CN113466772A - Current detection correction method based on Hall current sensor - Google Patents
Current detection correction method based on Hall current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466772A CN113466772A CN202110739623.0A CN202110739623A CN113466772A CN 113466772 A CN113466772 A CN 113466772A CN 202110739623 A CN202110739623 A CN 202110739623A CN 113466772 A CN113466772 A CN 113466772A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
- G01R35/007—Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden references"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
Abstract
The invention discloses a current detection correction method based on a Hall current sensor, which has the design concept that the characteristic relation between the output voltage and the primary side current attached to the Hall current sensor with a specific model is optimized for multiple rounds by combining factors influencing the detection precision of the Hall current sensor and the output of the Hall current sensor in the power-on and power-off stages of an electric automobile, so that the optimal corresponding relation between the output voltage and the primary side current is obtained, and then the current value to be measured, the accuracy of which is greatly improved, is obtained by utilizing the optimized target relation and the actual driving value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a current detection and correction method based on a Hall current sensor.
Background
With the popularization of electric vehicles, the cruising ability of the electric vehicles is generally concerned, and how to accurately and conveniently evaluate the residual electric quantity of the electric vehicles becomes a key. The simplest and most effective method is to calculate the SOC of the electric vehicle by adopting a current integration mode.
At present, the current integration of the electric automobile is mainly applied to a high-precision Hall current sensor to collect the current of a main loop of the electric automobile, and the high accuracy of the current integration is ensured by depending on the precision of the Hall current sensor.
However, even the precision of the hall current sensors in the same batch can be different to a greater or lesser extent, so that the calibration result is influenced when the equipment is calibrated, and the measurement result is also influenced to a certain extent. Moreover, when the hall current sensor is installed on the electric automobile, because the working principle of the hall current sensor is electromagnetic induction, electromagnetic interference can be carried out on the hall current sensor by a plurality of parts on the electric automobile, and the influence of the installation environment is not negligible particularly in a power battery and a high-voltage distribution box. In summary, when the hall current sensor is used in an electric vehicle for current collection, the accuracy of the detected value fluctuates, so it is necessary to optimize the current measured value based on the hall current sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a current detection correction method based on a hall current sensor to solve the aforementioned problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a current detection correction method based on a Hall current sensor comprises the following steps:
determining an original relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current according to the type of the target Hall current sensor;
introducing an intermediate parameter into the original relation by combining hardware factors influencing the detection accuracy of the Hall current sensor to obtain a preliminary optimization relation between the output voltage of the Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
detecting a first output voltage of the target Hall current sensor under the condition of no power-on at high voltage when the vehicle is in a power-off stage, and solving a power-off deviation factor according to the first output voltage and a rated output voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
detecting a second output voltage of the target Hall current sensor when a low-voltage load of the vehicle is in a working state in a power-on stage of the vehicle, and solving a power-on deviation factor according to the second output voltage and the first output voltage;
performing secondary optimization on the primary optimization relation based on the power-off deviation factor and the power-on deviation factor to obtain a target optimization relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
acquiring an output voltage measured value of the target Hall current sensor in the running process of the vehicle;
and obtaining a target current detection value according to the output voltage measured value and the target optimization relation.
In at least one possible implementation manner, the intermediate parameters include: the bias voltage and the bias current obtained based on the bias voltage and the total resistance of the measuring circuit;
wherein the measurement circuit total resistance has a first linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor, and the bias voltage has a second linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor.
In at least one possible implementation manner, the obtaining method of the second linear relationship includes:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
when the primary side current is 0A, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the second linear relation.
In at least one possible implementation manner, the obtaining method of the first linear relationship includes:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
under the condition of the same preset primary current value, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages; wherein the preset primary side current value is a non-0 value;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the first linear relation.
In at least one possible implementation manner, the power-down deviation factor is a ratio of a rated output voltage of the target hall current sensor to the first output voltage.
