CN113464175A - Air bag type water stop sealing device for shield tunnel portal and construction method - Google Patents
Air bag type water stop sealing device for shield tunnel portal and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/385—Sealing means positioned between adjacent lining members
- E21D11/386—Sealing means positioned between adjacent lining members inflatable sealing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
An air bag type water stop sealing device for a tunnel portal of a shield tunnel comprises a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield machine, wherein the wall of the vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part and a temporary part to be broken, and a portal reinforcing steel ring is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part and the temporary part; the opening reinforcing steel ring is connected with an annular rubber curtain and a matched initiating end fan-shaped turning plate or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate thereof through a connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises a pre-buried sleeve, a nut and a gasket; an inflation pipeline is pre-embedded in the permanent reserved part, an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the interior of the well structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces the temporary part to be broken through the hole reinforcing steel ring; an uninflated air bag in a compressed state is pre-buried in the temporary part, and an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline. The air bag sealing structure has reliable waterproof sealing effect, so that the risk of water leakage and slurry leakage when the rubber curtain is detached and the embedded annular frame hole door is constructed is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a water-stopping sealing device for a tunnel portal constructed by a shield method and a construction method.
Background
The shield starting is a construction process for starting tunneling of the shield machine, and refers to a series of operation processes of pushing the shield machine on a base into the ground by using a reaction frame, a temporarily assembled negative ring segment and the like in a working vertical shaft and tunneling along a designed line; the shield receiving is a construction process that the shield machine reaches a preset receiving position, and refers to a series of operation processes that the shield machine is gradually pushed to a working vertical shaft from a stratum, a well wall structure is broken and the shield machine enters a vertical shaft inner rack. The main flow of shield starting construction comprises the following steps: reinforcing the stratum of the end at the outer side of the vertical shaft before starting, installing a starting base, assembling and debugging a shield machine, installing a reaction frame, installing a tunnel door sealing device, manually chiseling (or directly cutting by a cutter head of the shield machine) a tunnel door wall and an outer side enclosing structure, rechecking the posture of the shield machine, assembling negative ring pipe pieces, penetrating the shield machine into an excavation surface soil layer, establishing the pressure of a soil bin (a muddy water bin), trial tunneling and the like; the main flow of shield receiving construction comprises the following steps: reinforcing the stratum of the end at the outer side of the front vertical shaft, installing and positioning a receiving base, installing a tunnel door sealing device, chiseling (or cutting) a tunnel door wall and an outer side enclosing structure thereof, reaching tunneling, receiving and the like.
The starting/receiving of the shield machine is a process with extremely high risk in shield method construction, and safety accidents such as cave entrance collapse, water inrush and sand inrush are easy to happen. The end soil body reinforcing quality and the tunnel portal water-stop sealing effect are two key factors for ensuring the starting/receiving safety of the shield. (1) End reinforcement: in the starting stage, after the tunnel door is broken, soil on the outer side of the vertical shaft is exposed, the stress balance of the stratum is broken, and collapse or slippage damage is likely to occur; in the receiving stage, the cutter head of the shield machine is gradually close to the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft and the outer side enclosing structure of the vertical shaft are easy to deform, and particularly, the control of the unearthing (slurry discharge) quantity is difficult to control along with the gradual reduction of the soil pressure of the excavation surface, so that the instability of the excavation surface or the ground collapse is caused. Therefore, the shield launching/receiving stage must be assisted by a secondary construction method to maintain the formation stable.
It is very necessary to reinforce the soil layer in a certain range outside the vertical shaft. The reinforced stratum should have certain self-stability, strength and impermeability. (2) Sealing the tunnel door: in order to meet the stress requirement of a wall structure of a tunnel behind a tunnel portal broken by a shield tunneling machine, the tunnel portal structure needs to be reinforced, and a method of pre-embedding a steel ring in the process of pouring the wall structure is generally adopted.
The inner diameter of the embedded steel ring, namely the size of a reserved hole, is determined based on the maximum excavation diameter of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine, factors such as a longitudinal slope of a line, the thickness of a well wall structure and construction errors are considered, and a numerical value larger than the maximum excavation diameter of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is adopted. Therefore, the diameter of the reserved hole door of the well wall structure is larger than the diameter of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine, larger than the diameter of the shield shell and larger than the outer diameter of the tunnel lining structure, namely, a certain gap exists between the reserved hole door of the well wall structure and the tunnel lining structure. In order to prevent water and soil from flowing into a working well through the gap during shield launching/receiving and prevent slurry loss of a shield tail, a hole sealing device is required to be installed before starting/receiving operation.
The prior art hole sealing structure is shown in fig. 1 to 3 (originating end) and fig. 4 to 6 (receiving end). The water-stopping sealing measures and structures adopted by the prior art are briefly described by taking the starting/receiving construction process of the shield machine from the working shaft as an example.
