CN113463160A - Method for realizing titanium alloy wear-resistant coating - Google Patents
Method for realizing titanium alloy wear-resistant coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN113463160A CN113463160A CN202110750791.XA CN202110750791A CN113463160A CN 113463160 A CN113463160 A CN 113463160A CN 202110750791 A CN202110750791 A CN 202110750791A CN 113463160 A CN113463160 A CN 113463160A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/026—Anodisation with spark discharge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/20—Other heavy metals
- C23G1/205—Other heavy metals refractory metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/38—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of refractory metals or nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, which comprises the following steps: firstly, performing micro-arc oxidation treatment on the outer surface of the titanium alloy by using micro-arc oxidation equipment; secondly, performing sand blasting treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment by using sand blasting equipment; thirdly, degreasing the titanium alloy subjected to the second step by using a degreasing agent until the titanium alloy is completely removed; step four, washing and hydrogenating the titanium alloy obtained in the step three in sequence, and then washing and plating milk white chromium on the titanium alloy; step five, washing the titanium alloy obtained in the step four again, drying and inspecting the washed titanium alloy, and then carrying out vacuum thermal diffusion annealing; and step six, carrying out water sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating and water washing on the titanium alloy obtained in the step five in sequence, and finally carrying out drying inspection, so that the problems that when a micro-arc oxidation method is singly used, the surface of a film layer is rough, loose and porous, the friction coefficient is large, and the wear resistance is influenced can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy coating, in particular to a method for realizing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
Background
Titanium alloys are alloys based on titanium with other alloying elements added. The titanium alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, high heat resistance, good process performance and the like. At present, the titanium alloy is the titanium metal material which is most widely applied, and has wide application in the fields of aviation materials, oil exploitation, food sports, medical treatment and the like;
at present, more methods are used for improving the surface wear resistance of titanium alloy, but the corresponding defects are obvious, for example, a thermal spraying method is adopted, a protective layer is hard at low temperature and has brittleness, and if the expansion properties are not matched, the protective layer is easy to fall off; the micro-arc oxidation method has the defects that the surface of a film layer is rough, loose and porous, the friction coefficient is large, and the wear resistance is influenced, so that a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating realization method is needed to solve the defect of single surface modification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, which solves the following technical problems:
the chromium plating technology and the micro-arc oxidation technology are combined to prepare the composite coating, the advantages of the two technologies are fully exerted, and the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties of the oxidized titanium alloy are obviously improved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for realizing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
firstly, performing micro-arc oxidation treatment on the outer surface of the titanium alloy by using micro-arc oxidation equipment;
secondly, performing sand blasting treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment by using sand blasting equipment;
thirdly, degreasing the titanium alloy subjected to the second step by using a degreasing agent until the titanium alloy is completely removed;
step four, washing and hydrogenating the titanium alloy obtained in the step three in sequence, and then washing and plating milk white chromium on the titanium alloy;
step five, washing the titanium alloy obtained in the step four again, drying and inspecting the washed titanium alloy, and then carrying out vacuum thermal diffusion annealing;
and step six, carrying out sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating and water washing on the titanium alloy obtained in the step five in sequence, and finally carrying out drying inspection.
As a further scheme of the invention: the degreasing agent is a mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium silicate, and the using temperature of the degreasing agent is 80-90 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention: the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 60-80g/L, the concentration of sodium carbonate is 30-50g/L, the concentration of sodium phosphate is 30-50g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 10-30 g/L.
As a further scheme of the invention: when the milk white chromium is plated, the part is preheated for 2-5min under the condition that a chromium plating groove is not electrified, and high impact current of 100-150A/dm is firstly adopted2Plating for 1-2min, and reducing the current to 30-40A/dm2And plating for 1h to obtain a milky white chromium plating layer with the thickness of 5-15 mu m.
As a further scheme of the invention: the degree of vacuum during annealing was 6.66X 10-1-6.66×10-2Pa, annealing at the temperature of 280-300 ℃ for 1h, then annealing at the temperature of 750-770 ℃ for 1h, cooling to the temperature of 200-250 ℃ with the furnace, taking out, and finally air-cooling to room temperature.
