CN113464945A - Low-carbon raw material decarburization treatment system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Low-carbon raw material decarburization treatment system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system and a processing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of low-carbon raw material processing. The low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system comprises a boiler, wherein the boiler is a cyclone combustion furnace, a preheating device is arranged on a flue of the boiler, and the preheating device preheats the low-carbon raw material by utilizing heat in smoke gas combusted by the boiler so as to meet the combustion condition of the cyclone combustion furnace. According to the low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system and the processing method thereof, the cyclone furnace and the flue gas waste heat recovery are adopted to preheat the low-carbon raw material, and combustion of low-carbon fuel is realized under the condition that only combustion-supporting gas is used, so that the high-efficiency utilization of the low-carbon raw material is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon raw material treatment, in particular to a low-carbon raw material decarburization treatment system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of society and economy, the yield of carbon-containing solid wastes is increased, such as gasified ash, household garbage, agricultural wastes and the like; the carbon content in the solid waste is usually low, and the carbon content is usually below 35 percent, so that the solid waste is a low-carbon raw material; at present, carbon-containing waste pollution is one of the main environmental pollution problems in China, and how to effectively treat the carbon-containing waste pollution is related to the environmental safety of China and the health of people. At present, the solid waste in China is mainly treated in a burying mode or an incineration mode in the treatment process, the burying mode not only causes pollution to land resources, but also causes a great deal of renewable resource waste, and the current sustainable development requirement is difficult to meet.
The domestic incineration mode is mainly based on the traditional pulverized coal furnace, in the whole hearth combustion process, the intersection speed of solid-gas media in a local area tends to zero, the retention time of material combustion in the furnace is limited, the volume of a combustion chamber is still quite large, the carbon burnout rate is low, and meanwhile, when the pulverized coal furnace is used as a combustion furnace for low-carbon fuels such as gasified ash and slag, the gasified ash and slag after being dried in time still has the characteristics of large ash content, low volatile component and low carbon content and cannot be directly combusted in the pulverized coal furnace, so most of the pulverized coal co-combustion modes adopt a pulverized coal co-combustion mode and have a limited co-combustion proportion, and the cyclone furnace is characterized in that vortex combustion is organized in a cylindrical hearth, the combustion process is very strong, the volumetric heat intensity of the hearth is obviously improved, and the volume of the boiler is reduced. The combustion efficiency is greatly improved by strengthening the combustion process, so the combustion of low-carbon fuels such as gasified ash slag and the like is realized under the development of the invention.
Therefore, the applicant inherits the experience of abundant design development and actual manufacturing of the related industry for many years, researches and improves the existing structure and deficiency, and provides a low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system and a processing method thereof so as to achieve the purpose of higher practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system and a processing method thereof, which solve the problem that the traditional pulverized coal furnace can not directly burn the low-carbon raw material.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system comprises a boiler, wherein the boiler is a cyclone combustion furnace, a preheating device is arranged on a flue of the boiler, and the preheating device preheats the low-carbon raw material by utilizing heat in smoke gas combusted by the boiler so as to meet the combustion condition of the cyclone combustion furnace.
Preferably, an air preheater, a preheating device, an induced draft fan and a bag type dust collector are sequentially arranged on a flue of the boiler.
Preferably, a slag pool is arranged below the slag discharge port of the boiler.
Preferably, the finished product slag storage bin is included, a slag dragger is arranged near the slag pool, and the slag dragger can transport slag in the slag pool to the finished product slag storage bin.
Preferably, the flue outlet of the boiler is communicated with the flue gas side inlet of the air preheater, the flue gas side outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the draught fan, and the air side outlet of the air preheater is communicated with the boiler.
Preferably, an air side outlet of the air preheater is divided into a primary air channel and a secondary air channel, the primary air channel is communicated with the upper end of the boiler, and the secondary air channel is tangent to the wall of the boiler.
Preferably, combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the boiler.
