CN113466198A - Preparation method and application of pH fluorescence sensor - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of pH fluorescence sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466198A CN113466198A CN202110760299.0A CN202110760299A CN113466198A CN 113466198 A CN113466198 A CN 113466198A CN 202110760299 A CN202110760299 A CN 202110760299A CN 113466198 A CN113466198 A CN 113466198A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/65—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing carbon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6432—Quenching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6439—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" with indicators, stains, dyes, tags, labels, marks
Abstract
A preparation method and application of a fluorescence nano-sensor relate to a preparation method and application of a fluorescence nano-sensor. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving citric acid and urea in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, and putting the polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle into an oven for reaction to obtain a solution A; secondly, adding potassium hydroxide into the solution A, stirring, and then centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a precipitate B; and thirdly, centrifuging and washing the precipitate B twice with distilled water at a high speed, and then freeze-drying to obtain the fluorescent nano material with the pH detection function. The invention has the advantages of low cost, simple method and high detection sensitivity. The invention is used for detecting the pH value in the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a pH fluorescence sensor.
Background
In recent years, with frequent pollution events in automobiles, the problem of pollution in automobiles becomes the third pollution problem after decoration pollution and indoor PM2.5 pollution. The materials in the automobile can release formaldehyde which damages the health of human bodies, and if the materials are in the toxic environment for a long time, the health of people can be seriously threatened. The environment in the automobile is increasingly poor, and besides automobile perfume, inferior geoglue, foot pads, leather seats and even steering wheel covers, substances volatilized by adhesives are also the main cause of the problem, so that chemical pollutants such as formaldehyde in the automobile and the like are increased.
The formaldehyde can be combined with protein, and the influence on human health is mainly shown in aspects of abnormal smell, abnormal lung function, abnormal liver function, abnormal immune function and the like. After inhalation of high concentrations of formaldehyde, severe irritation of the respiratory tract and edema, ocular irritation, headache, as well as bronchial asthma can occur. The problem of formaldehyde pollution in automobiles is an important problem affecting human physical and mental health.
The nano sensor is used as a novel sensing material with the size of 0.1-100 nm, and plays an increasingly important role in the field of advanced materials. The fluorescence technology is a rapidly developed optical detection and sensing technology, has the characteristics of rapidness, stability, sensitivity and the like, and shows very important application prospects in the fields of materials science, environmental science, biomedicine and the like.
The currently developed nano-sensor for formaldehyde detection is mainly based on the principles of electrochemical detection, ultraviolet absorption, photo-ion technology and the like, and has the defects of high detection cost, long detection time consumption, dependence on large-scale instruments and equipment and the like, so that the application of the nano-sensor in actual life is severely limited.
The detection method of formaldehyde in the automobile which is widely used at present mainly comprises two methods of using a formaldehyde detector and using a formaldehyde self-testing box (detection box). The formaldehyde content can be accurately tested by using a formaldehyde detector, but the formaldehyde detector has the defect of high detection cost. The formaldehyde self-testing box (detection box) is a relatively economical, practical, convenient and feasible method, but the detection result is rough detection data obtained by comparing the naked eye with a standard colorimetric card, so that the defects of instability, low detection sensitivity and the like of the detection result exist, the detection result is easily influenced by environmental factors (temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like), and the application of the formaldehyde self-testing box (detection box) in the field of actual detection is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a fluorescent nano sensor, aiming at solving the problems of high detection cost and low detection sensitivity of the existing detection method for detecting the pH value in water environment.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fluorescent nano sensor, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving citric acid and urea in DMF (dimethyl formamide), ultrasonically dissolving at room temperature to form a uniform mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle into an oven to perform high-temperature carbonization reaction at 160 ℃, and finishing the reaction for 6 hours to obtain a solution A, namely a fluorescent carbon dot with pH response; wherein the volume ratio of the molar weight of the carbon source raw material to DMF is (14) mmol: (30) mL;
and secondly, mixing the solution A obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate. Dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product B of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs (namely B) obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution of red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
Further, the raw materials in the step one are carbon sources of Citric Acid (CA), urea and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF).
Further, in the first step, the ultrasonic power is 60-100W.
