CN113470605A - Continuously adjustable sound absorption structure - Google Patents
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- CN113470605A CN113470605A CN202110649634.XA CN202110649634A CN113470605A CN 113470605 A CN113470605 A CN 113470605A CN 202110649634 A CN202110649634 A CN 202110649634A CN 113470605 A CN113470605 A CN 113470605A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuously adjustable sound absorption structure, and belongs to the technical field of medium and low frequency vibration and noise reduction. Comprises a semi-cylindrical chamber, a rotary clapboard and a closed top plate; the top surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity is partially sealed through the sealed top plate, the first end of the rotary partition plate is connected with a lockable rotating device, the second end of the rotary partition plate and the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity are provided with wall surface gaps, and the two sides of the rotary partition plate and the two end surfaces of the semi-cylindrical cavity are provided with end surface gaps; the semi-cylindrical cavity is divided into rigid back cavities by the rotary partition plate and the closed top plate; when the rotary clapboard rotates, the wall surface gap increases along with the increase of the volume of the rigid back cavity and decreases along with the decrease of the volume of the rigid back cavity. The invention has compact structure, operation suggestion and excellent sound absorption effect, and has wide application prospect in medium and low frequency absorption in complex noise environment and scene change conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medium and low frequency vibration and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a continuously adjustable sound absorption structure.
Background
The traditional sound absorption material and the structure can obtain better sound absorption effect in a specific frequency band, however, once the structural design is completed, the corresponding sound absorption frequency band is determined. After the application scene changes slightly, the original structure is difficult to continue to be applied. The problems of poor replaceability among different scenes, low repeatable utilization rate of the structure and the like restrict the practical application of the conventional sound absorption material and the structure. Thus, it has become necessary to develop a continuously adjustable sound absorbing structure.
In recent years, a great deal of research is carried out on adjustable sound absorption structures by broad students, and the research is mainly divided into two types, namely the active mode of utilizing an electromagnetic structure and the passive mode of utilizing a mechanical structure. For the active adjustment mode by using the electromagnetic structure, the better sound absorption adjustment effect is realized in a wider frequency range mainly by changing the film tension of the film type resonance unit, the adopted film material is mainly made of a piezoelectric material or a magnetorheological elastomer, the preparation of the material and an active control system are relatively complex, and further research and simplification are still needed in practical application. Compared with the research of realizing adjustable sound absorption by using an electric or magnetic mode, the research of adopting a passive mode of structural control is relatively less. The structure control mode mainly utilizes traditional helmholtz resonant cavity, realizes the regulation of sound absorption frequency band through changing resonant structure back cavity alone or changing resonant cavity opening size, and this kind of regulative mode can adjust acoustic resistance or acoustic reactance alone, but can not realize the synchronous regulation of acoustic resistance and acoustic reactance, hardly realizes perfect sound absorption. The research also has been carried out to respectively adjust the acoustic resistance and the acoustic reactance through different structures, and although a good adjustable sound absorption effect can be obtained, the practicability is limited due to the complex adjustment structure or the inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a continuously adjustable sound absorption structure, which has a compact structure, is easy and simple to operate, has an excellent sound absorption effect in a medium and low frequency range, and is adjustable in parameters.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a continuously adjustable sound absorption structure, which comprises a semi-cylindrical cavity, a rotary partition plate and a closed top plate, wherein the semi-cylindrical cavity is provided with a plurality of semi-cylindrical cavities; the top surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity is partially sealed through the sealed top plate, the first end of the rotary partition plate is connected with a lockable rotating device, the second end of the rotary partition plate and the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity are provided with wall surface gaps, and the two sides of the rotary partition plate and the two end surfaces of the semi-cylindrical cavity are provided with end surface gaps; the semi-cylindrical cavity is divided into rigid back cavities by the rotary partition plate and the closed top plate; when the rotary clapboard rotates, the wall surface gap increases along with the increase of the volume of the rigid back cavity and decreases along with the decrease of the volume of the rigid back cavity.
Preferably, the first end of the rotating diaphragm is parallel to the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber and offset to the closed ceiling side.
Preferably, the first end of the rotating partition is collinear with the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber, the radius of the wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber increasing from the closed side to the open side.
Preferably, the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber is provided with angle indicating means.
Further preferably, angle indicating device includes angle modulation pointer and angle modulation dish, and the one end of angle modulation pointer is connected with the first end of rotating partition, is equipped with the sawtooth of a plurality of equallys on the angle modulation dish, and the needle end of angle modulation pointer can imbed the sawtooth.
Preferably, the difference between the numerical value of the wall surface gap and the end surface gap is less than or equal to +/-30 percent.
