CN113464054A - Drilling device and drilling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling method of a drilling device, and relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering drilling. The drilling device comprises a drilling tool arranged in a shaft and a vibrating device arranged on the drilling tool, wherein the vibrating device is communicated with the first channel, when fluid flows through the vibrating device, the vibrating device generates vibration so as to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool and/or the shaft to fall off, accidents such as drilling tool jamming and the like caused by mud cake ring formation can be avoided, and the influence of stratum water outflow on gas drilling is greatly reduced.

Description

Drilling device and drilling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering drilling, in particular to a drilling method of a drilling device.

Background

The gas (including air, nitrogen, natural gas and the like) drilling is a drilling mode that high-pressure gas replaces ordinary drilling fluid, rock debris generated in the drilling process is carried to the ground, meanwhile, the drill bit is cooled, and then people are discharged to a waste sand pit through a special sand discharge pipeline. The gas drilling technology can improve the mechanical drilling speed to the maximum extent, the drilling speed can reach 3-8 times of that of the conventional mud drilling, and meanwhile, the method is one of the most effective methods for solving the well leakage, protecting and finding the oil-gas layer, and plays an active role in the exploration and development of the oil-gas field.

However, the use of gas drilling techniques also has certain limitations. For example, once the formation is drained, dust and rock debris in the annular space agglomerate with each other when meeting the formation water to form a large rock debris cluster, when the rock debris cluster cannot be brought out of the shaft by gas, the rock debris cluster is adhered and gathered at a certain position of the shaft, then a mud cake ring is formed and adhered to the shaft wall and a drilling tool to block an annular channel, and if measures are not taken in time, the drilling tool is finally stuck or other complicated underground accidents are caused.

When gas drilling is carried out on formation effluent, the method adopted in the prior art is to adopt measures such as increasing gas discharge capacity, converting atomization drilling, foam drilling and the like to improve the adaptability to the formation effluent, or add a water absorbent in circulating gas and the like to reduce the influence of the formation effluent, the application range of the method is limited, and particularly when the formation effluent is large, the conventional mud drilling mode can only be converted back, so that the advantage of gas drilling is lost.

Therefore, a new drilling device and/or method is needed for solving the downhole complex problems of drilling sticking and the like caused by the fact that stratum water is discharged in the gas drilling process, and rock debris dust is agglomerated when meeting the stratum water and is adhered to a well wall and a drilling tool to block an annular channel.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides a drilling device for solving at least one of the above technical problems.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a drilling apparatus comprising a drilling device for location in a wellbore, the drilling device having a first passage provided therein, a first end and a second end of the drilling device being an inlet and an outlet, respectively, of the first passage;

the outer wall of the drilling tool and the inner wall of the shaft form a second channel, the upper end of the shaft is an outlet of the second channel, and the outlet of the first channel is communicated with the inlet of the second channel;

when fluid enters the first channel from the first end of the drilling tool and is discharged from the first channel to the second channel from the second end of the drilling tool, rock debris generated in the drilling process is simultaneously discharged to the second channel, and the fluid drives the rock debris to be discharged out of the shaft from the outlet of the second channel;

the drilling tool further comprises a vibration device arranged on the drilling tool, the vibration device is communicated with the first channel, and when fluid flows through the vibration device, the vibration device generates vibration so as to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool and/or the well bore to fall off.

In one embodiment, the vibration device is a sonic vibration generator.

In one embodiment, the vibration device is a jet acoustic wave generator or a parman acoustic wave generator.

In one embodiment, the jet acoustic wave generator comprises a body, a nozzle disposed inside the body, and a resonant element disposed at an outlet of the nozzle, the resonant element having a resonant cavity disposed opposite the outlet of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity.

In one embodiment, the jet acoustic generator further comprises an adjustment mount associated with the nozzle and the resonant element, respectively, to fix the resonant element at the outlet of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the adjustment support comprises an adjustable connection to which the end of the resonant element remote from the resonant cavity is connected, the adjustable connection allowing the distance between the resonant cavity and the outlet of the nozzle to be adjusted.