The wall structure of the shield working vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part 1-1 and a temporary part 1-2 to be broken, a grouting pipeline and a grease injection pipeline 2-1 are pre-embedded in the permanent reserved part 1-1, a grouting opening of the grouting pipeline faces the inside of the shaft structure, and a grout outlet of the grouting pipeline faces the temporary part 1-2 to be broken; a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part 1-1 and the temporary part 1-2 to be broken; meanwhile, the hole reinforcing steel ring 3 is connected with a connecting piece 4-1 for fixing the rubber curtain, and the connecting piece comprises a sleeve, a nut, a gasket and the like.
Before the shield machine starts/receives, an annular rubber curtain 4-2 and a fan-shaped turning plate (arranged at the starting end) or a pressing plate (or called as a clamping plate and arranged at the receiving end) 4-3 are arranged, the annular rubber curtain has a certain width along the radial direction, even if the inner diameter of the annular rubber curtain is smaller than the outer diameter of a tunnel lining structure, a hooping and pressing state is formed between an annular rubber ring deformed under the supporting and expanding effect of the lining structure and the lining structure, and therefore the water stopping effect is achieved.
Fig. 1 and 4 show the state before the shield machine is initiated/received, respectively, when the rubber curtain 4-2 is in a loose and drooping state. Fig. 2 and 5 show the states of tunneling of the main machine of the shield machine and the state of the assembled tunnel segment lining in the initial/receiving process of the shield machine. Under the working condition, the rubber curtain 4-2 is bent and deformed towards the direction consistent with the excavation direction 5-2 of the shield tunneling machine.
The starting end is provided with a sector-shaped turning plate 4-3 (steel plate) which is partitioned along the radial direction, the turning direction of the turning plate is also towards the direction consistent with the excavation direction 5-2 of the shield machine, and the turning plate is limited by the segment lining 6-1a which is assembled in place after being turned and can not be restored to the original position, so that the deformed rubber curtain can not be restored to the initial loose state, the rubber curtain which is subjected to the external water and soil pressure and the grouting/grease injecting pressure can be always kept in the hooping and pressing state with the lining structure, and the temporary water and grease stopping effect can be achieved.
Different from the initiating end, the tunneling direction of the shield tunneling machine and the deformation and bending direction of the rubber curtain face the inside of the shield well under the receiving working condition, and the effect of compaction is difficult to be achieved by adopting a turning plate mode. The receiving end is provided with a fan-shaped pressing plate (or called clamping plate) 4-3 (steel plate) which is partitioned along the radial direction, after the shield machine enters the shield working well and the tunnel segment lining is assembled, the pressing plate (or called clamping plate) 4-3 moves along the radial direction to compress the deformed rubber curtain, and then the position of the pressing plate (clamping plate) is fixed by a fastening connecting piece 4-1.
In the starting/receiving construction process, slurry or grease with certain pressure is injected into an annular gap between the hole reinforcing steel ring 3 and the outer diameter of the segment lining structure 6-1a through a pre-buried grouting pipe or grease injection pipe 2-1 so as to seal the gap and prevent outside soil and water from entering the shield working well.
In order to avoid or reduce the risk of water leakage and even burst possibly caused by the removal of the rubber curtain 4-2 and a limit device matched with the rubber curtain 4-2, namely a fan-shaped turning plate (an initial end) or a pressing plate (also called a clamping plate or a receiving end) 4-3, after the initial end or the receiving end, the 4-2 and the 4-3 are not removed, a protruding annular portal structure 7-1 is directly cast in situ inside a working well, and reinforcing steel bars inside the cast-in-situ portal structure are welded with a back-coated steel plate 6-1b pre-embedded on the outer arc surface of the 1 st annular tube sheet lining structure to form a permanent structure. Fig. 3 and 6 show the states of the permanent structure of the protruding portal ring frame formed after the shield machine is started/received, respectively.