In at least one possible implementation manner, the power-on deviation factor is a difference value of the first output voltage minus the second output voltage.
In at least one possible implementation, a preset high-voltage power-on delay mechanism is implemented when the power-on deviation factor is obtained.
The design concept of the invention is that the characteristic relation between the output voltage and the primary side current (namely the current to be measured) attached to the Hall current sensor with a specific model is optimized for multiple rounds by combining the factors influencing the detection precision of the Hall current sensor and the output of the Hall current sensor in the power-on and power-off stages of the electric automobile, so as to obtain the optimal corresponding relation between the output voltage and the primary side current, and then the current value to be measured with greatly improved accuracy is obtained by utilizing the optimized target relation and the actual driving value.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a current detection correction method based on a hall current sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention provides an embodiment of a current detection correction method based on a hall current sensor, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include:
step S1, determining the original relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current according to the type of the target Hall current sensor;
step S2, combining hardware factors influencing the detection accuracy of the Hall current sensor, introducing an intermediate parameter into the original relation, and obtaining a preliminary optimization relation between the output voltage of the Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
step S3, detecting a first output voltage of the target Hall current sensor under the condition of high voltage without power-on when the vehicle is in a power-off stage, and solving a power-off deviation factor according to the first output voltage and the rated output voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
step S4, when the vehicle is in the power-on stage, detecting a second output voltage of the target Hall current sensor when a low-voltage load of the vehicle is in a working state, and calculating a power-on deviation factor according to the second output voltage and the first output voltage;
step S5, performing secondary optimization on the primary optimization relation based on the power-off deviation factor and the power-on deviation factor to obtain a target optimization relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
step S6, acquiring an output voltage measured value of the target Hall current sensor in the running process of the vehicle;
and step S7, obtaining a target current detection value according to the output voltage measured value and the target optimization relation.
In practical operation, the intermediate parameters may include: the bias voltage and the bias current obtained based on the bias voltage and the total resistance of the measuring circuit; wherein the measurement circuit total resistance has a first linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor, and the bias voltage has a second linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor.
Further, the second linear relationship may be obtained as follows:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
when the primary side current is 0A, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the second linear relation.
Similarly, the first linear relationship may be obtained as follows:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
under the condition of the same preset primary current value, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages; wherein, different from obtaining the second linear relationship, the preset primary side current value is a non-0 value;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the first linear relation.
In addition, the power-down deviation factor may specifically refer to a ratio of a rated output voltage of the target hall current sensor to the first output voltage.
Further, the power-on bias factor may be a difference of the first output voltage minus the second output voltage.
More preferably, when the power-on deviation factor is obtained as mentioned above, a preset high-voltage power-on delay mechanism may be implemented, that is, a certain measurement time is reserved at the moment of high-voltage power-on.
For ease of understanding the foregoing embodiments and their preferred versions, reference may be made herein to the following specific illustrations:
the specification, the model, the precision and the like of the target Hall current sensor can be determined according to the current acquisition requirement of the electric automobile. At present, the SOC of an electric vehicle is usually calculated by a current integration method, and the current of the electric vehicle is generally measured by a hall current sensor, so the precision of the hall current sensor affects the result of current integration, so the current integration requirement of the electric vehicle is met during model selection, and in principle, the higher the precision of the current sensor is, the better the precision is, therefore, a closed loop hall current sensor can be selected (the measurement accuracy is higher than an open loop hall current sensor, and the open loop hall current sensor is usually inferior to 1%).
Regarding the measuring range of the Hall current sensor, the Hall current sensor is required to cover the current passing through the high-voltage main loop under different working conditions of the electric automobile for a long time, and the Hall current sensor cannot be used in an overmeasuring range. The high-power part of the electric automobile is provided with a motor and a quick charge, the current is calculated by a large person, the current is enabled to be within 60% -80% of the measuring range of the Hall current sensor, and the small current measurement is considered. If the rated voltage of the power battery is 384V, the capacity is 240Ah, the fast charge is charged by 0.8C, the motor power is 40kW, the available fast charge current is 240 multiplied by 0.8 to 192A, the motor working current is 40kW divided by 384V multiplied by 1000 to 104.17A, the specification of the Hall current sensor is determined to be 192 divided by 80 percent to 240, and the Hall current sensor with the specification of 250A or 300A is selected nearby.