In one embodiment, a threaded hole is provided in the adjustable connecting portion, one end of the resonance element away from the resonance cavity is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, and the depth of the resonance element screwed into the threaded hole is adjusted at one end of the resonance element away from the resonance cavity, so that the distance between the resonance cavity and the outlet of the nozzle is adjustable.

In one embodiment, the adjusting support further comprises legs, one end of each leg is arranged on the outer side of the adjustable connecting portion, the other end of each leg is connected with the nozzle, the number of the legs is at least two, and at least two of the legs are arranged around the circumference of the resonant element.

In one embodiment, the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit arranged at the tail end of the drill rod, the number of the drill rod is at least two, and each drill rod is provided with at least one jet type sound wave generator.

In one embodiment, the injection sound generator further comprises a first connector disposed at one end of the main body and extending into and fixedly connected to one of the drill rods, and a second connector disposed at the other end of the main body and receiving and fixedly connected to the other of the drill rods.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drilling tool for drilling a well, comprising drill rods and a drill bit arranged at the end of the drill rods, wherein the number of the drill rods is at least two, and wherein at least one of the drill rods is provided with a vibration device for generating vibration to detach attachments adhered to the drilling tool.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vibration device for well drilling, which is provided in the well drilling tool, and which generates vibration to detach attachments adhered to the well drilling tool.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of drilling a well, comprising the steps of:

s1: arranging a drilling tool in a shaft, wherein a first passage is arranged in the drilling tool, the first end and the second end of the drilling tool are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first passage, the outer wall of the drilling tool and the inner wall of the shaft form a second passage, the upper end of the shaft is an outlet of the second passage, and the outlet of the first passage is communicated with the inlet of the second passage;

s2: arranging a vibration device on the drilling tool, wherein the vibration device is used for generating vibration to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool and/or the well bore to fall off;

s3: allowing fluid to enter the first passage from the first end of the drilling tool and to exit the first passage to the second passage from the second end of the drilling tool, simultaneously discharging cuttings produced during drilling to the second passage as the fluid exits the first passage, and allowing the fluid to carry the cuttings out of the wellbore from the outlet of the second passage; when fluid flows through the vibration device, the vibration device vibrates to break off the attachments adhered to the drilling tool and/or the wellbore.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through installing vibrating device on the drilling tool, utilize the gas of injecing to make vibrating device produce high frequency vibration to make the mud group that makes the adhesion on drilling tool and/or pit shaft drop, can avoid forming the mud cake circle and cause accidents such as drilling tool sticking, and greatly reduced the influence of stratum play water to gas drilling.

Drawings

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a drilling assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the jet acoustic wave generator shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the jet acoustic wave generator shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the adjustment bracket shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the resonance generated by a jet acoustic wave generator;

fig. 6 and 7 are schematic structural views of a palman sound generator.

Reference numerals:

1-a wellbore; 2-drilling tool; 3-a first channel; 4-a second channel; 5-a vibration device;

21-a drill rod 2; 22-a drill bit;

51-a body; 511-a first linker; 512-a second connector;

52-a nozzle; 521-the outlet of the nozzle;

53-a resonant element; 531-resonant cavity;

54-adjusting the support; 541-an adjustable connection; 542-a threaded hole; 543-support legs;

55-a nozzle with a high-velocity spray chamber; 56-fulcrum reed; 57-cantilevered spring.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a drilling apparatus, particularly suitable for gas drilling. The drilling device comprises a drilling tool 2 arranged in a shaft 1, wherein a first passage 3 is arranged in the drilling tool 2, and the first end and the second end of the drilling tool 2 are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first passage 3; the outer wall of the drilling tool 2 and the inner wall of the shaft 1 form a second channel 4, the upper end of the shaft 1 is an outlet of the second channel 4, and an outlet of the first channel 3 is communicated with an inlet of the second channel 4.

When the drilling device is in use, fluid enters the first passage 3 from the first end of the drilling tool 2 and is discharged from the second end of the drilling tool 2, i.e. from the first passage 3 to the second passage 4, cuttings generated during drilling are simultaneously discharged to the second passage 4, so that the fluid can drive the cuttings to be discharged out of the wellbore 1 from the outlet of the second passage 4.