The prior art mainly has the following two defects: first, the water-stop sealing effect depending on the grouting measure is difficult to ensure. As mentioned above, the shield machine adopts a combination of three measures, such as end soil body reinforcement, arrangement of an annular rubber curtain inside the shield well, excavation gap grouting (grease injection) and the like, in the initial/receiving stage, so as to ensure the construction safety and smoothness, but the three measures all have certain limiting conditions and deficiencies. The end stratum can be reinforced by adopting processes of high-pressure jet grouting piles, cement mixing piles, grouting, freezing, plain concrete piles or continuous walls and the like and combinations thereof, so that the soil body in a certain range outside the shield well has good permeability resistance and self-stability. The end stratum reinforcing measure has the defects of being limited by site conditions, greatly influenced by buried depth and geological conditions, unstable soil mass after reinforcement, high manufacturing cost and the like. Sometimes, the construction site is affected by removal and pipeline covering, or the buried depth exceeds the construction process quality guarantee range, so that the construction site is difficult to construct from the ground. The annular rubber curtain is in a hooping and pressing state with the lining structure through self deformation, so that the water and grout stopping effect is achieved, the effect of the annular rubber curtain is greatly influenced by construction errors, and particularly the pressing force of a receiving end pressing plate (or called a clamping plate) is greatly influenced. In order to guarantee the water stopping effect, a scheme of setting 2-3 rubber curtains is usually adopted in actual construction. No matter the shield well wall structure is broken manually or the shield machine cutter head is used for directly cutting the wall structure, the diameter of the shield machine cutter head is larger than that of the segment lining structure, an excavation gap exists all the time, and the excavation gap is a main channel for leakage and burst of underground water and is an important part for starting/receiving construction risks. In the prior art scheme, the purpose of stopping water and grout is achieved by adopting a grouting measure. However, the grouting measures have the defects of being greatly influenced by conditions such as stratum conditions, underground water pressure, flow velocity and the like, greatly influenced by the end stratum reinforcing effect, difficult to predict and control the grouting range, difficult to check the grouting quality and high in manufacturing cost, and meanwhile, when the grouting pressure is too large or the grouting is not well controlled, accidents such as overlarge stratum disturbance, surface slurry leakage, adjacent pipeline or structure foundation displacement, reverse deformation of a rubber curtain to fail, slurry leakage into the shield well (or into a tunnel) and the like can be caused.
Secondly, the effective use of the inner space of the shield well is influenced based on a protruding annular tunnel portal structure which is constructed without removing the rubber curtain. The annular rubber curtain and the limiting structures such as a turning plate/a pressing plate (a clamping plate) thereof as temporary water-stopping sealing measures can be detached after the shield machine is started or received. Before dismantling, the water leakage condition of the door ring is checked, and measures such as supplementary grouting and the like are taken when water leakage still exists. In order to avoid or reduce the dismantling risk, the dismantling is not usually carried out in the construction process, and a convex (external wrapping type) tunnel portal ring frame protruding out of the inner side of the shield well wall is directly applied to encapsulate the annular rubber curtain and the fixed steel component thereof. Thus, the effective utilization of the inner space of the shield well provided with the passages or pipeline holes for ventilation, smoke exhaust, evacuation, drainage, fire control, power distribution, monitoring and the like and the management room has adverse effects. When the annular projecting door structure intrudes into a building boundary, it must be removed. Meanwhile, the connecting interface between the protruding ring frame hole door structure and the segment lining structure is a back-covered steel plate arranged on the outer arc surface of the No. 1 ring pipe segment lining, although the inner steel bars of the ring frame hole door for cast-in-place construction and the back-covered steel plate can meet the stress requirement by adopting welding connection, the waterproof effect is equal to that of a construction joint, and the waterproof construction measures are mainly strengthened if a plurality of water-swelling rubber strips are arranged. After long-term use, the undetached rubber curtain and the matched pressing steel member are wrapped inside the protruding ring frame hole door, and certain hidden dangers still exist in the waterproof quality and the water stopping effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an air bag type water-stop sealing device for a shield tunnel portal and a construction method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the combination of three measures of end soil body reinforcement, annular rubber curtain arrangement at the inner side of a shield well, excavation gap grouting (grease injection) and the like is adopted in the initial/receiving stage of a shield machine, the water-stop sealing effect depending on the grouting measure is difficult to guarantee, and the effective use of the inner space of the shield well is influenced based on the protruding annular portal structure which is constructed without removing the rubber curtain.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an air bag type water stop sealing device for a shield tunnel portal comprises a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield tunneling machine, wherein the wall of the vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part and a temporary part to be broken, and a portal reinforcing steel ring is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part and the temporary part; the opening reinforcing steel ring is connected with an annular rubber curtain and a matched initiating end fan-shaped turning plate or receiving end pressing plate or receiving end clamping plate thereof through a connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises an embedded sleeve, a nut and a gasket; the method is characterized in that an inflation pipeline 2-1a is pre-buried in the permanent reserved part 1-1, an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the interior of a well structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces a temporary part 1-2 to be broken through the hole reinforcing steel ring 3; an uninflated air bag 2-2a in a compressed state is pre-buried in the temporary part 1-2, and an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline 2-1 a.
When a shield tunneling machine cutter head passes through and a segment lining is assembled in place, the ring surface of a 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of a well wall, a negative ring pipe piece lining structure 6-0 adjacent to the ring surface to be removed extends into a shaft well, an inflation pipeline 2-1a inflates air in an air bag 2-2a to expand the volume of the air bag, an excavation gap 2-2 is filled, and a certain pressure value is always kept through pressure monitoring, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the air bag and a pre-embedded hole reinforcing steel ring 3 of the well wall structure and between the air bag and the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a of an assembled segment lining structure to fill the gap between the air bag and the wall structure to stop water and grout; the deformed annular rubber ring of the annular rubber curtain 4-2 is hooped and pressed with the lining structure 6-0 of the negative ring pipe piece to be removed.
