CN113462956B - Large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113462956B CN113462956B CN202110569812.8A CN202110569812A CN113462956B CN 113462956 B CN113462956 B CN 113462956B CN 202110569812 A CN202110569812 A CN 202110569812A CN 113462956 B CN113462956 B CN 113462956B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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Abstract
The high-hardenability refers to that the depth of a hardening layer is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, the high-strength refers to that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, and the high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel can be prepared by optimizing alloy components and content thereof so as to perform tissue regulation by using a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing, so that the problem that the hardenability, the strength and the cost of the large-section medium manganese forged steel cannot be compatible is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced high-strength steel, and particularly relates to high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel and a preparation method thereof, in particular to large-section high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-hardenability means that the depth of a hardening layer is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the high-strength means that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa.
Background
With the increasingly strengthened environmental protection and the increasing energy demand, light weight has become a development trend of various industries, especially in the fields of ocean engineering, mining machinery and the like. Generally, the steel strength is improved by adding alloy elements to reduce the weight, however, in the steel for construction machinery, the possibility of local large deformation and instability due to the nonuniform structure is also considered for the machine parts with large cross sections. Therefore, the development of large-section forged steel with high hardenability, high strength and low cost is of great significance for the development of steel for engineering machinery with light weight.
The medium manganese steel is widely applied to the field of automobile industry due to excellent comprehensive mechanical property and low production cost. And the medium manganese steel has high hardenability, so that the steel can meet the requirements of the steel for engineering machinery on strength, hardenability and cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high hardenability means that the depth of a hardening layer is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the high-strength means that the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, and the high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel can be prepared by optimizing alloy components and content so as to perform tissue regulation by using a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing, so that the problem that the hardenability, the strength and the cost of the large-section medium manganese forged steel cannot be obtained simultaneously is solved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical elements in percentage by weight: 0.10 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.10 to 0.20 percent of Si, 5.0 to 9.9 percent of Mn, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise P less than or equal to 0.010 percent and S less than or equal to 0.001 percent.
The steel grade of the high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel is 10Mn5 or 16Mn6 or 20Mn7 or 20Mn 9.
The 10Mn5 is characterized in that C is 0.10-0.12, and Mn is 5.0-5.5.
The 16Mn6 is characterized in that C is 0.14-0.17, and Mn is 6.0-6.7.
The 20Mn7 is characterized in that C is 0.18-0.20, and Mn is 7.0-7.9.
The 20Mn9 is characterized in that C is 0.18-0.20, and Mn is 9.0-9.9.
The high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel has the hardening layer depth of more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness of more than or equal to 45HRC and the tensile strength of more than or equal to 1000MPa after the structure regulation and control are carried out through the heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing.
The preparation method of the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step 1, preparing raw materials according to chemical components of medium manganese forged steel; step 2, inputting the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace to smelt an electrode ingot; step 3, inputting the electrode ingot into an electroslag remelting furnace to smelt an electroslag ingot; step 4, forging the electroslag ingot into a large-section disc; and 5, performing a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing on the large-section disc piece, so that the depth of a hardening layer of the large-section disc piece is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa.
And (3) cutting off a dead head and grinding to remove oxide skin of the electrode ingot in the step (2) and the electroslag ingot in the step (3).
The forging in the step 4 adopts the following mode: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the electroslag ingot at 1220-1240 ℃ for 8h, then forging, wherein the final forging temperature is not lower than 900 ℃, then burying sand for cooling, and finally forging into a large-section disc piece, wherein the diameter of the large-section disc piece is 800-1000 mm.
The heat treatment process in the step 5 comprises the steps of slowly heating the large-section disc piece to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature in air; and annealing the quenched large-section disc piece at 450-650 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-10 h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention relates to large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and a preparation method thereof, which precisely regulate and control the contents of martensite, Austenite and ferrite through optimized alloy components and a quenching and ART annealing heat treatment process design (ART). The ART annealing is utilized to control the distribution of C, Mn element content in each phase, the stability of reverse transformation austenite is improved, the phase transformation induced plasticity effect in the deformation process is enhanced, the strength and plasticity are improved at the same time, and the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel can be provided.
Compared with the prior art, the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the optimization design of the C, Mn element content, the hardenability of the large-section high-strength medium manganese forged steel does not fall. And a large-section (the diameter of a disc part is 800-1000 mm) high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is prepared by using a heat treatment process of quenching and ART annealing, so that the problem that the steel for engineering machinery cannot be compatible in three aspects of hardenability, strength and cost is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hardenability curve of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel No. 16Mn6) embodying the present invention. FIG. 1 is a graph whose ordinate represents hardness HRC (Rockwell hardness), 10-20-30-40-50-60; the abscissa is 10-20-30-40-50 mm of end quenching distance. The hardenability curve in FIG. 1 shows that 16Mn6 has a depth of hardened layer of 50mm and a maximum hardness of 49 HRC.
FIG. 2 is a graph of engineering stress-strain curves of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel grade 16Mn6) embodying the present invention. In FIG. 2, the ordinate is the engineering stress MPa, 500-; the abscissa is the engineering strain% of 5-10-15-20-25. The engineering stress strain curve in FIG. 2 shows that 16Mn6 has a tensile strength of 1125 MPa.
