CN113466862B - Multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and system - Google Patents
Multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S1: acquiring the registered multi-channel SAR-GMTI image, selecting any channel as a reference channel, and sequentially processing data of other channels to be compensated; step S2: calculating interference phases of data of a reference channel and a channel to be compensated, processing interference phase frequency spectrum through a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract an interference phase estimation value, and updating the data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation; step S3: iterative updating of data of the channel to be compensated is achieved by repeating the operation for multiple times, so that interference phase histogram distribution is obtained, and slow terrain drying interference phase compensation of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system is achieved. The invention can estimate the terrain interference phase by a self-adaptive iterative filtering mode, overcomes the limitation that the existing terrain interference phase compensation technology consumes large computing resources and is easy to be influenced by the environment, and realizes the stable and accurate compensation of the terrain interference phase of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a multi-channel SAR-GMTI system terrain interference phase compensation method, in particular to a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system.
Background
Due to the existence of non-ideal factors such as mechanical position error, antenna deformation, wind disturbance and earth rotation, a certain yaw angle always exists in an actual multi-channel SAR-GMTI system platform, so that a vertical track baseline is introduced, clutter signals generate distance dependence and are very sensitive to terrain fluctuation, and the subsequent multi-channel clutter suppression capability and ground moving target detection performance are reduced.
The invention patent with publication number CN108574285A discloses a multiphase compensation measurement and control device, which comprises a multiphase compensation measurement and control box, a multiphase compensation measurement and control surface and a circuit board, wherein the upper end of the multiphase compensation measurement and control box is provided with a box cover, the front surface of the multiphase compensation measurement and control box is provided with a portable handle, one side of the portable handle is provided with a lock catch, and the multiphase compensation measurement and control surface is arranged in the multiphase compensation measurement and control box. The multi-phase compensation measuring and controlling device is scientific and reasonable in structure, safe and convenient to use, capable of enabling the multi-phase compensator to have a portable function and more convenient for workers to operate, provided with the wire placing groove and more convenient for the workers to carry wires, provided with the low-frequency compensator and capable of receiving signals and meeting the requirement of multi-phase reactive compensation with higher efficiency, and due to the fact that the P6200 is adopted as the controller, the overall material cost of the multi-phase compensation measuring and controlling device is reduced, meanwhile, the power consumption is reduced, and the panel space is saved.
DEM data can be used to compensate for the undulating terrain phase described above, however it is difficult in practical engineering processes to acquire accurate DEM data in real time in any randomly distributed ground scene. In addition, a technology based on an adaptive two-dimensional sliding window is proposed to eliminate the local flat phase, but the method needs to traverse image pixel points one by one, and is time-consuming. In addition, a method based on frequency spectrum filtering is provided for effectively eliminating the influence of slow-varying terrain interference phases, and the method has the advantage of not depending on accurate prior yaw angle information or prior system configuration parameter information, but a large number of fast-varying interference phases of ground moving targets can pollute the slow-varying terrain phase information, so that the separation of the moving target interference phases and the slow-varying terrain interference phases is difficult to realize, and further, a ground moving target signal structure is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system, aiming at the defects that the terrain interference phase compensation method in the prior art has long calculation time and is greatly influenced by the environment, so that the terrain interference phase elimination effect is not ideal.
According to the multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method and system provided by the invention, the scheme is as follows:
In a first aspect, a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method is provided, the method comprising:
step S1: acquiring a registered multi-channel SAR-GMTI image, selecting any channel as a reference channel, and sequentially processing data of other channels to be compensated;
step S2: calculating interference phases of data of a reference channel and data of a channel to be compensated, processing an interference phase spectrum through a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract an interference phase estimation value, and updating the data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation;
step S3: iterative updating of data of the channel to be compensated is achieved by repeating the operation for multiple times, so that interference phase histogram distribution is obtained, and slow terrain drying interference phase compensation of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system is achieved.
Preferably, the interference phase calculation expression is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a two-dimensional interference phase function,
representing data obtained by conjugating SAR image data of a reference channel, scomp,m(t,fa) And m is 2,3, … and N-1, and represents other channels to be compensated SAR image data, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system, t represents a distance fast time variable, and f representsaIs the doppler frequency domain component.
