CN113464096A - Shaft acidizing and blockage removing method for high-temperature and high-pressure gas well of carbonate rock - Google Patents
Shaft acidizing and blockage removing method for high-temperature and high-pressure gas well of carbonate rock Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
- E21B37/06—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting, e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
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Abstract
The invention provides a shaft acidizing and plug removing method for a carbonate rock high-temperature and high-pressure gas well, which is carried out according to the following steps: (1) more than two working fluid containing devices which are arranged in parallel are communicated with a shaft to be deblocked through a liquid pumping device A to form a first system, and the first system is controlled to make the shaft blockage undergo acidification reaction and be corroded; (2) and communicating a liquid inlet of the neutralizing device with a shaft to be subjected to blockage removal treatment, communicating a liquid inlet of the neutralizing device with a liquid outlet of a neutralizing liquid containing device through a liquid pumping device B, and communicating a liquid outlet of the neutralizing device with a gas-liquid separating device in series to form a second system, and controlling the second system to discharge formation fluid during gas well open flow production. The method of the invention avoids the operation and maintenance cost of the ground flow-back device, requires less equipment and less personnel, is convenient for organizing production, and has very high practical popularization and application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, relates to a carbonate reservoir acidizing and plugging removing method, and particularly relates to a shaft acidizing and plugging removing method for a carbonate high-temperature high-pressure gas well.
Background
In the exploitation of oil and gas fields, particularly natural gas fields, as the gas well is used for a longer time, a well plugging phenomenon occurs. The plugging position is different according to the formation composition of a natural gas producing area, the depth of a gas well and the like, for example, the plugging position comprises formation plugging, shaft plugging and the like, and the position where the shaft can be plugged comprises the position of an oil pipe, the lower part of the shaft, an annular space and the like. The blockage removal construction is an important link in the production of natural gas.
At present, most of the produced carbonate rock gas wells in China are high-temperature and high-pressure gas wells, and as the service life of the gas wells is prolonged, the problem of shaft blockage is increasingly prominent, so that the natural gas yield increasing and stable production are seriously influenced. Studies have shown that such gas wells are plugged more than in subterranean formations including wellbore plugs, which are predominantly acid-soluble inorganic scale or sand; there are also secondary sedimentary plugs caused by the process of plugging the formation. Compared with the blockage removing methods such as oil pipe perforation, coiled tubing dredging pipe column, overhaul replacement pipe column and the like, the chemical acidification blockage removing method can dissolve the blockage, so that the problem of secondary blockage can be reduced, and the operation cost is low. Acidizing and plugging removal are one of the main measures for recovering the productivity of the gas well.
However, the conventional acidizing plug removal method mainly aims at plug removal of a perforation section of a shaft and a stratum, the amount of acid liquor used is large in order to effectively achieve the purpose of removing plugs, a flow-back device needs to be arranged on the ground, the acid liquor is flow-back during construction, and even if the plug removal of the shaft is carried out, the operation is still carried out. The patent application No. CN201810012280.6 discloses a gas field shaft blocking removal method, which comprises the steps of filling a large amount of acidic blocking removal agent into a gas field shaft, and performing flowback after a well closing reaction; and after the flowback is complete, a large amount of alkaline chelating agent is injected into the shaft, and the flowback is carried out again after the well closing reaction. The patent application No. CN201810849946.3 discloses a composite blockage removing method for a horizontal well coiled tubing, which comprises the steps of adopting the coiled tubing, breaking a shaft sand bed and shaft wall scales by using the impact force of a rotary injection tool, dissolving a blockage in a stratum close to a well zone by using nitrogen foam acid, and discharging the foam acid back by negative pressure, so that an oil flow channel is dredged to carry out composite blockage removal.
Other patent methods for removing the blockage of the shaft exist, but the blockage removal is implemented according to the currently adopted and disclosed acidizing blockage removal technology, and due to the fact that the independent flowback operation is included, the construction process is complex, the number of required devices and personnel is large, the difficulty of production organization is large, and the risk of removing the blockage of the shaft in multiple rounds is large.
Therefore, under the background of stable and improved production of the current oil and gas fields, further development of the shaft plugging removal process research and optimization, development of a simple, safe and efficient low-cost shaft acidizing plugging removal technology and strong support of efficient exploitation of the gas fields are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a shaft acidizing and plug removing method for a carbonate gas well, and solves the problems that a conventional acidizing and plug removing method needs to be provided with a separate flow-back device on the ground, so that a plurality of devices are needed, acid liquor is separately returned, the operation is complex, and the cost is high.
