CN113466168A - Method and medium for analyzing boulder gemmology characteristics, computer equipment and application - Google Patents
Method and medium for analyzing boulder gemmology characteristics, computer equipment and application Download PDFInfo
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of turquoise feature analysis, and discloses a turquoise gemology feature analysis method, a medium, computer equipment and application, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that natural turquoise and turquoise raw stone treated by using phosphate as a binding agent are used as samples, and the gemmology properties, chemical composition characteristics and vibration spectrum characteristics of the turquoise treated by using the phosphate binding agent are systematically analyzed by using a conventional gemology instrument, an infrared spectrometer, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. According to the method, the conventional gemmology test and various spectral characteristics analysis of the phosphate binder treated turquoise are carried out, the high phosphorus-aluminum ratio and the fluorescence characteristics of the phosphate binder treated turquoise are utilized to effectively identify the phosphate binder treated turquoise from the natural turquoise, the gemmology characteristics of the phosphate binder treated turquoise can be found more comprehensively, and a basis is provided for distinguishing the natural turquoise from the phosphate binder treated turquoise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of turquoise feature analysis, and particularly relates to a turquoise gemology feature analysis method, a turquoise gemology feature analysis medium, computer equipment and application.
Background
At present, turquoise is an ancient jade variety, has a full name in domestic and foreign markets, and has a very long use and wearing history. Along with stir-frying of marketing means in recent years, the turquoise is more active in the pearl treasure market, and a plurality of turquoise subjected to optimization treatment are tried to mix the pearls with fish eyes to be good.
The optimization treatment of the turquoise is mainly to improve the color, luster and density of the turquoise, and can be specifically divided into two types of organic matter filling and inorganic matter filling. The organic filling is often made of an adhesive such as an acrylic polymer or an epoxy resin. Epoxy resin and polyacrylate resin both belong to thermosetting resins, and the identification of the organic filled turquoise mainly depends on the characteristics of infrared spectrum. According to previous researches, the infrared spectrums of different acrylic ester resins are different, but the infrared spectrums of the resins are commonly characterized in that the infrared spectrums of the resins are 1730cm-1The stretching vibration absorption peak of the nearby carbonyl (C ═ O) is the strongest peak in its infrared spectrum, and the application of infrared spectroscopy and pyrolytic analysis techniques can reveal the true composition of various "turquoise" samples.
The organic silicon filling material appeared in the last years is a new attempt besides the polymer binder in the industry, and effectively avoids a plurality of characteristic infrared absorption bands for determining organic filling in a laboratory. The first did pose some difficulties for turquoise identification. However, with the progress of the identification method, the detection of the organic filling turquoise is no longer a problem, and the filling effect of the organic silicon is general, so that the organic filling turquoise is not finally and massively appeared in the market. The rest organic matter filled turquoise is very easy to detect, so the research and development work of the novel filler in the industry is not stopped all the time. The latest "porcelain" treatment of turquoise on the market today is divided into two types, one phosphate-filled and the other silicate-filled. The 'porcelain adding' treatment is a treatment method for filling the pores of the turquoise by using an inorganic bonding agent, a phosphate bonding agent or a silicate bonding agent is usually used as a filling material, and the turquoise subjected to the 'porcelain adding' treatment usually shows better texture and has better and more real filling effect. Meanwhile, the detection of a large instrument can be avoided. The inventor analyzes various researches on the optimization treatment method of the turquoise, and finds that the appearance of the turquoise treated by the phosphate bonding agent is very similar to that of the natural turquoise, and the turquoise is difficult to distinguish by using the conventional gemological test method. Therefore, a new method for analyzing the gemstones of turquoise is needed.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the appearance of the phosphate bond treated turquoise is very similar to that of natural turquoise, the turquoise treated by the phosphate bond is difficult to distinguish by using a conventional gemological test method, and the turquoise treated by the phosphate bond appearing in the market at present is sold as raw ore in the market, so that the rights of consumers are infringed.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: at present, the identification method of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binder in the industry is required to be perfected, the treatment method of the phosphate binder is different from the prior method for treating by using organic matters, but the phosphate binder is treated by using an inorganic binder with similar chemical components with the turquoise, and the identification cannot be carried out by the conventional gemmology method test, the laser Raman spectrum test, the infrared absorption spectrum and the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum which are commonly used in the industry.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: finding an effective method and a key technology for nondestructively identifying the green turquoise treated by the phosphate binder has important theoretical and practical significance for identifying the green turquoise treated by the method and standardizing the green turquoise market. The research results are popularized and publicized to relevant quality inspection stations and research fields, and the method makes contributions to the turquoise identification system and the jewelry industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a medium, computer equipment and application for analyzing the gem characteristics of turquoise.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for analyzing the gem characteristic of the turquoise comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that natural turquoise and turquoise raw stone treated by phosphate serving as a binding agent are used as samples, and a conventional gemmology instrument, an infrared spectrometer and an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer are used, and an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used for carrying out systematic analysis on the gemmology property, chemical component composition characteristics and vibration spectrum characteristics of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binding agent.