As a further scheme of the invention: the using method of the sand blasting equipment comprises the following steps: upwards drawing out the baffle, fixing the titanium alloy between the two rotating assemblies, starting the rotating motor to drive the titanium alloy to rotate, starting the sand sucker to draw the quartz sand in the storage box, spraying the quartz sand onto the outer surface of the titanium alloy by the sand blasting assembly, starting the conveying mechanism in the sand blasting process to drive the sand blasting assembly to do linear reciprocating motion until the sand blasting is finished, and then closing the conveying mechanism and the sand sucker.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sand blasting equipment comprises a first base, a second base and a third base, wherein the second base is positioned between the first base and the third base, the first base is positioned above the third base, supporting frames are arranged at positions, close to two sides, of the bottom end of the first base, the second base and the third base are both positioned between the two supporting frames, the second base and the third base are welded and fixed with the supporting frames, a recovery box body, a supporting plate, a fixed box body, an air inlet pipe and a sand inlet pipe are arranged between the second base and the first base, the recovery box body is positioned at the lower end of the supporting plate, the fixed box body is positioned at the upper end of the supporting plate, the air inlet pipe and the sand inlet pipe are both fixedly arranged on one side of the fixed box body, the air inlet pipe is positioned above the sand inlet pipe, a recovery pipe for recovering sand blasting is connected onto the recovery box body, and one end, far away from the recovery box body, penetrates through to the upper end of the first base, a blanking groove is formed in the upper end of the first base, and the recovery pipe is communicated with the blanking groove;
the upper end of the first base is provided with a fixed assembly and two baffles which are symmetrically arranged, the two baffles are respectively connected with the two ends of the fixed assembly in a sliding manner, a conveying mechanism, a sand blasting assembly and two rotating assemblies are arranged inside the fixed assembly, the conveying mechanism and the sand blasting assembly are both positioned between the two rotating assemblies, the conveying mechanism is positioned at the lower end of the sand blasting assembly, and a sliding groove matched with the sand blasting assembly is formed in the inner surface of the fixed assembly;
the upper end of the base III is provided with a fan, a sand sucker and a storage box body, the sand sucker is located between the fan and the storage box body, the fan is located on one side of the storage box body, a hose I is connected between the fan and an air inlet pipe, one end of the sand sucker is communicated with the storage box body, and a hose II is connected between the other end of the sand sucker and a sand inlet pipe.
As a further scheme of the invention: the utility model discloses a ventilation assembly, including roof, curb plate, manifold and ventilation branch pipe, fixed subassembly contains roof, curb plate, collecting pipe and ventilation branch pipe, the position that the lower extreme of roof is close to both sides all is provided with the curb plate, the inside of curb plate is provided with the collecting pipe that a plurality of was the equidistance and arranges, is provided with the ventilation branch pipe that a plurality of was the equidistance and arranges on the collecting pipe, the one end of ventilation branch pipe extends to the outside of curb plate, collecting pipe and ventilation branch pipe are linked together, and the one end of air-supply line runs through the lower extreme of fixed box and collecting pipe and is linked together.
As a further scheme of the invention: conveying mechanism contains from driving wheel one, from driving wheel two, action wheel and driving motor, the action wheel is located from driving wheel one and from between the driving wheel two, from one side that is located from driving wheel two of driving wheel, driving motor is used for driving the action wheel, the action wheel with from driving wheel two belt drive be connected, be provided with the transmission band from driving wheel one and from driving wheel two, the sandblast subassembly is located the upper end of transmission band.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sand blasting component comprises a moving block and a plurality of sand blasting spray heads which are arranged at equal intervals and are arranged on the inner wall of the moving block, the moving block is matched with the sliding groove, and the sand inlet pipe penetrates through the moving block and is communicated with the sand blasting spray heads.
As a further scheme of the invention: the rotating assembly comprises a rotating base, a first rotating wheel, a connecting block, a joint block, a driving piece and an arc-shaped plate, wherein the first rotating wheel is installed on the rotating base, one side of the rotating base is provided with a rotating motor, the output end of the rotating motor is connected with the first rotating wheel, the top symmetry of the rotating base is provided with the joint block, a second rotating wheel is arranged between the two joint blocks, the connecting block is symmetrically arranged between the joint block and the rotating base, the connecting block is fixed by bolts with the rotating base, the driving piece which is in an annular array is arranged on the inner wall of the second rotating wheel, the driving piece is an electric telescopic rod or an air cylinder, a square plate is arranged on the output end of the driving piece, one side of the square plate is provided with the arc-shaped plate, the arc-shaped plate is screwed on the square plate, and the first rotating wheel is meshed with the second rotating wheel.
As a further scheme of the invention: and a sliding groove matched with the moving block is arranged on the inner surface of the top plate.
