CN113477692A - Organic matter contaminated soil grading thermal desorption and organic matter recycle system - Google Patents
Organic matter contaminated soil grading thermal desorption and organic matter recycle system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113477692A CN113477692A CN202110771154.0A CN202110771154A CN113477692A CN 113477692 A CN113477692 A CN 113477692A CN 202110771154 A CN202110771154 A CN 202110771154A CN 113477692 A CN113477692 A CN 113477692A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system for organic matter contaminated soil, which comprises a plurality of grades of thermal desorption devices connected in series, wherein each grade of thermal desorption device comprises a material conveying mechanism, a condensing device and a liquid collecting device; the feed end of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the discharge hole of the upper level material conveying mechanism, the discharge hole of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the feed hole of the lower level material conveying mechanism, and the discharge hole of the last level material conveying mechanism is connected with the soil collecting tank after restoration. The invention can adopt graded thermal desorption aiming at different organic pollutants, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption; the classified recovery of organic pollutants can be realized by classified thermal desorption and tail gas stepwise condensation, and the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the tail gas are favorable for energy conservation and consumption reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal desorption of contaminated soil, in particular to a system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil.
Background
Thermal desorption techniques are processes in which the contaminated medium and the organic contaminants contained therein are heated to a sufficient temperature by direct or indirect heat exchange to volatilize or separate the organic contaminants from the contaminated medium. Thermal desorption can be used to selectively transfer organic contaminants from the solid phase to the gas phase by adjusting the heating temperature and the residence time of the contaminated soil.
The problems of the existing thermal desorption system are as follows: and by adopting one-time desorption, part of the composite organic pollutants are simply heated to extremely high temperature, one-time thermal desorption of the composite pollutants is realized, and the energy consumption is higher. Meanwhile, the tail gas of thermal desorption is mostly treated by combustion, so that secondary pollutants such as dioxin and the like are easily generated, and other pollution is caused to the environment. The flue gas after combustion still contains a large amount of heats, and not full recycle, this has caused very big energy waste. Generally, the existing thermal desorption system has the defects of high treatment cost, high energy consumption, incapability of fully recycling the treated organic matters and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system for organic matter contaminated soil, which can be used for carrying out graded thermal desorption on the contaminated soil, separating out specific organic pollutants, exchanging heat between tail gas of thermal desorption and a cooling medium through a condenser, comprehensively utilizing waste heat and saving energy consumption of the system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system for organic matter contaminated soil comprises a plurality of stages of thermal desorption devices connected in series, wherein each stage of thermal desorption device comprises a material conveying mechanism, a condensing device and a liquid collecting device, a gas outlet of the material conveying mechanism is connected with a heat medium gas inlet of the condensing device, a liquid outlet of the condensing device is connected with an inlet of the liquid collecting device, and a cold medium gas outlet of the condensing device is connected with a gas inlet of the material conveying mechanism; the feed end of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the discharge hole of the upper level material conveying mechanism, the discharge hole of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the feed hole of the lower level material conveying mechanism, and the discharge hole of the last level material conveying mechanism is connected with the soil collecting tank after restoration.
The organic matter contaminated soil grading thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system comprises a shell and a spiral feeding shaft arranged in the shell, wherein the shell is of a double-layer sleeve structure, a resistance wire is arranged between the inner wall of an outer-layer sleeve and the outer wall of an inner-layer sleeve along the axial direction, and heat-insulating quartz wool is filled in the resistance wire; a silicon carbide rod is axially arranged in the spiral feeding shaft; the resistance wire and the silicon carbide rod are heated and controlled by a central power controller through a PID temperature controller.
The resistance wires and the silicon carbide rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction respectively.
The thermal desorption temperatures in the thermal desorption devices connected in series in a plurality of stages are different.
The feed inlet of elementary material transport mechanism is connected with the discharge gate of feed mechanism, feed mechanism includes one-level belt conveyor, the material crushing and screening ware of being connected with one-level belt conveyor's discharge gate, the second grade belt conveyor of being connected with the feed inlet of material crushing and screening ware.
And the gas inlet of the material conveying mechanism corresponds to the position of the feeding hole.
And a cold medium gas inlet of the condensing device is connected with a cold medium gas source.
The cold medium gas source adopts nitrogen.