Further, the method for analyzing the boulder gemmology characteristics comprises the following steps:
an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used for testing the main quantity elements of the sample, the adopted instrument is an EDX-7000 energy dispersion type X-ray fluorescence dispersion type spectrometer, a rhodium (rh) target X-ray tube and a mypcd fluorescence detector are configured, a collimator is 3-5mm, and a collimator mylar Mylar film is used. Before testing, the used instrument is corrected by energy, and under the vacuum condition, the testing uses the working curve of turquoise, the water is normalized, and the content sum of the main oxide is close to 100%.
The main quantity elements of the sample are tested to obtain that: the turquoise treated by the phosphate binder has higher phosphorus-aluminum ratio and can be effectively identified from natural turquoise.
Further, the infrared spectrum test analysis experiment uses an instrument model of a VERTEX80 infrared spectrometer. The method for testing the sample adopts a reflection method; and carrying out the segmentation test, wherein the scanning ranges are respectively as follows: 4000-2000cm-1And 2000--1The detector is DTGS, the scanning times are 16 times or 32 times, and the resolution is 4cm-1And carrying out K-K conversion and baseline adjustment based on the test result, and summarizing corresponding infrared absorption spectrograms.
Further, the instrument model used in the test experiment of the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer is a Shimadzu UV-3000 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, the test range is 200-1200nm, a reflection accessory is adopted, the measurement mode is the reflectivity, the scanning speed is high speed, and the measured data is arranged, drawn and analyzed. And (3) analyzing the spectrum by ultraviolet visible spectrum to know that: because the peaks at different positions of the turquoise have slight shifts but the overall trend is relatively consistent, the result can be that no coloring agent is added in the technical process of treating the turquoise by the phosphate binder.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface to implement the method for turquoise gemstones.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for turquoise gemology feature analysis.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal for implementing the method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing the characteristics of turquoise using the method for analyzing the gemology characteristics of turquoise.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the method for analyzing the gem characteristics of the turquoise, 5 natural turquoise and 9 turquoise treated by the phosphate binding agent are selected as research objects, and systematic research and analysis are carried out on the gem characteristics, chemical component composition characteristics and vibration spectrum characteristics of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binding agent by using a conventional gem instrument, an infrared spectrometer, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.
Because the studies on the phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise are less, the main sample of the invention is the phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise, and the gem characteristics of the phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise can be more comprehensively summarized through the conventional gem test and the analysis of various spectral characteristics of the phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise, so that a scientific basis is provided for the identification of natural and phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise.
