CN113466073B - Conical abrasion instrument and abrasion method - Google Patents
Conical abrasion instrument and abrasion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113466073B CN113466073B CN202110734562.9A CN202110734562A CN113466073B CN 113466073 B CN113466073 B CN 113466073B CN 202110734562 A CN202110734562 A CN 202110734562A CN 113466073 B CN113466073 B CN 113466073B
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- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a conical abrasion instrument and an abrasion method, wherein the abrasion instrument comprises a working box and a plurality of abrasion mechanisms, each abrasion mechanism comprises an upper rotating shaft and a lower rotating shaft penetrating through a partition plate and extending into a test box, an attraction separator is arranged between the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, gears are sleeved on the upper rotating shaft and are in transmission connection through a transmission chain, the lower rotating shaft is provided with an abrasion executing unit, and the bottom of a pavement material test piece is pressed by a loader; the method comprises the following steps: 1. classification of anti-skid property tests; 2. a first type of anti-skid performance test; 3. and a second type of anti-skid performance test. According to the invention, the spherical supports are arranged on both sides of the conical pinch roller, so that the heights of the spherical supports can be adjusted, the stress on the inner side and the outer side of the conical pinch roller is balanced in the walking process, the pavement material can be uniformly worn, the conical pinch roller is subjected to unidirectional wear loading, the situation of a real tire is more similar, and the influence of environmental parameters on the wear of the pavement material test piece can be obtained through synchronous work of a plurality of wear mechanisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pavement material abrasion, and particularly relates to a conical abrasion instrument and an abrasion method.
Background
The road anti-skid performance can gradually decay under the environmental effect and the vehicle load effect, and the good anti-skid performance is heavy to traffic safety. In order to research the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of different pavement materials, the pavement materials are subjected to accelerated abrasion. The conventional accelerating and wearing devices at present comprise a rut meter and a small-sized annular channel accelerating and wearing meter, wherein the rut test wheel moves linearly and reciprocally, and is different from the movement of the actual vehicle tyre; the small-sized annular abrasion meter tire performs uniform circular motion, is influenced by the cylindrical shape, and the circumferential movement path of the tire tread positioned on the inner side is shorter than that of the tire tread positioned on the outer side, so that rolling friction and sliding friction exist between the tire tread positioned on the outer side and the road surface at the same time, the sliding friction on the inner side is more obvious, and the abrasion degree is uneven.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the conical abrasion instrument, which is novel and reasonable in design, and the spherical supports are arranged on both sides of the conical pressing wheel, so that the height of the conical pressing wheel can be adjusted, the stress on the inner side and the outer side of the conical pressing wheel in the walking process is balanced, the pavement material can be uniformly abraded, the conical pressing wheel is subjected to unidirectional abrasion loading, the situation is closer to the situation of a real tire, the influence of environmental parameters on the abrasion of a pavement material test piece can be obtained through synchronous work of a plurality of abrasion mechanisms, and the popularization and the use are facilitated.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a conical wear gauge, characterized in that: the abrasion mechanism comprises an upper rotating shaft positioned in the control box and a lower rotating shaft penetrating through the partition plate and extending into the test box, an engaging separator is arranged between the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, gears are sleeved on the upper rotating shaft, the gears of the abrasion mechanism are in transmission connection through a transmission chain, one end of the lower rotating shaft extending into the test box is provided with an abrasion executing unit, the abrasion executing unit comprises a screw rod and a water storage disc fixedly connected with the lower rotating shaft, the screw rod is in telescopic fit with the bottom of the lower rotating shaft through a screw adjuster, one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the bottom of the lower rotating shaft, is fixedly connected with an inner mounting block, the lower side of the water storage disc is provided with a plurality of outer mounting blocks, the inner mounting blocks and the plurality of outer mounting blocks are respectively connected through a plurality of connecting rods, conical pressing wheels of a quick pavement material test piece are sleeved on the connecting rods, spherical supports are respectively arranged at the connecting positions of the connecting rods and the inner mounting blocks and the outer mounting blocks, the bottom of the test box is provided with a through hole for the pavement material test piece extending into the bottom of the pavement material test piece through a pressing machine;
any one of the plurality of abrasion mechanisms is an active abrasion mechanism, the rest abrasion mechanisms in the plurality of abrasion mechanisms are passive abrasion mechanisms, an upper rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is an upper active rotating shaft, a lower rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is a lower active rotating shaft, an upper rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is an upper passive rotating shaft, a lower rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is a lower passive rotating shaft, and the upper active rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a motor.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: the attraction separator comprises an iron disc arranged at one end of the upper rotating shaft and an electromagnet arranged at one end of the lower rotating shaft and matched with the iron disc.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: the inner surface of the top of the test box is provided with a shaft sleeve for positioning the upper rotating shaft and a bracket for fixing the position of the motor.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: the water storage disc is a cylindrical water storage disc, and a nozzle for spraying water to the upper surface of the pavement material test piece is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical water storage disc.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: and a temperature control box is arranged outside the abrasion execution unit and the corresponding pavement material test piece.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: the upper surface of the partition plate is provided with a control box, a control board is arranged in the control box, a controller is integrated on the control board, and the suction separator, the loading machine, the motor, the nozzle and the temperature control box are controlled by the controller.
