CN113471468A - Metal bipolar plate and air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Metal bipolar plate and air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113471468A CN113471468A CN202010246170.3A CN202010246170A CN113471468A CN 113471468 A CN113471468 A CN 113471468A CN 202010246170 A CN202010246170 A CN 202010246170A CN 113471468 A CN113471468 A CN 113471468A
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- fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
- H01M8/1006—Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are stacked up and down, wherein the middle section of the cathode plate is of a staggered corrugated plate structure, the two opposite ends of a group of the cathode plate are provided with inlet and outlet structures, the staggered corrugated plate structure comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units which are arranged in parallel, each groove of each corrugated strip unit forms a gas channel, meanwhile, each corrugated strip unit is divided into an odd-number row unit and an even-number row unit, the gas channels of all the odd-number row units are arranged correspondingly, the gas channels of all the even-number row units are arranged correspondingly, and the gas channels of the odd-number row unit and the gas channels of the even-number row unit are arranged partially in an overlapping way. Compared with the prior art, the invention can disturb the airflow of an open air flow field, promote the gas diffusion in the cathode side gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode and obviously improve the overall performance and specific power density of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a metal bipolar plate and an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
An air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a power generation device which directly uses ambient air as a coolant and an oxidant and directly converts chemical energy between the fuel and the oxidant into electric energy. Compared with a water-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the air-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell directly adopts ambient air for providing an oxidant as a coolant, and a coolant flow field is not required to be additionally designed, so that the structure of the bipolar plate is greatly simplified, peripheral auxiliary equipment such as heat dissipation equipment and the like for running the galvanic pile are also simplified, and the weight of the whole set of power generation device is greatly reduced.
The bipolar plate material adopted by the existing air-cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell mainly comprises graphite and metal. Compared with the graphite bipolar plate, the metal bipolar plate formed by stamping the metal sheet has lighter weight and higher strength, thereby reducing the weight of the whole set of power generation device and having wider and wider application. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN102683716B discloses a bipolar plate membrane electrode assembly, which is a typical graphite material bipolar plate structure; for example, chinese patent publication No. CN101123313B discloses a metal bipolar plate of a fuel cell and a fuel cell including the metal bipolar plate, which are typical metal material bipolar plate structures.
It is known from the above patent that the gas flow channels on the bipolar plate are flat and straight, either typical graphite bipolar plates or typical metal bipolar plates, resulting in a low degree of gas diffusion in the gas diffusion layer, which affects the performance and specific power density of the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a metal bipolar plate and an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a metal bipolar plate for air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are stacked up and down, it is characterized in that the middle section of the negative plate is of a staggered corrugated plate structure, inlet and outlet structures are arranged at two opposite ends of a group of the negative plate, the staggered corrugated plate structure comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units which are arranged in parallel, the corrugated strip units are parallel to the side edges of the end parts of the cathode plate, which are provided with the inlet and outlet structures, each groove of the corrugated strip units forms a gas channel, meanwhile, the corrugated strip units are divided into odd-numbered row units and even-numbered row units, the positions of the gas channels of all the odd-numbered row units are arranged correspondingly, the positions of the gas channels of all the even-numbered row units are arranged correspondingly, and the gas channels of the odd-numbered row units and the gas channels of the even-numbered row units are arranged in a partially overlapped mode at the opposite positions.
The utility model provides a metal bipolar plate for air cooling proton exchange membrane fuel cell, includes anode plate and the negative plate that stacks up the setting from top to bottom, the negative plate middle section for crisscross corrugated plate structure, a set of relative both ends are equipped with exit structure on the negative plate, crisscross corrugated plate structure include multirow parallel arrangement's corrugated strip unit, the corrugated strip unit be on a parallel with the negative plate on not set up the tip side of exit structure, every slot formation gas passage of corrugated strip unit, simultaneously, the corrugated strip unit be divided into odd number row unit and even number row unit, the gas passage position of all odd number row units corresponds the setting mutually, the gas passage position of all even number row units corresponds the setting mutually, has the partial overlap setting on the gas passage relative position of odd number row unit and even number row unit.