Preferably, the interference phase function is subjected to two-dimensional fourier transform to obtain a two-dimensional frequency spectrum, and a band-pass filter is arranged to extract a peak region of the interference phase frequency spectrum to obtain an interference phase estimation value.
Preferably, according to the interference phase estimation value, updating the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation.
Preferably, the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated is iteratively updated by repeating the mode of band-pass filtering and extracting the interference phase, and in each iteration, the interference phase function and the frequency spectrum thereof, the size of the band-pass filter, the interference phase estimation value and the SAR image data to be compensated are sequentially updated.
Preferably, the histogram distribution corresponding to the interference phase function is calculated, and the iterative processing is stopped until stable histogram distribution is finally obtained or a preset iteration number is reached, so that the final multi-channel SAR data after terrain interference phase compensation is obtained.
In a second aspect, there is provided a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system, the system comprising:
module M1: acquiring a registered multi-channel SAR-GMTI image, selecting any channel as a reference channel, and sequentially processing data of other channels to be compensated;
module M2: calculating interference phases of data of a reference channel and data of a channel to be compensated, processing an interference phase spectrum through a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract an interference phase estimation value, and updating the data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation;
Module M3: iterative updating of the data of the channel to be compensated is achieved by repeating the operations for multiple times, so that interference phase histogram distribution is obtained, and terrain slow-drying interference phase compensation of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system is achieved.
Preferably, the interference phase calculation expression is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a two-dimensional interference phase function and,
representing data obtained by conjugating SAR image data of a reference channel, scomp,m(t,fa) And m is 2,3, … and N-1, and represents other channels to be compensated SAR image data, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system, t represents a distance fast time variable, and f representsaIs the doppler frequency domain component.
Preferably, the interference phase function is subjected to two-dimensional fourier transform to obtain a two-dimensional frequency spectrum, and a band-pass filter is arranged to extract a peak region of the interference phase frequency spectrum to obtain an interference phase estimation value.
Preferably, according to the interference phase estimation value, updating the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can estimate the terrain interference phase by a self-adaptive iterative filtering mode, overcomes the limitation that the existing terrain interference phase compensation technology consumes large computing resources and is easy to be influenced by the environment, and realizes the stable and accurate compensation of the terrain interference phase of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an interference phase compensation method for a multi-channel SAR-GMTI system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional interference phase diagram of a channel 1 and a channel 2 before interference phase compensation is performed by using actually measured data of a four-channel SAR-GMTI system;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the interference phase processing results after 1 iteration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the interference phase processing results after 2 iterations;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the interference phase processing results after 3 iterations;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the variation trend of the interference phase histogram distribution under three iterations;
FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of A in a trend graph of interference phase histogram distribution at three iterations;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an interference phase function after sliding window processing;
fig. 9 is a comparison graph of histogram distribution after the sliding window method and the interference phase processing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: inputting range-Doppler map data under a multi-channel SAR-GMTI system;
step two: selecting a reference channel according to the input multi-channel data, wherein the rest channels are channels to be processed, and inputting preset iteration times;
step three: calculating an interference phase function of a current processing channel and a reference channel, performing two-dimensional Fourier transform to obtain an interference phase two-dimensional frequency spectrum function, and calculating an interference phase estimation value by using a band-pass filter;
step four: updating the current processing channel data by using the interference phase estimation value, and then respectively carrying out iterative updating on the interference phase function, the two-dimensional band-pass spectrum filtering function, the interference phase estimation value and the current processing channel data until the preset iteration times are met or the distribution of an interference phase histogram tends to be stable;
step five: and traversing all the SAR images of the channels to be compensated, and finally outputting multi-channel SAR-GMTI distance-Doppler two-dimensional image data after terrain interference phase compensation.
In the third step, the interference phase calculation expression is as follows:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a two-dimensional interference phase function and,
representing data obtained by conjugating SAR image data of a reference channel, scomp,m(t,fa) Wherein m is 2,3, …, or N-1, or a salt thereofThe SAR image data of the channel to be compensated (taking the channel 1 as a reference channel as an example), wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system, t represents a distance fast time variable, faIs a doppler frequency domain component.