Foretell a toper wearing and tearing appearance, its characterized in that: the number of the outer mounting blocks and the connecting rods in the abrasion mechanism is three and corresponds to one, the small diameter end of the conical pressing wheel faces the inner mounting block, and the large diameter end of the conical pressing wheel faces the corresponding outer mounting block.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method for accelerating abrasion of the pavement material, which is simple in steps and reasonable in design, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, classification of anti-skid property tests: classifying the anti-skid performance tests of the pavement material test pieces, wherein the anti-skid performance tests of the pavement material test pieces comprise a first anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces with different materials under the same environment and a second anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces with the same materials under different environments;
executing the second step when the first type of anti-skid performance test is required;
executing the third step when the second type of anti-skid performance test is required;
step two, a first type of anti-skid performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, determining the number of the abrasion mechanisms to be used according to the number N of pavement material test pieces of different materials, wherein the number N of the abrasion mechanisms to be used is equal to the number N of the pavement material test pieces of different materials, the N abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and N-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the N abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and N is a positive integer not less than 2;
step 202, respectively horizontally arranging N pavement material test pieces with different materials at the bottoms of N abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, lifting the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces by using a loading machine until the pavement material test pieces are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces;
step 203, loading environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure to the pavement material test piece according to environmental parameter design requirements;
the environmental parameters of the pavement material test pieces with N different materials are the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece, and further determining the abrasion times;
204, after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the pavement material test pieces with N different materials to obtain decay rules of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces;
step three, a second type of anti-slip performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 301, setting single variables of environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the temperature, maintaining the water quantity and the applied pressure to be the same, and executing the step 302;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the water quantity, maintaining the same temperature and the same applied pressure, and executing step 303;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the applied pressure, keeping the water quantity and the temperature the same, and executing step 304;
step 302, setting the number of temperature control grades, and determining the number W of abrasion mechanisms to be put into use according to the number W of temperature control grades, wherein the W abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and W-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the W abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and W is a positive integer not less than 2;
respectively horizontally arranging W pavement material test pieces with the same material at the bottoms of W abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, jacking the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces by using a loading machine until the pavement material test pieces are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator to enable the bottom edge of the conical pinch roller to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces;
respectively inputting W different temperatures into the W pavement material test pieces, and keeping the water quantity and the applied pressure of the W pavement material test pieces the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece, and further determining the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the W pavement material test pieces to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the test pieces;
step 303, setting the quantity of water control grades, and determining the input quantity S of abrasion mechanisms according to the quantity S of the water control grades, wherein the S abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and S-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the S abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and S is a positive integer not less than 2;
respectively horizontally arranging S pavement material test pieces with the same material at the bottoms of S abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, jacking the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces by using a loading machine until the pavement material test pieces are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator to enable the bottom edge of the conical pinch roller to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces;
s different water amounts are respectively applied to the S pavement material test pieces, and the temperature and the applied pressure of the S pavement material test pieces are kept the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece, and further determining the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the S pavement material test pieces to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the S pavement material test pieces;
step 304, setting the number of applied pressure control grades, and determining the input use number Y of the abrasion mechanisms according to the number Y of applied pressure control grades, wherein the Y abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and Y-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the Y abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and Y is a positive integer not less than 2;
respectively horizontally arranging Y pavement material test pieces with the same material at the bottoms of Y abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, jacking the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces by using a loading machine until the pavement material test pieces are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator to enable the bottom edge of the conical pinch roller to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces;
applying Y different applied pressures to the Y pavement material test pieces respectively, and keeping the temperature and the water quantity of the Y pavement material test pieces the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece, and further determining the abrasion times;
and after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of Y pavement material test pieces to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the test pieces.