Furthermore, the overlapping area of the gas channels of the odd-numbered rows of units and the gas channels of the even-numbered rows of units in the relative position is 1/4-3/4 of the cross section of the gas channels.
Further, the groove pitch of each groove in the corrugated strip unit is equal.
Furthermore, the corrugated strip unit is a metal ribbon board with a triangular wave structure, a trapezoidal wave structure, an arc wave structure or a square wave structure.
Furthermore, the staggered corrugated plate structure is manufactured in an integrated mode.
Furthermore, a group of opposite two ends of the anode plate are respectively provided with a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, and the middle section is provided with a fuel flow channel groove communicated with the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet.
An air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a membrane electrode and a metal bipolar plate used for the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell, wherein the membrane electrode is packaged between two adjacent metal bipolar plates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the staggered corrugated plate structure is arranged on the cathode plate, so that in an open air flow field formed by all gas channels in the staggered corrugated plates, air can be staggered in different gas channels of odd-number rows of units and even-number rows of units, and the airflow of the open air flow field is disturbed, thereby improving the gas mixing degree, promoting the gas diffusion in a cathode side gas diffusion layer of the membrane electrode, improving the effective area of the membrane electrode in the actual operation process of the pile, and obviously improving the overall performance and specific power density of the fuel cell.
2. The invention has simple structure, convenient modification, low cost and high application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of another angle in the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the second embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the second embodiment at another angle.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the second embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1. the fuel cell comprises a cathode plate, 11, a corrugated strip unit, 11a, an odd row unit, 11b, an even row unit, 12, a gas channel, 2, an anode plate, 21, a fuel inlet and outlet, 22 and a fuel flow channel groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled pem fuel cell. The metal bipolar plate has an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is a cathode plate 1 made of a metal sheet, and the lower layer is an anode plate 2 made of a metal sheet. Wherein: the two ends of the anode plate 2 are respectively provided with a fuel inlet and outlet 21, and the middle section of the anode plate 2 is a fuel flow channel groove 22 communicated with the fuel inlet and outlet 21. The two ends of the cathode plate 1 are also provided with an inlet and outlet structure (not shown in the figure), and the inlet and outlet structure of the cathode plate 1 and the fuel inlet and outlet 21 of the anode plate 2 are installed in a matching manner to form a sealing mechanism for ensuring the transportation and sealing of fuel. The middle section of the cathode plate 1 is of a staggered corrugated plate structure.
The corrugated plate structure is manufactured in one piece and comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units 11 arranged in parallel. The corrugated strip unit 11 is parallel to the end side of the cathode plate 1 provided with the inlet and outlet structure. The structure of each of the corrugated strip units 11 is the same. The corrugated strip unit 11 may generally adopt a metal strip plate with a triangular wave structure, a trapezoidal wave structure, an arc wave structure, or a square wave structure, and the square wave structure is adopted in this embodiment. Each groove on each corrugated strip unit 11 forms one gas passage 12, and the groove pitch of each groove is equal. The corrugated strip unit 11 is divided into odd-numbered line units 11a and even-numbered line units 11 b. In fig. 3, the dashed dotted line indicates odd-numbered line 11a, and the dotted line indicates even-numbered line 11 b. The odd-row units 11a and the even-row units 11b are closely distributed in a staggered manner; the gas passages 12 of all the odd-numbered rows of units 11a are arranged in positions corresponding to each other; the gas passages 12 of all the even-numbered rows of units 11b are arranged in positions corresponding to each other; the gas passages 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the gas passages 12 of the even-numbered row units 11b have a partially overlapping arrangement in their relative positions.
The overlapping area of the relative positions of the gas passages 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the gas passages 12 of the even-numbered row units 11b can be set arbitrarily, and the overlapping area is 1/4-3/4 of the section of each gas passage 12. In this embodiment, an overlapping area setting of 1/2 is adopted.