The fluid of the present invention may be air, nitrogen or natural gas, or a gas mixture, and the fluid of the present invention may be in a high pressure state. The arrows in fig. 1 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

The drilling device of the present invention further comprises a vibration device 5 disposed on the drilling tool 2, wherein the vibration device 5 is in communication with the first passage 3, and when fluid enters the first passage 3 from the first end of the drilling tool 2 and flows through the vibration device 5, the vibration device 5 vibrates to detach attachments adhered on the drilling tool 2 and/or the wellbore 1.

Wherein, the attachments are formed by mixing rock debris and water to form a mud ball or a mud cake ring.

Example 1

The vibrating device 5 is a sound wave vibration generator, vibration and high-frequency sound waves are generated through the sound wave vibration generator, the high-frequency sound waves and the vibration perform mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and/or the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and/or the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling jamming and the like caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Example 2

The vibration means 5 is a jet-type acoustic wave generator, i.e. a Hartmann (Hartmann) acoustic wave generator. The principle is that high-speed fluid is used as a power source, and vibration is generated in a mechanical device and simultaneously sound waves are excited.

The structure of the injection type sound wave generator will be described in detail below.

The jet-type acoustic wave generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at an outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

Example 3

The drilling tool 2 of the present embodiment comprises a drill rod 21 and a drill bit 22 arranged at the end of the drill rod 21, wherein the number of drill rods 21 is at least two, and the drill bit 22 is arranged at the end of the most downstream drill rod 21. And at least one jet sound generator is arranged on each section of drill pipe 21.

The jet-type acoustic wave generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at an outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

Example 4

The vibration device 5 is a Parlman sound generator.

The paltman sound generator includes a nozzle 55 having a high-speed ejection chamber and an elastic reed provided at an outlet of the nozzle 55 of the high-speed ejection chamber, and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the high-speed ejection chamber-reed system is a basic vibration system of the paltman sound generator. The outlet of the nozzle 55 of the high-speed spraying cavity is a rectangular narrow-slit nozzle which is kept opposite to the elastic spring leaf.

The high-speed spray chamber of the nozzle 55 is a fluid excitation source and belongs to a power system. The elastic reed is a mechanical resonator, and belongs to an energy feedback system. The spring reed may be made of brass or stainless steel. This acoustic wave generator was first invented and applied in the industry by R Pohlmann and W Janovsky in 1948, and is therefore also known as a Pohlmann-Janovsky whistle.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the spring reed is a fulcrum reed 56. The fulcrum reed 56 is supported and fixed by four supporting points, and is also called a four-fulcrum reed whistle.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the sexual reed is a cantilevered reed 57, one end of the cantilevered reed 57 is fixed and the other end is free to vibrate.

The vibration process of the Parlman sound generator is as follows: the high-speed fluid ejected from the nozzle 55 impinges on the elastic spring fixed on the head-on side, and the elastic spring is excited by the oscillation of the jet flow. The spring reed has its own eigenfrequency, as does the fluidic chip. By varying the pressure of the incident liquid, the flow rate of the liquid jet is also varied. When the eigenfrequency of the fluidic chip and the eigenfrequency of the elastic reed match, resonance occurs, which results in the generation of acoustic waves.

In addition, the jet liquid sheet has multiple harmonic frequencies besides the eigenfrequency, the elastic reed also has the eigenfrequency and the multiple harmonic frequencies, and the coincidence of any harmonic frequency between the jet liquid sheet and the elastic reed can generate resonance, preferably, the fundamental frequencies of the jet liquid sheet and the elastic reed are equal, and the efficiency is highest when the fluid sheet and the elastic reed are coincided.

Example 5

The embodiment provides a drilling method, in particular to a gas drilling method, which comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: a drilling tool 2 is arranged in the wellbore 1. Wherein, a first channel 3 is arranged in the drilling tool 2, and the first end and the second end of the drilling tool 2 are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first channel 3; the outer wall of the drilling tool 2 and the inner wall of the shaft 1 form a second channel 4, the upper end of the shaft 1 is an outlet of the second channel 4, and an outlet of the first channel 3 is communicated with an inlet of the second channel 4.

The second step is that: a vibration device 5 is provided on the drilling tool 2. Wherein the vibration means 5 is in communication with the first channel 3.