The method is characterized in that: in the steps 204, 302, 303 and 304, the anti-skid index parameter of the pavement material test piece can be measured by a laser section instrument, a pendulum friction instrument or T2GO, so that the anti-skid capability of the pavement material test piece is evaluated and the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test piece is obtained.
The method is characterized in that: in step 302, temperature input is regulated and controlled through a temperature control box;
in step 303, the application of the water quantity is controlled by nozzle adjustment;
in step 304, the application of the applied pressure is controlled by the loader adjustment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the abrasion instrument adopted by the invention, the anti-skid performance test of pavement material test pieces with different materials under the same environment can be realized by arranging the plurality of abrasion mechanisms, the anti-skid performance test of pavement material test pieces with the same materials under different environments can also be realized, the rotating shaft of each abrasion mechanism is divided into an upper rotating shaft and a lower rotating shaft, the suction separator is arranged between the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, the abrasion mechanism with the required number is convenient to be selected at will, the suction separators in the abrasion mechanisms put into use are in the suction state, and the rotating shaft in the suction state drives the abrasion executing unit at the bottom to work in the rotation process of the transmission chain; the suction separator is in a separation state in the residual abrasion mechanisms, when the transmission chain rotates, the upper rotating shaft in the separation state cannot drive the lower rotating shaft to rotate, so that the upper rotating shaft idles, any one abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is an active abrasion mechanism, the residual abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is a passive abrasion mechanism, the structure cost is low, the work is synchronous, the control is simple, and the popularization and the use are convenient.
2. According to the abrasion instrument adopted by the invention, the lower rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the water storage disc, the plurality of outer mounting blocks are arranged on the lower side of the water storage disc, the connecting rods provided with the conical pinch rollers are jointly connected with the inner mounting blocks fixedly connected with one end of the screw rod far away from the bottom of the lower rotating shaft, the spherical supports are arranged on the two sides of the connecting rods, the height can be adjusted, so that the conical pinch rollers are stressed uniformly on the inner side and the outer side in the walking process, the pavement materials can be uniformly abraded, the conical pinch rollers are subjected to unidirectional abrasion loading, the situation is more similar to that of a real tire, and the use effect is good.
3. According to the abrasion instrument adopted by the invention, the water storage disc provides water supply parameters for the pavement material test piece, the loading machine provides applied pressure supply parameters for the pavement material test piece, the abrasion execution unit and the corresponding pavement material test piece are provided with the temperature control box, the pavement material test piece is provided with the temperature supply parameters, and the influence of the environmental parameters on the abrasion of the pavement material test piece can be obtained through synchronous operation of the abrasion mechanisms.
4. The method has simple steps, can test the first type of anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces with different materials under the same environment, can test the second type of anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces with the same materials under different environments, loads the pavement material test pieces with environmental parameters according to environmental parameter design requirements, wherein the environmental parameters comprise temperature, water quantity and applied pressure, simultaneously sets the motor rotation speed and the abrasion time of the pavement material test pieces, and measures the anti-skid index parameters of the pavement material test pieces with N different materials after the test is finished, thereby evaluating the anti-skid performance and obtaining the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces with different materials, and is convenient to popularize and use.