The invention provides a shaft acidizing and blockage removing method for a carbonate gas well, which comprises the following steps:
(1) more than two working fluid containing devices which are arranged in parallel are communicated with a shaft to be deblocked to form a first system through a liquid pumping device A, the liquid pumping device A is controlled to inject the working fluid in the working fluid containing devices into the shaft, and the shaft blockage is corroded through acidification reaction;
(2) communicating a liquid inlet of a neutralizing device with a shaft to be subjected to blockage removal treatment, communicating a liquid inlet of the neutralizing device with a liquid outlet of a neutralizing liquid containing device through a liquid pumping device B, communicating a liquid outlet of the neutralizing device with a gas-liquid separating device in series, further forming a second system, after acidizing reaction of shaft blockage is finished, releasing injection for production, and simultaneously controlling the liquid pumping device B to enable formation fluid to flow to the neutralizing device through the shaft, be neutralized by neutralizing liquid from the neutralizing liquid containing device, and enable feed liquid after the neutralizing reaction to enter the gas-liquid separating device for oil-gas-water separation.
In the method of the present invention, various apparatuses are conventional in the art for the purpose, for example, the working fluid holding apparatus and the neutralization fluid holding apparatus may be tank trucks or the like, and hold different working fluids only according to design requirements, for example, the working fluid holding apparatus may be a working fluid tank truck or the like, and the neutralization fluid holding apparatus may be a neutralization tank truck or the like; the liquid pumping device A and the liquid pumping device B can be pump trucks and the like, which can be the same or different, and in different cases, for example, the liquid pumping device A can be a large-discharge acid fracturing pump truck and the like, and the liquid pumping device B can be a neutralizing pump truck and the like; similarly, the neutralizing device can be all devices used in the prior art for achieving neutralization of liquids.
In the present invention, the working fluid at least includes acid liquid, pre-liquid, post-liquid and displacement liquid, and correspondingly, the working fluid containing device at least includes an acid liquid containing device, a pre-liquid containing device, a post-liquid containing device, a displacement liquid containing device and the like, such as an acid liquid tank truck, a pre-tank truck, a post-tank truck, a displacement tank truck and the like.
In the invention, the acid liquid refers to an acidic liquid which has better dissolution and corrosion effects on wellbore plugs and carbonate rocks.
In the present invention, the "preflush", the "postcursor" and the "displacing liquid" may be inert liquids, or may contain an appropriate amount of an acid component. The term "inert liquid" is understood to mean a liquid which does not participate in the acid erosion reaction of the plug and is inert to the plug to be treated. The "pre-fluid", "post-fluid" and "displacing fluid" are names assigned according to the construction operation procedure and action, and their constituent components may be the same or different.
In one embodiment of the process of the present invention, the pre-fluid, post-fluid and/or displacement fluid may be the same composition, thereby reducing the inert fluid types and facilitating formulation. Slickwater may also be used as a pad/pad, and/or displacement fluid in practice.
In the present invention, the term "high temperature" and "high pressure" in this context refers to the well conditions of relatively high temperature and pressure gas wells known in the art and commonly recognized in the art, due to deeper reservoir burial, and such wells are typically known to have temperatures as high as 90-170 ℃ and formation pressures as high as 105-136MPa, and for example, the wood gas field in the tower is generally known to be a high temperature and high pressure gas well. The high-temperature high-pressure gas well has particularity, and research for efficiently realizing blockage removal of a shaft is also a subject of attention.
In embodiments of the method of the present invention, the acid solution and the inert solution may be selected to have different compositions depending on the composition of the plug to be treated, for example, the acid solution used to unblock carbonate rock may contain little or no hydrofluoric acid, so as to reduce corrosion of the oil pipe by the acid solution in high temperature and high pressure environments. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the working fluid comprises an acid solution, which is an acid hydrochloride system. For example, a low-concentration hydrochloric acid system containing only hydrochloric acid, i.e., an acid system of 5.0 to 20% hydrochloric acid with a conventional hydrochloric acid containing an additive necessary for an acidification corrosion inhibitor, may be used, and a one-component or two-component acidification corrosion inhibitor may be used in practice. The specific components and formulas of the working solutions can be processed according to actual conditions or conventional technologies.
For example, for wellbore plugging removal of carbonate rock, the used pad fluid, post fluid and displacement fluid may have the following compositions in table 1:
TABLE 1
In table 1, the mass percentages of the components in the acid solution, the pad solution, the post solution and the displacement solution are based on the total mass of each of the acid solution, the pad solution, the post solution and the displacement solution.