The third step: fluid is caused to enter the first passage 3 from the first end of the drilling tool 1 and to exit the first passage 3 to the second passage 4 from the second end of the drilling tool 2, debris generated during drilling is simultaneously discharged to the second passage 4 as the fluid exits the first passage 3, and the fluid carries the debris out of the wellbore 1 from the outlet of the second passage 4.

Since the vibration device 5 is in communication with the first passage 3, the fluid flowing through the first passage 3 will flow through the vibration device 5, and when the fluid flows through the vibration device 5, the vibration device 5 vibrates to detach the adhered attachments from the drilling tool 2 and/or the wellbore 1.

The fluid in this embodiment may be air, nitrogen or natural gas, or a gas mixture, and further, the fluid in this embodiment may be in a high pressure state.

Wherein, the attachments are formed by mixing rock debris and water to form a mud ball or a mud cake ring.

Further, the vibration device 5 is a jet type sound generator. The drilling tool 2 comprises a drill rod 21 and a drill bit 22 arranged at the end of the drill rod 21, wherein the number of drill rods 21 is at least two and the drill bit 22 is arranged at the end of the most downstream drill rod 21. And at least one jet sound generator is arranged on each section of drill pipe 21.

In particular, the acoustic jet generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at the outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

Example 6

The embodiment provides a drilling method, in particular to an atomization drilling method, which comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: a drilling tool 2 is arranged in the wellbore 1. Wherein, a first channel 3 is arranged in the drilling tool 2, and the first end and the second end of the drilling tool 2 are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first channel 3; the outer wall of the drilling tool 2 and the inner wall of the shaft 1 form a second channel 4, the upper end of the shaft 1 is an outlet of the second channel 4, and an outlet of the first channel 3 is communicated with an inlet of the second channel 4.

The second step is that: a vibration device 5 is provided on the drilling tool 2. Wherein the vibration means 5 is in communication with the first channel 3.

And thirdly, drilling in a mode of atomization drilling, wherein when the fluid flows through the vibration device 5, the vibration device 5 generates vibration so as to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool 2 and/or the shaft 1 to be detached.

Further, the vibration device 5 is a jet type sound generator. The drilling tool 2 comprises a drill rod 21 and a drill bit 22 arranged at the end of the drill rod 21, wherein the number of drill rods 21 is at least two and the drill bit 22 is arranged at the end of the most downstream drill rod 21. And at least one jet sound generator is arranged on each section of drill pipe 21.

In particular, the acoustic jet generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at the outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

Example 7

The embodiment provides a drilling method, in particular to a foam drilling method, which comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: a drilling tool 2 is arranged in the wellbore 1. Wherein, a first channel 3 is arranged in the drilling tool 2, and the first end and the second end of the drilling tool 2 are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first channel 3; the outer wall of the drilling tool 2 and the inner wall of the shaft 1 form a second channel 4, the upper end of the shaft 1 is an outlet of the second channel 4, and an outlet of the first channel 3 is communicated with an inlet of the second channel 4.

The second step is that: a vibration device 5 is provided on the drilling tool 2. Wherein the vibration means 5 is in communication with the first channel 3.

And thirdly, drilling in a foam drilling mode, wherein when the fluid flows through the vibration device 5, the vibration device 5 generates vibration so as to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool 2 and/or the well shaft 1 to be detached.

Further, the vibration device 5 is a jet type sound generator. The drilling tool 2 comprises a drill rod 21 and a drill bit 22 arranged at the end of the drill rod 21, wherein the number of drill rods 21 is at least two and the drill bit 22 is arranged at the end of the most downstream drill rod 21. And at least one jet sound generator is arranged on each section of drill pipe 21.

In particular, the acoustic jet generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at the outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

Example 8

The embodiment provides a well drilling method, in particular a gas well drilling method added with a water absorbing agent, which comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: a drilling tool 2 is arranged in the wellbore 1. Wherein, a first channel 3 is arranged in the drilling tool 2, and the first end and the second end of the drilling tool 2 are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first channel 3; the outer wall of the drilling tool 2 and the inner wall of the shaft 1 form a second channel 4, the upper end of the shaft 1 is an outlet of the second channel 4, and an outlet of the first channel 3 is communicated with an inlet of the second channel 4.

