CN113468989A - Non-contact personnel identification method using heart radar signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact personnel identification method using heart radar signals, which comprises the following steps: s1, extracting a user reflection signal; s2, performing signal preprocessing on the user reflection signal by adopting heartbeat signal filtering; s3, demodulating the phase of the reflection signal subjected to signal preprocessing to obtain a continuous reflection signal; s4, obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by adopting a heartbeat segmentation algorithm for the continuous reflection signals; and S5, resampling the single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by adopting a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching. Has the advantages that: compared with the traditional authentication method and passive contactless measurement, the method and the system have the advantages that the heartbeat signals of the user are scanned through the radar system, the user is prevented from directly contacting equipment and actively participating, and meanwhile, compared with biological feature recognition technologies such as facial recognition and the like, the method and the system can better protect the personal privacy of the user.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment and physiological signal detection, in particular to a non-contact personnel identification method using a heart radar signal.
Background
Biometrics describes unique human features that can be used to automatically and unambiguously identify a user's identity. Fingerprints were first discovered at the end of the 19 th century as a means of identifying appropriate metrics. Today, fingerprint recognition sensors are widely used in the field of identity authentication. Today, a large number of other biometric techniques are in use or are still under investigation. For example, iris recognition may enable user identity in devices or methods that require high security. However, all of the above-mentioned biological characteristics have a common drawback: in obtaining user information, the user must be in direct contact with the measurement device. Even if the vulnerability is not considered, this limitation greatly impairs the usability of the device in practical applications.
Continuous authentication currently improves on disposable authentication methods by continuously verifying for the duration of a session whether the method is operated by the same user as when initially logged in, which prevents malicious users from accessing the system when a legitimate user leaves or is not using the system. However, governments and enterprises increasingly propose more demanding continuous identity authentication methods due to system authentication errors caused by weak cryptographic mechanisms (hacking, password theft, etc.) and user carelessness. In recent years, radar technology has become a method of performing presence detection and monitoring. Furthermore, it is used to monitor a person's vital signs, such as heart beat signals and breathing signals, without contact.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention provides a non-contact person identification method using cardiac radar signals, so as to overcome the above technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, extracting a user reflection signal;
s2, performing signal preprocessing on the user reflection signal by adopting heartbeat signal filtering;
s3, demodulating the phase of the reflection signal subjected to signal preprocessing to obtain a continuous reflection signal;
s4, obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by adopting a heartbeat segmentation algorithm for the continuous reflection signals;
and S5, resampling the single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by adopting a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching.
Further, the extracting the user reflection signal further includes the following steps:
s11, using the working principle of radio system, the transmitting end of the system transmits low power radio signal and the receiving end receives the reflected signal of the surrounding environment.
Further, the signal preprocessing of the user reflection signal by using heartbeat signal filtering further includes the following steps:
s21, receiving a reflected signal from the surrounding environment by adopting a radar system receiving end;
s22, filtering ambient environment information in the reflected signals and the breathing information of the user;
s23, extracting reflection information caused by the heartbeat motion of the user;
s24, eliminating the noise level in the heartbeat signal using the butterworth bandpass filter and the adaptive filter.
Further, the reflected signal from the surrounding environment includes: the reflected signals caused by the user's breathing movements and heartbeat movements also include reflected signals caused by the surrounding environment.
Further, the eliminating the noise level in the heartbeat signal by using the butterworth band-pass filter and the adaptive filter further comprises the following steps:
and a Butterworth band-pass filter of 0.75-30Hz is adopted to extract the heartbeat motion information of the user in the reflected signal.
Further, the phase demodulating the reflected signal subjected to the signal preprocessing to obtain a continuous reflected signal further includes the following steps:
s31, demodulating the relative phase change delta sigma between the transmitting signal and the reflected signal by using an IQ phase demodulation technology;
s32, chest vibrations caused by the heart beat cause the phase between the reflected signal and the reference signal to change, and since the wavelength λ is known, the relative displacement Δ x is calculated.