In summary, the invention has novel and reasonable design, the spherical supports are arranged on both sides of the conical pinch roller, and the height can be adjusted, so that the stress on both sides of the conical pinch roller is balanced in the walking process, the pavement material can be uniformly worn, the conical pinch roller is subjected to unidirectional wear loading, the situation of a real tire is more similar, the influence of environmental parameters on the wear of the pavement material test piece can be obtained through synchronous work of a plurality of wear mechanisms, and the popularization and the use are convenient.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a wear gauge of the present invention with the upper cover plate and temperature control box removed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the wear mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the control box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a test box; 2, a control box; 3-dividing plate;
4-upper driving rotating shaft; 5-a lower driving rotating shaft; 6-upper passive shaft;
7-a lower passive rotating shaft; 8-a gear; 9-a transmission chain;
10-an iron plate; 11-an electromagnet; 12-a motor;
13-a control box; 14-a water storage disc; 15-an outer mounting block;
16-a screw; 17-an inner mounting block; 18-a conical pinch roller;
19-a spherical support; 20-pavement material test piece; 21-loader;
22-screw regulator; 23-connecting rod; 24-shaft sleeve.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the conical wearing instrument comprises a working box and a plurality of wearing mechanisms arranged in the working box, wherein the working box comprises a test box 1 and a control box 2 positioned on the upper side of the test box 1, the test box 1 and the control box 2 are separated by a partition plate 3, the wearing mechanisms comprise an upper rotating shaft positioned in the control box 2 and a lower rotating shaft penetrating through the partition plate 3 and extending into the test box 1, an engaging separator is arranged between the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, gears 8 are sleeved on the upper rotating shaft, the gears 8 of the wearing mechanisms are in transmission connection through a transmission chain 9, one end of the lower rotating shaft extending into the test box 1 is provided with a wearing execution unit, the wearing execution unit comprises a screw 16 and a water storage disc 14 fixedly connected with the lower rotating shaft, the screw 16 is in telescopic fit with the bottom of the lower rotating shaft through a screw adjuster 22, one end of the screw 16 far away from the bottom of the lower rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an inner mounting block 17, the lower side of the disc 14 is provided with a plurality of outer mounting blocks 15, the inner mounting blocks 17 and the outer mounting blocks 15 are respectively connected with a plurality of connecting rods 23 through a plurality of connecting rods 23, the connecting rods are respectively sleeved with a conical mounting block 20, the connecting rod 20 is arranged at the positions of the connecting rods 20 and the bottom of the connecting rods are respectively connected with a pavement surface of a pavement material 20, and a pavement material 20 is provided with a pavement material 20, and a pavement material is provided;
any one abrasion mechanism in the plurality of abrasion mechanisms is an active abrasion mechanism, the rest abrasion mechanisms in the plurality of abrasion mechanisms are passive abrasion mechanisms, an upper rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is an upper active rotating shaft 4, a lower rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is a lower active rotating shaft 5, an upper rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is an upper passive rotating shaft 6, a lower rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is a lower passive rotating shaft 7, and the upper active rotating shaft 4 is driven to rotate by a motor 12.
It should be noted that, through setting up a plurality of wearing and tearing mechanisms, can realize the test of the anti-skidding performance of pavement material test piece under the same environment to different materials, also can realize the test of the anti-skidding performance of pavement material test piece under different environments to same materials, the pivot of every wearing and tearing mechanism divide into upper pivot and lower pivot, be provided with the actuation separator between upper pivot and the lower pivot, be convenient for select the wearing and tearing mechanism of required quantity wantonly, the actuation separator is the actuation state in the wearing and tearing mechanism that comes into use, when the drive chain rotates the in-process, the pivot of actuation state drives the work of wearing and tearing execution unit of bottom; the suction separators in the residual abrasion mechanisms are all in a separation state, and when the transmission chain rotates, the upper rotating shaft in the separation state cannot drive the lower rotating shaft to rotate, so that the upper rotating shaft idles, any abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is an active abrasion mechanism, the residual abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is a passive abrasion mechanism, the structure cost is low, the work is synchronous, and the control is simple; the lower rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the water storage disc 14, the lower side of the water storage disc 14 is provided with a plurality of outer mounting blocks 15 and a connecting rod 23 provided with a conical pinch roller 18 in a joint connecting sleeve with an inner mounting block 17 fixedly connected with one end of a screw 16 far away from the bottom of the lower rotating shaft, spherical supports are arranged on two sides of the connecting rod 23, the height can be adjusted, so that the conical pinch roller is stressed uniformly on the inner side and the outer side in the walking process, the pavement materials can be uniformly worn, and the conical pinch roller is subjected to unidirectional wear loading, so that the situation of a real tire is more similar; the water storage disc 14 provides water supply parameters for the pavement material test piece 20, the loader 21 provides pressure application supply parameters for the pavement material test piece 20, the abrasion execution unit and the corresponding pavement material test piece 20 are provided with temperature control boxes, the pavement material test piece 20 is provided with temperature supply parameters, and the influence of environmental parameters on the abrasion of the pavement material test piece can be obtained through synchronous operation of a plurality of abrasion mechanisms.