Each gas pipeline is provided with a fan, and each liquid pipeline is provided with a pump.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can select a corresponding graded thermal desorption system according to the types and required desorption temperatures of organic pollutants in soil, uses the thermal desorption system with corresponding temperature and desorption conditions for single organic pollutants, and sequentially carries out temperature-rising thermal desorption on the soil polluted by composite organic pollutants according to the desorption temperatures of different organic matters, and the thermally desorbed soil enters a soil collecting tank. Organic pollutant tail gas desorbed from each thermal desorption system is sent into the condenser by the fan through the negative pressure pipeline for heat exchange and condensation, condensed liquid organic matters are collected to the condensate collecting tank, and cold nitrogen is sent into the upper stream of the thermal desorption system after being preheated, so that the organic pollutant in the thermal desorption tail gas is recycled and the waste heat is recovered.
The invention can adopt graded thermal desorption aiming at different organic pollutants, thereby effectively reducing the energy consumption; the invention realizes the gradual condensation of thermal desorption tail gas, classifies and recycles organic pollutants, and improves the added value of products; the thermal desorption tail gas is subjected to heat exchange through the condenser, and the soil at the desorption section is preheated, so that the waste heat is recycled, and the energy conservation and the consumption reduction are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross-sectional view of the thermal desorption system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a primary belt conveyor; 2. a material crushing and screening device; 3. a secondary belt type material conveyer; 4. a primary thermal desorption system; 5. a secondary thermal desorption system; 6. a tertiary thermal desorption system; 7. a central power controller; 8. a first-stage condenser; 9. a secondary condenser; 10. a third-stage condenser; 11. a first condensate collection tank; 12. a second condensate collection tank; 13. a third condensate collection tank; 14. collecting tank; 15. a fan; 16. a pump; 26. a resistance wire; 27. a silicon carbide rod.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for fractional thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter-contaminated soil of the present embodiment includes a plurality of stages of thermal desorption devices connected in series, each stage of thermal desorption mechanism includes a material transfer mechanism, a condensing device and a liquid collecting device, a gas outlet of the material transfer mechanism is connected to a heat medium gas inlet of the condensing device, a liquid outlet of the condensing device is connected to an inlet of the liquid collecting device, and a cold medium gas outlet of the condensing device is connected to a gas inlet of the material transfer mechanism; the feed end of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the discharge hole of the upper level material conveying mechanism, the discharge hole of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the feed hole of the lower level material conveying mechanism, and the discharge hole of the last level material conveying mechanism is connected with the repaired soil collecting groove 14.
The thermal desorption temperatures in the thermal desorption devices connected in series in a plurality of stages are different.
In the system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter-contaminated soil of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the material conveying mechanism includes a housing and a spiral feeding shaft installed in the housing, the housing is of a double-layer sleeve structure, a resistance wire 26 is axially arranged between the inner wall of the outer-layer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner-layer sleeve, and heat-insulating quartz wool is filled between the inner wall of the outer-layer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner-layer sleeve; a silicon carbide rod 27 is axially arranged in the spiral feeding shaft; the resistance wire 26 and the silicon carbide rod 27 are heated and controlled by the central power controller 7 through a PID temperature controller.
The resistance wires 26 and the silicon carbide rods 27 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction respectively.
Specifically, 4-6 resistance wires 26 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; 4-6 silicon carbide rods 27 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
The feed inlet of elementary material transport mechanism is connected with the discharge gate of feed mechanism, and feed mechanism includes one-level belt conveyor 1, the material crushing and screening ware 2 of being connected with the discharge gate of one-level belt conveyor 1, the second grade belt conveyor 3 of being connected with the feed inlet of material crushing and screening ware 2.
The gas inlet of the material conveying mechanism corresponds to the position of the feeding hole.
And a cold medium gas inlet of the condensing device is connected with a cold medium gas source.
The cold medium gas source adopts nitrogen.
A fan 15 is installed on each gas line, and a pump 16 is installed on each liquid line.
In this embodiment, a three-stage thermal desorption device connected in series can be adopted, and the primary thermal desorption mechanism comprises a primary thermal desorption system 4, a primary condenser 8 and a first condensate collecting tank 11; the secondary thermal desorption mechanism comprises a secondary thermal desorption system 5, a secondary condenser 9 and a second condensate collecting tank 12; the final-stage thermal desorption mechanism comprises a three-stage thermal desorption system 6, a three-stage condenser 10 and a third condensate collecting tank 13.