The micro-arc oxidation generates instantaneous high-temperature and high-pressure action on the surface of the titanium alloy by means of arc discharge through the combination of electrolyte and corresponding electrical parameters, and grows a ceramic film layer mainly containing titanium oxide.
The method breaks through the limitation of the traditional anodic oxidation on current and voltage, improves the anodic voltage from dozens of volts to hundreds of volts, breaks through the oxide film on the surface of the titanium alloy, generates micro-arc discharge and a discharge channel, instantly generates high temperature and high pressure in the discharge channel along with a complex physical and chemical process, and enables the oxide film with excellent performance to grow in situ on the surface of the titanium alloy.
The micro-arc oxidation process is divided into four stages:
at the initial stage of micro-arc oxidation, the metallic luster gradually disappears, bubbles are generated on the surface of the material, a thin and porous insulating oxide film is generated on the surface of a workpiece, and the existence of the insulating film is a necessary condition for forming micro-arc oxidation, which is a first stage-anodic oxidation stage;
as the voltage increases, the oxide film breaks down and the surface of the titanium alloy begins to develop a moving dense bright spark, which lasts for a short time, this being the second phase, the spark-over phase;
in the third stage, the micro-arc discharge stage and the fourth stage, before spark discharge, the oxide film on the surface of the titanium alloy is mainly titanium dioxide, elements in the electrolyte begin to enter the film layer and react with matrix elements to generate new compounds so as to improve the performance, in the micro-arc discharge stage, the breakdown of the oxide film always occurs at a relatively weak part of the film layer, after the breakdown, a new oxide film is formed at the part, and then the breakdown point is transferred to the next relatively weak part, so that the formed oxide film is uniform, but the surface of the film layer is rough, loose and porous, and therefore, the subsequent chromium plating treatment is needed.
As a further scheme of the invention: chrome plating process: sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hydrogenation, water washing and milk white chromium plating, water washing, drying inspection, vacuum thermal diffusion, sand blasting by water, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating, water washing, drying and inspection.
As a further scheme of the invention: the chromium plating quality is as follows:
the appearance of the plating layer is uniform, consistent, milky white, smooth, free of bulge and free of peeling;
and plating the milky white chromium to obtain a milky white chromium plating layer with the thickness of 5-15 mu m, wherein the thickness of the total plating layer after hard chromium plating is 20-50 mu m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the method of micro-arc oxidation and chromium plating composite strengthening, the problem that the wear resistance of the film is influenced because the surface of the film is rough, loose and porous and the friction coefficient is large when the micro-arc oxidation method is singly used can be solved;
remove dust with the titanium alloy earlier, carry out the sandblast again, the sand layer is difficult for peeling off, the sandblast subassembly is sharp reciprocating motion, the sand sucker is gone up in the cooperation again, the storage box body, advance sand pipe and hose two, make a round trip to the surface of titanium alloy sandblast for the sand layer of the surface of titanium alloy is more even, does benefit to the chromium plating operation, avoids appearing because of the sandblast is inhomogeneous before the chromium plating, still need carry out the problem of polishing to the sand layer.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the blasting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the fixing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the delivery mechanism, grit blasting assembly and rotation assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the delivery mechanism, grit blasting assembly and retention assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the blasting assembly of the invention;
figure 6 is a side sectional view of the rotating assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a first base; 2. a fixing assembly; 3. a second base; 4. a recovery box body; 5. a third base; 6. a support plate; 7. fixing the box body; 8. an air inlet pipe; 9. a baffle plate; 10. a fan; 11. a sand sucker; 12. a material storage box body; 13. a recovery pipe; 14. a conveying mechanism; 15. a sandblasting assembly; 16. a rotating assembly; 21. a top plate; 22. a side plate; 23. a manifold; 24. a ventilation branch pipe; 141. a driven wheel I; 142. a second driven wheel; 143. a driving wheel; 151. a moving block; 152. a sand blasting nozzle; 161. rotating the base; 162. a first rotating wheel; 163. connecting blocks; 164. a clamping block; 165. a drive member; 166. an arc-shaped plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention is a method for implementing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing micro-arc oxidation treatment on the outer surface of the titanium alloy by using micro-arc oxidation equipment;
secondly, performing sand blasting treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment by using sand blasting equipment;
thirdly, degreasing the titanium alloy subjected to the second step by using a degreasing agent until the titanium alloy is completely removed;
step four, washing and hydrogenating the titanium alloy obtained in the step three in sequence, and then washing and plating milk white chromium on the titanium alloy;
step five, washing the titanium alloy obtained in the step four again, drying and inspecting the washed titanium alloy, and then carrying out vacuum thermal diffusion annealing;
and step six, carrying out sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating and water washing on the titanium alloy obtained in the step five in sequence, and finally carrying out drying inspection.
