CN113472017A - Variable-speed active control system set for seawater pumped storage unit - Google Patents
Variable-speed active control system set for seawater pumped storage unit Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005441 aurora Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of variable-speed seawater pumped storage control, and particularly relates to a complete set of active control system of a variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, which comprises the following components: s1, designing hardware composition, including main hardware composition structure and function division; and S2, designing a communication scheme, including designing a communication protocol, a communication data format and a communication variable. The invention can realize that the switching time of the control system is less than 10 milliseconds, can realize the rapid control of the active power of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, fills the blank of the domestic variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit complete active control system, and has stronger practicability in the aspect of the active power control of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of variable-speed seawater pumped storage control, and particularly relates to a complete set of active control system of a variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit.
Background
At present, the construction of pumping power stations in China also steps into express lanes, and the construction is developed in the directions of variable speed, high water head and large capacity on the whole. Although the variable-speed pumping and storing unit is built in China, the variable-speed pumping and storing unit faces the situation of large capacity and weak technology, and no domestic commercialized variable-speed pumping and storing unit is put into operation at present. In 2017, Hebei Fengning pumped storage and State grid New Source and control Limited company (national grid Quanzi company) purchased the first large variable speed pumped storage unit in China to Aodi Delitz hydropower company, and the large variable speed pumped storage unit comprises two/set 330/345MVA (generating condition/water pump condition) variable speed water pump turbines, a variable speed generating motor, an alternating current excitation system, a control system, a speed regulator and a relay protection device. There is no complete control system for the variable speed seawater pumped storage unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the fact that no commercial variable-speed pumping and storing unit is put into operation at present in China, and no complete set of control system for active power output of the variable-speed seawater pumping and storing unit is needed in construction projects, the invention provides the active complete set of control system for the variable-speed seawater pumping and storing unit to fill the gap, is suitable for active power output control of the variable-speed seawater pumping and storing unit, and provides a realization means for the variable-speed seawater pumping and storing unit to participate in active power regulation of a power system.
The complete set of active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit is characterized by comprising
The power controller is used for calculating an active output instruction of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit according to a self-adaptive virtual inertia control strategy based on a scheduling instruction and sending the active output instruction to the converter controller; the calculation formula of the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy is shown as the following formula:
in the formula: the delta P is an active increment instruction on the basis of scheduling an active instruction; Δ f is the system frequency deviation; alpha is an adaptive coefficient; kpIs a scale factor; kdIs a differential term coefficient; k1、K2Is an adaptive interval boundary constant; k is an adaptive gain coefficient;
and the converter controller issues driving signals of the switching devices of each bridge arm of the back-rest converter based on the active power output instruction and the start-stop instruction issued by the power controller according to a vector control algorithm and a space vector pulse width modulation algorithm.
In the complete active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, the power controller processor is a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) suitable for parallel operation and high-speed communication, the specific model is xc7k325t-2ffg900 manufactured by xilinx, and the external communication interface is an optical module (SFP) for optical fiber communication.
