CN113474984A - DC-DC converter - Google Patents
DC-DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113474984A CN113474984A CN201980092968.2A CN201980092968A CN113474984A CN 113474984 A CN113474984 A CN 113474984A CN 201980092968 A CN201980092968 A CN 201980092968A CN 113474984 A CN113474984 A CN 113474984A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
Abstract
The application relates to a DC-DC converter, comprising: a first resonance unit, the positive terminal of which is connected with the positive pole of the power grid input end; a second resonance unit, the negative terminal of which is connected with the negative pole of the grid input end; the positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the positive electrode of the power grid output end; the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the negative electrode of the power grid output end; the first transformer is arranged between the first resonance unit and the first full-bridge rectifier; the second transformer is arranged between the second resonance unit and the second full-bridge rectifier; the negative terminal of the first resonance unit is connected with the positive terminal of the second resonance unit through the first switch; and the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier through the second switch. The technical scheme of the application provides wide input and wide output range for the DC-DC converter.
Description
The present application relates to the field of circuit design. In particular, the present application relates to dc-dc converters.
Resonant circuits (LLC) are widely used in dc-dc conversion for charging electric vehicles, for example. In order to meet the requirements of a wide input and output voltage range, the converter switching frequency modulation range needs to be wide, which causes some problems. For example, a large voltage gain makes closed loop control very difficult, and even small changes in switching frequency will result in large voltage adjustments. Furthermore, the wide range of switching frequencies makes it difficult to fully exploit the high switching frequency capabilities of the device. For example, SiC or GaN devices feature low switching losses and can be used in high switching frequency scenarios. At the same time, the transformer and the inductor can have smaller dimensions at high switching frequencies. This results in a lower cost system. For a wide frequency range, the transformer and the inductor will need to have relatively large dimensions, which increases the cost of the converter.
A phase-shifted full-bridge converter is characterized by a fixed switching frequency, the output voltage of which is modulated by the duty cycle. PWM control strategies can increase the element switching frequency, which can reduce the capacity of the transformer or inductor. Therefore, the converter cost can be reduced. However, phase-shifted full-bridge converters also have some disadvantages. For example, the operation efficiency of the phase-shifted full-bridge converter is lower than that of a resonant circuit DC-DC converter (LLC DC/DC converter), and it is difficult for the phase-shifted full-bridge converter to realize soft switching under light load.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a direct current-direct current converter, so as to at least solve the problem that the wide input and output voltage range of the direct current-direct current converter is difficult to realize in the prior art.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a dc-dc converter including: the positive terminal of the first resonance unit is connected with the positive electrode of the power grid input end; a second resonance unit, the negative terminal of which is connected to the negative of the grid input; the positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the positive electrode of the power grid output end; the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier is connected with the negative electrode of the power grid output end; a first transformer disposed between the first resonance unit and the first full-bridge rectifier; a second transformer disposed between the second resonance unit and the second full-bridge rectifier; a first switch through which a negative terminal of the first resonance unit is connected with a positive terminal of the second resonance unit; and the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier through the second switch.
In this way, it is possible to connect two resonant cells in series and two full-bridge rectifiers in series, having a high input voltage range and a high output voltage range with respect to conventional resonant circuit converters.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter further includes: a third switch through which the positive terminal of the first resonance unit is connected with the positive terminal of the second resonance unit; a fourth switch through which a negative terminal of the first resonance unit is connected with a negative terminal of the second resonance unit; a fifth switch through which the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier; and a sixth switch, the positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier being connected to the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier through the sixth switch.
In this way, the connection relationship between the resonant units and the connection relationship between the full-bridge rectifier can be controlled by the switches, so that the DC-DC converter can work in different modes and provide different input voltage ranges and output voltage ranges.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a first mode in which: the first switch and the second switch are closed, and the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are open.
In this way, the dc-dc converter can be operated in a mode of a high input voltage range and a high output voltage range by controlling the switch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a second mode in which: the first switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are closed, and the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are open.
In this way, the dc-dc converter can be operated in a mode of a high input voltage range and a low output voltage range by controlling the switch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a third mode in which: the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are closed, and the first switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are open.
In this way, the dc-dc converter can be operated in a mode of a low input voltage range and a high output voltage range by controlling the switch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a fourth mode in which: the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are closed, and the first switch and the second switch are open.
In this way, the dc-dc converter can be operated in a mode of a normal input voltage range and a normal output voltage range by controlling the switch.