The degreasing agent is a mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium silicate, and the using temperature of the degreasing agent is 80-90 ℃.
The concentration of sodium hydroxide is 60-80g/L, the concentration of sodium carbonate is 30-50g/L, the concentration of sodium phosphate is 30-50g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 10-30 g/L.
When the milk white chromium is plated, the part is preheated for 2-5min under the condition that a chromium plating groove is not electrified, and high impact current of 100-150A/dm is firstly adopted2Plating for 1-2min, and reducing the current to 30-40A/dm2And plating for 1h to obtain a milky white chromium plating layer with the thickness of 5-15 mu m.
The degree of vacuum during annealing was 6.66X 10-1-6.66×10-2Pa, annealing at the temperature of 280-300 ℃ for 1h, then annealing at the temperature of 750-770 ℃ for 1h, cooling to the temperature of 200-250 ℃ with the furnace, taking out, and finally air-cooling to room temperature.
The using method of the sand blasting equipment comprises the following steps: the baffle 9 is upwards drawn out, then the titanium alloy is fixed between the two rotating assemblies 16, the rotating motor is started to drive the titanium alloy to rotate, the sand sucker 11 is started to suck the quartz sand in the storage box 12, then the quartz sand is sprayed to the outer surface of the titanium alloy through the sand blasting assembly 15, the conveying mechanism 14 is started in the sand blasting process to drive the sand blasting assembly 15 to do linear reciprocating motion until the sand blasting is finished, and then the conveying mechanism 14 and the sand sucker 11 are closed.
The sand blasting equipment comprises a first base 1, a second base 3 and a third base 5, wherein the second base 3 is positioned between the first base 1 and the third base 5, the first base 1 is positioned above the third base 5, support frames are arranged at positions, close to two sides, of the bottom end of the first base 1, the second base 3 and the third base 5 are positioned between the two support frames, the second base 3 and the third base 5 are welded and fixed with the support frames, a recovery box body 4, a support plate 6, a fixed box body 7, an air inlet pipe 8 and a sand inlet pipe are arranged between the second base 3 and the first base 1, the recovery box body 4 is positioned at the lower end of the support plate 6, the fixed box body 7 is positioned at the upper end of the support plate 6, the air inlet pipe 8 and the sand inlet pipe are fixedly arranged at one side of the fixed box body 7, the air inlet pipe 8 is positioned above the sand inlet pipe, and a recovery pipe 13 for recovering sand blasting is connected onto the recovery box body 4, one end, far away from the recovery box body 4, of the recovery pipe 13 penetrates to the upper end of the first base 1, a blanking groove is formed in the upper end of the first base 1, and the recovery pipe 13 is communicated with the blanking groove;
the upper end of the first base 1 is provided with a fixed assembly 2 and two baffle plates 9 which are symmetrically arranged, the two baffle plates 9 are respectively connected with two ends of the fixed assembly 2 in a sliding manner, a conveying mechanism 14, a sand blasting assembly 15 and two rotating assemblies 16 are arranged inside the fixed assembly 2, the number of the rotating assemblies 16 is two, the conveying mechanism 14 and the sand blasting assembly 15 are both positioned between the two rotating assemblies 16, the conveying mechanism 14 is positioned at the lower end of the sand blasting assembly 15, and a sliding groove matched with the sand blasting assembly 15 is formed in the inner surface of the fixed assembly 2;
the upper end of three 5 of base is provided with fan 10, sand sucker 11 and storage box 12, sand sucker 11 is located between fan 10 and the storage box 12, fan 10 is located one side of storage box 12, be connected with hose one between fan 10 and the air-supply line 8, sand sucker 11's one end is linked together with storage box 12, be connected with hose two between sand sucker 11's the other end and the sand inlet pipe.
The conveying mechanism 14 comprises a first driven wheel 141, a second driven wheel 142, a driving wheel 143 and a driving motor, the driving wheel 143 is located between the first driven wheel 141 and the second driven wheel 142, the first driven wheel 141 is located on one side of the second driven wheel 142, the driving motor is used for driving the driving wheel 143, the driving wheel 143 is in belt transmission connection with the second driven wheel 142, transmission belts are arranged on the first driven wheel 141 and the second driven wheel 142, and the sand blasting assembly 15 is located at the upper end of the transmission belts.