Further, the calculation formula of the relative phase change Δ σ is as follows:
Δσ＝arg{(B5-B6)+j(B3-B4)}；
in the formula:
B3—B4: a Q channel phase demodulation component; b is5—B6: an I-channel phase demodulation component; j: an imaginary symbol;
the calculation formula of the relative displacement Δ x is as follows:
in the formula:
Δ σ: the relative phase change of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal; λ: the wavelength of the signal.
Further, the method for obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by using the heartbeat segmentation algorithm for the continuous reflection signals further comprises the following steps:
s41, calculating minimum value points of the signals for each section of heartbeat signals;
s42, determining the shortest distance between the two minimum values;
and S43, performing heartbeat segmentation by using the minimum value.
Further, the step of determining the shortest distance between two minima further comprises the steps of:
s421, performing autocorrelation calculation on each section of signal to estimate the average heart rate of the user;
and S422, taking the highest peak value in the time range of 0.45-1.45S as the average heart beat period between two continuous heart beats.
Further, the resampling the single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by adopting a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching further comprises the following steps:
s51, resampling each heart beat to a uniform length n to obtain a single heart beat;
s52, inputting the single heart beat as an input signal into a trained machine learning model to classify the single heart beat;
s53, storing the single heartbeat of the user into a database for matching after the single heartbeat is extracted;
and S54, comparing the newly acquired single heartbeat signal with the data stored in the database to judge whether the access request is from an authorized user or a malicious attack.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional authentication method and passive contactless measurement, the method and the system scan the heartbeat signals of the user through the radar system, and avoid the direct contact of the user with equipment and active participation of the user.
2. Compared with the biological feature recognition technology such as face recognition, the method and the system can better protect the personal privacy of the user.
3. The invention continuously scans the heartbeat of the user through the radar system, thereby verifying whether the login user is replaced or leaves and ensuring the safety and stability of system login.
4. The device can sense the heart movement of the user in a non-contact way, and safely and reliably carry out continuous identity authentication on the user under the condition of protecting the privacy and insensibility of the user.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of a method for authenticating a person using a continuous wave radar in a non-contact person identification method using a cardiac radar signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For further explanation of the various embodiments, the drawings which form a part of the disclosure and which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of operation of the embodiments, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments and advantages of the invention, and, by reference to these figures, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are not to scale and wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals is provided.
The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein, as shown in fig. 1-2, a method for contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, extracting a user reflection signal;
s2, performing signal preprocessing on the user reflection signal by adopting heartbeat signal filtering;
s3, demodulating the phase of the reflection signal subjected to signal preprocessing to obtain a continuous reflection signal;
s4, obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by adopting a heartbeat segmentation algorithm for the continuous reflection signals;
and S5, resampling the single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by adopting a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching.
In one embodiment, said extracting the user reflection signal further comprises the steps of:
s11, using the working principle of radio system, the transmitting end of the system transmits low power radio signal, and the receiving end receives the reflected signal of the surrounding environment, when the transmitting signal contacts the user, it will generate reflection based on the body of the user, and the receiving end receives the reflected signal. The reflected signal contains information on some physiological parameters caused by the user's breathing and heartbeat movements.
In one embodiment, the signal preprocessing of the user reflection signal by using heartbeat signal filtering further comprises the following steps:
s21, receiving a reflected signal from the surrounding environment by adopting a radar system receiving end;
s22, filtering ambient environment information in the reflected signals and the breathing information of the user;
s23, extracting reflection information caused by the heartbeat motion of the user;
s24, eliminating the noise level in the heartbeat signal by adopting a Butterworth band-pass filter and an adaptive filter;
the reflection signal caused by the respiration of the user and the reflection signal caused by the surrounding environment are irrelevant to the identity authentication of the user, the signal preprocessing is to filter the surrounding environment information in the reflection signal and the respiration information of the user, extract the reflection information caused by the heartbeat motion of the user, and prevent the heartbeat waveform from being deformed by reducing the noise level in the heartbeat signal. The noise in the reflected signal includes low frequency components, high frequency components, and unpredictable components. The present invention employs a butterworth bandpass filter and an adaptive filter to remove noise in a signal, taking into account the diversity of the noise and the frequency range of the known noise.