After the shield machine starts or receives, pre-burying a steel plate 6-1c on the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a positioned in the middle of the thickness of the well wall; removing an annular rubber curtain 4-2, a starting end fan-shaped turning plate or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate 4-3 matched with the annular rubber curtain, and a negative ring lining structure 6-0, and then arranging an annular water-stop sealing steel plate 7-2, wherein one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 pre-buried in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-buried steel plate 6-1c at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe sheet to form a rigid water-stop sealing structure; an embedded tunnel portal structure 7-3 is arranged in the well wall structure and is close to the embedded steel plates 6-1c, the embedded tunnel portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, internal reinforcing steel bars of the embedded tunnel portal structure are respectively connected with the embedded steel plates 6-1c and the tunnel portal reinforcing steel rings 3 in a welding mode, and the inner surface of the embedded tunnel portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
A construction method of an air bag type water stop sealing device for a shield tunnel portal is characterized by comprising the following steps: embedding an inflation pipeline 2-1a in a permanently reserved part 1-1 of a wall of a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield machine, wherein an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the inside of a shaft structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces a temporary part 1-2 to be broken through a hole reinforcing steel ring 3; pre-burying an uninflated and compressed air bag 2-2a in the temporary part 1-2, wherein an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline 2-1 a;
when the shield machine passes the tunneling and the segment lining is assembled in place, the gas charging pipeline 2-1a charges gas into the gas bag 2-2a to expand the volume of the gas bag, fills and fills the excavation gap 2-2, and keeps a certain pressure value all the time through pressure monitoring, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the gas bag and the pre-buried portal reinforcement steel ring 3 of the well wall structure and between the gas bag and the 1 st ring pipe segment lining structure 6-1a of the assembled segment lining structure, thereby playing the role of water and grout stopping; the ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of the well wall, and the adjacent negative ring pipe piece lining structure 6-0 to be removed extends into the shaft;
after the shield machine starts or receives, embedding steel plates 6-1c on the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a located in the middle of the thickness of the well wall; removing an annular rubber curtain 4-2, a starting end fan-shaped turning plate or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate 4-3 matched with the annular rubber curtain, and a negative ring lining structure 6-0, and then arranging an annular water-stop sealing steel plate 7-2, wherein one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 pre-buried in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-buried steel plate 6-1c at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe sheet to form a rigid water-stop sealing structure; and constructing an embedded portal structure 7-3 in the well wall structure next to the embedded steel plates 6-1c, wherein the embedded portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, internal steel bars of the embedded portal structure are respectively welded with the embedded steel plates 6-1c and the portal reinforcing steel rings 3 on the periphery, and the inner surface of the embedded portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
The invention has the technical characteristics that:
the technical scheme of the invention adopts the compressible and inflatable air bag to replace the grouting process in the prior art. Firstly, pre-burying an uninflated air bag in a wall structure of a shield well, and after a shield machine passes through excavation, inflating the air bag, and filling an excavation gap with the air bag after volume expansion. Because the gas in the air bag has certain pressure, and the pressure can be measured and controlled, reliable pressing force is provided between the air bag and the pre-buried portal steel ring of the well wall structure and between the air bag and the assembled duct piece lining structure, thereby playing the role of water and grout stopping; meanwhile, the air bag is made of flexible materials with certain tensile strength and air tightness, and can adapt to irregular excavation gaps formed under the influence of construction errors and other factors, so that the gaps are filled and densely filled, and the function of blocking a water leakage channel is achieved. The limit structures such as the annular rubber curtain and the turning plate/pressing plate (clamping plate) thereof, which are used as temporary sealing water-stopping measures, still need to be reserved and are used as one of the safety guarantee measures for temporary water-stopping sealing during the starting/receiving construction period of the shield machine. After originating/receiving, it may be removed. After the tunnel is dismantled, an embedded permanent tunnel portal structure which is flush with the inner wall of the shield well can be constructed.
The flexible characteristic of the airbag material can fully fill the excavation gap, and the measurable and controllable characteristic of the gas pressure in the airbag can ensure that the contact surface of the expanded airbag and the outside always keeps enough pressing force, so that the waterproof effect can be ensured. Compared with the grouting scheme in the prior art, the waterproof grouting material has the advantages of reliable waterproof effect, low cost and good economical efficiency.
The invention has the following effects:
because the gasbag structure has reliable waterproof sealing effect for the risk that appears leaking the thick liquid when dismantling the rubber curtain, applying embedded ring frame entrance to a cave is lower, compared with the protruding formula ring frame entrance to a cave structure that adopts in prior art scheme, has following three advantages.