And in the fourth step, two-dimensional Fourier transform is carried out on the interference phase function, a band-pass filter is used for extracting main interference phase components, and the size of a two-dimensional window of the band-pass filter is increased along with the increase of iteration times.
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The implementation steps of this embodiment are performed on the MATLABR2014a simulation platform.
As shown in fig. 1, the implementation steps of this embodiment include:
s1: inputting range-Doppler SAR image data s of N-channel SAR-GMTI systemn(x, y) (N-1, 2 … N-1), wherein N-4.
S2: selecting the first channel as a reference channel, and the other channels as to-be-processed channels:
sm,proc(x,y)＝sn(x,y),n＝2,3,…N (2)
sref(x,y)＝s1(x,y) (3)
in the formula, sm,proc(x, y) (m ═ 1,2, … N-1) and srefAnd (x, y) respectively represent the m-th to-be-processed channel image data and the reference channel two-dimensional image data, and a preset iteration number K is input, wherein K is 3.
S3: firstly, m is equal to 1, and a reference channel s is calculated according to the formula (1)ref(x, y) and mth channel sm,procInterference phase of (x, y).
S4: and according to the interference phase in the last step, performing two-dimensional Fourier transform to obtain a two-dimensional frequency spectrum of the interference phase.
S5: and constructing a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract main interference phase components based on the interference phase frequency spectrum peak region in the last step, and obtaining a current interference phase estimation value.
S6: according to the interference phase estimation value in the last step, the m channel SAR image data s is processedm,proc(x, y) performing phase compensation to obtain updateLater channel data
S7: according to the updated image data of the channel to be compensated in the last step
An interference phase distribution histogram is calculated.
S8: and judging whether the histogram distribution function in the last step is stable or whether preset times of iteration are performed currently.
S9: if the requirement of the previous step is not met, the window length of the band-pass filter is increased to order
Re-enter S3 and continue the iterative computation.
S10: if the requirement of the step S8 is met, let m be m +1, go to step S3 until the terrain interference phase compensation of all channels to be processed is completed, and output the compensated multi-channel SAR-GMTI range-doppler data result.
The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase error compensation processing result based on the self-adaptive filtering processing is obtained according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows a two-dimensional interference phase diagram of the channel 1 and the channel 2 before interference phase compensation is performed by using measured data of a four-channel SAR-GMTI system, fig. 3 and 4 show interference phase processing results after 1 iteration and 2 iterations, respectively, and fig. 5 shows an interference phase processing result after the 3 rd iteration.
Referring to fig. 6, the trend of the distribution of the interference phase histogram under three iterations is shown, and fig. 7 is an enlarged view thereof. For comparison with other methods, as shown in fig. 8, the histogram distribution after the interference phase processing of the present invention is shown in fig. 9, which is a comparison graph of the histogram distribution after the interference phase processing of the present invention and the sliding window method. The result shows that the method provided by the invention can realize effective compensation of the terrain interference phase of the actual multi-channel SAR-GMTI system, and has better processing performance compared with the existing phase compensation technology.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method, which can estimate the terrain interference phase in a self-adaptive iterative filtering mode, overcomes the limitation that the existing terrain interference phase compensation technology consumes large computing resources and is easily influenced by the environment, and realizes stable and accurate compensation of the terrain interference phase of a multi-channel SAR-GMTI system.
It is well within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement the system and its various devices, modules, units provided by the present invention in a purely computer readable program code means that the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system and various devices, modules and units thereof provided by the present invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices, modules and units included therein for implementing various functions can also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; means, modules, units for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures in both software modules and hardware components for realizing the methods.