Preferably, the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber increases from the closed side to the open side.
Preferably, the wall gap is 0.2-3 mm.
Preferably, the shape of the second end of the rotating diaphragm matches the shape of the wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber.
Preferably, the second end of the rotating diaphragm is provided with a thickened portion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the continuously adjustable sound absorption structure disclosed by the invention, a wall surface gap and an end surface gap exist between the semi-cylindrical cavity and the rotary partition plate, the top surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity is partially sealed by the sealed top plate and forms a rigid back cavity with the rotary partition plate in a surrounding manner, the width of the wall surface gap and the volume of the rigid back cavity are adjusted by the rotation of the rotary partition plate, the synchronous regulation and control of the sound resistance and the acoustic reactance of the sound absorption structure are realized, the sound resistance and the air impedance are always kept in a perfectly matched state, and the continuously adjustable sound absorption is realized in a medium-low frequency range. When the original application scene is changed, the new application scene can be adapted only by adjusting the rotation angle of the rotary partition plate, and the utilization rate is improved. Meanwhile, compared with an active control mode adopting an electromagnetic structure, the method not only saves material processing with complex process, but also saves a complex control system. The invention has compact structure, operation suggestion and excellent sound absorption effect, and has wide application prospect for middle and low frequency absorption in complex noise environment and scene change conditions.
Furthermore, the first end of the rotating partition plate is parallel to the rotating shaft of the semi-cylindrical chamber and is deviated towards the closed top plate side, and the effect that the wall surface gap is increased along with the increase of the volume of the rigid back cavity and is reduced along with the reduction of the volume of the rigid back cavity is achieved through the eccentric design.
Further, the rotation axis collineation of the first end of rotatory baffle and semi-cylindrical cavity, the radius of the wall of semi-cylindrical cavity increases progressively to the opening side along the confined side, through above-mentioned design, realizes that the wall gap increases along with the increase of rigidity back of the body chamber volume, along with the effect that the reduction of rigidity back of the body chamber volume reduces, and conveniently makes and installs.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical cavity is provided with an angle indicating device, so that angle adjustment is convenient to carry out.
Furthermore, through the angle adjusting pointer and the angle adjusting disc, the angle adjustment can be accurately realized, and the needle end of the pointer can be well locked after being embedded into the sawtooth.
Furthermore, the numerical difference between the wall surface gap and the end surface gap is less than or equal to +/-30 percent, so that the sound resistance of the whole structure can be conveniently adjusted.
Furthermore, the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical cavity is gradually increased from the closed side to the opening side, so that the width of the wall face gap and the width of the end face gap can be increased or decreased simultaneously, and the acoustic resistance of the whole structure can be adjusted conveniently.
Furthermore, the wall surface gap is 0.2-3 mm, and the width of the gap is too large, so that the acoustic resistance is too small, the dissipation of acoustic energy in the gap is insufficient, and the sound absorption coefficient is small; too small a gap width will cause the sound wave to be reflected seriously, and the sound wave is difficult to enter the micro-gap to be dissipated.
Furthermore, the shape of the end part of the second end of the rotary clapboard is matched with the shape of the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity, the size of the micro-seam is uniform, and the sound absorption effect is good.
Further, the second end tip of rotatory baffle is equipped with the thickening portion, can guarantee bigger rigidity back of the body chamber volume under the unchangeable condition of rotatory baffle thickness, is favorable to realizing the low frequency sound absorption more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along the z-y plane;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the sound absorption coefficient of the present invention at different angles;
fig. 5 is a sound absorbing cloud of the present invention at various angles.
In the figure: 1-a semi-cylindrical chamber, 2-a rotary clapboard, 3-a thickened part, 4-an angle adjusting pointer, 5-an angle adjusting disc, 6-a closed top plate, 7-a rotating device and 8-a rigid back cavity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the invention:
referring to fig. 1 and 3, the continuously adjustable sound absorption structure of the present invention comprises a semi-cylindrical chamber 1, a rotating partition plate 2 and a closed top plate 6; the top surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 is partially sealed through a sealing top plate 6, a first end of the rotary partition plate 2 is connected with a lockable rotating device 7, a wall surface gap is formed between a second end of the rotary partition plate 2 and the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1, and end surface gaps are formed between two sides of the rotary partition plate 2 and two end surfaces of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1; the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 is divided into a rigid back cavity 8 by the rotary clapboard 2 and the closed top plate 6; when the rotary clapboard 2 rotates, the wall surface gap increases along with the increase of the volume of the rigid back cavity 8 and decreases along with the decrease of the volume of the rigid back cavity 8.