In one embodiment, the reflected signal from the surrounding environment comprises: the reflected signals caused by the user's breathing movements and heartbeat movements also include reflected signals caused by the surrounding environment.
In one embodiment, said removing the noise level in the heartbeat signal using the butterworth band pass filter and the adaptive filter further comprises the steps of:
and a Butterworth band-pass filter of 0.75-30Hz is adopted to extract the heartbeat motion information of the user in the reflected signal.
In one embodiment, the phase demodulating the signal-preprocessed reflected signal to obtain a continuous reflected signal further includes the following steps:
s31, demodulating the relative phase change delta sigma between the transmitting signal and the reflected signal by using an IQ phase demodulation technology;
s32, chest vibrations caused by the heart beat cause the phase between the reflected signal and the reference signal to change, and since the wavelength λ is known, the relative displacement Δ x is calculated.
In one embodiment, the relative phase change Δ σ is calculated as follows:
Δσ＝arg{(B5-B6)+j(B3-B4)}；
in the formula:
B3—B4: a Q channel phase demodulation component; b is5—B6: an I-channel phase demodulation component; j: an imaginary symbol;
the calculation formula of the relative displacement Δ x is as follows:
in the formula:
Δ σ: the relative phase change of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal; λ: the wavelength of the signal.
In one embodiment, the obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by using the heartbeat division algorithm for the continuous reflection signals further comprises the following steps:
s41, calculating minimum value points of the signals for each section of heartbeat signals;
s42, determining the shortest distance between the two minimum values;
s43, performing heartbeat segmentation by using the minimum value;
the heart beat period obtained by the calculation is multiplied by an adjusting factor to be corrected, the corrected value is used as the minimum interval to carry out heart beat division, and the shortest distance information is used, so that the local minimum value can be prevented from being used as a boundary, and the heart beat signal is prevented from being deformed.
In one embodiment, said determining the shortest distance between two minima further comprises the steps of:
s421, performing autocorrelation calculation on each section of signal to estimate the average heart rate of the user;
and S422, taking the highest peak value in the time range of 0.45-1.45S as the average heart beat period between two continuous heart beats.
In one embodiment, the resampling a single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by using a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching further comprises the following steps:
s51, resampling each heart beat to a uniform length n to obtain a single heart beat;
s52, inputting the single heart beat as an input signal into a trained machine learning model to classify the single heart beat;
s53, storing the single heartbeat of the user into a database for matching after the single heartbeat is extracted;
s54, comparing the newly acquired single heartbeat signal with data stored in a database to judge whether the access request is from an authorized user or a malicious attack;
by resampling each beat to a uniform length n, variations in the duration of a single beat due to different heart rates or sample rates can be eliminated, otherwise a higher heart rate or lower sample rate will result in a shorter beat signal, while a lower heart rate or higher sample rate will result in a longer beat signal, because the heart beats after resampling have uniform length, the invention takes the single heart beat as an input signal, inputs the input signal into a trained machine learning model to classify the single heart beat, in addition, in the process of user identification, considering that a plurality of single heartbeats can be segmented by extracting heartbeat signals, the invention applies a majority voting algorithm to enhance the robustness of the method, and meanwhile, the device can sense the heart motion of the user in a non-contact way, under the condition of protecting the privacy and the non-sensibility of the user, the continuous identity authentication is safely and reliably carried out on the user.