When the metal bipolar plate is mounted in a fuel cell, the upper cathode plate 1 and a membrane electrode of the fuel cell, as well as other components of the fuel cell, form an open air flow field, and external air enters the air flow field through one end of the corrugated strip unit 11, as indicated by long arrows a in fig. 2. The anode plate 2 and the membrane electrode at the lower layer and other components of the fuel cell form a closed fuel flow field, and react with the membrane electrode to convert energy. The fuel may be, without limitation, high purity hydrogen, reformed hydrogen, methanol, or the like.
With the above-described structure, air entering from the cathode plate 11 side (long arrow a) can be made to stagger in the different gas channels 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the even-numbered row units 11b, disturbing the flow of the open air flow field. The direction of the airflow is shown by the short arrows B in fig. 2. Therefore, the gas mixing degree is improved, the gas diffusion in the gas diffusion layer at the cathode side of the membrane electrode is promoted, the effective area of the membrane electrode in the actual operation process of the electric pile is increased, and the integral performance and the specific power density of the fuel cell are obviously improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment provides a metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled pem fuel cell. The metal bipolar plate has an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer is a cathode plate 1 made of a metal sheet, and the lower layer is an anode plate 2 made of a metal sheet. Wherein: the two ends of the anode plate 2 are respectively provided with a fuel inlet and outlet 21, and the middle section of the anode plate 2 is a fuel flow channel groove 22 communicated with the fuel inlet and outlet 21. The two ends of the cathode plate 1 are also provided with an inlet and outlet structure (not shown in the figure), and the inlet and outlet structure of the cathode plate 1 and the fuel inlet and outlet 21 of the anode plate 2 are installed in a matching manner to form a sealing mechanism for ensuring the transportation and sealing of fuel. The middle section of the cathode plate 1 is of a staggered corrugated plate structure.
The corrugated plate structure is manufactured in one piece and comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units 11 arranged in parallel. The corrugated strip unit 11 is parallel to the side edge of the end part of the cathode plate 1 which is not provided with an inlet and outlet structure. The structure of each of the corrugated strip units 11 is the same. The corrugated strip unit 11 may generally adopt a metal strip plate with a triangular wave structure, a trapezoidal wave structure, an arc wave structure, or a square wave structure, and the square wave structure is adopted in this embodiment. Each groove on each corrugated strip unit 11 forms one gas passage 12, and the groove pitch of each groove is equal. The corrugated strip unit 11 is divided into odd-numbered line units 11a and even-numbered line units 11 b. In fig. 5, the dashed dotted line indicates odd-numbered line 11a, and the dotted line indicates even-numbered line 11 b. The odd-row units 11a and the even-row units 11b are closely distributed in a staggered manner; the gas passages 12 of all the odd-numbered rows of units 11a are arranged in positions corresponding to each other; the gas passages 12 of all the even-numbered rows of units 11b are arranged in positions corresponding to each other; the gas passages 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the gas passages 12 of the even-numbered row units 11b have a partially overlapping arrangement in their relative positions.
The overlapping area of the relative positions of the gas passages 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the gas passages 12 of the even-numbered row units 11b can be set arbitrarily, and the overlapping area is 1/4-3/4 of the section of each gas passage 12. In this embodiment, an overlapping area setting of 1/2 is adopted.
When the metal bipolar plate is mounted in a fuel cell, the upper cathode plate 1 and the membrane electrode of the fuel cell, as well as other components of the fuel cell, form an open air flow field, and external air enters the air flow field through the gas channels 12 of the corrugated strip unit 11, as indicated by long arrows C in fig. 2. The anode plate 2 and the membrane electrode at the lower layer and other components of the fuel cell form a closed fuel flow field, and react with the membrane electrode to convert energy. The fuel may be, without limitation, high purity hydrogen, reformed hydrogen, methanol, or the like.