The second step is that: a vibration device 5 is provided on the drilling tool 2. Wherein the vibration means 5 is in communication with the first channel 3.

The third step: fluid is caused to enter the first passage 3 from the first end of the drilling device 1 and a water-absorbing agent is added to the fluid.

The fluid with the added water absorbent exits the first passage 3 to the second passage 4 from the second end of the drilling tool 2, the fluid exits the first passage 3 and simultaneously discharges the debris generated during drilling to the second passage 4, and the fluid carries the debris out of the wellbore 1 from the outlet of the second passage 4.

Since the vibration device 5 is in communication with the first passage 3, the fluid flowing through the first passage 3 will flow through the vibration device 5, and when the fluid flows through the vibration device 5, the vibration device 5 vibrates to detach the adhered attachments from the drilling tool 2 and/or the wellbore 1.

The fluid in this embodiment may be air, nitrogen or natural gas, or a gas mixture, and further, the fluid in this embodiment may be in a high pressure state.

Wherein, the attachments are formed by mixing rock debris and water to form a mud ball or a mud cake ring.

Further, the vibration device 5 is a jet type sound generator. The drilling tool 2 comprises a drill rod 21 and a drill bit 22 arranged at the end of the drill rod 21, wherein the number of drill rods 21 is at least two and the drill bit 22 is arranged at the end of the most downstream drill rod 21. And at least one jet sound generator is arranged on each section of drill pipe 21.

In particular, the acoustic jet generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at the outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

Example 9

The method of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking the stratum of the Sichuan basin, the river, etc. The stratum of the Jiahe river is a compact sandstone reservoir, has poor physical property, serious water sensitivity and poor rock drillability, adopts a mud drilling machine to have extremely low drilling speed, is easy to pollute the stratum and seriously influences the productivity. The gas drilling can greatly improve the drilling speed and avoid reservoir pollution.

However, water is often discharged from the formation of the river during the drilling process, and the formation water mixed with rock debris forms mud clusters which are adhered to the drilling tool and the well wall to block the annular space, so that the rock debris cannot return upwards, and accidents such as drill jamming and the like are caused. The existing measures are that when the water yield of the stratum is less than 0.48m3/h, the gas flow can be increased for drainage; if the water yield is within the range of 0.48-7.9 m3/h, an atomization drilling method or a foam drilling method can be adopted; when the water yield is higher, the drilling needs to be changed into drilling fluid drilling, and the advantage of gas drilling is lost.

In this embodiment, the drilling method and the drilling apparatus of the present invention are applied to the formation of the Turkish river.

The drilling tool 2 of the present embodiment comprises a plurality of drill rods 21 and a drill bit 22 disposed at the distal end of the drill rods 21, and at least one jet sound generator is disposed on each drill rod 21. The number of drill rods 21 can be selected according to the actual requirements.

The jet-type acoustic wave generator comprises a main body 51, a nozzle 52 arranged inside the main body 51 and a resonant element 53 arranged at an outlet 521 of the nozzle, the resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531, the resonant cavity 531 being arranged opposite the outlet 521 of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle 52.

Jet frequency f of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle₁And the eigenfrequency f of the resonant cavity 531₂Coincidence, i.e. f₁＝f₂。

As shown in fig. 2-4, the body 51 is a cylindrical structure with a cavity disposed therein to accommodate the nozzle 52 and the resonating element 53. The nozzle 52 is an acoustic excitation source configured as a conical member, the axis of the nozzle 52 being collinear with the axis of the body 51. The resonant cavity 531 is a mechanical resonant cavity for reflecting high-speed fluid to achieve the purpose of colliding with the incoming flow, and belongs to an energy feedback system.