Further, the centrifugation rate in the second step is 16000 r/min.
The fluorescent nano sensor prepared by the method is applied to pH detection.
The invention can realize visual detection of different pH values in the environment.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the fluorescence chemical sensor can be applied to environmental monitoring and can be mainly divided into a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a nitrogen compound sensor, a heavy metal ion sensor and an organic pollutant sensor according to different detection objects. Among the various fluorescence chemical sensors mentioned above, the pH sensor is currently attracting attention because pH measurement is closely related to the fields of industry, agriculture, medicine, bioengineering, environment, and scientific research.
The working principle of the pH fluorescence sensor in the invention is mainly that CDs can be regarded as the core of a conjugated structure with a plurality of functional groups covered on the surface, and the conjugated structure can form an aggregate through a pi-pi stacking effect, thereby causing spectral shift. In general, H aggregation results in a blue shift of the absorption spectrum. At pH 2, the R-CDs are strongly aggregated and relatively dispersed at neutral and basic pH, corresponding to quenching under H-aggregation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method takes a carbon source as a raw material and adopts a hydrothermal carbonization method to prepare the fluorescent carbon quantum dots. Therefore, the fluorescence nano sensor can be used for visually detecting different pH values in the environment.
The carbon dots have good chemical stability, can be stably dispersed in an aqueous solution and exhibit excellent color fluorescence, so that the fluorescent nanosensor of the invention has good stability and fluorescence performance. The nano fluorescent sensor is placed under an ultraviolet lamp of 300W for 5 hours of irradiation, and no great quenching phenomenon occurs, which shows that the prepared nano fluorescent sensor has good fluorescent stability.
The invention is synthesized by one-step hydrothermal high-temperature carbonization, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost of raw materials, wide sources and simple operation. As the carbon source forms carbon quantum dots through a high-temperature carbonization process, and quantum effect is generated, the carbon quantum dots have good fluorescence performance, so that the carbon quantum dots have good fluorescence intensity, and the fluorescence efficiency can reach 57-68%. Along with the change of the pH value in the aqueous solution from low to high, the fluorescence intensity gradually increases, and the visual detection is achieved. The above shows that the fluorescence nano-sensor has good practicability and wide application prospect.
The carbon nano particles prepared by the method have uniform size and dispersibility, the synthesis method is simple, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the cost is low, the prepared product is non-toxic, the fluorescent property is better, and the visible detection of different pH values in the environment can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an ultraviolet absorption spectrum, a fluorescence excitation spectrum and a fluorescence emission spectrum of the fluorescence nanosensor prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the dependence of fluorescence of the fluorescent nanosensor prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing fluorescence emission of the fluorescence nanosensor prepared in example 1 under different pH conditions.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for preparing the fluorescent nanosensor of the embodiment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dissolving carbon source raw materials in DMF, ultrasonically dissolving at room temperature to form a uniform mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle into an oven to perform high-temperature carbonization reaction at the reaction temperature of 160 ℃, and finishing the reaction for 6 hours to obtain a solution A, namely a fluorescent carbon dot with pH response; wherein the volume ratio of the molar weight of the carbon source raw material to DMF is (14) mmol: (30) mL;
and secondly, mixing the solution A obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate. Dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product B of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs (namely B) obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution of red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: step one, the carbon source raw material is citric acid. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: in the first step, the ultrasonic power is 60-100W. The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: in the first step, the reaction temperature is 160-200 ℃. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: and finishing the reaction for 10 h in the step one. The other is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: the volume ratio of the molar weight of the carbon source raw material to the deionized water in the first step is (14) mmol: (30) and (mL). The other is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: and the centrifugation speed in the second step is 16000 r/min-17000 r/min. The other is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from one of the first to seventh embodiments in that: and the centrifugation speed in the second step is 15000 r/min. The other is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the fluorescent nano sensor can realize visual detection of different pH values in the environment.