The specific additives used in the composition of each working fluid suitable for the method of the present invention are those conventionally used in the art, and can be selected according to specific needs and commercially available. For example, one or more high-temperature corrosion inhibitor products for acidification are selected as the corrosion inhibitor in the acid liquor according to the characteristics that the treated well bore is a high-temperature high-pressure gas well. Examples may be: the corrosion inhibitor for acidification is cyclohexanone ZX-09 (Beijing century Zhongxing energy technology Co., Ltd.), the corrosion inhibitor TC-1D (water soluble) (Xinjiang and Silverriver chemical industry Co., Ltd.), the corrosion inhibitor quinoline type quaternary ammonium salt YH-3 (Xinjiang and Silverriver chemical industry Co., Ltd.), the high temperature corrosion inhibitor ketone aldehyde amine condensate DJ-04 for acidification (Xinjiang Kuerle New Kate oil field chemical technology Co., Ltd.), the corrosion inhibitor ketone aldehyde amine condensate BD1-20 for acidification (Sichuan Beide oil technology development Co., Ltd.), the high temperature corrosion inhibitor quinoline type HS-01 for acidification (Xinjiang Bazhou Zhongli chemical technology Co., Ltd.), the corrosion inhibitor derivative XH-HS for acidification (Shouguangguang Xinhai chemical industry Co., Ltd.), and the like. The same considerations apply to the selection of other additives. Of course, the working fluid and the composition of the working fluid may be increased or decreased depending on the particular circumstances of the construction area and the wellbore.
In the method of the present invention, the number of the working fluid containers is at least two, and there may be a plurality of containers for each working fluid. In one embodiment of the method of the present invention, the acid holding device may be one or more than one, and the inert liquid holding device may be one or more than one. In one embodiment of the method of the present invention, the working fluid containing device comprises an acid liquid containing device and three inert liquid containing devices, wherein the three inert liquid containing devices respectively contain the pad fluid, the post fluid and the displacement fluid, and during construction operation, corresponding operation fluids are selected according to well structure, shaft integrity, pipe column structure, stratum characteristics and the like.
According to the method of the invention, the capacity of the working fluid containing device and the capacity of the neutralizing fluid containing device can be smaller. In one embodiment of the method of the present invention, the working liquid holding means and the neutralizing liquid holding means each have a capacity of 10m3-50m3Ranges, for example, use a tanker of suitable capacity.
In the method of the invention, all the working fluid containing devices are arranged in parallel, and the working fluid containing devices are communicated with the liquid pumping device A through a multi-way control valve, such as a multi-way valve. The communication between the liquid pumping device A and the specific working liquid containing device can be quickly realized by simply adjusting the multi-way control valve. For example, when the pad fluid is injected, the fluid pumping device a is communicated with the pad fluid containing device through the multi-way valve, the pad fluid in the device is injected into the wellhead oil pipe, and then the fluid pumping device a can be quickly disconnected from the pad fluid containing device and communicated with the acid liquor containing device through simple adjustment of the multi-way valve, so that acid liquor for plugging removal can be injected into the wellhead oil pipe.
In the method of the invention, the neutralization solution containing device is used for containing an alkaline solution, and the neutralization solution used at a construction site is a pH regulator and well site water. In actual construction, the pH value of the neutralizing liquid can be determined according to the acid rock reaction degree of the oil and gas well block, and the pH value of the neutralizing liquid is 10-13, for example. And the neutralizing liquid in the neutralizing liquid containing device is injected into the neutralizing device through the liquid pumping device B, so that the acid liquid is prevented from corroding and damaging ground production equipment in the well opening production process.
In the method of the invention, the neutralization device can be installed at a proper position of the well bore to be treated, for example, relative to different areas of the working fluid containing device, a liquid inlet of the neutralization device is communicated with a well head of the well bore to be deblocked, and formation fluid (including gas production and deblocking working fluid after reaction and the like) discharged from the well bore during the production of a post-treatment open flow is used for post-treatment.
In the method, during the process of neutralizing the formation fluid and the neutralizing liquid, sampling monitoring is carried out through a sampling port communicated with an outlet of the neutralizing device, after the pH value of the feed liquid is determined to be between 6 and 8, the feed liquid after the neutralization reaction enters a gas-liquid separation device, such as an oil-gas-water separator, for oil-gas-water separation.