The feed inlet of one-level thermal desorption system 4 is connected with 3 discharge ends of second grade belt conveyor, and 3 feed ends of second grade belt conveyor and 2 exit linkage of material crushing and screening ware, 2 feed inlets of material crushing and screening ware and 1 discharge ends of one-level belt conveyor are connected. The discharge port of the first-stage thermal desorption system 4 is connected with the feed port of the second-stage thermal desorption system 5, and the discharge port of the second-stage thermal desorption system 5 is connected with the feed port of the third-stage thermal desorption system 6.
The central power controller 7 respectively heats and controls the resistance wires 26 and the silicon carbide rods 27 of all levels of thermal desorption systems through the PID temperature controllers, so that the temperatures of the first-level thermal desorption system 4, the second-level thermal desorption system 5 and the third-level thermal desorption system 6 are different (are sequentially increased according to actual needs), and graded desorption of various organic matters is realized.
Specifically, the central power controller 7 controls the thermal desorption temperature of the staged thermal desorption system through a PID temperature controller, and when the temperature reaches a set temperature, the thermal desorption system stops heating; wherein the heating temperature range of the first-stage thermal desorption system 4 is 40-100 ℃, the heating temperature range of the second-stage thermal desorption system 5 is 100-200 ℃, and the heating temperature range of the third-stage thermal desorption system 6 is 200-400 ℃. The temperature rise rate of each thermal desorption system is 2-10 ℃/min.
High-temperature organic matter gas generated by thermal desorption in the primary thermal desorption system 4 is introduced into a thermal medium gas inlet of the primary condenser 8 through a pipeline and a fan 15, cold medium gas of the primary condenser 8 adopts a nitrogen source, after heat exchange, heated nitrogen is fed from a gas inlet of the primary thermal desorption system 4 to preheat feeding materials, and then the feeding materials are conveyed by a side screw feeding shaft in a spiral manner and are simultaneously heated by a silicon carbon rod 27; the organic gas after temperature reduction is condensed and is sent to the first condensate collecting tank 11 through a pipeline and a pump 16 for collection. Other two-stage thermal desorption processes are the same as the condensation process of the organic matter gas, the condensate after desorption is respectively collected in the second condensate collecting tank 12 and the third condensate collecting tank 13, and different organic matters are finally obtained in the condensate collecting tanks at all stages due to different desorption temperatures, so that classified recovery is realized. Finally, the restored soil is discharged from a discharge port of the three-stage thermal desorption system 6 to the collection tank 14.
Specifically, each stage of condenser adopts a tubular heat exchanger, high-temperature thermal desorption tail gas is taken as hot fluid to pass through a shell pass, and low-temperature nitrogen is taken as cold fluid to pass through a tube pass. Wherein the low-temperature nitrogen temperature is-20 ℃ to-50 ℃. By controlling the flow of the cold and hot fluid, the temperature of three strands of thermal desorption tail gas of the graded thermal desorption system can be reduced to 30 ℃ by each grade of condenser, and the organic matter is condensed and then collected to each grade of condensate collecting tank.
One specific application example of this embodiment is as follows:
taking the soil ex-situ thermal desorption of a certain composite organic matter contaminated site in Jiangsu province as an example, the specific process of utilizing the graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system for the composite organic matter contaminated soil is as follows.
The composite organic pollutants are benzene, dimethylbenzene and ethylene glycol. The thermal desorption temperature of benzene is 80 ℃, the thermal desorption temperature of dimethylbenzene is 150 ℃, and the desorption temperature of ethylene glycol is 340 ℃. Wherein, benzene is desorbed in the primary thermal desorption mechanism, xylene is desorbed in the secondary thermal desorption mechanism, and ethylene glycol is desorbed in the tertiary thermal desorption mechanism. Before the composite organic contaminated soil is crushed and screened, the temperature of the graded thermal desorption system is firstly increased to the thermal desorption temperature, wherein the temperature of the first-stage thermal desorption system 4 is 85 ℃, the temperature increase rate is 2 ℃/min, the temperature of the second-stage thermal desorption system 5 is 150 ℃, the temperature increase rate is 3 ℃/min, the temperature of the third-stage thermal desorption system 5 is 350 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is 5 ℃/min.