Firstly, the water leakage risk of temporary water stopping protective measures such as dismantling an annular rubber curtain and matching a pressing steel component is reduced.
And secondly, by adopting a mode of welding the annular water stop steel plate, compared with a back-coated steel plate interface (similar to a construction joint) in the prior art, the construction quality and the waterproof effect are more reliable, the durability is better, and the steel plate interface is more suitable for being used as a permanent structure.
And thirdly, the embedded ring frame hole door structure does not influence the building layout of the internal space of the well structure, and the space can be effectively utilized. Especially under the condition that building clearance control cannot be performed and a convex type hole door cannot be implemented, the method becomes the only feasible scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art shield tunneling machine in a pre-starting state of an originating-end opening sealing configuration,
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state originating end hole sealing structure in the originating process of a shield tunneling machine in the prior art,
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sealing structure of a state-of-the-art originating-end opening after originating of a shield machine,
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sealing structure of a receiving end opening of a shield tunneling machine in a state before receiving in the prior art,
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a state receiving end hole sealing structure in the receiving process of a shield tunneling machine in the prior art,
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sealing structure of a receiving end opening in a state after receiving by a shield machine in the prior art;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the originating-end opening in the pre-originating state of the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention,
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the sealing structure of the state originating-end hole in the originating process of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention,
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the sealing structure of the originating end hole of the shield tunneling machine after originating,
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the sealing structure of the receiving end opening of the shield tunneling machine in the state before receiving,
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the sealing structure of the tunnel entrance at the receiving end in the receiving process of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention,
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the shield machine receiving end opening sealing structure after receiving,
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the airbag sealing structure of the status opening during the launching or receiving process of the shield tunneling machine of the present invention.
Description of the figure numbering:
1-1, permanently retaining the part (of the shield working well wall structure); 1-2, temporary part (to be broken) of shield working well wall structure; 2-1, grouting pipes or grease injection pipes (pre-embedded in the wall structure of the shield working well); 2-2, excavating a gap, namely a slurry or grease filling area; 3, a portal reinforcing steel ring (pre-embedded in a shield working well wall structure); 4-1, connecting pieces (comprising sleeves, bolts, nuts, gaskets and the like) for the wall structure of the shield working well and the tunnel portal sealing device; 4-2, annular rubber cord fabric; 4-3, a fan-shaped turning plate (arranged at the initiating end) or a pressing plate (or called a clamping plate) is arranged at the receiving end; 5-1, excavating contour lines of a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine; 5-2, the tunneling direction of the shield tunneling machine (pointing to the outer side of the shield working well); 6-1a, the 1 st ring canal piece lining structure; 6-1b, pre-burying a steel plate on the outer arc surface of the No. 1 ring pipe piece lining structure, namely a back-covered steel plate; 6-2, a 2 nd circular tube sheet lining structure; 7-1, a cast-in-place convex reinforced concrete hole portal ring frame structure.
2-1a, pre-embedding an inflation pipe in a shield working well wall structure; 2-2a, air bag; 6-0, a negative ring canal piece lining structure; 6-1c, embedding a steel plate on the end ring surface of the No. 1 ring pipe piece lining structure; 7-2, annular water-stopping sealing steel plates; 7-3, an embedded tunnel portal structure (a cast-in-place embedded reinforced concrete tunnel portal ring frame structure).
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 7 and 10, the air bag type water stop sealing device for the tunnel portal of the shield tunnel comprises a shield working vertical shaft at an initiating end or a receiving end of a shield machine, wherein the wall of the vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part and a temporary part to be broken, and a portal reinforcing steel ring is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part and the temporary part; the opening reinforcing steel ring is connected with an annular rubber curtain and a matched initiating end fan-shaped turning plate or receiving end pressing plate or receiving end clamping plate thereof through a connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises an embedded sleeve, a nut and a gasket; the method is characterized in that an inflation pipeline 2-1a is pre-buried in the permanent reserved part 1-1, an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the interior of a well structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces a temporary part 1-2 to be broken through the hole reinforcing steel ring 3; an uninflated air bag 2-2a in a compressed state is pre-buried in the temporary part 1-2, and an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline 2-1 a.
Referring to fig. 8 and 11, after a shield tunneling machine cutter head passes and a segment lining is assembled in place, the ring surface of a 1 st circular duct piece lining structure 6-1a in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of a well wall, a negative circular duct piece lining structure 6-0 adjacent to the ring surface and to be removed extends into a shaft, and an inflation pipeline 2-1a inflates air into an air bag 2-2a to expand the volume of the air bag, fill and fill an excavation gap 2-2, and always keep a certain pressure value through pressure monitoring, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the air bag and a pre-embedded opening reinforcing steel ring 3 of the well wall structure and between the air bag and the 1 st circular duct piece lining structure 6-1a of the assembled segment lining structure to fill gaps between the air bag and the first circular duct piece lining structure; the deformed annular rubber ring of the annular rubber curtain 4-2 is hooped and pressed with the lining structure 6-0 of the negative ring pipe piece to be removed.