The outlet 521 of the nozzle faces the resonant cavity 531 of the resonant element 53 to eject fluid into the resonant cavity 531. The nozzle 521 and the resonant cavity 531 constitute the basic vibrating unit of the jet-type acoustic wave generator. After entering the nozzle 521, the fluid is ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle at a high speed, and the ejected fluid forms a diffusion area in front of the outlet 521 of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion region may be divided into a fluid pressure change region, a fluid collision region, and a fluid backflush region. Since the fluid pressure in the diffusion region varies periodically, a resonant system is formed by placing a resonant element 53 having a resonant cavity 531 in the diffusion region. When the fluid with periodic pressure change enters the resonant cavity 531, the pressure of the resonant cavity 531 is gradually increased and finally fed back, so that the sound wave oscillation is formed. When the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet 521 of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity 531, resonance occurs, and thus high-intensity sound waves and ultrasonic waves are generated. The high-frequency sound waves and the vibration have mechanical vibration action and cavitation action on mud cake rings or mud cakes adhered to the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1, so that the mud cakes and the mud cake rings fall off from the drilling tool 2 and the shaft 1 and are crushed into small particles, and the small particles are carried out of the ground by gas in time, so that accidents such as drilling blockage caused by formation of the mud cake rings are avoided.

Note that the arrows shown in fig. 5 indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

Further, the jet-type sound generator further includes an adjustment support 54, and the adjustment support 54 is connected to the nozzle 52 and the resonance member 53, respectively, to fix the resonance member 53 at the outlet 521 of the nozzle. Further, for ease of installation, the adjustment mount 54 may be disposed coaxially with the main body 51, the nozzle 52, or the resonant element 53.

The adjustment support 54 comprises an adjustable connection 541, to which the end of the resonant element 53 remote from the resonant cavity 531 is connected, the adjustable connection 541 allowing the distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle to be adjusted.

Specifically, a threaded hole 542 is formed in the adjustable connecting portion 541, an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole 542, and an end of the resonant element 53 away from the resonant cavity 531 is adjusted in a depth of being screwed into the threaded hole 542, so that a distance between the resonant cavity 531 and the outlet 521 of the nozzle is adjustable.

The adjustable support 54 further includes two legs 543, one end of each leg 543 is disposed outside the adjustable connection portion 541, the other end of each leg 543 is connected to the nozzle 52, and at least two legs 543 are disposed around the circumference of the resonant element 53.

As shown in fig. 4, the number of legs 543 is 3, so that the tuning support 54 may also be called a 3-lobe structure, which is equally spaced around the circumference of the resonant element 53, so that the gas can flow downward (downward flow means that the fluid flows along downward arrows as shown in fig. 5).

In addition, the injection type sound wave generator further comprises a first connector 511 arranged at one end of the main body 51 and a second connector 512 arranged at the other end of the main body 51, wherein the first connector 511 extends into one end of the drill rod 21 and is fixedly connected with the same, and the other end of the drill rod 21 extends into the second connector 512 and is fixedly connected with the same.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 21 have 8 sections, and each section of the drill rods 21 is provided with a jet type sound wave generator. When the drill pipe 21 is connected with the injection type sound wave generator, as the outer wall of the first connector 511 is provided with external threads and the second connector 512 is provided with internal threads, the first connector 511 extends into the first section of drill pipe 21 and forms threaded connection with the first section of drill pipe, and the second connector 512 accommodates the second section of drill pipe 21 (located at the downstream of the first section of drill pipe 21) and forms threaded connection with the second section of drill pipe, and then the drill pipes are sequentially connected, namely the drill pipes can extend into an open hole (stratum).

In other words, in the present embodiment, the jet sonic generator is connected to the section of drill pipe 21 upstream thereof and the section of drill pipe 21 downstream thereof, respectively.

When gas enters the first channel 3 from the first end of the drilling tool 1, the gas flows through the jet type sound wave generator, so that sound wave high-frequency vibration is generated, attachments adhered to the drilling tool 2 and/or the shaft 1 fall off and are carried out by the gas, and the influence of formation water during gas drilling is greatly reduced.