A processing method of a low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preheating the low-carbon raw material by using hot flue gas at 500 ℃ in a preheating device and then conveying the low-carbon raw material to a boiler;
step two: carrying out decarburization reaction on the preheated low-carbon raw material and preheated air in a boiler to generate 2.67t/h finished slag and 17t/h steam;
step three: furnace slag generated by boiler combustion falls into a water-cooled slag pool at the lower part of the cyclone furnace under the action of gravity, and the water-cooled slag pool has the functions of cooling the slag pool and caching finished product furnace slag;
step four: fishing out the finished product slag in the slag pool through a slag conveyor and sending the finished product slag into a slag bin;
step five: the finished product slag in the slag bin can be recycled;
step six: the hot flue gas generated by the boiler exchanges heat with air in the air preheater to obtain hot air, and the air preheater is provided with a cyclone telescopic soot blower for removing ash of the air preheater;
step seven: one part of the hot air is taken as primary air and is conveyed to a boiler through a primary air pipeline to carry out combustion reaction with the low-carbon raw material;
step eight: the other part of the hot air is taken as secondary air and is conveyed to the boiler through a secondary air pipeline to carry out combustion reaction with the low-carbon raw material, the generation of nitrogen oxides can be reduced by adopting graded oxygen supply, the environment is protected, the secondary air enters the boiler from the tangential direction, the full combustion of materials is facilitated, and the carbon conversion rate is high;
step nine: the flue gas cooled by the preheating device and the air preheater enters the bag-type dust collector under the action of the induced draft fan;
step ten: and the cooled flue gas is purified in a bag-type dust collector and then enters a subsequent flue gas purification system, and the flue gas reaching the standard is discharged into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the heating value of the low carbon feedstock is less than 3000 kcal/kg.
Preferably, the low-carbon raw material is one of gasified ash, coal gangue, sludge, oil sludge and household garbage.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a low-carbon raw material decarburization treatment system and a treatment method thereof. The method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system and the processing method thereof, the cyclone furnace and the flue gas waste heat recovery are adopted to preheat the low-carbon raw material, and combustion of low-carbon fuel is realized under the condition that only combustion-supporting gas is used, so that the high-efficiency utilization of the low-carbon raw material is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a preheating device; 2. a boiler; 3. a slag pool; 4. a slag conveyor; 5. storing finished slag in a bin; 6. an air preheater; 7. a primary air channel; 8. a secondary air channel; 9. an induced draft fan; 10. provided is a bag type dust collector.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following examples are all carried out in the system provided in the technical scheme, and the processing method of the low-carbon raw material decarburization processing system in the technical scheme is adopted.
Example 1:
(1) the low-carbon raw material is gasification ash (with preheater)
The following table shows specific parameters of the gasification ash:
| serial number | Analysis index | (symbol) | Numerical value | |
| 1 | All water | Mt | 50％ | |
| 2 | Analyzing | Mad | 2％ | |
| 3 | Ash content of air-dried base | Aad | 68.6％ | |
| 4 | Air-dried fixed carbon | FCad | 29.4％ | |
| 5 | Volatile matter of air drying base | Vad | ～0％ | |
| 6 | Low calorific value of received power | Qnet.d | 2300kcal/kg |
(2) Combustion-supporting gas parameters: natural gas 900Nm3/h
(3) Feeding parameters: feeding amount: 25t/h, the temperature before preheating is 25 ℃, and the temperature after preheating is 150 ℃.
(4) Primary air temperature, air volume and air pressure: 500 ℃, 30940Nm3/h, 35kPa
(5) Secondary air temperature, air quantity and air pressure: 13260Nm3/h, 35kPa at 500 DEG C
(6) Draught fan air quantity and air pressure: 45200Nm3/h, 15kPa
(7) Furnace parameters: the reaction temperature is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 25kPa
(8) The structure and the arrangement mode of the water wall are as follows: arranged vertically
(9) Water supply pressure and flow rate: the water supply flow is 18t/h, and the temperature is 20 ℃.
(10) Steam pressure, temperature, flow: 2.5Mpa saturated steam, and the steam yield is 17 t/h.
(11) Air temperature: 25 ℃ before preheating and 500 ℃ after preheating.
(12) The flue gas temperature comprises parameters before and after the air preheater, parameters before and after the preheater and flow: the flue gas flow rate is 45200Nm3/h, the front 900 ℃ of the air preheater and the rear 620 ℃ of the air preheater.