After the target hall current sensor Is shaped (taking a closed-loop hall current sensor as an example, also called a zero-flux hall current sensor), based on the principle, if a primary side current Ip (a main loop current of an electric automobile) changes, the magnetic field balance at an air gap Is destroyed, so that a secondary side compensation current Is (a measurement output end) changes, and the magnetic field Is balanced again:
in this formula:
is secondary compensation current;
ip is the primary current;
n is the number of turns of the secondary compensation coil around the magnetic ring, namely the scaling of the Hall current sensor, and the constant can be obtained from the Hall current sensor.
And based on the principle, outputs a voltage VOUTAnd measuring the resistance RMPositively correlated, so:
in actual operation, in order to make the measurement of the hall current sensor more accurate, factors such as the wire resistance, the application of the triode in the hall current sensor, the direction change of the secondary side compensation current Is and the like need to be considered, so that the invention proposes to optimally set a bias current Iz to realize the purpose (the bias current Iz Is formed by a bias voltage uzGenerated), and finally the current Isz passed by the secondary coil Is the vector sum of the secondary compensation current Is and the bias current Iz.
For the convenience of the following description, the secondary side compensation current Is and the bias current Iz are in the same direction as an example, so that the total current Isz Is equal to Is + Iz. Thus, the output voltage after preliminary optimization can be obtained:
in formula (1):
RMZthe total resistance of the circuits at two ends of the measuring circuit is a fixed value in the determined Hall current sensor;
Izfor considering the on-state and line resistance of the transistorBias current of voltage, etc.;
uzthe bias voltage is the bias voltage considering factors such as triode starting, line resistance voltage division and the like.
In the above formula (1), the total resistance RMZAnd an input voltage VCAnd (4) positively correlating. In particular, the same primary current I is measuredpTime, and when the bias voltage is not changed, due to the primary side current IpConstant, compensating current IsNor is it changed. When an input voltage V is given from the outsideCWhile varying, through the total resistance RMZIs constant, but its divided voltage increases with increasing input voltage and decreases with decreasing input voltage, thereby obtaining a first linear relationship, which can be expressed as:
RMZ=k1VC+m1 (1.1)
in formula (1.1):
k1、m1is a constant, and is related to the characteristics of the hall current sensor itself, which will be described later;
VCis the system input voltage of the hall current sensor.
In the formula (1), the bias voltage uzAnd an input voltage VCAnd (4) positively correlating. In particular, the same primary current I is measuredpAnd total resistance RMZWhen kept constant, due to primary current IpConstant, compensating current IsNor is it changed. But with an input voltage VCResulting in a total resistance RMZThe voltages at both ends change so that the total current IszVarying, but compensating for, the current IsIs constant, so the bias current IzVariation, i.e. bias voltage uzAnd (4) changing. So that the bias voltage follows the input voltage VCIs increased and is decreased, thereby obtaining a second linear relationship, which may be expressed as:
uz=k2VC+m2 (1.2)
in formula (1.2):
k2、m2is a constant, and is related to the characteristics of the hall current sensor itself, which will be described later;
uzis offset byA voltage.
Through the introduced parameters, the formula (1) can be updated by second optimization, and the following parameters are obtained:
from the equation (2), the final output voltage VOUTAnd primary side current IpInput voltage VCCorrelation, measuring the same primary current IpTime, output voltage VOUTBy input voltage VCIs dependent on the variable VOUTIs an independent variable VCHas a slope of(measurement of the same known Primary side Current IpThe slope is constant). To ensure the output voltage VOUTAccuracy of (1) when measuring current using a Hall current sensor in an electric vehicle, due to an external input voltage VC' associated with rated voltage V of Hall current sensorC0Difference, output voltage VOUTAccording to the external actual input voltage VC' make a correction.