In this embodiment, the attraction separator includes an iron disc 10 disposed at one end of the upper rotating shaft and an electromagnet 11 disposed at one end of the lower rotating shaft and engaged with the iron disc 10.
When the attraction separator needs to keep the attraction state, the electromagnet 11 is powered, and the electromagnet 11 tightly attracts the iron disc 10 at one end of the upper rotating shaft, so that the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft are connected into a whole; when the attraction separator needs to keep a separation state, the electromagnet 11 is powered off, no attraction exists between the electromagnet 11 and the iron disc 10 at one end of the upper rotating shaft, and when the upper rotating shaft rotates, the lower rotating shaft does not move.
In this embodiment, a shaft sleeve for positioning the upper rotating shaft and a bracket for fixing the position of the motor 12 are arranged on the inner surface of the top of the test chamber 1.
In this embodiment, the water storage tray 14 is a cylindrical water storage tray, and a nozzle for spraying water to the upper surface of the pavement material test piece 20 is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical water storage tray.
In this embodiment, a temperature control box is disposed outside the abrasion execution unit and the corresponding pavement material test piece 20.
In this embodiment, the upper surface of the partition plate 3 is provided with a control box 13, a control board is disposed in the control box 13, a controller is integrated on the control board, and the suction separator, the loader 21, the motor 12, the nozzle and the temperature control box are all controlled by the controller.
In this embodiment, the number of the outer mounting blocks 15 and the connecting rods 23 in the abrasion mechanism is three and corresponds to one another, the small diameter end of the conical pressing wheel 18 faces the inner mounting block 17, and the large diameter end of the conical pressing wheel 18 faces the corresponding outer mounting block 15.
A method of accelerating wear of pavement material as shown in fig. 4, comprising the steps of:
step one, classification of anti-skid property tests: classifying the anti-skid performance tests of the pavement material test pieces 20, wherein the anti-skid performance tests of the pavement material test pieces comprise a first anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces 20 with different materials under the same environment and a second anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces 20 with the same materials under different environments;
executing the second step when the first type of anti-skid performance test is required;
executing the third step when the second type of anti-skid performance test is required;
step two, a first type of anti-skid performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, determining the number of the abrasion mechanisms to be used according to the number N of pavement material test pieces 20 of different materials, wherein the number N of the abrasion mechanisms to be used is equal to the number N of the pavement material test pieces 20 of different materials, the N abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and N-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the N abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and N is a positive integer not less than 2;
step 202, respectively horizontally arranging N pavement material test pieces 20 made of different materials at the bottoms of N abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, lifting the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces 20 by using a loader 21 until the pavement material test pieces 20 are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator 22 to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller 18 to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces 20;
step 203, loading environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure to the pavement material test piece 20 according to the environmental parameter design requirement;
the environmental parameters of the pavement material test pieces 20 of the N different materials are the same;
setting the rotating speed of the motor 12 and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece 20 at the same time, and further determining the abrasion times;
204, after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the pavement material test pieces 20 with N different materials to obtain decay rules of the anti-skid performance;
step three, a second type of anti-slip performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 301, setting single variables of environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the temperature, maintaining the water quantity and the applied pressure to be the same, and executing the step 302;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the water quantity, maintaining the same temperature and the same applied pressure, and executing step 303;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the applied pressure, keeping the water quantity and the temperature the same, and executing step 304;
step 302, setting the number of temperature control grades, and determining the number W of abrasion mechanisms to be put into use according to the number W of temperature control grades, wherein the W abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and W-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the W abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and W is a positive integer not less than 2;
the method comprises the steps that W pavement material test pieces 20 with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of W abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces 20 are lifted by a loader 21 until the pavement material test pieces 20 are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a screw adjuster 22 is adjusted to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller 18 to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces 20;
respectively inputting W different temperatures to the W pavement material test pieces 20, and keeping the water quantity and the applied pressure of the W pavement material test pieces 20 the same;
setting the rotating speed of the motor 12 and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece 20 at the same time, and further determining the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the W pavement material test pieces 20 to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces;
step 303, setting the quantity of water control grades, and determining the input quantity S of abrasion mechanisms according to the quantity S of the water control grades, wherein the S abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and S-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the S abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and S is a positive integer not less than 2;