In the method of the present invention, the gas-liquid separation device is a device for separating oil, gas and water from the fully neutralized mixed liquid containing the plugging removal liquid and the produced gas.
In the method, the first system is an acidification treatment system which is used for injecting the working fluid into a shaft to carry out acidification and corrosion on shaft blockage, and consists of a working fluid containing device, a liquid pumping device A and a shaft to be deblocked; the second system is a blowout production-seeking system and consists of a shaft to be deblocked, a neutralization liquid containing device, a liquid pumping device B, a neutralization device and a gas-liquid separation device. In the method, for the acidification plug removal construction, an additional acid liquid backflow device is not needed to be matched with the ground, and the acidification plug removal construction can be completed by matching the first system and the second system.
Specifically, by the design and implementation of the first system and the second system, the direct production after acidizing and deblocking can be realized, namely, no matter the step (1) and the step (2) are carried out in succession, or the well is shut down after the step (1), the step (2) is carried out under the condition that the production is required, and in both cases, no additional acid liquor flowback operation is required after the step (1) and before the step (2). In other words, in the method of the present invention, although the acid solution that completes the corrosion reaction is also returned to the wellhead, the return process is synchronized with the natural gas production process, and therefore, the method can be referred to as an acidification and blockage removal direct production method. The main reason that the direct production method can be performed is that the amount of acid liquor that is returned to the acid treatment apparatus can be low and can be lower than the treatment load of the acid liquor treatment apparatus in the second system while meeting the requirements of the acid treatment.
In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
In the method, the dosage of the working solution is small, particularly the dosage of the acid solution is small, the treatment effect is achieved, the utilization rate of the acid solution is high, various requirements of post-treatment are reduced, and the corrosivity of the acid solution on a shaft and an oil pipe is also effectively reduced.
In the method of the present invention, before the step (1), a step of determining an injection amount of the working fluid to be injected is further included. In one embodiment of the invention, the amount of the working fluid is determined according to the production thickness, the average porosity, the volume of the pipe column, the setting position of the packer and the plugging removal radius, and comprises the amount of the pad fluid, the amount of the acid fluid, the amount of the pad fluid and the amount of the displacement fluid, specifically, the amount of the pad fluid and the amount of the displacement fluid are determined according to the volume of the pipe column, the amount of the acid fluid is determined according to the production thickness, the average porosity and the plugging removal radius, and the amount of the displacement fluid is determined according to the volume of the pipe column and the setting position of the packer.
In the present invention, the terms "on-stream thickness", "average porosity", "tubing volume", "packer set position" and "plug radius" have the meanings conventionally considered in the art. Specifically, "production thickness" refers to the thickness of the open hole section or the perforation section; "average porosity" refers to the weighted average porosity for the production interval; "column volume" refers to the internal volume of the tubing.
According to the method, the process of injecting the working fluid in the working fluid containing device into the well bore is carried out by adjusting the multi-way control valve and controlling the pumping pressure of the fluid pumping device A, and the method comprises the following operations:
injecting a pad fluid into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, wherein the displacement of the pad fluid is 0.5-2m3/min；
Sequentially injecting acid liquor and postposition liquor into oil pipe at well mouth of well, wherein discharge capacity of acid liquor is 0.5-2m3The discharge capacity of the postposition liquid is 0.5-1m in the range of/min3The range of/min;
stopping pumping after the injection of the postposition liquid is finished until the blockage in the shaft below the shaft packer is basically acidified and corroded;
injecting displacement fluid into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, wherein the displacement of the displacement fluid is 0.5-2m3The range of/min;
and closing the well, and continuously carrying out acidification reaction in the well shaft to erode the well shaft plug.
