CN113471416A - Nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material, which comprises the following steps of: s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, a sulfur source, a nitrogen source, a boron source and a dispersing agent into water, and heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; s2, filtering the mixed solution, and drying the obtained filter cake at high temperature to obtain precursor powder; s3, calcining the precursor powder in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel; and S4, mixing and grinding the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel and sublimed sulfur uniformly, and sintering in an air atmosphere to obtain the carbon aerogel. The invention also discloses a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material and application thereof as a lithium-sulfur battery anode material. The preparation method is simple and convenient to regulate, and the prepared material can effectively solve the problems of shuttle effect, volume expansion and the like of the lithium-sulfur battery and improve the electrochemical performance of the lithium-sulfur battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery materials, in particular to a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the national emphasis on new energy, various people develop environmentally friendly batteries with high energy density. As a very potential battery, the lithium-sulfur battery has a theoretical gram capacity of 1675mAh and enters the eye curtains of people in various fields. And the elemental sulfur has the advantages of wide source, no toxicity, no harm, low price, environmental friendliness and the like. Although lithium-sulfur batteries have these advantages, their disadvantages are not negligible. Elemental sulfur has low conductivity and cannot be directly used as a positive electrode material; the sulfur electrode has larger volume change in the circulation process, and the circulation life of the battery is influenced; polysulfide can be generated in the charging and discharging processes, so that a shuttle effect is caused, the utilization rate of an active material is reduced, and the electrochemical characteristics of the lithium-sulfur battery are influenced.
In response to the above-mentioned problems, experts have conducted intensive research and analysis. At present, many scholars adopt a form of compounding carbon materials and sulfur to form a positive electrode material. The carbon material has high conductivity and a porous structure, and the interconnected porous structure can fix elemental sulfur and polysulfide, but the physical adsorption capacity is weak, so that the shuttle effect cannot be effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material, a preparation method thereof and application of the composite material as a lithium-sulfur battery anode material. Carbon aerogel has big specific surface area and micropore interconnected structure, can the physisorption polysulfide, and the nitrogen sulfur boron codope can provide multiple functional group simultaneously and carry out the chemisorption polysulfide, effectively reduces shuttle effect.
The invention provides a preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, a sulfur source, a nitrogen source, a boron source and a dispersing agent into water, and heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, and drying the obtained filter cake at high temperature to obtain precursor powder;
s3, calcining the precursor powder in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
and S4, mixing and grinding the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel and sublimed sulfur uniformly, and sintering in an air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
Preferably, the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: 1.5-2.5; the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the sulfur source, the nitrogen source, the boron source and the dispersing agent is 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.4): (0.05-0.2): (0.005-0.01).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel to the sublimed sulfur is 1: (1.5-2.5).
Preferably, in the step S1, the heating and stirring temperature is 60 to 90 ℃, and the heating and stirring time is 24 to 36 hours.
Preferably, in the step S2, the high-temperature drying temperature is 90 to 120 ℃, and the high-temperature drying time is 12 to 24 hours.
Preferably, in the step S3, the calcination temperature is 800 to 1000 ℃, and the calcination time is 2 to 3 hours.
Preferably, in the step S4, the sintering temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the sintering time is 10-16 h.
Preferably, the sulfur source is thiourea, dodecanethiol, or a combination thereof; the nitrogen source is melamine, urea or a combination thereof; the boron source is boric acid, borax or a combination thereof; the dispersant is at least one of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
A nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material is prepared by the preparation method.
The nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material is applied as a lithium-sulfur battery anode material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur composite material is prepared by adopting an in-situ method, and is combined with elemental sulfur by a melting diffusion method to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur composite material. The method belongs to in-situ doping, is simple to operate and is suitable for large-scale actual production.
The nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material obtained by the method has high porosity and large specific surface area, the pore diameter is concentrated in 3-4 nm, and the pore diameter can be adjusted by changing the raw material ratio, the calcination temperature and the like. The material has rich pore structure, can effectively contain and adsorb elemental sulfur and polysulfide, and the doping of nitrogen sulfur boron non-metallic elements chemically adsorbs the polysulfide through nitrogen sulfur boron functional groups on the surface of the material, so that the shuttle effect is further reduced, and the cycle life and the rate capability of the lithium sulfur battery are improved; the material has small crystal particle size, nitrogen, sulfur and boron are uniformly dispersed in the carbon aerogel material, the effect of co-doping elements can be fully exerted, the energy level of adjacent C atoms is changed under the synergistic effect of the three elements of nitrogen, sulfur and boron, the activity of the material is increased, and the conductivity of the material is improved, so that the cycle life and the rate performance of the lithium-sulfur battery are improved. The nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material prepared by the invention is of a quasi-spherical structure, so that the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the material is applied to a lithium-sulfur battery and still maintains a stable structure after multiple charging and discharging processes, so that the cycle life of the lithium-sulfur battery is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a result of a cycle stability performance test of a battery made of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material prepared in example 1 at 0.2C.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, thiourea, melamine, boric acid and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the formaldehyde is 1: 2, the mol ratio of the resorcinol to the thiourea, the melamine, the boric acid and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 1: 0.1: 0.1: 0.05: 0.005, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 90 ℃ for 24h to obtain reddish brown precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 3 hours at 800 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1.5, placing the mixture into a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, then placing the mixture into a high-pressure kettle, and sintering the mixture for 16 hours at 160 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
Fig. 1 is an SEM image of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material prepared in example 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the carbon aerogel has a rich pore structure and is interconnected into a three-dimensional network system. The nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped modified carbon aerogel material has a stable framework structure and rich micropores, a large amount of electrolyte can be contained in the micropores, an ion transmission channel is provided, rapid diffusion of ions is realized, the problem of volume expansion caused in the charging and discharging process is solved, and the porous structure can physically adsorb sulfur and polysulfide to inhibit a shuttle effect; the conductivity of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped modified material is increased, and meanwhile, the nitrogen-sulfur-boron functional groups on the surface of the material can chemically adsorb sulfur and polysulfide, so that the shuttle effect is further improved, and the electrochemical performance and the cycling stability of the material are effectively improved.
The prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material is used as a positive electrode material to prepare the lithium ion battery, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: weighing nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material, acetylene black and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the weight ratio of 8:1:1, mixing, and putting the mixture in a mortar for grinding for half an hour until the mixture is uniform. And then, dropwise adding N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone into the mixture, continuously grinding to form uniform slurry, coating the uniform slurry on an aluminum foil to prepare a positive plate, wherein the negative plate is a metal lithium plate, the electrolyte is 1mol/LLITFSI/DOL-DME (1:1), and the diaphragm is polypropylene, thus assembling the simulated lithium ion battery.
Fig. 2 shows the result of the cycle stability performance test of the battery made of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material prepared in example 1 at 0.2C. As can be seen from figure 2, the material has advantages in cycle life and specific capacity, and the first discharge specific capacity of the battery manufactured by the material is 1256mAh/g at the rate of 0.2C, and the specific capacity of the battery is maintained at 1134mAh/g after 100 cycles.
Example 2
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, dodecyl mercaptan, melamine, borax and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into deionized water, heating and stirring at 70 ℃ for 32 hours to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: 1.5, the mol ratio of resorcinol to dodecyl mercaptan, melamine, borax and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is 1: 0.2: 0.2: 0.1: 0.006, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 95 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain reddish brown precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at 850 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1.8, placing the mixture in a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, then placing the mixture in a high-pressure kettle, and sintering the mixture for 12 hours at 170 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The lithium ion battery is prepared by taking the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 1.
Tests show that the first discharge specific capacity of the battery made of the prepared material is 1225mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 1098 mAh/g.
Example 3
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, thiourea, urea, borax and sodium dodecyl sulfate into deionized water, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 28h to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: 2, the mol ratio of resorcinol to thiourea, urea, borax and sodium dodecyl sulfate is 1: 0.3: 0.3: 0.15: 0.007, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 100 ℃ for 16h to obtain precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at 900 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, placing the mixture in a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and sintering the mixture for 10 hours at 175 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The lithium ion battery is prepared by taking the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 1.
Tests prove that the battery made of the prepared material has the first discharge specific capacity of 1324mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 1173 mAh/g.