In conclusion, the vibration device is arranged on the drilling tool 2 for gas drilling, and the injected gas is utilized to enable the vibration device to generate high-frequency vibration, so that mud clusters adhered to the drilling tool 2 and/or the shaft 1 fall off, accidents such as drilling tool jamming and the like caused by mud cake rings can be avoided, the influence of stratum effluent on gas drilling is greatly reduced, and the construction process is simple, convenient and reliable.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A drilling apparatus comprising a drilling device for location in a wellbore, the drilling device having a first passage provided therein, a first end and a second end of the drilling device being an inlet and an outlet, respectively, of the first passage;

the outer wall of the drilling tool and the inner wall of the shaft form a second channel, the upper end of the shaft is an outlet of the second channel, and the outlet of the first channel is communicated with the inlet of the second channel;

when fluid enters the first channel from the first end of the drilling tool and is discharged from the first channel to the second channel from the second end of the drilling tool, rock debris generated in the drilling process is simultaneously discharged to the second channel, and the fluid drives the rock debris to be discharged out of the shaft from the outlet of the second channel;

the drilling tool is characterized by further comprising a vibration device arranged on the drilling tool, wherein the vibration device is communicated with the first channel, and when fluid flows through the vibration device, the vibration device generates vibration so as to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool and/or the well bore to be separated.

2. The drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vibration device is a sonic vibration generator.

3. A drilling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration means is a jet acoustic generator or a parman acoustic generator.

4. A drilling device as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the injection sound generator comprises a body, a nozzle disposed inside the body and a resonant element disposed at an outlet of the nozzle, the resonant element having a resonant cavity disposed opposite the outlet of the nozzle and coaxial with the nozzle.

5. The drilling apparatus of claim 4, wherein the jet frequency of the fluid ejected from the outlet of the nozzle coincides with the eigenfrequency of the resonant cavity.

6. Drilling device according to claim 4, wherein the injection sound generator further comprises adjustment seats associated respectively with the nozzle and with the resonant element to fix the resonant element at the outlet of the nozzle.

7. A drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjustment support comprises an adjustable connection to which an end of the resonant element remote from the resonant cavity is connected, the adjustable connection allowing the distance between the resonant cavity and the outlet of the nozzle to be adjusted.

8. The drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein a threaded hole is provided in the adjustable connection portion, an end of the resonant element remote from the resonant cavity is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, and the end of the resonant element remote from the resonant cavity is adjusted in the depth of the threaded hole, so that the distance between the resonant cavity and the outlet of the nozzle is adjustable.

9. The drilling installation of claim 7, wherein the adjustment mount further comprises legs, one end of the legs being disposed outside the adjustable connection and the other end being disposed in connection with the nozzle, the number of legs being at least two, at least two of the legs being disposed around the circumference of the resonant element.

10. The drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit disposed at the end of the drill rod, the number of drill rods being at least two, and at least one of the jet acoustic generators being disposed on each drill rod.

11. The drilling assembly of claim 10, wherein the jet acoustic generator further comprises a first connector disposed at one end of the body and extending into and fixedly attached to one of the sections of drill pipe, and a second connector disposed at the other end of the body and receiving and fixedly attached to the other section of drill pipe.

12. A drilling tool for drilling a well, comprising drill rods and a drill bit arranged at the end of the drill rods, wherein the number of the drill rods is at least two, and a vibration device is arranged on at least one of the drill rods and is used for generating vibration to remove attachments adhered to the drilling tool.

13. A vibration device for well drilling is characterized in that the vibration device is arranged on a drilling tool for well drilling and is used for generating vibration to enable attachments adhered on the drilling tool to fall off.

14. A method of drilling, comprising the following operative steps:

s1: arranging a drilling tool in a shaft, wherein a first passage is arranged in the drilling tool, the first end and the second end of the drilling tool are respectively an inlet and an outlet of the first passage, the outer wall of the drilling tool and the inner wall of the shaft form a second passage, the upper end of the shaft is an outlet of the second passage, and the outlet of the first passage is communicated with the inlet of the second passage;

s2: arranging a vibration device on the drilling tool, wherein the vibration device is communicated with the first channel;

s3: allowing fluid to enter the first passage from the first end of the drilling tool and to exit the first passage to the second passage from the second end of the drilling tool, simultaneously discharging cuttings produced during drilling to the second passage as the fluid exits the first passage, and allowing the fluid to carry the cuttings out of the wellbore from the outlet of the second passage; when fluid flows through the vibration device, the vibration device vibrates to break off the attachments adhered to the drilling tool and/or the wellbore.

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