In the method, before the pad fluid is injected into the oil pipe of the wellhead of the well bore, the pump injection pipeline of the wellhead is subjected to pressure test, so that the sealing performance of the working fluid injection path is determined. The pump injection pipeline can be a pressure pipeline, and the pressure of the pump injection pipeline can be tested according to the pressure resistance of the pressure pipeline, such as 95MPa or 115MPa, and the pressure is stabilized for 5min until the pressure is qualified.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the pad fluid is injected into the oil pipe of the shaft, whether the oil pipe and the casing are communicated or not is judged, namely, the trial extrusion operation is carried out, and under the condition that the oil pipe and the casing are not communicated, the maximum allowable annulus pressure value in the process of injecting the pad fluid is the minimum of the following three values: the lower value of 80% of the external extrusion resistance strength of the inner-layer sleeve, 80% of the minimum internal pressure resistance strength of the outer-layer sleeve, 80% of the flange strength under the four-way joint of the sleeve head and the pressure test value. In the method of the present invention, the pressure control range of the subsequently injected liquid is facilitated to be determined by the trial extrusion process. In general, the pressure control in the process of injecting the working fluid in the embodiment of the invention follows the principle that the oil pressure is controlled to be not more than the maximum allowable pressure value of the annular space, and the differential pressure of the oil jacket is 0-10 MPa. The same as the conventional operation of acidification blockage removal construction, the trial extrusion is necessary before formal implementation, and if the situation that liquid cannot enter the extrusion during the trial extrusion is found, the operation is stopped for corresponding treatment. The whole operation process needs to pay close attention to and strictly control the pressure of the oil sleeve, and the balance pressure is adjusted according to the oil pressure on site.
In the method, the pad fluid is injected into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, and the displacement of the pad fluid is 0.5-2m3And/min, wherein the specific control parameters can be determined according to the conditions of a construction site, the specification of pumping equipment and the well control safety requirement.
In the method of the present invention, the wellbore plugging removal scale (or wellbore plugging removal target) comprises: the acid solution is required to erode the plug in the oil pipe and mainly soaks the plug in the shaft below the erosion packer and the plug of the production passage of the stratum near the production interval.
In the method of the invention, the discharge capacity of the acid liquid is controlled to be less than or equal to that of the pad liquid, and can be 0.5-2m3Min, e.g. 0.5-1.5m3Min or 0.5-1m3And/min. In the method of the invention, the acid solution can be injected into the wellbore tubing once or in several times, in which case the displacement of acid solution per time can be the same or different. For example, the acid solution may be in the range of 0.5-1m3The volume of the injection per min can be 0.5-2m3Injecting part of the acid solution at a delivery rate of/min, and then at a rate of 0.5-1.5m3Injecting the other part of acid solution at a discharge rate of/min under the condition of ensuring that the acid solution fully reacts with the wellbore blockage and the formation blockage.
In the embodiment of the method of the present invention, the amount of the acid solution is not particularly specified, and is determined in actual operation according to the specific clogging condition.
In the present invention, as described above, the working fluid pumping device communicates with the working fluid container through the multi-way valve, and by controlling the multi-way valve, the working fluid pumping device can be quickly communicated with different inert fluid containers, and for example, a pad fluid, an acid fluid, a post fluid, etc. can be injected into the well bore oil pipe approximately continuously. Therefore, in the method of the invention, the discharge amount of the postposition liquid is controlled to be less than or equal to the discharge amount of the acid liquid under any acid liquid discharge condition, for example, between 0.5 and 1m3In the range of/min, the acid solution injected firstly is controlled to move slowly in the oil pipe and slowly and movably contact with the pipe wall blockage, so that the using amount of the acid solution is greatly reduced, the utilization efficiency of the acid solution is improved, the blockage dissolving effect is good, and the blockage removal of the oil pipe can be realized.
In an embodiment of the method of the present invention, the amount of the pad is substantially one tubing volume.
In the method, after the injection of the postposition liquid is finished, the pump injection is stopped, for example, the pump is stopped for 20 to 40min, for example, 30min, so that the acid liquid can sufficiently erode the blockage in the wellbore below the packer, and the blockage removal of the part is realized.
In the method, after the pump is stopped and the reaction is carried out for a period of time, the multi-way control valve is controlled, the displacement fluid is injected into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, and the displacement of the displacement fluid is 0.5-2m3The range of/min can be determined according to the injection amount of the acid liquor and the acidification reaction condition. In the method, the displacement volume of the displacement liquid is relatively large, so that the acid liquid can be further injected into a stratum production channel near the shaft to perform stratum blocking removal.
In the method of the invention, after the displacement fluid is injected, the well is closed for reaction for a period of time, for example, the well is closed for reaction for 1.5h to 4h, and the corrosion of the stratum blockage by the acid fluid is completed according to the corrosion condition of the blockage, for example, 2h or 3 h. Then the well can be opened and the production can be obtained by open flow. In theory, the control of the shut-in time is based on the completion of the corrosion reaction, and the shut-in time can also be maintained until the next production is required to start, i.e. the step (1) and the step (2) are carried out successively, or the well is shut-in after the step (1) is carried out, and the step (2) is carried out under the condition that open-flow production is required.