Referring to fig. 9 and 12, after the shield tunneling machine starts or receives, embedding a steel plate 6-1c on the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a located at the middle position of the thickness of the well wall; removing an annular rubber curtain 4-2, a starting end fan-shaped turning plate or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate 4-3 matched with the annular rubber curtain, and a negative ring lining structure 6-0, and then arranging an annular water-stop sealing steel plate 7-2, wherein one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 pre-buried in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-buried steel plate 6-1c at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe sheet to form a rigid water-stop sealing structure; an embedded tunnel portal structure 7-3 is arranged in the well wall structure and is close to the embedded steel plates 6-1c, the embedded tunnel portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, internal reinforcing steel bars of the embedded tunnel portal structure are respectively connected with the embedded steel plates 6-1c and the tunnel portal reinforcing steel rings 3 in a welding mode, and the inner surface of the embedded tunnel portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
Referring to fig. 7 and 10, the construction method of the air bag type water stop sealing device for the shield tunnel portal of the invention comprises the following steps: embedding an inflation pipeline 2-1a in a permanently reserved part 1-1 of a wall of a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield machine, wherein an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the inside of a shaft structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces a temporary part 1-2 to be broken through a hole reinforcing steel ring 3; pre-burying an uninflated and compressed air bag 2-2a in the temporary part 1-2, wherein an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline 2-1 a;
referring to fig. 8 and 11, after the shield tunneling machine passes and the segment lining is assembled in place, the gas charging pipeline 2-1a charges gas into the gas bag 2-2a to expand the volume thereof, fill and fill the excavation gap 2-2, and keep a certain pressure value through pressure monitoring all the time, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the gas bag and the pre-buried portal reinforcement steel ring 3 of the well wall structure and between the gas bag and the 1 st annular pipe segment lining structure 6-1a of the assembled segment lining structure, thereby playing a role in water and grout stopping; the ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of the well wall, and the adjacent negative ring pipe piece lining structure 6-0 to be removed extends into the shaft;
referring to fig. 9 and 12, after the shield tunneling machine starts or receives, steel plates 6-1c are embedded in the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a located in the middle of the thickness of the well wall; removing an annular rubber curtain 4-2, a starting end fan-shaped turning plate or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate 4-3 matched with the annular rubber curtain, and a negative ring lining structure 6-0, and then arranging an annular water-stop sealing steel plate 7-2, wherein one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 pre-buried in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-buried steel plate 6-1c at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe sheet to form a rigid water-stop sealing structure; and constructing an embedded portal structure 7-3 in the well wall structure next to the embedded steel plates 6-1c, wherein the embedded portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, internal steel bars of the embedded portal structure are respectively welded with the embedded steel plates 6-1c and the portal reinforcing steel rings 3 on the periphery, and the inner surface of the embedded portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
The invention is further explained below:
referring to fig. 7-12, the wall structure of the shield working vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part 1-1 and a temporary part 1-2 to be broken, an inflation pipeline 2-1a is embedded in the permanent reserved part 1-1, an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the inside of the shaft structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces the temporary part 1-2 to be broken; an uninflated air bag 2-2a in a compressed state is embedded in the temporary part 1-2, and an inflation port of the air bag 2-2a is connected and communicated with an air outlet of an inflation pipeline 2-1 a; a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part 1-1 and the temporary part 1-2; meanwhile, the opening reinforcing steel ring 3 is connected with a connecting piece 4-1 for fixing the rubber curtain, and the connecting piece comprises an embedded sleeve, a nut, a gasket and the like.
The function, structure and construction process of the annular rubber curtain 4-2 and the matched fan-shaped turning plate (initial end) or pressing plate (also called clamping plate, receiving end) 4-3 are the same as those of the prior art.
Fig. 7 and 10 show the airbag in an uninflated compressed state before the shield machine is started/received, respectively.
After a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine passes through tunneling and a segment lining is assembled in place, the air bag 2-2a is inflated through the inflation pipe 2-1a, so that the volume of the air bag is expanded, the excavation gap 2-2 is filled, and a certain pressure value is always kept through pressure monitoring, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the air bag and a pre-buried portal steel ring 3 of a well wall structure and between the air bag and an assembled segment lining structure, and the effects of water and slurry stopping are achieved.
Fig. 8 and 11 show the states after the tunneling of the shield machine host and the assembly of the tunnel segment lining are completed in the initial/receiving process of the shield machine, respectively, and at this time, the air bag expands in volume because the interior is filled with pressure gas.