The research results of the invention show that the phosphate bond treated turquoise and natural turquoise have gem propertiesAlmost consistent, all have a cryptocrystalline structure, wax-like glass luster, black or white lumpy color spots and iron wires are distributed; the fluorescence of natural turquoise under an ultraviolet fluorescent lamp is usually inert, and the turquoise part treated by a phosphate bonding agent can display blue-white fluorescence distributed along the micro cracks on the surface; the sample with poor density has smaller relative density which is generally below 2.37, while the sample with high density has larger relative density which is above 2.70; the relative density of the phosphate-bonded agapultite had an average value of 2.38 lower than the average value of the relative density of the natural agapultite (2.61). The components of the sample are tested and analyzed by using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and the main components of the phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise are similar to the natural turquoise, namely CuO and Al2O3And P2O5Mainly contains certain amounts of FeO, ZnO and K2O and CaO. phosphate-Binder-treated Lupinite sample Al2O3The content of the aluminum oxide is basically below 35 percent and is slightly lower than Al in natural turquoise2O3Content (34.49% -39.91%) of P in the phosphate-bonded turquoise2O5The content of the natural turquoise is 42.32 to 53.46 percent, and the whole is slightly higher than that of the natural turquoise (41.75 to 44.05 percent); the phosphor-aluminum ratio of the green turquoise treated by the phosphate porcelain addition is 1.47-2.10, which is generally higher than that of the natural green turquoise (1.16-1.48), so the green turquoise treated by the phosphate bonding agent has higher phosphor-aluminum ratio and can be effectively identified from the natural green turquoise. The infrared absorption spectrum and ultraviolet visible spectrum research of the sample shows that the infrared and ultraviolet spectrum characteristics of the phosphate bond treated turquoise and the natural turquoise tend to be consistent. The present invention can be concluded as follows:
(1) ultraviolet fluorescence of a natural turquoise sample is mostly inert, and blue-white fluorescence is generated along surface cracks by part of turquoise treated by using a phosphate binder, so that the natural turquoise sample can be used as an important auxiliary identification characteristic of the turquoise treated by using the phosphate binder; the relative density of the phosphate-bonded agapultite had an average value of 2.38, which is lower than the average value of the relative density of the natural agapultite (2.61).
(2) XRF test results show: p of phosphate-bonded turquoise2O5The content of the green turquoise is slightly higher than that of natural turquoise, basically about 48 percent and can reach 53.46 percent at most, the phosphor-aluminum ratio of the phosphate porcelain-added green turquoise is 1.47-2.10, and is generally higher than that of the natural turquoise (1.16-1.48), so the green turquoise treated by using a phosphate bonding agent has higher phosphor-aluminum ratio and can be effectively identified with the natural turquoise.
(3) Infrared absorption spectrum analysis shows that the infrared absorption spectrum characteristics of the natural turquoise and the phosphate bond treatment turquoise are basically consistent.
(4) The analysis of the ultraviolet-visible spectrum shows that the absorption peaks at 750nm of the natural and phosphate bond-treated turquoise are commonly seen, and a sharper absorption peak is seen at 425 nm. The positions of different colors are slightly deviated, but the overall trend is relatively consistent, so that no coloring agent is added in the process of treating the turquoise by the phosphate binder.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic photomicrograph of surface features of a portion of natural and treated turquoise samples provided in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample of phosphate cement treated turquoise P1 under uv fluorescent lamp provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an XRF data scattergram of a turquoise sample provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is an infrared absorption spectrum of natural turquoise provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the infrared absorption spectrum of a phosphate-binder treated agapultite according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the infrared absorption spectra of natural and phosphate-binding agent treated turquoise provided in examples of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the UV-Vis spectrum of natural turquoise provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the UV-VIS spectrum of a phosphate-binding agent treated agapultite provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a medium, computer equipment and application for analyzing the gem characteristics of turquoise, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 9, the method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
and S101, taking natural turquoise and turquoise raw stone treated by using phosphate as a binding agent as samples.
And S102, performing systematic analysis on the gem property, the chemical component composition characteristic and the vibration spectrum characteristic of the phosphate bond-treated turquoise by using a conventional gem instrument, an infrared spectrometer, an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
Those skilled in the art can also use other steps to implement the method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise provided by the present invention, which is only a specific example.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
The filling treatment of the turquoise mainly aims at improving the color, the luster and the density of the turquoise, and the turquoise can be divided into two categories of organic filling and inorganic filling. Acrylic polymers, adhesives of epoxy resins, and the like are frequently used as organic fillers. However, the organic matter filled turquoise is very easy to detect, so the research and development work on novel fillers has not been stopped in the industry all the time. The latest "porcelain" treatment method on the market currently uses aluminum dihydrogen phosphate binder or sodium silicate binder as filler.