The massive compound organic contaminated soil is firstly sent into a material crushing and screening device 2 through a primary belt type material conveyor 1, and the particle size of the soil is 1 cm-2 cm after crushing and screening. The pretreated soil firstly enters a first-stage thermal desorption system 4, benzene is firstly desorbed, then the pretreated soil enters a second-stage thermal desorption system 5 to desorb xylene, and finally the pretreated soil enters a third-stage thermal desorption system 6 to desorb ethylene glycol. And the graded thermal desorption tail gas sequentially enters corresponding condensers for heat exchange and condensation. Wherein the flow rates of the condensers at all stages, the thermal desorption tail gas and the low-temperature nitrogen are all 5m3And/min, the low-temperature nitrogen inlet temperature of the first-stage condenser 8 is-20 ℃, the low-temperature nitrogen inlet temperature of the second-stage condenser 9 is-35 ℃, and the low-temperature nitrogen inlet temperature of the third-stage condenser 10 is-50 ℃. The soil after thermal desorption is collected by the collecting tank 14 and is detected and analyzed, and the removal efficiency of three organic pollutants reaches 99.9 percent.
The organic matter pollutes soil and grades thermal desorption and organic matter recycle system of this embodiment can select corresponding hierarchical thermal desorption system to organic pollutant's in the soil kind and desorption temperature, to single organic pollutant, uses the thermal desorption system that corresponds temperature and desorption condition, and compound organic pollutant pollutes soil, then according to the desorption temperature of different organic matters, heaies up thermal desorption in proper order, and the soil of thermal desorption gets into the soil collecting vat. Organic pollutant tail gas desorbed from each thermal desorption system is sent into the condenser by the fan through the negative pressure pipeline for heat exchange and condensation, condensed liquid organic matters are collected to the condensate collecting tank, and cold nitrogen is sent into the upper stream of the thermal desorption system after being preheated, so that the organic pollutant in the thermal desorption tail gas is recycled and the waste heat is recovered.
Claims (9)
1. A graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling system for organic matter contaminated soil is characterized by comprising a plurality of stages of thermal desorption devices connected in series, wherein each stage of thermal desorption device comprises a material conveying mechanism, a condensing device and a liquid collecting device, a gas outlet of the material conveying mechanism is connected with a heat medium gas inlet of the condensing device, a liquid outlet of the condensing device is connected with an inlet of the liquid collecting device, and a cold medium gas outlet of the condensing device is connected with a gas inlet of the material conveying mechanism; the feed end of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the discharge hole of the upper level material conveying mechanism, the discharge hole of each level of material conveying mechanism is connected with the feed hole of the lower level material conveying mechanism, and the discharge hole of the last level material conveying mechanism is connected with the repaired soil collecting groove (14).
2. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil is characterized in that the material conveying mechanism comprises a shell and a spiral feeding shaft installed in the shell, the shell is of a double-layer sleeve structure, a resistance wire (26) is axially arranged between the inner wall of the outer-layer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner-layer sleeve, and heat-insulating quartz wool is filled in the resistance wire; a silicon carbide rod (27) is axially arranged in the spiral feeding shaft; the resistance wire (26) and the silicon carbide rod (27) are heated and controlled by a central power controller (7) through a PID temperature controller.
3. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 2, wherein the resistance wires (26) and the silicon carbide rods (27) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction respectively.
4. The system for fractional thermal desorption and organic recovery from organic-contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the thermal desorption temperatures in the thermal desorption devices connected in series at a plurality of stages are different.
5. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the feed inlet of the primary material conveying mechanism is connected with the discharge outlet of the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism comprises a primary belt type material conveyor (1), a material crushing and screening device (2) connected with the discharge outlet of the primary belt type material conveyor (1), and a secondary belt type material conveyor (3) connected with the feed inlet of the material crushing and screening device (2).
6. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the gas inlet and the feed inlet of the material conveying mechanism correspond in position.
7. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the cooling medium gas inlet of the condensing device is connected to a cooling medium gas source.
8. The system for graded thermal desorption and organic matter recycling of organic matter contaminated soil according to claim 7, wherein the source of cold medium gas is nitrogen.
9. The system for fractional thermal desorption and organic recovery from organic contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein a fan (15) is installed on each gas line, and a pump (16) is installed on each liquid line.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114700361A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-05 | 安徽省通源环境节能股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional layered continuous superheated steam thermal desorption device for waste heat recycling |
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