CN113470923A - Four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate - Google Patents
Four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113470923A CN113470923A CN202110737489.0A CN202110737489A CN113470923A CN 113470923 A CN113470923 A CN 113470923A CN 202110737489 A CN202110737489 A CN 202110737489A CN 113470923 A CN113470923 A CN 113470923A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
- H01F7/0278—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation for generating uniform fields, focusing, deflecting electrically charged particles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
- H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2223/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J2225/00
- H01J2223/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J2223/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
- H01J2223/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate, which comprises a plurality of annular magnets for generating a magnetic field and a plurality of soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction; the annular magnets for generating the magnetic field and the soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction are matched with each other and are nested along the same axis. The invention has a more compact design, can fully utilize the remanence in the magnetic block, and leads the magnetic field on the intermediate magnetic circuit to be very close to the remanence of the magnetic block; the strip electron beam can be effectively focused; the magnetic shielding device has a good magnetic shielding effect, and avoids magnetic field interference on an electron gun; the magnetic field on the intermediate magnetic circuit is relatively uniform; the shorter the distance the magnetic field changes from zero to the homogeneous segment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum electronic devices, in particular to a four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate.
Background
The ribbon-shaped vacuum electronic device is widely applied to the fields of high-resolution radar, high-speed data communication, electronic attack, radio astronomy and the like. Compared with the traditional circular column device, the ribbon beam traveling wave tube, the ribbon beam klystron, the ribbon beam free electron laser and other ribbon beam devices have obvious advantages. In addition, the ribbon beam is thin enough and closer to the surface of the high frequency circuit, thus enabling good coupling with the slow wave structure and having higher energy conversion efficiency. These advantages have stimulated the development of SEB devices. In which CPI developed an X-band ribbon klystron with an output power of 5MW in 2009 by using ribbon electron beam. In 2014, the W-band zonal injection Extension Interaction Klystron (EIK) was developed by the u.s.naval research laboratory (NRL), with a peak output power exceeding 7.5 kW. 2021 university of Chinese electronic technology (UESTC) reported a Ka band traveling wave electron tube with a frequency of more than 3 kW.
Although the devices using ribbon beams have significant advantages, the use of ribbon beams suffers from a number of difficulties. The greatest difficulty is the focusing of the ribbon electron beam. This results in a band-shaped electron beam generating an inhomogeneous space charge force due to its non-axisymmetric charge distribution. The electron beam is also deformed unevenly due to these uneven space charge forces. Conventional electron beam focusing schemes are difficult to achieve focusing of the ribbon electron beam. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a band beam focusing system with excellent performance suitable for working in high frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional electron beam focusing scheme is difficult to realize focusing on a strip electron beam, and provides a four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate to solve the problem.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high remanence utilization rate four-ring type focusing magnetic field device comprises a plurality of ring magnets for generating magnetic fields and a plurality of soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction; the annular magnets for generating the magnetic field and the soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction are matched with each other and are nested along the same axis.
Further, the plurality of ring magnets for generating a magnetic field are specifically four ring magnets for generating a magnetic field, which are respectively a first ring magnet, a second ring magnet, a third ring magnet and a fourth ring magnet; the central axes of the first ring magnet, the second ring magnet, the third ring magnet and the fourth ring magnet are overlapped.
Further, the plurality of soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction are specifically four soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction, which are respectively a first soft magnetic structure, a second soft magnetic structure, a third soft magnetic structure and a fourth soft magnetic structure.
Further, one end of the first soft magnetic structure is nested inside the first annular magnet; the second ring magnet is nested inside the second soft magnetic structure; the third annular magnet is nested inside the third soft magnetic structure; one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is nested inside the fourth ring-shaped magnet; the central axes of the first soft magnetic structure, the first annular magnet, the second soft magnetic structure, the second annular magnet, the third soft magnetic structure, the fourth soft magnetic structure and the fourth annular magnet are overlapped.
The second ring magnet and the third ring magnet are respectively wrapped by the second soft magnetic structure and the third soft magnetic structure and used for converging the magnetic field.
Further, the second ring magnet and the second soft magnetic structure have the same inner diameter; the third ring magnet and the third soft magnetic structure have the same inner diameter.