In the embodiment of the present application, a technical solution is provided for controlling a connection relationship of a resonant unit and a connection relationship of a full-bridge rectifier in a dc-dc converter by using a switch control circuit, so as to at least solve a technical problem that it is difficult to implement a wide input and output voltage range of the dc-dc converter, improve the performance of the dc-dc converter, dynamically change parameters and a topology structure in a circuit, and achieve a technical effect of adapting the dc-dc converter to different input voltages and output voltage ranges.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a topology diagram of a DC-DC converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers illustrate:
LLC1, a first resonant unit;
LLC2, second resonant unit;
FUB1, first full bridge rectifier;
FUB2, second full bridge rectifier;
k1, a first switch;
k2, a second switch;
k3, a third switch;
k4, fourth switch;
k5, a fifth switch;
k6, sixth switch;
t1, a first transformer;
t2, a second transformer;
IN +, the positive pole of the input end of the power grid;
IN-, the negative pole of the power grid input end;
OUT +, the positive pole of the power grid output end;
OUT-, the negative pole of the grid output.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or modules or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The topology of the resonant circuit converter comprises two parts, namely a resonant circuit part on the primary side of the transformer and a rectifier part on the secondary side of the transformer. The rectifier portion may employ a full bridge rectifier, a half bridge rectifier, or a full wave rectifier. Full-bridge rectifiers and full-wave rectifiers using typical topologies perform better than half-bridge rectifiers, but at increased cost.
According to an embodiment of the present application, a dc-dc converter is provided. Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the dc-dc converter is arranged in a dc circuit, the left side of fig. 1 showing the input of the dc circuit including a resonant circuit part, and the right side of fig. 1 showing the output of the dc circuit including a full bridge rectifier part. The input end of the direct current circuit is provided with a resonance unit used as a resonance circuit, the output end of the circuit is provided with a full bridge rectifier (full bridge rectifier), the current at the input end of the circuit passes through the resonance circuit and passes through a transformer between the resonance unit and the full bridge rectifier, and the output end of the circuit receives the output current obtained by the mutual inductance of the resonance unit and the full bridge rectifier, so that direct current-direct current conversion is carried out.
As shown in fig. 1, the dc-dc converter includes a resonant circuit portion and a full bridge rectifier portion. The resonant circuit portion comprises a first resonant unit LLC1 and a second resonant unit LLC 2. The positive terminal of the first resonance unit LLC1 is connected to the positive IN + of the grid input, and the negative terminal of the second resonance unit LLC2 is connected to the negative IN-of the grid input. The full-bridge rectifier portion includes a first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 and a second full-bridge rectifier FUB 2. The positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 is connected to the positive OUT + of the grid output, and the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 is connected to the negative OUT-of the grid output. The negative terminal of the first resonance unit LLC1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second resonance unit LLC2 via a first switch K1, and the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 via a second switch K2.
A first transformer T1 is arranged between the first resonant unit LLC1 and the first full-bridge rectifier FUB 1. A second transformer T2 is arranged between the second resonant unit LLC2 and the second full-bridge rectifier FUB 2. The first resonant unit LLC1 and the second resonant unit LLC2 have the same topology, and the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 and the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 have the same topology.
The current at the input of the circuit is input from the positive pole IN + of the grid input to the first resonance unit LLC1, from the circuit turned on via the first switch K1 to the second resonance unit LLC2 and to the negative pole IN-of the grid input, the first transformer T1 and the second transformer T2 provide a mutual current to the output of the circuit IN the direction of the positive pole OUT + of the grid output through the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1, the circuit turned on via the second switch K2, the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 and the negative pole OUT-of the grid output.
With the dc-dc converter of the topology shown in fig. 1, it is possible to connect two resonant cells in series and two full-bridge rectifiers in series, the input of the circuit having a large input voltage range and the output of the circuit having a large output voltage range, thereby having a high input voltage range and a high output voltage range with respect to a conventional resonant circuit converter.
Fig. 2 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a circuit controlled by a plurality of switches is employed to achieve different connection modes of the resonance circuit part and the full bridge rectifier part. As shown in fig. 2, the dc-dc converter further includes: a third switch K3, a fourth switch K4, a fifth switch K5, and a sixth switch K6. The positive terminal of the first resonance unit LLC1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second resonance unit LLC2 through the third switch K3. The negative terminal of the first resonance unit LLC1 is connected to the negative terminal of the second resonance unit LLC2 via a fourth switch K4. The negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 is connected to the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 through a fifth switch K5. The positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier FUB1 is connected to the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier FUB2 through the sixth switch K6. With the topology shown in fig. 2, the connection relationship between the resonant units and the connection relationship between the full-bridge rectifiers can be controlled by opening and closing different switches, so that the dc-dc converter has four operating modes under the condition of the connection relationship between the different resonant units and the connection relationship between the full-bridge rectifiers. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter operates in different modes, providing different input voltage ranges and output voltage ranges.
Fig. 3 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a first mode of a high input voltage range and a high output voltage range, wherein: the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are closed, and the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5 and the sixth switch K6 are open. In the first mode of the dc-dc converter shown in fig. 3, the resonant circuit part and the full-bridge rectifier part are connected in the same relationship as the dc-dc converter shown in fig. 1, the two resonant cells are connected in series, and the two full-bridge rectifiers are connected in series, the gain of the system is a normal value, but the input terminal of the circuit has a large input voltage range, the output terminal of the circuit has a large output voltage range, the gains of the single resonant cell and the full-bridge rectifiers are substantially unchanged, and the dc-dc converter provides a high input voltage range and a high output voltage range.