In the above-mentioned variable speed seawater pumped storage unit complete set of active control system, the communication protocol and communication variable between each hardware of the control system include
S3-1, controlling the communication protocol between each main hardware of the system; a communication protocol such as an Aurora protocol, which needs to adopt low delay, high bandwidth, full duplex, flexible framing, less occupation of logic resources, built-in flow control and hot plug support, is specifically as follows:
(1) aurora 8b10b protocol
(2) Bandwidth (Lane Width):4bytes
(3) Line Rate (Line Rate) 2Gbps
(4) Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) using CRC32 of the IEEE 802.3 standard, the polynomial function is 0x04C11DB 7;
s3-2, designing a communication data format among main hardware of the control system; in order to meet the variable requirement of controlling the active output of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, the maximum transmission and reception of 64 effective data of 32bits between main hardware of the control system is specified;
s3-3, controlling communication variables among main hardware of the system;
the variables fed back to the converter controller by the physical unit or the simulator are mainly 4 types:
(1) DI variable, mainly the on-off state data of each breaker and switch in the unit, the on-off state of each switch occupies a bit;
(2) the AD variable refers to analog quantity data such as voltage and current of each sampling position in the unit, and is sent to the converter controller for control calculation;
(3) the ST variable refers to state feedback of switching devices in the three-level converter, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
(4) the VC-ST variable refers to the state feedback of switching devices for realizing chopping and crowbar functions in the system, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
the converter controller has 3 kinds of control variables sent to the material unit or the simulator:
(1) the DO variable is used for controlling the opening and closing of a breaker and a switch of the unit;
(2) the FC variable is used for driving a switching device in a bridge arm of the converter and represents PWM driving pulse of the switching device;
(3) VC variable refers to state feedback of switching devices for realizing functions of chopping and crowing in a system, wherein the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
the converter operation state variables fed back to the power controller by the converter controller mainly comprise 4 types:
(1) the running states of the grid-side converter and the machine-side converter are fed back;
(2) sampling monitoring data such as system voltage and current;
(3) state data of a bridge arm switching device of the converter;
(4) the state of the switching devices of the chopper and crowbar;
the control instruction issued by the power controller to the converter controller is divided into 2 types of commands and parameters.
In the complete active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, when the scheduling command received by the power controller changes, the time for the control system to integrally complete the calculation of the related command is less than 10 milliseconds.
The invention can realize that the switching time of the control system is less than 10 milliseconds, can realize the rapid control of the active power of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, fills the blank of the domestic variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit complete active control system, and has stronger practicability in the aspect of the active power control of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware composition structure of a complete active control system of a variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reference test scheme for response speed of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a test result (time scale in seconds) for the response speed of the present invention under the reference test scheme.
Fig. 4 is a test result (microsecond timescale) for the response speed of the present invention under a reference test scheme.
Detailed Description
The complete active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit comprises the following steps:
s1, designing hardware composition;
s2, designing a communication scheme;
preferably, the step S1 specifically includes:
s1-1, designing a control system, wherein the main hardware composition and function division comprises a power controller and a converter controller, wherein: and the power controller is responsible for calculating an active output instruction of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit based on the scheduling instruction according to the self-adaptive virtual inertia control strategy and sending the active output instruction to the converter controller. The calculation formula of the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy is shown as the following formula:
in the formula: the delta P is an active increment instruction on the basis of scheduling an active instruction; Δ f is the system frequency deviation; alpha is an adaptive coefficient; kpIs a scale factor; kdIs a differential term coefficient; k1、K2Is an adaptive interval boundary constant; k is an adaptive gain coefficient.
The converter controller issues driving signals of the switching devices of the bridge arms of the back-rest converter based on an active power output instruction and a starting and stopping instruction issued by the power controller according to a vector control algorithm and a space vector pulse width modulation algorithm. The schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the complete active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit is shown in the attached figure 1;
and S1-2, designing a hardware structure of the power controller, including device type selection and circuit design. The power controller processor selects a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) suitable for parallel operation and high-speed communication, the specific model is xc7k325t-2ffg900 produced by Xilinx company, and the external communication interface selects an optical module (SFP) for optical fiber communication;
preferably, the step S2 specifically includes:
s2-1, designing a communication protocol between main hardware of the control system. A communication protocol such as an Aurora protocol, which needs to adopt low delay, high bandwidth, full duplex, flexible framing, less occupation of logic resources, built-in flow control and hot plug support, is specifically as follows:
(1) aurora 8b10b protocol
(2) Bandwidth (Lane Width):4bytes
(3) Line Rate (Line Rate) 2Gbps
(4) Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) CRC32 using the IEEE 802.3 standard, the polynomial function is 0x04C11DB 7.
S2-2, designing a communication data format between main hardware of the control system. In order to meet the variable requirement of controlling the active output of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, the maximum transmission and reception of 64 effective data of 32bits between main hardware of the control system is regulated.
S2-3, designing communication variables among main hardware of the control system.