The implementation of the carbonate rock high-temperature high-pressure gas well shaft acidizing and de-plugging method provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the acidizing plug removal method provided by the invention does not need to arrange a flow-back device on the ground, avoids the operation and maintenance cost of the ground flow-back device, requires a small amount of equipment and a small number of personnel in the construction process, is convenient for organizing production, can realize simple, safe and efficient low-cost shaft plug removal through a direct production technology that a small amount of acid liquid is not returned in the acidizing plug removal process of a periodically plugged well, and has very high practical popularization and application values.
2. According to the method, the acid liquor enters the high-temperature and high-pressure stratum and then fully reacts with the stratum blockage, the acid liquor does not need to be returned to an inlet during construction operation, the working fluid after blockage removal, particularly the acid liquor, is returned along with the gas production during open flow production, the neutralized liquid is treated at a well mouth, and then the treated liquid directly enters a gas-liquid separator process, namely, the acid liquor post-treatment and the gas production treatment are carried out together, so that the operation is simple, safe and efficient.
3. The method effectively increases the contact reaction efficiency of the acid solution with the shaft and the stratum blockage, obviously improves the flow passage of the fluid, is used for shaft blockage removal, can carry out combined blockage removal on the shaft below an oil pipe and a packer and the stratum near the shaft, and has good blockage removal effect.
4. The method can realize good blockage removing effect by using a small amount of acid liquor, has high utilization rate of the acid liquor, can correspondingly reduce ground supporting facilities of a high-temperature and high-pressure shaft blockage well by using a direct production technology in the later period, reduces various requirements of post-treatment, and avoids the operation and maintenance cost of a large amount of ground equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbonate rock high-temperature high-pressure gas well wellbore acidizing and plugging removal system according to one embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1 acid tank truck
2 front-mounted tank truck
3 postposition tank truck
4 displacement tank truck
5-way valve
6 large-discharge acidizing and fracturing pump truck
7 gas production tree
8 high temperature high pressure gas well body structure of carbonate rock
9 neutralizing liquid pump vehicle
10 neutralizing tank truck
11 neutralization device
12 mixed liquid sampling port
13 oil-gas-water separator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the acidification plug removal system adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an acid tank truck 1, a front tank truck 2, a rear tank truck 3 and a displacement tank truck 4 which are arranged in parallel (all the tank trucks are rectangular)Tank car with capacity of 10m3～50m3The system is used for containing pre-positioned fluid, post-positioned fluid and displacement fluid respectively), the discharge ports are connected with an acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6 through a multi-way control valve 5 and are arranged in a proper area at one side of a shaft to be treated in a working site, and the discharge ports of the acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6 are communicated to an inlet at the upper end of a gas production tree 7 of a well body structure 8 through pipelines to form a first system, which is also called an acidizing system; in the other side area of the shaft to be treated, a liquid inlet of a neutralization tank truck 10 is communicated with a right inlet of a gas production tree 7 through a neutralization pump truck 9, a liquid inlet of a neutralization device 11 is also communicated with a right inlet of the gas production tree 7 through a pipeline (two liquid inlets are converged and communicated with the gas production tree 7), a liquid outlet of the neutralization device 11 is connected with an oil-water separator 13 in series through a pipeline, and a mixed liquid sampling port 12 and a control mechanism are further arranged on the serial pipeline, so that a second system, namely a blowout production system, is formed.
Example 1A wellbore acidizing unblocking
The A block belongs to a Kyoho gas field, is a carbonate rock high-temperature high-pressure natural gas field, and has a well depth of 7116 meters for an A gas well (KeS8-A well), an original formation pressure of 123MPa and a bottom temperature of about 170 ℃; the production thickness of the well is about 70m, the average porosity is about 7 percent, and the volume of the pipe column is about 25m3(ii) a The oil pressure of the well can reach 97.69MPa at the initial production stage, and the daily natural gas yield is about 78.01 multiplied by 104m3(ii) a The oil pressure output is continuously reduced due to the blockage of the shaft in the production process, before the acidizing blockage removal construction of the shaft is ended, the oil pressure of the shaft is reduced to 22.8MPa, and the daily natural gas yield is 12.70 multiplied by 104m3. And (5) determining to implement the fixed-point acidizing and plugging removal construction of the shaft.
Installation of the unblocking construction system referring to fig. 1, the preparation of the working fluid includes: pad fluid 70m3And displacement liquid 30m380m of acid liquor3120m of neutralizing solution3And is arranged in a corresponding working tank truck. In this embodiment, the pad fluid and post fluid may be the same composition, and the post tank truck 3 is only for standby.