s pavement material test pieces 20 with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of S abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces 20 are lifted by a loader 21 until the pavement material test pieces 20 are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a screw adjuster 22 is adjusted to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller 18 to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces 20;
s different water amounts are respectively applied to the S pavement material test pieces 20, and the temperature and the applied pressure of the S pavement material test pieces 20 are kept the same;
setting the rotating speed of the motor 12 and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece 20 at the same time, and further determining the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the S pavement material test pieces 20 to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the S pavement material test pieces;
step 304, setting the number of applied pressure control grades, and determining the input use number Y of the abrasion mechanisms according to the number Y of applied pressure control grades, wherein the Y abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and Y-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the Y abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and Y is a positive integer not less than 2;
the method comprises the steps that Y pavement material test pieces 20 with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of Y abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces 20 are lifted by a loader 21 until the pavement material test pieces 20 are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a spiral regulator 22 is regulated to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller 18 to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces 20;
applying Y different applied pressures to the Y pavement material test pieces 20 respectively, and keeping the temperature and the water quantity of the Y pavement material test pieces 20 the same;
setting the rotating speed of the motor 12 and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece 20 at the same time, and further determining the abrasion times;
and after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the Y pavement material test pieces 20 to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces.
In the embodiment, in steps 204, 302, 303 and 304, the anti-skid index parameter of the pavement material test piece 20 can be measured by a laser profiler, a pendulum friction meter or a T2GO, so as to evaluate the anti-skid capability and obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid capability.
In this embodiment, in step 302, the temperature is input and controlled by a temperature control box;
in step 303, the application of the water quantity is controlled by nozzle adjustment;
in step 304, the application of the applied pressure is controlled by the loader 21.
When the method is used, the steps are simple, the first-class anti-skid performance test can be carried out on pavement material test pieces of different materials under the same environment, the second-class anti-skid performance test can be carried out on pavement material test pieces of the same materials under different environments, the pavement material test pieces are loaded with environmental parameters according to environmental parameter design requirements, the environmental parameters comprise temperature, water quantity and applied pressure, meanwhile, the motor rotation speed and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test pieces are set, after the test is finished, the anti-skid index parameters of the pavement material test pieces of N different materials are measured, and further the anti-skid capacity of the pavement material test pieces is evaluated, and the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces is obtained.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A conical wear gauge, characterized in that: comprises a working box and a plurality of abrasion mechanisms arranged in the working box, wherein the working box comprises a test box (1) and a control box (2) positioned at the upper side of the test box (1), the test box (1) and the control box (2) are separated by a partition plate (3), the abrasion mechanisms comprise an upper rotating shaft positioned in the control box (2) and a lower rotating shaft penetrating through the partition plate (3) and stretching into the test box (1), an engaging separator is arranged between the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, a gear (8) is sleeved on the upper rotating shaft, the gears (8) of the plurality of abrasion mechanisms are connected through a transmission chain (9), one end of the lower rotating shaft extending into the test box (1) is provided with an abrasion execution unit, the abrasion execution unit comprises a screw (16) and a water storage disc (14) fixedly connected with the lower rotating shaft, the screw (16) is in telescopic fit with the bottom of the lower rotating shaft through a screw adjuster (22), one end of the screw (16) far away from the bottom of the lower rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an inner mounting block (17), the lower side of the water storage disc (14) is provided with a plurality of outer mounting blocks (15), the inner mounting blocks (17) and the inner rotating shaft and the outer rotating shaft (23) are respectively connected with a plurality of conical press wheels (23) through a plurality of connecting rods (23), spherical supports (19) are arranged at the connecting positions of the connecting rod (23) and the inner mounting block (17) and the outer mounting block (15), through holes for the pavement material test piece (20) to extend into are formed in the bottom plate of the test box (1), and the bottom of the pavement material test piece (20) is pressed by a loader (21);
any one abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is an active abrasion mechanism, the rest abrasion mechanism in the abrasion mechanisms is a passive abrasion mechanism, an upper rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is an upper active rotating shaft (4), a lower rotating shaft in the active abrasion mechanism is a lower active rotating shaft (5), an upper rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is an upper passive rotating shaft (6), a lower rotating shaft in the passive abrasion mechanism is a lower passive rotating shaft (7), and the upper active rotating shaft (4) is driven to rotate through a motor (12).
2. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the attraction separator comprises an iron disc (10) arranged at one end of the upper rotating shaft and an electromagnet (11) arranged at one end of the lower rotating shaft and matched with the iron disc (10).
3. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the inner surface of the top of the test box (1) is provided with a shaft sleeve (24) for positioning the upper rotating shaft and a bracket for fixing the position of the motor (12).
4. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the water storage disc (14) is a cylindrical water storage disc, and a nozzle for spraying water to the upper surface of the pavement material test piece (20) is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical water storage disc.
5. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 4 wherein: and a temperature control box is arranged outside the abrasion executing unit and the corresponding pavement material test piece (20).
6. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 5 wherein: the upper surface of the partition plate (3) is provided with a control box (13), a control board is arranged in the control box (13), a controller is integrated on the control board, and the suction separator, the loading machine (21), the motor (12), the nozzle and the temperature control box are controlled by the controller.
7. A cone shaped wear gauge in accordance with claim 1 wherein: the number of the outer mounting blocks (15) and the connecting rods (23) in the abrasion mechanism is three and corresponds to one, the small diameter end of the conical pressing wheel (18) faces the inner mounting block (17), and the large diameter end of the conical pressing wheel (18) faces the corresponding outer mounting block (15).
8. A method of accelerating wear of pavement material using the wear gauge of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, classification of anti-skid property tests: the method comprises the steps of performing anti-skid performance test classification on pavement material test pieces (20), wherein the anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces comprises a first type of anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces (20) with different materials under the same environment and a second type of anti-skid performance test of the pavement material test pieces (20) with the same materials under different environments;
executing the second step when the first type of anti-skid performance test is required;
executing the third step when the second type of anti-skid performance test is required;
step two, a first type of anti-skid performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 201, determining the number of the abrasion mechanisms to be used according to the number N of pavement material test pieces (20) of different materials, wherein the number N of the abrasion mechanisms to be used is equal to the number N of the pavement material test pieces (20) of different materials, the N abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and N-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the N abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and N is a positive integer not less than 2;
step 202, respectively horizontally arranging N pavement material test pieces (20) with different materials at the bottoms of N wearing mechanisms which are put into use, lifting the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces (20) by using a loader (21) until the pavement material test pieces (20) are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding wearing mechanisms, and adjusting a spiral regulator (22) to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller (18) to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces (20);
step 203, loading environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure to the pavement material test piece (20) according to the environmental parameter design requirement;
the environmental parameters of the pavement material test pieces (20) made of N different materials are the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor (12) and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece (20), so as to determine the abrasion times;
204, after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the pavement material test pieces (20) made of N different materials to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the pavement material test pieces;
step three, a second type of anti-slip performance test is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 301, setting single variables of environmental parameters including temperature, water quantity and applied pressure;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the temperature, maintaining the water quantity and the applied pressure to be the same, and executing the step 302;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the water quantity, maintaining the same temperature and the same applied pressure, and executing step 303;
when the single variable of the environmental parameter is the applied pressure, keeping the water quantity and the temperature the same, and executing step 304;
step 302, setting the number of temperature control grades, and determining the number W of abrasion mechanisms to be put into use according to the number W of temperature control grades, wherein the W abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and W-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the W abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and W is a positive integer not less than 2;
the method comprises the steps that W pavement material test pieces (20) with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of W abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces (20) are lifted by a loader (21) until the pavement material test pieces (20) are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a spiral regulator (22) is regulated to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller (18) to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces (20);