With respect to the aforementioned first and second linear relationships, reference may be further made to the following:
rated input voltage V of Hall current sensor can be simulated by using standard power supplyC0Measuring the primary current IpIs 0A (I)p0) At this time, the corresponding output voltage is VOUT0. (it can also be understood as the rated output voltage of the hall current sensor). Preferably, a standard power supply can be used to simulate the Hall current sensor input voltage range VC0±u(VC0Rated input voltage for the selected hall current sensor), the voltage u is equally divided by n (n is a positive integer), and the voltage u is respectively simulated as Measuring the same primary current Ip0(0A) The corresponding output voltage V can be obtainedOUTAre each VOUT-n、VOUT-(n-1)、...、VOUT-2、VOUT-1、VOUT0、VOUT1、VOUT2、...、VOUT(n-1)、VOUTnAnd then performing function fitting according to a least square method to obtain:
order:
the following can be obtained: k is a radical of2=c1(3),m2=c2(4),c1、c2Is a constant.
Similarly, the Hall current sensor input voltage range V can be simulated by using a standard power supplyC0±u(VC0Rated input voltage for the selected hall current sensor), the voltage u is equally divided by n (n is a positive integer), and the voltage u is respectively simulated as Measuring the same primary current Ipt(arbitrary value but not 0A), a corresponding output voltage V can be obtainedOUTAre respectively V'OUT-n、V′OUT-(n-1)、...、V′OUT-2、V′OUT-1、V′OUT0、V′OUT1、V′OUT2、...、V′OUT(n-1)、V′OUTnAnd then performing function fitting according to a least square method to obtain:
order to
The following can be obtained:
United type (3), (4), (5) and (6) because of N, c1、c2、c3、c4Is a constant number, IptN is a definite value, so thatk2=c1、m2=c2. Finally, the first and second linear relationships may be determined and used to optimize the original relationship.
And then, determining the power-off deviation of the electric automobile. In actual operationIn the method, the target hall current sensor can be placed in the environment of the electric automobile (generally, the hall current sensor is arranged in a high-voltage distribution box or a power battery, and the input voltage of the hall current sensor is normally supplied), so that the key is in an OFF gear, and the high-voltage input current is 0A (namely the primary side current I at the moment)p0A), measuring the first output voltage V under the high-voltage non-electrified environment of the electric automobileOUTC1. Due to VOUTC1The accuracy of the input current measurement of the hall current sensor is influenced, and in order to ensure that the output voltage at the moment is consistent with the external calibration standard state, a first correction factor (lower electrical deviation factor) k can be determined:
and, the low-voltage power-on deviation of the electric automobile can be determined. In actual operation, a key can be screwed to an ACC gear (electric vehicle high-voltage power-on modification, preferably high-voltage power-on delay is carried out to ensure reliable acquisition of output voltage), the high-voltage input current is still 0A, but the low-voltage load of the electric vehicle is in a working state, the magnetic field of a Hall current sensor changes, so that the output voltage changes, and the second output voltage value V at the momentOUTC2Similarly, to ensure that the output voltage at this time is consistent with the external calibration standard state, the second correction factor (power-on deviation factor) a can be obtained as VOUTC1-VOUTC2。
Finally, the preliminary optimization relation (optimization result based on the influence factors) is optimized again by combining the first and second correction factors, and can be updated to be
Therefore, when the current of the electric automobile is measured, the relation between the actual output voltage of the Hall current sensor and the optimal value can be used for expression, and the measured Ip is the accurate required current value.