The compositions of the working solutions were as follows:
acid liquor: 10% of hydrochloric acid, 1.0% of thickening agent, 1.0% of demulsifier, 1.0% of cleanup additive, 2.0% of corrosion inhibitor, 1.0% of iron ion stabilizer, 0.5% of conditioner and the balance of well site water;
pre-solution: 5% hydrochloric acid, 2.0% corrosion inhibitor, 1.0% iron ion stabilizer, 1.0% clay stabilizer, 1.0% demulsifier, 3.0% acidification synergist, 5.0% waterproof locking agent and the balance of well site water;
post-liquid: 5% hydrochloric acid, 2.0% corrosion inhibitor, 1.0% iron ion stabilizer, 1.0% clay stabilizer, 1.0% demulsifier, 3.0% acidification synergist, 5.0% waterproof locking agent and the balance of well site water;
displacing liquid: 0.5% of resistance reducing agent, 1.0% of demulsifier, 1.0% of cleanup additive, 0.1% of bactericide, 1.0% of anti-swelling agent, 5.0% of waterproof locking agent and the balance of well site water;
neutralizing liquid: pH regulator and well site water, and pH value of the neutralizing liquid is determined according to the acid rock reaction degree of the oil and gas well block, and is generally 10-13.
In the working solution prepared by the embodiment, all components are conventional commercial products, the acidizing corrosion inhibitor is cyclohexanone ZX-09, the iron ion stabilizer is citric acid ZX-10, the clay stabilizer is polycation quaternary ammonium salt BD1-13, the waterproof locking agent is methanol, the cleanup additive is VT-2, the demulsifier is propylene oxide DJ-10 and the like, and the same components are generally selected in all working solutions for convenient operation.
Referring to fig. 1, after the system and the ground construction pipeline are arranged, well mouths on the left side and the right side of a gas production tree 7 are closed, and a high-pressure pipeline is subjected to pressure test of 95MPa and pressure stabilization of 5min until the high-pressure pipeline is qualified.
And adjusting a liquid outlet of the preposed tank truck 2 and the multi-way valve 5 to be communicated to the acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6, and trying to squeeze the preposed liquid to judge the communication condition of the oil pipe and the sleeve. And controlling the oil pressure to be not more than 80MPa and the oil jacket pressure difference to be less than 10MPa to squeeze the pad fluid (according to the control principle, the maximum allowable annulus pressure value is determined to be 85 MPa). Controlling the pump pressure of a large-displacement acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6, and injecting about 40m of pad fluid through a wellhead at the upper end of a gas production tree 73. The displacement of the front liquid is controlled to be 0.5-2m3The pressure test results of the different displacement amounts of the pad fluid are also shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2A well unblocking construction pressure prediction
After the preposed liquid is injected, the same pressure control principle and conditions are followed, the acid liquid tank truck 1 is adjusted to be communicated to the acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6 through the multi-way valve 5, and 80m is sequentially injected into the wellhead at the upper end of the gas production tree 73Acid liquor and about 35m3The pre-liquid (used as post-liquid) has acid liquid discharge capacity of 0.5-2m3The discharge volume of the pad fluid is in the range of 0.5-1m3The range of/min; stopping the pump for about 30min until the blockage in the well bore below the well bore packer is substantially acid-corroded; then the large-displacement acidizing and fracturing pump truck 6 is restarted and injected into the well head at the upper end of the gas production tree 7 for about 30m3Displacement liquid with displacement volume of 0.5-2m3The range of/min; and closing the well, and continuously carrying out acidification reaction in the well bore.
The specific pumping procedure for well acidizing plugging removal construction is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3A well shaft acidizing plug removal construction pumping program
And closing the wellhead at the upper end of the gas production tree 7, and reacting for more than 2 hours to basically finish the acid rock reaction. And then, opening the well mouth on the right side of the gas production tree 7, closing the well mouth at the upper end of the gas production tree 7, keeping the well mouth on the left side of the gas production tree 7 in a closed state, and opening the well and carrying out open flow to obtain the yield.
And controlling a neutralization pump truck 9 to enable formation fluid to flow to a neutralization device 11 through a shaft to implement neutralization, conveying the mixture to a deoiling water separator 13 through a pipeline, sampling at a mixed liquid sampling port 12 in real time in the process, and when the pH value of the mixed liquid is measured to be 6-8, considering that the mixed liquid is fully reacted, and enabling the mixed liquid to enter the oil-gas-water separator 13 to carry out oil-gas-water separation and be introduced into respective collection channels.