The variables fed back to the converter controller by the physical unit or the simulator are mainly 4 types:
(1) the DI variable is mainly opening and closing state data of each breaker and each switch in the unit, and the opening and closing state of each switch occupies one bit.
(2) And the AD variable refers to analog quantity data such as voltage and current of each sampling position in the unit and the like, and is sent to the converter controller for control calculation.
(3) The ST variable refers to the state feedback of the switching devices in the three-level converter, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit. The ST variables are shown in the following table and the following figures.
State feedback ST variable content of converter bridge arm switching device
(4) The VC-ST variable refers to the state feedback of switching devices for realizing chopping and crowbar functions in a system, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit. The contents of the VC-ST variables are shown in the following table and the following figure.
VC-ST variable content fed back by state of switch device of direct-current chopping and crowbar unit
The variable table fed back to the converter controller by the real unit or the simulator is shown in the following table:
the converter controller mainly has 3 kinds of control variables sent to the material object unit or the simulator:
(1) and the DO variable is used for controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker and the switch of the unit.
(2) The FC variable, used to drive the switching devices in the converter legs, represents the PWM drive pulses of the switching devices. The FC variable content is shown in the table below and below.
Data content of bridge arm trigger pulse FC of three-level converter
(3) The VC variable refers to the state feedback of switching devices for realizing functions of chopping and crowbar in the system, the state of each switching device occupies 1bit, and the content of the VC variable controlled by chopping and crowbar of the three-level converter is shown in the following table and the following graph
VC data content controlled by chopping and crowbar of three-level converter
The control variable table sent by the converter controller to the real object unit or the simulator is shown as the following table:
the converter operation state variables fed back to the power controller by the converter controller mainly comprise 4 types:
(1) and the running state of the grid-side converter and the machine-side converter is fed back.
(2) And sampling monitoring data such as system voltage and current.
(3) And state data of the bridge arm switching devices of the converter.
(4) The status of the switching devices of the chop and crow bars.
The converter operation state variable table fed back to the power controller by the converter controller is shown as the following table:
control instructions issued by the power controller to the converter controller are divided into commands and parameters 2 (1) command types, wherein the command types comprise unit start-stop commands, operation mode commands and the like;
(2) the parameter class comprises a set value of the unit active power, a set value of the unit rotating speed and the like.
The variable table issued by the power controller to the converter controller is shown in the following table:
preferably, the step S3 specifically includes:
when the scheduling command received by the power controller is changed, the time for the control system to complete the calculation of the related command is less than 10 milliseconds. Specific reference test protocols and test results are as follows:
the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit is simulated by adopting an OP5700 simulator, and the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit is connected with the OP5700 to control the active power of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit.
A schematic of the test protocol is shown in figure 2. The active instruction of the variable-speed pumped storage unit generates a step change, and simultaneously generates an active instruction change Flag signal Flag _0 from 0 to 1, the active instruction change Flag signal Flag _0 is output to an oscilloscope simulation channel 1 (yellow signals in figures 3 and 4) through OP5700, the strong power controller generates a Flag signal Flag _1 from 0 to 1 after receiving the active instruction change and completing the power instruction calculation, then the Flag _1 is simultaneously sent to the OP5700 and a converter controller, the OP5700 outputs the Flag _1 to an oscilloscope simulation channel 2 (green signals in figures 3 and 4), the converter controller takes the Flag _1 as a time Flag for starting calculation, generates a Flag signal Flag _2 from 0 to 1 after the next calculation is completed, then the Flag _2 is sent to the OP5700 and then is output to an oscilloscope simulation channel 3 (purple signals in figures 3 and 4), therefore, the time interval between the analog channel 1(Flag _0) and the analog channel 3(Flag _2) in the oscilloscope, which is changed from 0 to 1 in a step change, is the switching time of the control system. The simulation channel 4 (pink) in fig. 3 and 4 is the active power of the variable-speed pump storage unit, and reflects the response of the active power of the unit to the control instruction.