The 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a ring surface is positioned based on the mode that a protruding ring frame tunnel portal is not constructed any more, the position of the ring surface does not extend into the inside of the shield well any more, but is adjusted to the middle of the well side wall structure, and a space is reserved for constructing a ring frame of a cast-in-place reinforced concrete embedded tunnel portal structure 7-3. Correspondingly, the outer arc surface positioned on the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure 6-1a does not need to be pre-embedded with a back-covering steel plate, and the end ring surface pre-embedded steel plate 6-1c of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure is arranged on the end ring surface.
When an embedded portal ring frame is constructed, after a fixed steel component 4-3 such as an annular rubber curtain 4-2 and a fan-shaped turning plate/pressing plate (clamping plate) and the like are removed and a negative ring pipe sheet lining structure 6-0 is removed, an annular water-stopping sealing steel plate 7-2 is arranged, one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring 3 pre-embedded in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-embedded steel plate 6-1c at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe sheet, so that a reliable rigid water-stopping sealing structure is formed. The internal reinforcing steel bars of the embedded hole door frame structure are respectively connected with the peripheral steel plates in a welding mode, and the inner surface of the hole door structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
After the cast-in-place embedded ring frame hole door forms a permanent structure, the requirements of bearing, water resistance and durability can be met, and the air bag device 2-2a can be withdrawn from the working state.
Fig. 9 and 12 show the states of the permanent structure of the ring frame of the embedded tunnel portal after the shield machine is started and received, respectively.
Fig. 13 shows a sealing structure of an airbag at a tunnel entrance in the state of the shield tunneling machine in the process of starting or receiving, the airbag is in an annular structure along a tunnel, a plurality of inflation tubes 2-1a pre-embedded in a wall structure of a shield working well can be arranged according to requirements, and the airbag is inflated simultaneously.
Examples
For explaining the prior art scheme and the scheme of the invention, the starting/receiving construction process of the shield machine from the working vertical shaft is taken as an example for explanation, but the principle, the method, the corresponding structure and the corresponding measures of the scheme of the invention are not limited to the starting/receiving construction of the shield machine from the working vertical shaft, and the method can be applied to the temporary water sealing condition of the tunnel mouths of all shield construction tunnels (or channels).
An example is as follows:
when a transverse channel (including a pedestrian, a vehicle or an auxiliary chamber with other functions) needs to be arranged between the double-hole tunnels, the construction method of the transverse channel can adopt a drilling and blasting method, a shallow-buried underground excavation method and other manual excavation methods, and can also adopt a pipe jacking method, a shield method and other mechanical construction methods.
When the shield method is adopted to construct the transverse passage, the initial/receiving construction process of the shield machine is required to be completed in the main tunnel. Under the condition, the water-stopping sealing measure of the tunnel opening at the initial/receiving stage of the shield machine is more critical and more difficult.
If the site condition is limited, the condition of applying stratum reinforcement from the ground is not available; or the stratum reinforcing process to be adopted due to large burial depth is difficult to guarantee the water stopping effect; or because of the influence of large underground water pressure, high flow rate and the like, the grouting range is difficult to control and the grouting quality is difficult to test during grouting measures; and because the space between the inner contour of the main tunnel structure and the building limit is limited, under the conditions that a convex tunnel portal ring beam cannot be constructed, and the like, the technical scheme that the water-stopping sealing requirement of the tunnel portal gap is met only by means of grouting in the process of completing the starting/receiving construction of the shield machine in the main tunnel which forms a permanent structure is riskier.
At the moment, the airbag structure of the scheme of the invention can be adopted to replace grouting measures so as to reduce the construction safety risk of water-stop sealing of the temporary tunnel portal.
Claims (4)
1. An air bag type water stop sealing device for a shield tunnel portal comprises a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield tunneling machine, wherein the wall of the vertical shaft comprises a permanent reserved part and a temporary part to be broken, and a portal reinforcing steel ring is pre-embedded between the permanent reserved part and the temporary part; the opening reinforcing steel ring is connected with an annular rubber curtain and a matched initiating end fan-shaped turning plate or receiving end pressing plate or receiving end clamping plate thereof through a connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises an embedded sleeve, a nut and a gasket; the method is characterized in that an air charging pipeline (2-1a) is embedded in the permanent reserved part (1-1), an air charging port of the permanent reserved part faces the interior of a well structure, and an air outlet of the permanent reserved part faces a temporary part (1-2) to be broken through the hole reinforcing steel ring (3); an uninflated air bag (2-2a) in a compressed state is pre-buried in the temporary part (1-2), and an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline (2-1 a).