With the above-described structure, the air entering from the cathode plate 11 side (long arrow C) can be made to stagger in the different gas channels 12 of the odd-numbered row units 11a and the even-numbered row units 11b, disturbing the flow of the open air flow field. The direction of the airflow is shown by the short arrows D in fig. 2. Therefore, the gas mixing degree is improved, the gas diffusion in the gas diffusion layer at the cathode side of the membrane electrode is promoted, the effective area of the membrane electrode in the actual operation process of the electric pile is increased, and the integral performance and the specific power density of the fuel cell are obviously improved.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises an anode plate (2) and a cathode plate (1) which are stacked up from top to bottom, and is characterized in that the middle section of the cathode plate (1) is of a staggered corrugated plate structure, inlet and outlet structures are arranged at two opposite ends of the cathode plate (1), the staggered corrugated plate structure comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units (11) which are arranged in parallel, the corrugated strip units (11) are parallel to the end side edges of the inlet and outlet structures arranged on the cathode plate (1), each groove of each corrugated strip unit (11) forms a gas channel (12), meanwhile, the corrugated strip units (11) are divided into odd-number row units (11a) and even-number row units (11b), the gas channels (12) of all odd-number row units (11a) are arranged in a corresponding mode, and the gas channels (12) of all even-number row units (11b) are arranged in a corresponding mode, the gas channels (12) of the odd-numbered row units (11a) and the gas channels (12) of the even-numbered row units (11b) are arranged in a manner of being partially overlapped in relative positions.
2. A metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises an anode plate (2) and a cathode plate (1) which are stacked up from top to bottom, and is characterized in that the middle section of the cathode plate (1) is of a staggered corrugated plate structure, inlet and outlet structures are arranged at two opposite ends of the cathode plate (1), the staggered corrugated plate structure comprises a plurality of rows of corrugated strip units (11) which are arranged in parallel, the corrugated strip units (11) are parallel to the end side edges of the cathode plate (1) without an inlet and outlet structure, each groove of each corrugated strip unit (11) forms a gas channel (12), meanwhile, the corrugated strip units (11) are divided into odd-number row units (11a) and even-number row units (11b), the positions of the gas channels (12) of all the odd-number row units (11a) are arranged corresponding to each other, and the positions of the gas channels (12) of all the even-number row units (11b) are arranged corresponding to each other, the gas channels (12) of the odd-numbered row units (11a) and the gas channels (12) of the even-numbered row units (11b) are arranged in a manner of being partially overlapped in relative positions.
3. The metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled PEM fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the gas channels (12) of the odd-numbered rows of cells (11a) and the gas channels (12) of the even-numbered rows of cells (11b) overlap each other in the relative position thereof in an area of 1/4-3/4 of the cross section of the gas channels (12).
4. The metallic bipolar plate for air-cooled pem fuel cells according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the groove pitch of each groove in the corrugated strip unit (11) is equal.
5. The metal bipolar plate for air-cooled pem fuel cells according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said corrugated strip units (11) are metal strips of triangular, trapezoidal, circular or square wave configuration.
6. The metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled pem fuel cell of claim 1 or 2 wherein said staggered corrugated plate structure is integrally formed.
7. The metal bipolar plate for an air-cooled pem fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a set of opposite ends of the anode plate (2) are respectively provided with a fuel inlet/outlet (21), and the middle section is provided with a fuel flow channel groove (22) communicated with the fuel inlet/outlet (21).
8. An air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is characterized by comprising a membrane electrode and the metal bipolar plate for the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the membrane electrode is packaged between two adjacent metal bipolar plates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010246170.3A CN113471468A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Metal bipolar plate and air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010246170.3A CN113471468A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Metal bipolar plate and air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113471468A true CN113471468A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
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| CN202010246170.3A Pending CN113471468A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Metal bipolar plate and air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114695912A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-01 | 季华实验室 | Flow field runner, bipolar plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010246170.3A patent/CN113471468A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114695912A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-01 | 季华实验室 | Flow field runner, bipolar plate and proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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