According to the attached drawing 3, it can be observed that the active output of the variable-speed pumped storage unit starts to change after the active instruction of the variable-speed pumped storage unit changes in step, the transition process is about 8 seconds, and according to the attached drawing 4, the switching time of the control system is about 450 microseconds and less than 10 milliseconds.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive faculty, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, and those skilled in the art and related fields can also fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The complete set of active control system of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit is characterized by comprising
The power controller is used for calculating an active output instruction of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit according to a self-adaptive virtual inertia control strategy based on a scheduling instruction and sending the active output instruction to the converter controller; the calculation formula of the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy is shown as the following formula:
in the formula: the delta P is an active increment instruction on the basis of scheduling an active instruction; Δ f is the system frequency deviation; alpha is an adaptive coefficient; kpIs a scale factor; kdIs a differential term coefficient; k1、K2Is an adaptive interval boundary constant; k is an adaptive gain coefficient;
and the converter controller issues driving signals of the switching devices of each bridge arm of the back-rest converter based on the active power output instruction and the start-stop instruction issued by the power controller according to a vector control algorithm and a space vector pulse width modulation algorithm.
2. The variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit complete active control system according to claim 1, wherein the power controller processor is a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) suitable for parallel operation and high-speed communication, the specific model is xc7k325t-2ffg900 manufactured by xilinx corporation, and the peripheral communication interface is an optical module (SFP) for optical fiber communication.
3. The active control system set of variable speed seawater pumped-storage unit set of claim 1, wherein the communication protocol and communication variables between the hardware of the control system comprise
S3-1, controlling the communication protocol between each main hardware of the system; a communication protocol such as an Aurora protocol, which needs to adopt low delay, high bandwidth, full duplex, flexible framing, less occupation of logic resources, built-in flow control and hot plug support, is specifically as follows:
(1) aurora 8b10b protocol
(2) Bandwidth (Lane Width):4bytes
(3) Line Rate (Line Rate) 2Gbps
(4) Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) using CRC32 of the IEEE 802.3 standard, the polynomial function is 0x04C11DB 7;
s3-2, designing a communication data format among main hardware of the control system; in order to meet the variable requirement of controlling the active output of the variable-speed seawater pumped storage unit, the maximum transmission and reception of 64 effective data of 32bits between main hardware of the control system is specified;
s3-3, controlling communication variables among main hardware of the system;
the variables fed back to the converter controller by the physical unit or the simulator are mainly 4 types:
(1) DI variable, mainly the on-off state data of each breaker and switch in the unit, the on-off state of each switch occupies a bit;
(2) the AD variable refers to analog quantity data such as voltage and current of each sampling position in the unit, and is sent to the converter controller for control calculation;
(3) the ST variable refers to state feedback of switching devices in the three-level converter, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
(4) the VC-ST variable refers to the state feedback of switching devices for realizing chopping and crowbar functions in the system, and the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
the converter controller has 3 kinds of control variables sent to the material unit or the simulator:
(1) the DO variable is used for controlling the opening and closing of a breaker and a switch of the unit;
(2) the FC variable is used for driving a switching device in a bridge arm of the converter and represents PWM driving pulse of the switching device;
(3) VC variable refers to state feedback of switching devices for realizing functions of chopping and crowing in a system, wherein the state of each switching device occupies 1 bit;
the converter operation state variables fed back to the power controller by the converter controller mainly comprise 4 types:
(1) the running states of the grid-side converter and the machine-side converter are fed back;
(2) sampling monitoring data such as system voltage and current;
(3) state data of a bridge arm switching device of the converter;
(4) the state of the switching devices of the chopper and crowbar;
the control instruction issued by the power controller to the converter controller is divided into 2 types of commands and parameters.
4. The active control system set of variable speed seawater pumped-storage units of claim 1, wherein when the dispatching command received by the power controller is changed, the time for the control system to complete the calculation of the relevant command is less than 10 milliseconds.
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Cited By (1)
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