In summary, according to the technical scheme of the invention, compared with the traditional authentication method and passive contactless measurement, the heartbeat signal of the user is scanned by the radar system, so that the user is prevented from directly contacting with the equipment and actively participating in the heartbeat signal, and the privacy of the user is protected; the device can sense the heart movement of the user in a non-contact way, and safely and reliably carry out continuous identity authentication on the user under the condition of protecting the privacy and insensibility of the user.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of non-contact person identification using cardiac radar signals, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, extracting a user reflection signal;
s2, performing signal preprocessing on the user reflection signal by adopting heartbeat signal filtering;
s3, demodulating the phase of the reflection signal subjected to signal preprocessing to obtain a continuous reflection signal;
s4, obtaining the single heartbeat of the user by adopting a heartbeat segmentation algorithm for the continuous reflection signals;
and S5, resampling the single heartbeat of the user to a fixed sample length by adopting a low-pass filter, and storing the obtained single heartbeat of the user in a database for matching.
2. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 1, wherein the extracting of user reflection signals further comprises the steps of:
s11, using the working principle of radio system, the transmitting end of the system transmits low power radio signal and the receiving end receives the reflected signal of the surrounding environment.
3. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 1, wherein the signal pre-processing of the user reflection signal using heartbeat signal filtering further comprises the steps of:
s21, receiving a reflected signal from the surrounding environment by adopting a radar system receiving end;
s22, filtering ambient environment information in the reflected signals and the breathing information of the user;
s23, extracting reflection information caused by the heartbeat motion of the user;
s24, eliminating the noise level in the heartbeat signal using the butterworth bandpass filter and the adaptive filter.
4. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 3, characterized in that the reflected signals from the surroundings comprise: the reflected signals caused by the user's breathing movements and heartbeat movements also include reflected signals caused by the surrounding environment.
5. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 3, wherein said removing the noise level in the heartbeat signal using a butterworth band pass filter and an adaptive filter further comprises the steps of:
and a Butterworth band-pass filter of 0.75-30Hz is adopted to extract the heartbeat motion information of the user in the reflected signal.
6. A method for non-contact person identification using cardiac radar signals as in claim 1, wherein the phase demodulating the pre-conditioned reflected signals to obtain continuous reflected signals further comprises the steps of:
s31, demodulating the relative phase change delta sigma between the transmitting signal and the reflected signal by using an IQ phase demodulation technology;
s32, chest vibrations caused by the heart beat cause the phase between the reflected signal and the reference signal to change, and since the wavelength λ is known, the relative displacement Δ x is calculated.
7. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 6, characterized in that the calculation formula of the relative phase change Δ σ is as follows:
Δσ＝arg{(B5-B6)+j(B3-B4)}；
in the formula:
B3—B4: a Q channel phase demodulation component; b is5—B6: an I-channel phase demodulation component; j: an imaginary symbol;
the calculation formula of the relative displacement Δ x is as follows:
in the formula:
Δ σ: the relative phase change of the reflected signal and the transmitted signal; λ: the wavelength of the signal.
8. A method for non-contact person identification using heart radar signals according to claim 1, wherein the algorithm of heart beat segmentation is applied to the continuous reflected signals, and obtaining the user's single heart beat further comprises the following steps:
s41, calculating minimum value points of the signals for each section of heartbeat signals;
s42, determining the shortest distance between the two minimum values;
and S43, performing heartbeat segmentation by using the minimum value.
9. A method of contactless person identification using cardiac radar signals according to claim 8, characterized in that said determining the shortest distance between two minima further comprises the steps of:
s421, performing autocorrelation calculation on each section of signal to estimate the average heart rate of the user;
and S422, taking the highest peak value in the time range of 0.45-1.45S as the average heart beat period between two continuous heart beats.
10. A method of non-contact person identification using cardiac radar signals as in claim 1 wherein the resampling a single beat of the user to a fixed sample length using a low pass filter and storing the resulting single beat of the user in a database for matching further comprises the steps of:
s51, resampling each heart beat to a uniform length n to obtain a single heart beat;
s52, inputting the single heart beat as an input signal into a trained machine learning model to classify the single heart beat;
s53, storing the single heartbeat of the user into a database for matching after the single heartbeat is extracted;
and S54, comparing the newly acquired single heartbeat signal with the data stored in the database to judge whether the access request is from an authorized user or a malicious attack.
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