After the shaft is unblocked, the oil pressure is 77.5MPa, and the daily natural gas is 49.73 multiplied by 104m3. The unimpeded flow rate reaches more than 5 times of that before unblocking, the oil pressure output is stable, and the productivity is successfully recovered.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A shaft acidizing and plug removing method for a carbonate rock high-temperature high-pressure gas well comprises the following steps:
(1) more than two working fluid containing devices which are arranged in parallel are communicated with a shaft to be unplugged through a liquid pumping device A to form a first system, the liquid pumping device A is controlled to inject the working fluid in the working fluid containing devices into the shaft, and the shaft blockage is corroded through acidification reaction;
(2) communicating a liquid inlet of a neutralizing device with a shaft to be subjected to blockage removal treatment, communicating a liquid inlet of the neutralizing device with a liquid outlet of a neutralizing liquid containing device through a liquid pumping device B, communicating a liquid outlet of the neutralizing device with a gas-liquid separating device in series, further forming a second system, after acidizing reaction of shaft blockage is finished, releasing injection for production, and simultaneously controlling the liquid pumping device B to enable formation fluid to flow to the neutralizing device through the shaft, be neutralized by neutralizing liquid from the neutralizing liquid containing device, and enable feed liquid after the neutralizing reaction to enter the gas-liquid separating device for oil-gas-water separation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the working liquid at least comprises acid liquid, front liquid, back liquid and displacing liquid, the compositions of the front liquid, the back liquid and the displacing liquid are the same or different, and the front liquid, the back liquid and the displacing liquid are respectively contained in corresponding working liquid containing devices which are arranged in parallel, and the working liquid containing devices are communicated with the liquid pumping device A through multi-way control valves;
before the step (1), the method also comprises the step of determining the amount of the working fluid required to be injected;
the process of injecting the working fluid in the working fluid containing device into the well bore is carried out by adjusting the multi-way control valve and controlling the discharge capacity of the fluid, and comprises the following operations:
injecting a pad fluid into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, wherein the displacement of the pad fluid is 0.5-2m3/min；
Sequentially injecting acid liquor and postposition liquor into oil pipe at well mouth of well, wherein discharge capacity of acid liquor is 0.5-2m3The discharge capacity of the postposition liquid is 0.5-1m in the range of/min3The range of/min;
stopping pumping after the injection of the postposition liquid is finished until the blockage in the shaft below the shaft packer is basically acidified and corroded;
injecting displacement fluid into an oil pipe at the wellhead of the shaft, wherein the displacement of the displacement fluid is 0.5-2m3The range of/min;
and closing the well, and continuously carrying out acidification reaction in the well shaft to erode the well shaft plug.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the acid is injected into the wellbore tubing one or more times; in the case of multiple times, the discharge amount of acid liquid is the same or different each time.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the pre-fluid, post-fluid, and/or displacement fluid are the same composition and are all inert fluids.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein prior to step (1), further comprising determining the amount of the treatment fluid based on the production thickness, the average porosity, the volume of the tubing string, the packer setting position, and the unblocking radius.
6. The method of claim 2, further comprising controlling the oil pressure to be not more than the maximum allowable annulus pressure value and the oil jacket pressure difference to be 0-10MPa during the process of injecting the working fluid; the maximum allowable annulus pressure value is the minimum value of the oil pipe and the casing pipe when the oil pipe and the casing pipe are not communicated: the lower value of 80% of the external extrusion resistance strength of the inner-layer sleeve, 80% of the minimum internal pressure resistance strength of the outer-layer sleeve, 80% of the flange strength under the four-way joint of the sleeve head and the pressure test value.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein step (1) is performed in succession to step (2), or step (1) is performed followed by shut-in and step (2) is performed in the event that a blowout production is required.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the neutralizing solution is a pH adjusting agent and wellsite water.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein during the process of allowing the formation fluid to flow to the neutralization device through the well bore and be mixed with the neutralization solution from the neutralization solution containing device to be neutralized, sampling is performed at a sampling port communicated with an outlet of the neutralization device, and after the pH value of the feed liquid is determined to be between 6 and 8, the feed liquid after the neutralization reaction is introduced into the gas-liquid separation device to perform oil-gas-water separation.
10. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the working liquid comprises an acid solution, which is an acid hydrochloride system.
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