respectively inputting W different temperatures into the W pavement material test pieces (20), and keeping the water quantity and the applied pressure of the W pavement material test pieces (20) the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor (12) and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece (20), so as to determine the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the W pavement material test pieces (20) to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the test pieces;
step 303, setting the quantity of water control grades, and determining the input quantity S of abrasion mechanisms according to the quantity S of the water control grades, wherein the S abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and S-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the S abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and S is a positive integer not less than 2;
s pavement material test pieces (20) with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of S abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces (20) are jacked by a loader (21) until the pavement material test pieces (20) are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a spiral regulator (22) is regulated to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller (18) to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces (20);
s pieces of water with different amounts are respectively applied to S pieces of pavement material (20), and the temperature and the applied pressure of the S pieces of pavement material (20) are kept the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor (12) and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece (20), so as to determine the abrasion times;
after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of the S pavement material test pieces (20) to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the S pavement material test pieces;
step 304, setting the number of applied pressure control grades, and determining the input use number Y of the abrasion mechanisms according to the number Y of applied pressure control grades, wherein the Y abrasion mechanisms comprise an active abrasion mechanism and Y-1 passive abrasion mechanisms, the suction separators in the Y abrasion mechanisms are in suction states, the suction separators in the rest abrasion mechanisms are in separation states, and Y is a positive integer not less than 2;
the method comprises the steps that Y pavement material test pieces (20) with the same material are respectively and horizontally arranged at the bottoms of Y abrasion mechanisms which are put into use, the bottoms of the pavement material test pieces (20) are lifted by a loader (21) until the pavement material test pieces (20) are abutted with the bottoms of the corresponding abrasion mechanisms, and a spiral regulator (22) is regulated to enable the bottom edge of a conical pinch roller (18) to be horizontal and contact with the pavement material test pieces (20);
applying Y different applied pressures to the Y pavement material test pieces (20) respectively, and keeping the temperature and the water quantity of the Y pavement material test pieces (20) the same;
simultaneously setting the rotating speed of the motor (12) and the abrasion duration of the pavement material test piece (20), so as to determine the abrasion times;
and after the test is finished, measuring the anti-skid index parameters of Y pavement material test pieces (20) to obtain the decay rule of the anti-skid performance of the test pieces.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: in the steps 204, 302, 303 and 304, the anti-skid index parameter of the pavement material test piece (20) can be measured by a laser section instrument, a pendulum friction instrument or T2GO, so that the anti-skid capability of the pavement material test piece is evaluated and the decay rule of the anti-skid capability of the pavement material test piece is obtained.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein: in step 302, temperature input is regulated and controlled through a temperature control box;
in step 303, the application of the water quantity is controlled by nozzle adjustment;
in step 304, the application of the applied pressure is controlled by the loader (21) regulation.
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| JP2007278829A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-25 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Accelerated testing machine of elastic paving material |
| CN110702590A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2020-01-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Indoor wearing and tearing device that accelerates of bituminous mixture |
| CN110823744A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 云南省公路科学技术研究院 | Loop type small accelerated wear instrument for asphalt pavement and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10718699B2 (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2020-07-21 | William B. Coe | Rolling cyclic fatigue test platform for determining asphalt ductility |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007278829A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-25 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | Accelerated testing machine of elastic paving material |
| CN110702590A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2020-01-17 | 长沙理工大学 | Indoor wearing and tearing device that accelerates of bituminous mixture |
| CN110823744A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 云南省公路科学技术研究院 | Loop type small accelerated wear instrument for asphalt pavement and use method thereof |
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