With regard to the obtaining of the aforementioned correction factor, reference may also be made to the following example:
for example, a Hall current sensor of a certain type has a rated input voltage of 5V (working range of 4.5V-5.5V) and a measuring range IpN300A, accuracy is 1 grade, and the relation of the output voltage is obtained as follows:
under the external standard state, the primary side current I is input by a standard power supply of 5VPAt 0A, the output voltage VOUT0Is 2.5V; at key OFF position, primary current IPAt 0A, the output voltage VOUTC1Is 2.49V; in ACC gear of key, primary current IPAt 0A, the output voltage VOUTC2At 2.48V, one can obtain:
a=VOUTC1-VOUTC2=2.49V-2.48V=0.01V
in summary, the design concept of the present invention is that, in combination with factors affecting the detection precision of the hall current sensor and the outputs of the hall current sensor at the power-on and power-off stages of the electric vehicle, the characteristic relationship between the output voltage and the primary current (i.e. the current to be measured) attached to the hall current sensor of a specific type is optimized for multiple rounds to obtain the optimal corresponding relationship between the output voltage and the primary current, and then the current value to be measured with greatly improved accuracy is obtained by using the optimized target relationship and the actual driving value.
In the embodiments of the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean that a exists alone, a and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a and b and c, wherein a, b and c can be single or multiple.
The structure, features and effects of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that technical features related to the above embodiments and preferred modes thereof can be reasonably combined and configured into various equivalent schemes by those skilled in the art without departing from and changing the design idea and technical effects of the present invention; therefore, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and all the modifications and equivalent embodiments that can be made according to the idea of the invention are within the scope of the invention as long as they are not beyond the spirit of the description and the drawings.
Claims (7)
1. A current detection correction method based on a Hall current sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining an original relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current according to the type of the target Hall current sensor;
introducing an intermediate parameter into the original relation by combining hardware factors influencing the detection accuracy of the Hall current sensor to obtain a preliminary optimization relation between the output voltage of the Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
detecting a first output voltage of the target Hall current sensor under the condition of no power-on at high voltage when the vehicle is in a power-off stage, and solving a power-off deviation factor according to the first output voltage and a rated output voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
detecting a second output voltage of the target Hall current sensor when a low-voltage load of the vehicle is in a working state in a power-on stage of the vehicle, and solving a power-on deviation factor according to the second output voltage and the first output voltage;
performing secondary optimization on the primary optimization relation based on the power-off deviation factor and the power-on deviation factor to obtain a target optimization relation between the output voltage of the target Hall current sensor and the primary side current;
acquiring an output voltage measured value of the target Hall current sensor in the running process of the vehicle;
and obtaining a target current detection value according to the output voltage measured value and the target optimization relation.
2. The hall current sensor based current sensing modification method of claim 1, wherein the intermediate parameters comprise: the bias voltage and the bias current obtained based on the bias voltage and the total resistance of the measuring circuit;
wherein the measurement circuit total resistance has a first linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor, and the bias voltage has a second linear relationship with the input voltage of the target hall current sensor.
3. The hall current sensor-based current detection correction method according to claim 2, characterized in that the second linear relationship obtaining method comprises:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
when the primary side current is 0A, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the second linear relation.
4. The hall current sensor-based current detection correction method according to claim 3, characterized in that the obtaining method of the first linear relationship comprises:
simulating a plurality of input voltages of the target Hall current sensor within a preset voltage value range by utilizing a standard power supply in advance, wherein the preset voltage value range is determined based on the rated input voltage of the target Hall current sensor;
under the condition of the same preset primary current value, measuring a plurality of output voltages corresponding to a plurality of input voltages; wherein the preset primary side current value is a non-0 value;
and according to the simulated input voltages and the corresponding measured output voltages, calculating parameters representing the first linear relation.
5. The hall current sensor-based current detection modification method of claim 1, wherein the power-down offset factor is a ratio of a rated output voltage of the target hall current sensor to the first output voltage.
6. The hall current sensor based current sensing correction method of claim 1 wherein the power-on offset factor is the difference of the first output voltage minus the second output voltage.
7. The Hall current sensor based current detection and correction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a preset high voltage power-on delay mechanism is implemented when a power-on deviation factor is obtained.
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