The foregoing description has described specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a registered multi-channel SAR-GMTI image, selecting any channel as a reference channel, and sequentially processing data of other channels to be compensated;
step S2: calculating interference phases of data of a reference channel and data of a channel to be compensated, processing an interference phase spectrum through a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract an interference phase estimation value, and updating the data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation;
step S3: iterative updating of channel data to be compensated is achieved by repeating the operations for multiple times, so that interference phase histogram distribution is obtained, and terrain slow-drying interference phase compensation of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system is achieved;
judging whether the histogram distribution function is stable or whether preset times of iteration are carried out currently:
if not, increasing the window length of the band-pass filter to make the filter meet the requirement
Re-entering the step S3, and continuing to perform iterative computation;
wherein s ism,proc(x, y) represents the mth channel image data to be processed; m is 1,2, … N-1, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system;
representing SAR image data s for the m-th channelm,proc(x, y) performing phase compensation to obtain updated channel data;
If the requirement is met, the process proceeds to step S3 by setting m to m +1 until the terrain interference phase compensation of all channels to be processed is completed, and outputting the compensated multi-channel SAR-GMTI range-doppler data result.
2. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interferometric phase compensation method of claim 1, wherein the interferometric phase calculation expression is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a two-dimensional interference phase function and,
representing data obtained by conjugating SAR image data of a reference channel, scomp,m(t,fa) And m is 2,3, … and N-1, and represents other channels to be compensated SAR image data, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system, t represents a distance fast time variable, and f representsaIs a doppler frequency domain component.
3. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method according to claim 2, characterized in that two-dimensional Fourier transform is performed on the interference phase function to obtain a two-dimensional spectrum, a band-pass filter is arranged to extract a peak region of the interference phase spectrum, and an interference phase estimation value is obtained.
4. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interferometric phase compensation method of claim 3, characterized in that the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated is updated by phase compensation according to the interferometric phase estimation value.
5. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated is iteratively updated by repeating the mode of band-pass filtering and extracting the interference phase, and in each iteration, the interference phase function and the frequency spectrum thereof, the size of the band-pass filter, the interference phase estimation value and the SAR image data to be compensated are sequentially updated.
6. A multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system is characterized by comprising:
module M1: acquiring a registered multi-channel SAR-GMTI image, selecting any channel as a reference channel, and sequentially processing data of other channels to be compensated;
module M2: calculating interference phases of data of a reference channel and data of a channel to be compensated, processing an interference phase spectrum through a two-dimensional band-pass filter to extract an interference phase estimation value, and updating the data of the channel to be compensated through phase compensation;
module M3: iterative updating of channel data to be compensated is achieved by repeating the operations for multiple times, so that interference phase histogram distribution is obtained, and terrain slow-drying interference phase compensation of the multi-channel SAR-GMTI system is achieved;
judging whether the histogram distribution function is stable or whether preset times of iteration are carried out currently:
If not, increasing the window length of the band-pass filter to make the filter meet the requirement
Re-entering the step S3, and continuing to perform iterative computation;
wherein s ism,proc(x, y) represents the mth channel image data to be processed; m is 1,2, … N-1, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system;
representing the SAR image data s to the mth channelm,proc(x, y) performing phase compensation to obtain updated channel data;
if the requirement is met, the process proceeds to step S3 by setting m to m +1 until the terrain interference phase compensation of all channels to be processed is completed, and outputting the compensated multi-channel SAR-GMTI range-doppler data result.
7. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interferometric phase compensation system of claim 6, wherein the interferometric phase calculation expression is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a two-dimensional interference phase function and,
representing data obtained by conjugating SAR image data of a reference channel, scomp,m(t,fa) And m is 2,3, … and N-1, and represents other channels to be compensated SAR image data, wherein N represents the number of channels of the multi-channel SAR system, t represents a distance fast time variable, and f representsaIs the doppler frequency domain component.
8. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system according to claim 7, wherein two-dimensional Fourier transform is performed on the interference phase function to obtain a two-dimensional spectrum, and a band-pass filter is arranged to extract a peak region of the interference phase spectrum to obtain an interference phase estimation value.
9. The multi-channel SAR-GMTI terrain interference phase compensation system of claim 8, wherein the SAR image data of the channel to be compensated is updated by phase compensation according to the interference phase estimation value.
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| CN102928840A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-13 | 中国人民解放军空军装备研究院侦察情报装备研究所 | Method and device for detecting multi-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ground slow-movement targets |
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