1. Samples and Experimental section
1.1 conventional Gerstone characteristics of phosphate Binder treated turquoise
The present invention tested and studied a total of 14 selected natural and treated agapultites, including 5 natural, 9 phosphate-binder treated agapultites (see fig. 1). The color of the phosphate binder treated turquoise samples is varied, including blue, blue-green, and the like. Part of the phosphate binder-treated agapultite had an uneven color distribution, and the sample surface had distinct black fine-grained iron lines, and the surface of all 14 samples exhibited a sub-glass-waxy gloss (sample No. N herein starts with natural agapultite, and P starts with phosphate binder-treated agapultite).
All sample testing was done at the jewelry laboratory at the university of geology (wuhan) of china. In the experiment, an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used for a sample, and the main elements of the sample are tested. The adopted instrument is an EDX-7000 energy dispersion type X-ray fluorescence dispersion type spectrometer of a gem research room of the national geology institute of university (Wuhan) and jewelry institute, a rhodium (rh) target X-ray tube and a mypcd fluorescence detector are arranged, a collimator is 3-5mm, and a collimator mylar Mylar film is used. Before testing, the used instrument is corrected by energy, and under the vacuum condition, the testing uses the working curve of turquoise, the water is normalized, and the content sum of the main oxide is close to 100%.
Infrared spectroscopy test analysis the instrument model used for the experiment was a VERTEX80 type infrared spectrometer. The method for testing the sample adopts a reflection method. Scanning range: 4000-2000cm-1And 2000--1The detector is DTGS, the scanning times are 16 times or 32 times, and the resolution is 4cm-1Based on the test resultsK-K conversion and baseline correction are carried out, and a corresponding infrared absorption spectrogram is summarized.
The instrument model used in the test experiment of the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer is a Shimadzu Japan UV-3000 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, the test range is 200-1200nm, a reflection accessory is adopted, the measurement mode is the reflectivity, the scanning speed is high speed, and the measured data is arranged, drawn and analyzed.
2. Results
2.1 basic Geographical characteristics of phosphate-Binder-treated turquoise
The invention mainly researches the conventional gemological characteristics of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binder from the aspects of the color, the luster, the transparency, the refractive index, the relative density, the hardness, the fluorescence and the like of the turquoise.
The adopted 9 turquoise raw stone samples treated by using phosphate as a binding agent mainly have blue, blue-green, light blue, dark green and the like, part of samples have obvious transition colors, and part of samples have surrounding rocks. The samples were sub-glass to waxy gloss and were not transparent. Most of the samples can see some black or spotted minerals and fine black brown iron lines and spots, and some of the samples can see some irregular spots or massive white mineral textures on the surface (see fig. 1).
The relative density of the samples was tested using a hydrostatic weighing method. Each sample was tested using the method of reading immediately 3 seconds after entry into the water and the results of the test indicated: the relative density of the phosphate-binding agent treated turquoise ranged from 2.30 to 2.54, with an average of 2.38, and the density of the natural turquoise ranged from 2.32 to 2.90, with an average of 2.61. The density of the poor-quality turquoise is smaller and is generally below 2.37, the density of the high-density turquoise is larger and is above 2.70, specific density values are shown in table 1, and the results show that: the density of the treated turquoise is less than that of the natural turquoise with the same appearance quality.
TABLE 1 Natural and processed agapultite Gem characteristics
Under an ultraviolet fluorescent lamp, a natural turquoise sample is shown to be inert under both long wave (365nm) and short wave (254nm), the fluorescence of the turquoise sample treated by phosphate binder is very weak under the long wave and the short wave, but the abnormal phenomenon that blue-white fluorescence is distributed along micro cracks on the surface of the sample can occur in part of samples (such as P1 samples). It can be used as an auxiliary identification characteristic for identifying natural and processed turquoise.