The sand blasting component 15 comprises a moving block 151 and a plurality of sand blasting spray heads 152 which are arranged at equal intervals and are arranged on the inner wall of the moving block 151, the moving block 151 is matched with the sliding groove, and a sand inlet pipe penetrates through the moving block 151 and is communicated with the sand blasting spray heads 152.
The rotating assembly 16 comprises a rotating base 161, a first rotating wheel 162, a connecting block 163, a clamping block 164, a driving member 165 and an arc-shaped plate 166, wherein the first rotating wheel 162 is rotatably installed inside the rotating base 161, one side of the rotating base 161 is provided with a rotating motor, the output end of the rotating motor is connected with the first rotating wheel 162, clamping blocks 164 are symmetrically arranged above the rotating base 161, a second rotating wheel is arranged between the two clamping blocks 164, connecting blocks 163 are symmetrically arranged between the clamping blocks 164 and the rotating base 161, the connecting blocks 163 are fixed with the rotating base 161 through bolts, a plurality of driving parts 165 in an annular array are arranged on the inner wall of the second rotating wheel, the driving member 165 is an electric telescopic rod or an air cylinder, a square plate is arranged on the output end of the driving member 165, an arc-shaped plate 166 is arranged on one side of the square plate, the arc-shaped plate 166 is in threaded connection with the square plate, and the first rotating wheel 162 is in meshed connection with the second rotating wheel.
The inner surface of the top plate 21 is provided with a sliding groove matched with the moving block 151.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the micro-arc oxidation generates instantaneous high-temperature and high-pressure action on the surface of the titanium alloy by means of arc discharge through the combination of electrolyte and corresponding electrical parameters, and grows a ceramic film layer mainly containing titanium oxide.
The method breaks through the limitation of the traditional anodic oxidation on current and voltage, improves the anodic voltage from dozens of volts to hundreds of volts, breaks through the oxide film on the surface of the titanium alloy, generates micro-arc discharge and a discharge channel, instantly generates high temperature and high pressure in the discharge channel along with a complex physical and chemical process, and enables the oxide film with excellent performance to grow in situ on the surface of the titanium alloy.
The micro-arc oxidation process is divided into four stages:
at the initial stage of micro-arc oxidation, the metallic luster gradually disappears, bubbles are generated on the surface of the material, a thin and porous insulating oxide film is generated on the surface of a workpiece, and the existence of the insulating film is a necessary condition for forming micro-arc oxidation, which is a first stage-anodic oxidation stage;
as the voltage increases, the oxide film breaks down and the surface of the titanium alloy begins to develop a moving dense bright spark, which lasts for a short time, this being the second phase, the spark-over phase;
in the third stage, the micro-arc discharge stage and the fourth stage, before spark discharge, the oxide film on the surface of the titanium alloy is mainly titanium dioxide, elements in the electrolyte begin to enter the film layer and react with matrix elements to generate new compounds so as to improve the performance, in the micro-arc discharge stage, the breakdown of the oxide film always occurs at a relatively weak part of the film layer, after the breakdown, a new oxide film is formed at the part, and then the breakdown point is transferred to the next relatively weak part, so that the formed oxide film is uniform, but the surface of the film layer is rough, loose and porous, and therefore, the subsequent chromium plating treatment is needed.
Chrome plating process: sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hydrogenation, water washing and milk white chromium plating, water washing, drying inspection, vacuum thermal diffusion, sand blasting by water, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating, water washing, drying and inspection.
The chromium plating quality is as follows:
the appearance of the plating layer is uniform, consistent, milky white, smooth, free of bulge and free of peeling;
and plating the milky white chromium to obtain a milky white chromium plating layer with the thickness of 5-15 mu m, wherein the thickness of the total plating layer after hard chromium plating is 20-50 mu m.
