 Zirconium-cesium fluoroiodate second-order nonlinear optical crystal and preparation and application thereof

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Title
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