2. The air bag type water stop sealing device for the shield tunnel portal according to claim 1, when a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine tunnels and the segment lining is assembled in place, the ring surface of a 1 st ring pipe segment lining structure (6-1a) in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of the well wall, the adjacent lining structure (6-0) of the negative ring pipe piece to be dismantled extends into the shaft, the air charging pipeline (2-1a) charges air into the air bag (2-2a) to expand the volume of the air bag, the air bag is filled with the air to fill the excavation gap (2-2), through pressure monitoring, a certain pressure value is always kept, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the air bag and the pre-embedded hole reinforcing steel ring (3) of the well wall structure and between the air bag and the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure (6-1a) of the assembled pipe piece lining knot to fill the gap between the air bag and the pre-embedded hole reinforcing steel ring and the gap between the air bag and the assembled pipe piece lining structure to stop water and grout; the deformed annular rubber ring of the annular rubber curtain (4-2) is hooped and pressed with the lining structure (6-0) of the negative ring pipe piece to be removed.
3. The air bag type water-stop sealing device for the tunnel portal of the shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein after the shield machine starts or receives, a steel plate (6-1c) is embedded on the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure (6-1a) positioned at the middle position of the thickness of the well wall, an annular rubber curtain (4-2) is removed, and a fan-shaped turning plate at the starting end or a receiving end pressing plate or a receiving end clamping plate (4-3) matched with the annular rubber curtain (4-2) and a negative ring pipe piece lining structure (6-0) are removed, then an annular water-stop sealing steel plate (7-2) is arranged, one end of the steel plate is welded with the portal reinforcing steel ring (3) embedded in the well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with the embedded steel plate (6-1c) at the end of the 1 st ring lining pipe piece to form a rigid water-stop sealing structure; an embedded tunnel portal structure (7-3) is arranged in the well wall structure and close to the embedded steel plates (6-1c), the embedded tunnel portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, steel bars in the embedded tunnel portal structure are respectively welded with the embedded steel plates (6-1c) on the periphery and the tunnel portal reinforcing steel ring (3), and the inner surface of the embedded tunnel portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
4. The construction method of the air bag type water stop sealing device at the shield tunnel portal according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: embedding an inflation pipeline (2-1a) in a permanently reserved part (1-1) of a wall of a shield working vertical shaft at an initial end or a receiving end of a shield machine, wherein an inflation inlet of the inflation pipeline faces the inside of a shaft structure, and an air outlet of the inflation pipeline faces a temporary part (1-2) to be broken through the hole reinforcing steel ring (3); an uninflated air bag (2-2a) in a compressed state is pre-buried in the temporary part (1-2), and an air bag inflating nozzle is communicated with an air outlet of the inflating pipeline (2-1 a);
when the shield machine passes the tunneling and the segment lining is assembled in place, the gas charging pipeline (2-1a) charges gas into the gas bag (2-2a), so that the gas bag expands in volume, fills and fills the excavation gap (2-2), and always keeps a certain pressure value through pressure monitoring, so that reliable pressing force is provided between the gas bag and the pre-buried portal reinforcement steel ring (3) of the well wall structure and between the gas bag and the 1 st ring pipe segment lining structure (6-1a) of the assembled segment lining structure, and the functions of water and slurry stopping are achieved; the ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure (6-1a) in the segment lining is positioned in the middle of the thickness of the shaft wall, and the adjacent negative ring pipe piece lining structure (6-0) to be dismantled extends into the shaft;
after the shield machine starts or receives, steel plates (6-1c) are embedded in the end ring surface of the 1 st ring pipe piece lining structure (6-1a) located in the middle of the thickness of the well wall; removing an annular rubber curtain (4-2), and a matched initiating end fan-shaped turning plate or receiving end pressing plate or receiving end clamping plate (4-3) thereof, and a negative ring pipe piece lining structure (6-0), and then arranging an annular water-stopping sealing steel plate (7-2), wherein one end of the steel plate is welded with a hole reinforcing steel ring (3) pre-embedded in a well wall structure, and the other end of the steel plate is welded with a ring surface pre-embedded steel plate (6-1c) at the end of a 1 st ring lining pipe piece, so that a rigid water-stopping sealing structure is formed; and an embedded tunnel portal structure (7-3) is constructed in the well wall structure next to the embedded steel plates (6-1c), the embedded tunnel portal structure is of a reinforced concrete structure, internal reinforcing steel bars of the embedded tunnel portal structure are respectively welded with the embedded steel plates (6-1c) on the periphery and the tunnel portal reinforcing steel ring (3), and the inner surface of the embedded tunnel portal structure is flush with the inner wall of the well structure.
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| CN202110798550.2A CN113464175A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Air bag type water stop sealing device for shield tunnel portal and construction method |
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| CN202110798550.2A CN113464175A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Air bag type water stop sealing device for shield tunnel portal and construction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115405301A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Circular shaft shield receiving structure and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115405301A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-11-29 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Circular shaft shield receiving structure and construction method thereof |
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