Further, the second ring magnet and the third ring magnet are magnetized in the axial direction; the first ring magnet and the fourth ring magnet are magnetized in a radial direction.
Further, the diameters of the second ring magnet and the third ring magnet are smaller than the diameters of the first ring magnet and the fourth ring magnet.
Further, the first soft magnetic structure is a pole shoe at the electron gun end; one end of the first soft magnetic structure is provided with a cylindrical groove, the other end of the first soft magnetic structure is provided with an opening, a first cavity is arranged in the first soft magnetic structure, and the opening is connected with the first cavity; the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity.
Further, the fourth soft magnetic structure is a pole shoe of a collector; the fourth soft magnetic structure is cylindrical in shape, one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is provided with a conical groove, the other end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is open, and a second cavity is formed in the fourth soft magnetic structure; the second cavity is divided into two sections, the first section is conical, and the tip of the conical cavity is connected with the groove; the second section is cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the bottom of the conical cavity, and the other end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the opening.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the first ring magnet is magnetized to point to the axis along the radius direction, and the magnetic field is concentrated on the first soft magnetic structure. And meanwhile, the fourth ring-shaped magnet is magnetized to be away from the axis along the radial direction, and the magnetic field is converged on the fourth soft magnetic structure. Redundant magnetic energy of the first annular magnet and the fourth annular magnet is collected by the four parts of the second soft magnetic structure, the second annular magnet, the third soft magnetic structure and the third annular magnet respectively, wherein the two magnetic rings of the second annular magnet and the third annular magnet are magnetized along the positive z direction. Thus, the whole magnetic system forms a magnetic field loop, so that the magnetic field is converged to the space between the first soft magnetic structure and the fourth soft magnetic structure to the maximum extent, and a very strong uniform magnetic field is generated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high residual magnetism utilization rate provided by the embodiment of the invention has a relatively compact design. The remanence in the magnetic block can be fully utilized, so that the magnetic field on the intermediate magnetic circuit is very close to the remanence of the magnetic block. The ribbon beam can be effectively focused. Has better magnetic shielding effect and avoids the magnetic field from interfering the electron gun. The magnetic field on the intermediate magnetic circuit is relatively uniform. The shorter the distance the magnetic field changes from zero to the homogeneous segment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structural parameters of a first ring magnet according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural parameters of a first soft magnetic structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fourth ring magnet according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of structural parameters of a fourth soft magnetic structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a parameter diagram of a second soft magnetic structure and a second ring magnet structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the third soft magnetic structure and the third ring magnet according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of simulation results of the high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field apparatus of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-a first ring magnet, 2-a first soft magnetic structure, 3-a fourth ring magnet, 4-a fourth soft magnetic structure, 5-a second soft magnetic structure, 6-a second ring magnet, 7-a third soft magnetic structure, 8-a third ring magnet, 21-a first cavity, 22-a cylindrical groove, 41-a second cavity, and 42-a conical groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
In this embodiment, the hard magnetic material is samarium cobalt magnet, and the magnetization is 10800 Gs. The soft magnetic material is selected from pure iron.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high remanence utilization provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises four ring magnets for generating a magnetic field and four soft magnetic structures for conducting magnetism;
four ring magnets for generating a magnetic field, a first ring magnet 1, a second ring magnet 6, a third ring magnet 8, and a fourth ring magnet 3; the central axes of the first ring magnet 1, the second ring magnet 6, the third ring magnet 8, and the fourth ring magnet 3 are coincident with each other.
Four soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction, a first soft magnetic structure 2, a second soft magnetic structure 5, a third soft magnetic structure 7 and a fourth soft magnetic structure 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the first ring magnet 1 is made of hard magnetic material, and has an inner diameter m1_ din, an outer diameter m1_ dout, and a thickness m1_ z.
As shown in fig. 5, the fourth ring magnet 3 is a ring magnet, and is composed of a hard magnetic material. His inner diameter is m2_ din, outer diameter is m2_ dout, and thickness is m2_ z.
As shown in fig. 7, the second ring magnet 6 is a ring magnet made of a hard magnetic material and surrounded by the second soft magnetic structure 5. Wherein the inner diameter, the outer diameter and the thickness of the second ring magnet 6 are m3_ din, m3_ dout, m3_ z, respectively. The second soft magnetic structure 5 is made of soft magnetic material, is wrapped on the outside of 6, and has an outer diameter and a total thickness of i3_ rout, i3_ z, respectively.