The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention, and the following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and give detailed embodiments and specific procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
weighing 3g of citric acid and 6g of urea, dissolving in 30mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide), dissolving at room temperature under 100W ultrasound to form a uniform mixed solution, putting into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, and putting into a 160 ℃ oven to react for 6h to obtain a carbonized polymer dot with a pH detection function;
and secondly, mixing the solution obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate. Dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain a water solution of the red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
The ultraviolet absorption spectrum, fluorescence excitation spectrum and fluorescence emission spectrum of the fluorescence nanosensor prepared in this example are shown in fig. 1. The prepared nano fluorescence sensor has a large absorption area in an ultraviolet light area of 450nm-600nm, and the central absorption peak is 500 nm. The fluorescence excitation peak is 550nm, and the fluorescence emission peak is 620 nm.
The fluorescence nanosensor is in a light purple water solution state under natural illumination, and shows red fluorescence under 365 nm ultraviolet illumination.
FIG. 2 is a fluorescence-dependent spectrum of the fluorescence nanosensor prepared in this example.
FIG. 3 is a graph of fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent nanosensor at different pH values, with the fluorescence intensity increasing gradually as the pH increases.
Example 2:
weighing 3g of citric acid and 6g of urea, dissolving in 30mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide), dissolving at room temperature under 80W ultrasound to form a uniform mixed solution, putting into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, and putting into a 180 ℃ oven to react for 6h to obtain a carbonized polymer dot with a pH detection function;
and secondly, mixing the solution obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate. Dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain a water solution of the red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
Example 3:
weighing 3g of citric acid and 6g of urea, dissolving in 30mL of DMF (dimethyl formamide), dissolving at room temperature under 100W ultrasound to form a uniform mixed solution, putting into a 100mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, and putting into a 200 ℃ oven to react for 6h to obtain a carbonized polymer dot with a pH detection function;
and secondly, mixing the solution obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate. Dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain a water solution of the red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
Claims (8)
1. A method of making pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs, the method comprising the steps of:
dissolving citric acid and urea in DMF (dimethyl formamide), ultrasonically dissolving at room temperature to form a uniform mixed solution, putting the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature reaction kettle into an oven to perform high-temperature carbonization reaction at 160 ℃, and finishing the reaction for 6 hours to obtain a solution A, namely a fluorescent carbon dot with pH response; wherein the volume ratio of the molar weight of the carbon source raw material to DMF is (14) mmol: (30) mL;
mixing the solution A obtained in the step one with a KOH aqueous solution, stirring for 1min, putting the mixture into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging at a high speed to obtain a bottom precipitate, dissolving the collected precipitate in water, centrifuging at a high speed twice, washing off residual salt and alkali, and freeze-drying to obtain a dark product B of CDs;
and thirdly, adding a proper amount of the CDs (namely B) obtained in the second step into deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution of red luminous CDs, immersing the rose folded by the filter paper into the CDs solution, standing for 5 minutes, and drying to obtain the filter paper with the pH response function.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs comprises: the raw materials in the first step are carbon sources of Citric Acid (CA), urea and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF).
3. The method of preparing a pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the first step, the ultrasonic power is 60-100W.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs comprises: the reaction temperature in step one was 160 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, 2, or 4, wherein the pH responsive filter paper is treated with CDs and comprises: and finishing the reaction for 6h in the step one.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs is prepared by: the ratio of the molar weight of the carbon source raw material to the volume of DMF in the first step is (14) mmol: (30) and (mL).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs comprises: and the centrifugation speed in the second step is 16000 r/min.
8. Use of a pH responsive filter paper treated with CDs prepared according to the method of claim 1 in a pH assay.
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| CN112480914A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-12 | 西南大学 | Three-emitting carbon dot and solid room temperature phosphorescent material and synthesis method thereof |
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- 2021-07-06 CN CN202110760299.0A patent/CN113466198A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN109777407A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-21 | 东北林业大学 | A kind of double transmitting carbon quantum dots and its organic compound film, preparation method and application with pH sensibility |
| CN110044857A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-23 | 宁波大学 | A kind of preparation method of fluorescent carbon point and its application in Visual retrieval ferric ion |
| CN112226231A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 重庆邮电大学 | Multicolor fluorescent carbon quantum dot and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112480914A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-12 | 西南大学 | Three-emitting carbon dot and solid room temperature phosphorescent material and synthesis method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211001 |