2.2 chemical composition test
The components of the sample are tested and analyzed by using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and the main components of the phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise are similar to the natural turquoise, and CuO and Al are used2O3And P2O5Mainly contains certain amounts of FeO, ZnO and K2O and CaO (see Table 2).
Table 2 sample turquoise XRF test data
phosphate-Binder-treated turquoise sample Al2O3The content of the aluminum oxide is basically below 35 percent and is slightly lower than Al in natural turquoise2O3Content (34.49% -39.91%) of P in the phosphate-bonded turquoise2O5The content of the inorganic phosphorus is 42.32-53.46 percent, the whole content is slightly higher than that of natural turquoise (41.75-44.05 percent), and the phosphorus-aluminum ratio of the turquoise treated by the phosphate bonding agent is 1.47-2.10, which is higher than that of the natural turquoise 1.16-1.48. The XRF data scattergram for the turquoise sample is shown in fig. 3.
2.3 Infrared absorption Spectroscopy characteristics
The infrared absorption spectrum of Hubei natural turquoise (see FIG. 4) is 3500cm-1-3400cm-1Relatively sharp absorption peak caused by stretching vibration of hydroxyl (Al-OH) with strong hydrogen bond appears nearby, and-OH out-of-plane bending vibration is located at 840cm-1And 790cm-1Near, 3300cm-1-3000cm-1The absorption peak generated by the region is H2Caused by O stretching vibration, approximately 3309cm-1And 3089cm-1Nearby and the absorption peak is relatively gentle, from H2The peak of bending vibration due to O is 1648cm-1In the vicinity, the absorption peak intensity was weak. Is positioned at 400cm of 1500--1The absorption peak of (A) is represented by [ PO ]4]900cm due to vibration of the radicals-1The nearby stretching vibration absorption band is weak. Is positioned at 1118cm-1、1080cm-1The absorption near the asymmetric stretching vibration is stronger, and peaks with weaker absorption, such as 1195cm, often appear beside the asymmetric stretching vibration-1、1014cm-1At 400-800cm-1Is located at 489, 561 and 591cm-1The absorption intensity of the nearby absorption band is strong.
The infrared absorption spectra of the phosphate binder-treated turquoise are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the results show that the infrared absorption spectra of the phosphate binder-treated turquoise are mainly represented by OH and H2O and [ PO ]4]The whole of the group vibration peak is consistent with the infrared absorption spectrum characteristic of the natural turquoise.
2.4 ultraviolet-visible spectral characteristics
In order to further analyze the difference of the color-causing ions of the natural and phosphate-bonded agent-treated turquoise, the invention respectively carries out the test analysis of an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer on the samples of the natural and phosphate-bonded agent-treated turquoise.
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the natural turquoise sample is shown in FIG. 7, and the natural turquoise sample has stronger absorption peaks near 430nm and mainly consists of Fe3+Due to d-d electron transition of (a); the broad slow absorption band around 600-800nm is attributed to Cu2+D-d electron transition of (2).
The ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise is shown in fig. 8, and the test result shows that the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise mainly shows a broad absorption peak near 600-800nm and a sharper absorption peak near 425nm, and the total ultraviolet-visible spectrum characteristics are consistent with those of natural turquoise. The phosphate binder is used for treating the turquoise, and the main coloring elements are Cu and Fe, and no other coloring agent is added, so that the phosphate binder is consistent with natural turquoise.
3. Results
(1) The phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise and natural turquoise are nearly identical in jewel properties, are both of a cryptocrystalline structure, have waxy-glass luster, have black or white lumpy color spots and are distributed with iron wires; the average relative density of the phosphate-binding agent-treated turquoise was 2.38, which is lower than the average relative density of the natural turquoise (2.61); the fluorescence of natural turquoise under uv fluorescent lamps is often inert, while the phosphate-binder treated turquoise fraction can exhibit a bluish-white fluorescence distributed along the surface microcracks, a phenomenon that can serve as an important secondary identifying feature for phosphate-binder treated turquoise.