Example 4
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, thiourea, melamine, boric acid and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, heating and stirring at 90 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the formaldehyde is 1: 2, the mol ratio of the resorcinol to the thiourea, the melamine, the boric acid and the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 1: 0.4: 0.3: 0.15: 0.008, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 110 ℃ for 14h to obtain precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 2.5 hours at 950 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.2 placing the mixture in a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and sintering the mixture for 12 hours at 180 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The lithium ion battery is prepared by taking the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 1.
Tests show that the first discharge specific capacity of the battery made of the prepared material is 1357mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 1176 mAh/g.
Example 5
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, dodecyl mercaptan, melamine, boric acid and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into deionized water, heating and stirring at 90 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: 2.5, the molar ratio of resorcinol to dodecanethiol, melamine, boric acid and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is 1: 0.5: 0.4: 0.2: 0.01, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 120 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 3 hours at 1000 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5 placing the mixture into a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and sintering the mixture for 12 hours at 180 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The lithium ion battery is prepared by taking the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 1.
Tests prove that the first discharge specific capacity of the battery made of the prepared material is 1338mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 1142 mAh/g.
Example 6
A preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, thiourea, urea, boric acid and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into deionized water, heating and stirring at 85 ℃ for 30h to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: 1.5, the molar ratio of resorcinol to thiourea, urea, boric acid and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is 1: 0.5: 0.1: 0.1: 0.006, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 90 ℃ for 24h to obtain precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 3 hours at 900 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel with sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, placing the mixture in a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and sintering the mixture for 12 hours at 170 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The lithium ion battery is prepared by taking the prepared nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material, and the specific steps are the same as those in example 1.
Tests show that the battery made of the prepared material has the first discharge specific capacity of 1305mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 1083 mAh/g.
Comparative example
A preparation method of a carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into deionized water, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the formaldehyde is 1: 2, the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 1: 0.005, the mass ratio of the resorcinol to the water is 1: 20;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, putting the obtained filter cake into an oven, and drying at a high temperature of 90 ℃ for 24h to obtain precursor powder;
s3, loading the precursor powder into a small ceramic boat, placing the small ceramic boat in a tube furnace, calcining for 3 hours at 800 ℃ in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain carbon aerogel;
s4, mixing the carbon aerogel with the sublimed sulfur according to the mass ratio of 1: and 1.5, placing the mixture into a mortar, uniformly mixing and grinding the mixture, and sintering the mixture for 16 hours at 160 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain the carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
The specific steps of preparing the lithium ion battery by using the prepared carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as the cathode material are the same as those in example 1.
Tests prove that the first discharge specific capacity of the battery made of the prepared material is 1037mAh/g under the multiplying power of 0.2C, and the 100-time circulation specific capacity is kept at 716 mAh/g.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adding resorcinol, formaldehyde, a sulfur source, a nitrogen source, a boron source and a dispersing agent into water, and heating and stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
s2, filtering the mixed solution, and drying the obtained filter cake at high temperature to obtain precursor powder;
s3, calcining the precursor powder in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere to obtain nitrogen, sulfur and boron co-doped carbon aerogel;
and S4, mixing and grinding the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel and sublimed sulfur uniformly, and sintering in an air atmosphere to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material.
2. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is 1: (1.5-2.5); the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the sulfur source, the nitrogen source, the boron source and the dispersing agent is 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.4): (0.05-0.2): (0.005-0.01).
3. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel to the sublimed sulfur is 1: (1.5-2.5).
4. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S1, the heating and stirring temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the heating and stirring time is 24-36 hours.
5. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the step S2, the high-temperature drying temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the high-temperature drying time is 12-24 hours.
6. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step S3, the calcination temperature is 800-1000 ℃ and the calcination time is 2-3 h.
7. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the step S4, the sintering temperature is 160 to 180 ℃ and the sintering time is 10 to 16 hours.
8. The preparation method of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sulfur source is thiourea, dodecanethiol or a combination thereof; the nitrogen source is melamine, urea or a combination thereof; the boron source is boric acid, borax or a combination thereof; the dispersant is at least one of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
9. The nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The application of the nitrogen-sulfur-boron co-doped carbon aerogel sulfur-based composite material as a positive electrode material of a lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 9.
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