Fig. 4 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a second mode of a high input voltage range and a low output voltage range, wherein: the first, fifth and sixth switches K1, K5 and K6 are closed, and the second, third and fourth switches K2, K3 and K4 are open. In the second mode, the gain in the circuit is low. For conventional resonant circuit topologies, to achieve low gain, the switching frequency needs to be very high, which increases the switching frequency range of the elements, making it difficult to obtain the advantage of low power loss of some switching elements. Whereas in the second mode as shown in fig. 4, two resonant cells are connected in series and two full-bridge rectifiers are connected in parallel. The gain of the single resonant unit and the full-bridge rectifier is kept basically unchanged, the switching frequency is limited in a proper range, and the direct current-direct current converter provides a high input voltage range and a low output voltage range through controlling the switch.
Fig. 5 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a third mode of a low input voltage range and a high output voltage range, wherein: the second, third, and fourth switches K2, K3, and K4 are closed, and the first, fifth, and sixth switches K1, K5, and K6 are open. In the third mode, the gain in the circuit is high. For conventional resonant circuit topologies, the control strategy is difficult to set, since at high gain, small changes in switching frequency can result in large changes in voltage gain. While in a third mode as shown in fig. 5, two resonant cells are connected in parallel and two full-bridge rectifiers are connected in series. The system has a simple control strategy for the gain of the single resonant cell and the full bridge rectifier to remain substantially constant, in such a way that the dc-dc converter can be made to provide a low input voltage range and a high output voltage range by controlling the switches.
Fig. 6 is a topology diagram of a dc-dc converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a fourth mode of a normal input voltage range and a normal output voltage range, wherein: the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5 and the sixth switch K6 are closed, and the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are open. In the fourth mode, two resonant cells are connected in parallel and two full-bridge rectifiers are connected in parallel, the input voltage and the output voltage have small fluctuations, and the system has a simple control strategy. In this way, the dc-dc converter can be made to provide a normal input voltage range and a normal output voltage range by controlling the switches.
In the above embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units or modules is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the actual implementation is performed, for example, a plurality of units or modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of modules or units through some interfaces, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units or modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units or modules may or may not be physical units or modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units or modules. Some or all of the units or modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional units or modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit or module, or each unit or module may exist alone physically, or two or more units or modules are integrated into one unit or module. The integrated unit or module may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of a software functional unit or module.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be essentially implemented or all or part of the technical solutions or portions thereof contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
- A dc-dc converter, comprising:a first resonant unit (LLC1), the positive terminal of which is connected to the positive pole of the network input;a second resonant unit (LLC2), the negative terminal of which is connected to the negative of the grid input;a first full-bridge rectifier (FUB1), the positive terminal of which is connected to the positive pole of the power grid output;a second full-bridge rectifier (FUB2), the negative terminal of which is connected to the negative of the grid output;a first transformer (T1) disposed between the first resonant cell and the first full bridge rectifier;a second transformer (T2) disposed between the second resonant cell and the second full-bridge rectifier;a first switch (K1) through which the negative terminal of the first resonant cell is connected with the positive terminal of the second resonant cell; anda second switch (K2), the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier being connected to the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier through the second switch.
- The dc-dc converter according to claim 1, further comprising:a third switch (K3) through which the positive terminal of the first resonant cell is connected with the positive terminal of the second resonant cell;a fourth switch (K4) through which the negative terminal of the first resonant cell is connected with the negative terminal of the second resonant cell;a fifth switch (K5) through which the negative terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the negative terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier; anda sixth switch (K6) through which the positive terminal of the first full-bridge rectifier is connected with the positive terminal of the second full-bridge rectifier.
- The dc-dc converter according to claim 2, wherein the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a first mode in which:the first switch and the second switch are closed, and the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are open.
- The dc-dc converter according to claim 2, wherein the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a second mode in which:the first switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are closed, and the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are open.
- The dc-dc converter according to claim 2, wherein the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a third mode in which:the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch are closed, and the first switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are open.
- The dc-dc converter according to claim 2, wherein the dc-dc converter is configured to operate in a fourth mode in which:the third switch, the fourth switch, the fifth switch, and the sixth switch are closed, and the first switch and the second switch are open.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/079518 WO2020191578A1 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | Dc-dc converter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113474984A true CN113474984A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980092968.2A Pending CN113474984A (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | DC-DC converter |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113474984A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020191578A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112366950A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-12 | 湖南大学 | Electrodeless control series/parallel bidirectional power circuit and control method thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003259643A (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-12 | Orc Mfg Co Ltd | Current resonance type soft switching power circuit |
| CN104410278B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-02-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | DCDC converter |
| CN106160491A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | Wide-voltage range High-current output DC/DC changer |
| CN106655771A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-05-10 | 深圳市航天新源科技有限公司 | Power supply converter suitable for coach powered by hydrogen proton membrane fuel cell |
| CN206611337U (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-11-03 | 湖州旭源电气科技有限公司 | A kind of multistage LLC resonant converter circuit |
-
2019
- 2019-03-25 WO PCT/CN2019/079518 patent/WO2020191578A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-03-25 CN CN201980092968.2A patent/CN113474984A/en active Pending
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