As shown in fig. 8, the third ring magnet 8 is a ring magnet made of a hard magnetic material and surrounded by the third soft magnetic structure 7. The inner diameter, the outer diameter and the thickness of the third ring magnet 8 are m4_ din, m4_ dout and m4_ z respectively. The third soft magnetic structure 7 is made of soft magnetic material, wraps the outside of the third ring magnet 8, and has an outer diameter and a total thickness of i4_ rout and i4_ z, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, one end of the first soft magnetic structure 2 is nested inside the first ring magnet 1;
as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the second ring magnet 6 is nested inside the second soft magnetic structure 5;
as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the third ring magnet 8 is nested inside the third soft magnetic structure 7;
as shown in fig. 2, one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure 4 is nested inside the fourth ring-shaped magnet 3; the central axes of the first soft magnetic structure 2, the first annular magnet 1, the second soft magnetic structure 5, the second annular magnet 6, the third annular magnet 8, the third soft magnetic structure 7, the fourth soft magnetic structure 4 and the fourth annular magnet 3 are coincident.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the second ring magnet 6 has the same inner diameter as the second soft magnetic structure 5;
as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the third ring magnet 8 and the third soft magnetic structure 7 have the same inner diameter.
The second ring magnet 6 and the third ring magnet 8 are magnetized in the axial direction; the first ring magnet 1 and the fourth ring magnet 3 are magnetized in a radial direction.
As shown in fig. 2, the diameters of the second ring magnet 6 and the third ring magnet 8 are smaller than the diameters of the first ring magnet 1 and the fourth ring magnet 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first soft magnetic structure 2 is a pole shoe at the electron gun end; one end of the first soft magnetic structure 2 is provided with a cylindrical groove 22, the other end of the first soft magnetic structure is provided with an opening, a first cavity 21 is arranged in the opening, and the opening is connected with the first cavity 21; the first cavity 21 is a cylindrical cavity.
The first soft magnetic structure 2 is a pole shoe at the gun end and is made of a soft magnetic material, as shown in fig. 4. He is divided into three segments in total, the lengths of the three segments are ie _ z1, ie _ z2 and ie _ z3 respectively. Wherein the third section has an outer diameter ie _ d1 and an inner diameter ie _ d2 is present in the middle of the element. In the first section of the part there is also a cylindrical recess with a diameter ie _ d3 and a depth ie _ z 4.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the fourth soft magnetic structure 4 is a pole shoe of a collector; the fourth soft magnetic structure 4 is cylindrical in shape, one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is provided with a conical groove 42, the other end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is open, and a second cavity 41 is formed in the fourth soft magnetic structure; the second cavity 41 is divided into two sections, the first section is conical, and the tip of the conical cavity is connected with the groove 42; the second section is cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the bottom of the conical cavity, and the other end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the opening.
The fourth soft magnetic structure 4 is a pole shoe of the collector and is made of soft magnetic material, which is cylindrical in appearance, as shown in fig. 6. The overall length is ic _ z1, and the outer diameter is ic _ dout. The inner diameter is ic _ din. The front end has a tapered recess with a depth of ic _ z2 and a base diameter of ic _ d 3. The inner rear section is a tapered cylinder and a uniform cylindrical cylinder, with lengths ic _ z3, ic _ z4, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 9, the present invention produced a uniform magnetic field of 1Tesla on the central axis. The present invention makes full use of the remanence in the magnet to produce one super high magnetic field.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the first ring magnet 1 is magnetized to point along the radial direction to the axis, and the magnetic field is concentrated on the first soft magnetic structure 2. And meanwhile, the fourth ring-shaped magnet 3 is magnetized to be away from the axis along the radial direction, so that the magnetic field is converged on the fourth soft magnetic structure 4. The redundant magnetic energy of the first annular magnet 1 and the fourth annular magnet 3 is collected by the four parts of the second soft magnetic structure 5, the second annular magnet 6, the third soft magnetic structure 7 and the third annular magnet 8 respectively, wherein the two magnetic rings of the second annular magnet 6 and the third annular magnet 8 are magnetized along the positive z direction. Thus, the whole magnetic system forms a magnetic field loop, so that the magnetic field is converged to the space between the first soft magnetic structure 2 and the fourth soft magnetic structure 4 to the maximum extent, and a very strong uniform magnetic field is generated.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The four-ring type focusing magnetic field device with high remanence utilization rate is characterized by comprising a plurality of ring magnets for generating a magnetic field and a plurality of soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction; the annular magnets for generating the magnetic field and the soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction are matched with each other and are nested along the same axis.
2. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of ring magnets for generating magnetic field are embodied as four ring magnets for generating magnetic field, respectively a first ring magnet (1), a second ring magnet (6), a third ring magnet (8) and a fourth ring magnet (3); the central axes of the first annular magnet (1), the second annular magnet (6), the third annular magnet (8) and the fourth annular magnet (3) are overlapped.
3. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction are four soft magnetic structures for magnetic conduction, which are a first soft magnetic structure (2), a second soft magnetic structure (5), a third soft magnetic structure (7) and a fourth soft magnetic structure (4), respectively.
4. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the first soft magnetic structure (2) is nested inside the first ring magnet (1); the second ring magnet (6) is nested inside the second soft magnetic structure (5); the third annular magnet (8) is nested inside the third soft magnetic structure (7); one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure (4) is nested in the fourth ring-shaped magnet (3); the central axis of the first soft magnetic structure (2), the first annular magnet (1), the second soft magnetic structure (5), the second annular magnet (6), the third annular magnet (8), the third soft magnetic structure (7), the fourth soft magnetic structure (4) and the fourth annular magnet (3) is coincided.
5. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second ring magnet (6) has the same inner diameter as the second soft magnetic structure (5); the third ring magnet (8) and the third soft magnetic structure (7) have the same inner diameter.
6. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field device according to claim 5, wherein the second ring magnet (6) and the third ring magnet (8) are magnetized in an axial direction; the first ring magnet (1) and the fourth ring magnet (3) are magnetized in the radial direction.
7. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field device according to claim 6, wherein the diameters of the second ring magnet (6) and the third ring magnet (8) are smaller than the diameters of the first ring magnet (1) and the fourth ring magnet (3).
8. The high residual utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field device according to claim 6, wherein the first soft magnetic structure (2) is a pole shoe at an electron gun end; one end of the first soft magnetic structure (2) is provided with a cylindrical groove (22), the other end of the first soft magnetic structure is provided with an opening, a first cavity (21) is arranged in the first soft magnetic structure, and the opening is connected with the first cavity (21); the first cavity (21) is a cylindrical cavity.
9. The high remanence utilization four-ring type focusing magnetic field apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the fourth soft magnetic structure (4) is a pole shoe of a collector; the fourth soft magnetic structure (4) is cylindrical in shape, one end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is provided with a conical groove (42), the other end of the fourth soft magnetic structure is provided with an opening, and a second cavity (41) is arranged in the fourth soft magnetic structure; the second cavity (41) is divided into two sections, the first section is conical, and the tip of the conical cavity is connected with the groove (42); the second section is cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the bottom of the conical cavity, and the other end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the opening.
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| US4404494A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1983-09-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Travelling wave tube with periodic-permanent magnet focusing system |
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| CN203521094U (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-04-02 | 华南理工大学 | Permanent magnet system for providing neodymium iron boron auxiliary casting magnetic field |
| CN205488025U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | A permanent magnetic focusing system for beam long distance transmission |
| CN110189968A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Axial symmetry Periodic magnetic focusing system with prominent space harmonics three times |
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2021
- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110737489.0A patent/CN113470923B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4404494A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1983-09-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Travelling wave tube with periodic-permanent magnet focusing system |
| CN101944469A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-12 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Reversed-field permanent-magnet focusing system for multi-beam millimeter wave traveling-wave tubes and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN202120701U (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-01-18 | 深圳市福义乐磁性材料有限公司 | Magnetic agglomeration device for agglomerating magnetic fields of plurality of magnets |
| CN203521094U (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-04-02 | 华南理工大学 | Permanent magnet system for providing neodymium iron boron auxiliary casting magnetic field |
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