In the actual manufactured product, the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 is placed in a housing or a frame, and when in use, the top surface opening part of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 faces the incident direction of the sound wave.
The rotating device 7 can be a rotating shaft with two ends connected with two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1, and the first end of the rotating partition plate 2 is sleeved on the rotating shaft. Or may be hinge means provided on both end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1. Likewise, the rotating means 7 can also be provided on the closing top plate 6.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, since the size of the rigid back cavity 8 formed by the rotating partition 2 in the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 has the greatest impact on the acoustic reactance of the structure, the radius of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 can be determined according to the lowest frequency required for adjustable sound absorption. Meanwhile, the acoustic reactance can also be adjusted in real time by adjusting the size of the rigid back cavity 8 through the rotation of the rotary partition plate 2. The acoustic resistance is mainly determined by the second end of the rotating partition plate 2 and the semi-cylindrical chamber 1, and the micro-gap formed by the two sides of the rotating partition plate 2 and the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1, and in order to adjust the acoustic resistance by using the rotating angle, the width of the micro-gap needs to be correspondingly changed along with the change of the rotating angle, and the acoustic resistance can be realized by adopting two schemes.
One solution is that the radius of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 can be kept constant when the first end of the rotating diaphragm 2 is parallel to but not collinear with the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1. When the rotation angle of the rotating partition board 2 is increased, the size of the rigid back cavity 8 is reduced, the sound absorption peak value is moved to high frequency, the corresponding acoustic resistance should be increased, and the width of the micro-slit should be correspondingly reduced. Therefore, the surface acoustic resistance and the surface acoustic reactance of the structure can be independently regulated and controlled, so that the surface acoustic resistance and the surface acoustic reactance can be perfectly matched with air impedance at any angle, and finally, continuous adjustable perfect sound absorption can be realized in a medium-low frequency range. Specifically, the first end of the rotating diaphragm 2 is parallel to the rotation axis of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 and is offset to the closing ceiling 6 side.
The other scheme is that when the first end of the rotary clapboard 2 and the rotating shaft of the semi-cylindrical cavity are collinear, the radius of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 needs to be changed in real time to change the width of the micro-gap, so that a simpler vortex line can be adopted as a section line of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 to replace a semicircle. Specifically, the first end of the rotating partition 2 is collinear with the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1, and the radius of the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 increases from the closed side to the open side.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the total length of the rotating partition 2 needs to be smaller than the minimum radius of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 or smaller than the minimum radius of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 when the first end of the rotating partition 2 is eccentrically arranged, so that a gap exists between the first end of the rotating partition 2 and the curved wall surface of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1. The width of the gap has a particularly obvious influence on the acoustic resistance, and the width is not suitable for too wide, otherwise, the acoustic resistance is too small, the dissipation of sound energy in the gap is insufficient, and the sound absorption coefficient is small; the width is too narrow, so that the sound wave is seriously reflected and hardly enters the micro-gap to be dissipated, and the value is generally between 0.2mm and 3 mm. The thickness of the micro-slit can also directly influence the size of the acoustic resistance, in order to ensure a larger rigid back cavity 8 space, the thickness of the rotary clapboard 2 is not changed, only the thickened part 3 is added to the second end of the rotary clapboard, and the thickness value which is generally suitable to be selected is between 1mm and 8 mm. In order to facilitate the rotation of the rotating partition board 2, a certain micro-gap, namely an end face gap, should also exist between the two sides of the rotating partition board 2 and the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1, and the width of the end face gap is equivalent to the wall face gap existing between the second end of the rotating partition board 2 and the semi-cylindrical chamber 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, in order to facilitate the angular adjustment of the rotatable partition 2, an angle adjustment finger 4 is provided on an extension of the first end of the rotatable partition 2, by means of which the angular adjustment of the rotatable partition can be easily achieved. In order to fix the angle of the rotating partition 2, a sawtooth-shaped angle adjusting disk 5 is arranged on the front end face, wherein the sawtooth-shaped angle adjusting disk is continuously and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the radius of the sawtooth-shaped angle adjusting disk in the circumferential direction is consistent with the length of the angle adjusting pointer 4, and the tooth shape can be just meshed with the end part of the angle adjusting pointer 4. Although the angle adjusting pointer 4 is circumferentially fixed with the rotating partition board 2, the pointer can move outwards along the first end of the rotating partition board 2 by a small amount to separate from the angle adjusting disk 5, after the angle adjustment is completed, the pointer can be clamped into the angle adjusting disk 5, and the rotating partition board 2 is fixed at a certain angle.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 increases from the closed side to the open side.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second end of the rotating diaphragm 2 is shaped to match the shape of the wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber 1.