(13) Content of contaminants: the dust content after dust removal is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm 3.
(14) The quality of the furnace slag: the carbon content is less than or equal to 1 percent.
(15) The system thermal efficiency: 28 percent of
Example 2: the low-carbon raw material is gasification ash (without preheater)
(1) By gasification ash (without preheating)
| Serial number | Analysis index | (symbol) | Numerical value |
| 1 | All water | Mt | 50％ |
| 2 | Analyzing water | Mad | 2％ |
| 3 | Ash content of air-dried base | Aad | 68.6％ |
| 4 | Air-dried fixed carbon | FCad | 29.4％ |
| 5 | Volatile matter of air drying base | Vad | ～0％ |
| 6 | Low calorific value of received power | Qnet.d | 2300kcal/kg |
(2) Combustion-supporting gas parameters: natural gas 900Nm3/h
(3) Feeding parameters: feeding amount: 25t/h
(4) Primary air temperature, air volume and air pressure: 500 ℃, 30940Nm3/h, 35kPa
(5) Secondary air temperature, air quantity and air pressure: 13260Nm3/h, 35kPa at 500 DEG C
(6) Draught fan air quantity and air pressure: 45200Nm3/h, 15kPa
(7) Furnace parameters: the reaction temperature is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 25kPa
(8) The structure and the arrangement mode of the water wall are as follows: arranged vertically
(9) Water supply pressure and flow rate: the water supply flow is 31.5t/h, and the water supply temperature is 20 ℃.
(10) Steam pressure, flow rate: 2.5Mpa saturated steam, and the steam yield is 30 t/h.
(11) Air temperature: 25 ℃ before preheating and 500 ℃ after preheating.
(12) The parameters of the flue gas temperature air preheater are as follows: the flue gas flow rate is 45200Nm3/h, the front 900 ℃ of the air preheater and the rear 620 ℃ of the air preheater.
(13) Content of contaminants: the dust content after dust removal is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm 3.
(14) The quality of the furnace slag: the carbon content is less than or equal to 1 percent.
(15) The system thermal efficiency: 33 percent
Example 3: low-carbon raw material for biomass gasification (with preheater)
(1) By gasification of biomass
| Serial number | Analysis index | (symbol) | Numerical value |
| 1 | All water | Mt | 6.29％ |
| 2 | Analyzing water | Mad | 5.87％ |
| 3 | Ash content of air-dried base | Aad | 16.07％ |
| 4 | Air-dried fixed carbon | FCad | 13.85％ |
| 5 | Volatile matter of air drying base | Vad | 64.21％ |
| 6 | Low calorific value of received power | Qnet.d | 3429kcal/kg |
(2) Combustion-supporting gas parameters: natural gas 300Nm3/h
(3) Feeding parameters: feeding amount: 5t/h, the temperature before preheating is 25 ℃, and the temperature after preheating is 250 ℃.
(4) Primary air temperature, air volume and air pressure: 550 ℃, 13180Nm3/h, 35kPa
(5) Secondary air temperature, air quantity and air pressure: 550 ℃, 5650Nm3/h, 35kPa
(6) Draught fan air quantity and air pressure: 22450Nm3/h, 15kPa
(7) Furnace parameters: the reaction temperature is more than or equal to 1400 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 25kPa
(8) The structure and the arrangement mode of the water wall are as follows: arranged vertically
(9) Water supply pressure and flow rate: determining steam pressure according to project conditions; the water supply flow is 7.5/h.
(10) Steam pressure, flow rate: 2.5Mpa saturated steam, and the steam yield is 7.2 t/h.
(11) Air temperature: 25 ℃ before preheating and 550 ℃ after preheating.
(12) Flue gas temperature and flow: the flue gas flow rate is 18830Nm3/h, 900 ℃ before the air preheater and 551 ℃ after the air preheater.
(13) Content of contaminants: the dust content after dust removal is less than or equal to 10mg/Nm 3.
(14) The quality of the furnace slag: the carbon content is less than or equal to 1 percent.