When the titanium alloy is fixed, if the titanium alloy is a cylindrical piece and the arc-shaped plate 166 is screwed on the square plate, the driving piece 165 is started to push the square plate to move towards the direction of the titanium alloy until the arc-shaped plate 166 is attached to the outer surface of the titanium alloy, so that the titanium alloy is fixed, the attachment is tighter, and the fixing effect is better;
if the titanium alloy is a square piece, the arc-shaped plate 166 is detached from the square plate, the driving piece 165 is started to push the square plate to move towards the direction of the titanium alloy until the square plate is attached to the outer surface of the titanium alloy, and the titanium alloy is fixed;
after the titanium alloy dust removing device is fixed, the arranged fan 10 and the ventilation branch pipe 24 are matched for use, dust on the outer surface of the titanium alloy is blown off, the sand blasting effect is prevented from being influenced, meanwhile, the rotating motor is started to drive the first rotating wheel 162 to rotate, and the first rotating wheel 162 is meshed with the second rotating wheel to further drive the second rotating wheel to rotate, so that the titanium alloy rotates together, and the dust removing effect is better;
after dust removal, the titanium alloy continues to rotate, the driving motor is started, the driving wheel 143 is driven to rotate, the driven wheel II 142 is driven to rotate, the transmission belt is driven to rotate, the sand blasting assembly 15 is conveyed, the sand blasting assembly 15 always moves linearly back and forth above the driven wheel II 142, the sand sucking machine 11, the storage box body 12, the sand inlet pipe and the hose II are matched, sand blasting is carried out on the outer surface of the titanium alloy back and forth, the sand layer on the outer surface of the titanium alloy is more uniform, chromium plating operation is facilitated, the problem that the sand layer needs to be polished due to uneven sand blasting before chromium plating is solved, the conveying mechanism 14 and the sand sucking machine 11 are closed until sand blasting is finished, the titanium alloy is taken down, and redundant sand blasting enters the recovery pipe 13 through the blanking groove and is collected;
the detection is carried out by using an MMW-1A vertical universal friction and wear testing machine:
| material | Original weight of sample | Weight of sample after grinding | Amount of wear |
| Micro-arc oxidation | 99.7397g | 99.6994g | 0.0402g |
| Micro-arc oxidation and chromium plating | 99.1398g | 99.1045g | 0.0353g |
Need polish titanium alloy with abrasive paper before the experiment to wipe with the acetone cotton ball, then call its weight, experimental selection selects high accuracy electronic analytical balance to measure, and experimental back is wiped with the acetone cotton ball equally, ensures the accuracy of friction data, and two samples all carry out the friction experiment under 50N's experimental power with 100 r/min's rotational speed, and the experiment takes 120 minutes at every turn, and the result shows: compared with the method for independently carrying out micro-arc oxidation, the method for micro-arc oxidation and chromium plating has better wear resistance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation and a specific orientation configuration and operation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or they may be connected through two or more elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for realizing a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing micro-arc oxidation treatment on the outer surface of the titanium alloy by using micro-arc oxidation equipment;
secondly, performing sand blasting treatment on the titanium alloy subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment by using sand blasting equipment;
thirdly, degreasing the titanium alloy subjected to the second step by using a degreasing agent until the titanium alloy is completely removed;
step four, washing and hydrogenating the titanium alloy obtained in the step three in sequence, and then washing and plating milk white chromium on the titanium alloy;
step five, washing the titanium alloy obtained in the step four again, drying and inspecting the washed titanium alloy, and then carrying out vacuum thermal diffusion annealing;
and step six, carrying out sand blasting, oil removal, water washing, hard chromium plating and water washing on the titanium alloy obtained in the step five in sequence, and finally carrying out drying inspection.
2. The method for realizing the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, wherein the degreasing agent is a mixture of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium silicate, and the service temperature of the degreasing agent is 80-90 ℃.
3. The method for realizing the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 60-80g/L, the concentration of sodium carbonate is 30-50g/L, the concentration of sodium phosphate is 30-50g/L, and the concentration of sodium silicate is 10-30 g/L.
4. The method for realizing the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the component is preheated for 2-5min without powering the chrome plating bath during the plating of the milk white chrome, and the high impact current of 100-2Plating for 1-2min, and reducing the current to 30-40A/dm2And plating for 1h to obtain a milky white chromium plating layer with the thickness of 5-15 mu m.
5. The method for realizing the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degree of vacuum in the annealing process is 6.66 x 10-1-6.66×10-2Pa, annealing at the temperature of 280-300 ℃ for 1h, then annealing at the temperature of 750-770 ℃ for 1h, cooling to the temperature of 200-250 ℃ with the furnace, taking out, and finally air-cooling to room temperature.
6. The method for realizing the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for using the sand blasting equipment comprises the following steps: upwards take out baffle (9), then fix the titanium alloy between two rotating assembly (16), start the rotating electrical machines and drive the titanium alloy and rotate, start sand blasting machine (11) and extract the quartz sand in storage box (12), spout to the surface of titanium alloy by sandblast subassembly (15) again, start conveying mechanism (14) in the sandblast process, drive sandblast subassembly (15) and do straight reciprocating motion, until the sandblast is finished, close conveying mechanism (14) and sand blasting machine (11) again.
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