In terms of design, first, the semi-cylindrical chamber 1 is sized according to the lowest sound absorption frequency. On the basis, the radius change rule of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 or the eccentric size of the first end of the rotary partition plate 2 is determined, parameters of the rotary partition plate 2 and the second end of the rotary partition plate 2 are obtained, and then relevant parameters of the rotary adjusting pointer 4 and the angle adjusting disc 5 are determined.
In order to ensure that the deformation of the structure is small during the rotation, the rotating diaphragm 2 and the angle adjusting pointer 4 need to have certain rigidity. Meanwhile, the continuously adjustable perfect sound absorption structure can be made of metal and resin through 3D printing or die processing.
Examples
Length, width, height, 100, 53mm in this example3The total length of the rotating partition board 2 is 47.2mm, the section line of the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 is a vortex line, and the radius r is equal to r1+ m θ, where m is 1/450mm/° is the growth factor and θ is the angle of rotation. The width of the gap between the two end faces of the rotary partition plate 2 and the semi-cylindrical cavity 1 is 0.3mm, the width of the gap between the rotary partition plate 2 and the wall face is also 0.3mm, the thickness of the rotary partition plate 2 is 2mm, and the thickness of the second end thickened part 3 of the rotary partition plate 2 is 4 mm. The angle adjusting disk 5 has 60 saw teeth each having an angle of 3 °.
When the sound absorption structure is adopted to carry out a sound absorption experiment, as can be seen from fig. 4, good sound absorption coefficients can be obtained at different rotation angles. In order to show the adjustable sound absorption effect more comprehensively, a sound absorption cloud chart is drawn in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the sound absorption peak value can be adjusted and controlled in real time according to the angle in the medium and low frequency range of 300-1300 Hz, and the sound absorption peak value can reach more than 0.9, so that the sound absorption cloud chart has excellent continuously adjustable perfect sound absorption characteristics.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and although some terms are used in the present invention, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention and are to be construed as any additional limitation which is not in accordance with the spirit of the invention. The foregoing is merely an illustration of the present invention for the purpose of providing an easy understanding and is not intended to limit the present invention to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, and any technical extensions or innovations made herein are protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuously adjustable sound absorption structure is characterized by comprising a semi-cylindrical chamber (1), a rotary clapboard (2) and a closed top plate (6); the top surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity (1) is partially sealed through a sealing top plate (6), a lockable rotating device (7) is connected to the first end of the rotating partition plate (2), a wall surface gap is formed between the second end of the rotating partition plate (2) and the wall surface of the semi-cylindrical cavity (1), and end surface gaps are formed between the two sides of the rotating partition plate (2) and the two end surfaces of the semi-cylindrical cavity (1); the semi-cylindrical cavity (1) is divided into a rigid back cavity (8) by the rotary clapboard (2) and the closed top plate (6); when the rotary clapboard (2) rotates, the wall surface gap increases along with the increase of the volume of the rigid back cavity (8) and decreases along with the decrease of the volume of the rigid back cavity (8).
2. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the first end of the rotating diaphragm (2) is parallel to the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber (1) and is offset to the closed ceiling (6) side.
3. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the first end of the rotating partition (2) is collinear with the axis of rotation of the semi-cylindrical chamber (1), the radius of the wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber (1) increasing from the closed side to the open side.
4. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber (1) is provided with angle indicating means.
5. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 4, characterised in that the angle-indicating means comprise an angle-adjusting pointer (4) and an angle-adjusting disk (5), one end of the angle-adjusting pointer (4) being connected to the first end of the rotating partition (2), the angle-adjusting disk (5) being provided with a number of equally divided saw teeth, the needle end of the angle-adjusting pointer (4) being able to engage in the saw teeth.
6. The continuously adjustable sound absorbing structure of claim 1 wherein the wall gaps differ from the end gaps by a value of ± 30%.
7. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance between the two end faces of the semi-cylindrical chambers (1) increases from the closed side to the open side.
8. A continuously adjustable sound absorbing structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wall gap is 0.2 to 3 mm.
9. A continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the shape of the second end of the rotating diaphragm (2) matches the shape of the wall of the semi-cylindrical chamber (1).
10. Continuously adjustable sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, characterised in that the second end of the rotating diaphragm (2) is provided with a thickening (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110649634.XA CN113470605B (en) | 2021-06-10 | Continuously adjustable sound absorption structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110649634.XA CN113470605B (en) | 2021-06-10 | Continuously adjustable sound absorption structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113470605A true CN113470605A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN113470605B CN113470605B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113993031A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 歌尔光学科技有限公司 | Sound generating device, calibration method of sound generating device and sound generating unit |
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