(2) XRF test results showed: p of phosphate binder treated turquoise2O5The content is slightly higher than that of natural turquoise, and is basically around 48 percent, and the highest content can reach 53.46 percent. The phosphorus-aluminum ratio of the phosphate porcelain-added turquoise is 1.47-2.10 and is generally higher than that of the natural turquoise (1.16-1.48) by calculating the ratio of phosphorus to aluminum in the components, so that the turquoise treated by using the phosphate bonding agent has higher phosphorus-aluminum ratio and can be effectively identified from the natural turquoise.
(3) The infrared absorption spectrum characteristics of the natural turquoise and the phosphate bonding agent treated turquoise are basically consistent.
(4) The ultraviolet visible spectrum test shows that: natural and phosphate treated turquoise have commonly seen a broad absorption band at 600-800nm and a sharper absorption peak at 425 nm. The turquoise has different colors, the positions of the spectral peaks are slightly shifted but the overall trend is consistent, which indicates that no coloring agent is added in the process of treating the turquoise by the phosphate binder.
Because of the superior gloss, color and hardness of the phosphate-binding treatment, it is commonly sold in the jewelry market as natural raw-ore turquoise. At present, the identification of the turquoise and the optimization treatment products thereof by a jewelry quality inspection station mainly passes through infrared absorption spectrum tests, but because the infrared absorption spectrum of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binder is the same as that of the natural turquoise, the turquoise cannot be effectively distinguished by the infrared absorption spectrum, and certain difficulty is brought to jewelry identification work. Through the research, the natural turquoise and the turquoise treated by the phosphate binding agent are compared and analyzed to obtain a series of main and auxiliary identification methods, and the fluorescence characteristics and the chemical component characteristics of the turquoise treated by the phosphate binding agent need to be comprehensively considered, so that the turquoise and the natural turquoise can be effectively identified.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, is implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. The procedures or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention may be generated in whole or in part when the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for analyzing the gem characteristics of turquoise, which comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that natural turquoise and turquoise raw rock treated by using phosphate as a binding agent are used as samples, and the gemological properties, chemical composition characteristics and vibration spectrum characteristics of the turquoise treated by using the phosphate binding agent are systematically analyzed by using a conventional gemological instrument, an infrared spectrometer, an ultraviolet-visible light division gradiometer and an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.
2. The method of turquoise gemmology according to claim 1, wherein the method of turquoise gemology further comprises:
using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for the sample, and testing the main elements of the sample;
the instrument used was an EDX-7000 energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence dispersive spectrometer.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the instrument used is energy corrected prior to testing, vacuum conditions, and the test uses a working curve of turquoise, normalized to water, and the principal amount of oxides adds up to approximately 100%.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the device is an EDX-7000 energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence dispersive spectrometer equipped with a rhodium rh target X-ray tube and a mypcd fluorescence detector with a collimator of 3-5mm, using a collimator mylar.
5. The method for analyzing gemstone characteristics of turquoise stone according to claim 1, wherein the infrared spectrum test analysis experiment test sample method is a reflection method, and a segmental test is performed, and the scanning ranges are respectively: 4000-2000cm-1And 2000--1The detector is DTGS, the scanning times are 16 times or 32 times, and the resolution is 4cm-1And carrying out K-K conversion and baseline adjustment based on the test result, and summarizing corresponding infrared absorption spectrograms.
6. The method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise as claimed in claim 1, wherein the model of the testing experiment of the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer is Shimadzu UV-3000 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, the testing range is 200nm and 1200nm, the reflection fitting is adopted, the measuring method is the reflection method, the scanning speed is high speed, and the measured data is arranged, drawn and analyzed.
7. A computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for implementing the method of turquoise gemmology characterization of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed on an electronic device.
8. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of turquoise gemmology feature analysis of any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal is used for implementing the method for analyzing the gemstone characteristics of turquoise according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A method for analyzing the characteristics of a turquoise, characterized by using the method for analyzing the gemstones of turquoise according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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