(15) The system thermal efficiency: 60 percent of
The thermal efficiency of the system is low in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 because the moisture of the gasification ash is large, because a large amount of heat is used for drying and preheating the gasification ash, but high-grade energy (2.5MPa saturated steam) is obtained for the combustion of the gasification ash, and the processing speed of the gasification ash or other low-carbon fuels is accelerated.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a low carbon raw materials decarbonization processing system, includes boiler (2), its characterized in that: the boiler (2) is a cyclone combustion furnace, a preheating device (1) is arranged on a flue of the boiler (2), and the preheating device (1) preheats the low-carbon raw material by using heat in smoke gas combusted by the boiler (2) so as to meet the combustion condition of the cyclone combustion furnace.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: an air preheater (6), a preheating device (1), an induced draft fan (9) and a bag type dust collector (10) are sequentially arranged on a flue of the boiler (2).
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system further comprises: and a slag pool (3) is arranged below the slag discharge port of the boiler (2).
4. The system for decarbonizing low-carbon raw materials according to claim 3, comprising a finished slag storage bin (5), characterized in that: a slag conveyor (4) is arranged near the slag pool (3), and the slag conveyor (4) can convey slag in the slag pool (3) to a finished product slag storage bin (5).
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the system further comprises: the flue outlet of the boiler (2) is communicated with the flue gas side inlet of the air preheater (6), the flue gas side outlet of the air preheater (6) is communicated with the draught fan (9), and the air side outlet of the air preheater (6) is communicated with the boiler (2).
6. The system of claim 5, wherein: the air side outlet of the air preheater (6) is divided into a primary air channel (7) and a secondary air channel (8), the primary air channel (7) is communicated with the upper end of the boiler (2), and the secondary air channel (8) is tangent to the wall of the boiler (2).
7. The system for decarbonizing a low-carbon raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the boiler (2).
8. A method for processing a low carbon raw material using the system for decarbonizing a low carbon raw material of claim 7, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the low-carbon raw material is preheated by hot flue gas in the preheating device (1) and then is conveyed to the boiler (2);
step two: the preheated low-carbon raw material and preheated air are subjected to decarburization reaction in a boiler (2) to generate finished slag and steam;
step three: furnace slag generated by combustion of the boiler (2) falls into a water-cooled slag pool at the lower part of the cyclone furnace under the action of gravity, and the water-cooled slag pool has the functions of cooling a slag pool and caching finished product furnace slag;
step four: fishing out the finished product slag in the slag pool through a slag conveyor and sending the finished product slag into a slag bin;
step five: the finished product slag in the slag bin can be recycled;
step six: the hot flue gas generated by the boiler (2) exchanges heat with air in the air preheater (6) to obtain hot air, and the air preheater (6) is provided with a cyclone telescopic soot blower for removing ash from the air preheater (6);
step seven: one part of the hot air is taken as primary air and is conveyed to the boiler (2) through a primary air pipeline (7) to carry out combustion reaction with the low-carbon raw material;
step eight: the other part of the hot air is taken as secondary air and is conveyed to the boiler (2) through a secondary air pipeline (8) to carry out combustion reaction with the low-carbon raw material, and the secondary air enters the boiler (2) from the tangential direction;
step nine: the flue gas cooled by the preheating device (1) and the air preheater (6) enters a bag-type dust collector (10) under the action of a draught fan (9);
step ten: and the cooled flue gas is purified in a bag-type dust collector and then enters a subsequent flue gas purification system, and the flue gas reaching the standard is discharged into the atmosphere.
9. The method of processing a low carbon feedstock as recited in claim 8, wherein: the calorific value of the low carbon feedstock is less than 3000 kcal/kg.
10. The method of processing a low carbon feedstock as recited in claim 8, wherein: the low-carbon raw material is one of gasified ash, coal gangue, sludge, oil sludge and household garbage.
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| CN110397939A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-11-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | The melting process for the treatment of and processing unit of ultralow volatile matter carbon-based fuel |
| CN111807671A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-23 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Sludge incineration and carbonization cooperative treatment system |
| CN113074376A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-06 | 西安交通大学 | Gasification fly ash low NOxCombustion fusion processing system and method |
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