FIG. 3 is a hardenability curve of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel No. 20Mn7) embodying the present invention. FIG. 3 is a graph whose ordinate represents hardness HRC (Rockwell hardness), 10-20-30-40-50-60; the abscissa is 10-20-30-40-50 mm of end quenching distance. The hardenability curve in FIG. 3 shows that 20Mn7 has a depth of hardened layer of 50mm and a maximum hardness of 51 HRC.
FIG. 4 is a graph of engineering stress-strain curves for a large section high hardenability high strength medium manganese forged steel (steel grade 20Mn7) embodying the present invention. In FIG. 4, the ordinate is the engineering stress MPa, 500-; the abscissa is the engineering strain% of 5-10-15-20-25. The engineering stress strain curve in FIG. 4 shows that 20Mn7 has a tensile strength of 1450 MPa.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the following examples and figures (fig. 1-4).
FIG. 1 is a hardenability curve of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel No. 16Mn6) embodying the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph of engineering stress-strain curves of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel grade 16Mn6) embodying the present invention. FIG. 3 is a hardenability curve of a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel (steel No. 20Mn7) embodying the present invention. FIG. 4 is a graph of engineering stress-strain curves for a large section high hardenability high strength medium manganese forged steel (steel grade 20Mn7) embodying the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel includes the following chemical elements and wt% contents thereof: 0.10 to 0.25% of C, 0.10 to 0.20% of Si, 5.0 to 9.9% of Mn, 0.02 to 0.05% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise P less than or equal to 0.010 and S less than or equal to 0.001. The steel grade of the high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel is 10Mn5 or 16Mn6 or 20Mn7 or 20Mn 9. The 10Mn5 is characterized in that C is 0.10-0.12, and Mn is 5.0-5.5. The 16Mn6 is characterized in that C is 0.14-0.17, and Mn is 6.0-6.7. C in the 20Mn7 is 0.18-0.20, and Mn is 7.0-7.9; the 20Mn9 is characterized in that C is 0.18-0.20, and Mn is 9.0-9.9. The high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel has the hardening layer depth of more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness of more than or equal to 45HRC and the tensile strength of more than or equal to 1000MPa after the structure regulation and control are carried out through the heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing.
The preparation method of the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing raw materials according to chemical components of medium manganese forged steel; step 2, inputting the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace to smelt an electrode ingot; step 3, inputting the electrode ingot into an electroslag remelting furnace to smelt an electroslag ingot; step 4, forging the electroslag ingot into a large-section disc; and 5, performing a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing on the large-section disc piece, so that the depth of a hardening layer of the large-section disc piece is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa. And (3) cutting off a dead head and grinding to remove oxide skin of the electrode ingot in the step (2) and the electroslag ingot in the step (3). The forging in the step 4 adopts the following mode: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the electroslag ingot at 1220-1240 ℃ for 8h, then forging, wherein the final forging temperature is not lower than 900 ℃, then burying sand for cooling, and finally forging into a large-section disc piece, wherein the diameter of the large-section disc piece is 800-1000 mm. The heat treatment process in the step 5 comprises the steps of slowly heating the large-section disc piece to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature in air; and annealing the quenched large-section disc piece at 450-650 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-10 h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
The invention provides large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein through reasonable alloy composition design, a quenching and Austenite Reverse Transformation (ART) annealing process is utilized for tissue regulation, so that a large-section medium manganese forged steel disc with the depth of a hardening layer being more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness being more than or equal to 45HRC and the tensile strength being more than or equal to 1000MPa is obtained, and the large-section medium manganese forged steel is suitable for steel for engineering machinery.
A large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.10 to 0.25%, Si: 0.10 to 0.20%, Mn: 5.0-9.9%, Al: 0.02-0.05%, P: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.001 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The medium manganese forged steel has the following alloy components:
c: is a necessary element for improving the strength and one of elements for improving the stability of austenite, and the content of C is controlled to be 0.10 to 0.25 percent from the aspects of economy and product performance
Si: the Si is added as a deoxidizer in the steelmaking process, and the strength of the Si dissolved in the matrix is improved, so that the Si content in the invention is controlled to be 0.10-0.20%.
Mn: the Mn content is increased, the transformation of ferrite and pearlite and the transformation of bainite are delayed, the temperature point and the critical cooling speed of martensite transformation are reduced, and the hardenability of the steel is improved. Therefore, the Mn content is controlled to be 5.0-9.9 percent.
Al: the Al-containing alloy is added into steel as a deoxidizing element, the heat deformation capability of the steel can be improved, austenite grains are refined through dynamic recrystallization, and the Al content is controlled to be 0.02-0.05%.
P: micro-segregation is formed when molten steel is solidified, and then the micro-segregation is localized at grain boundaries when the molten steel is heated at an austenitizing temperature, so that the brittleness of the steel is remarkably increased. The content of P in the invention is controlled below 0.010%.
S: the steel inevitably exists, sulfide inclusion is formed and becomes a crack source, so the S content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.001 percent.
A preparation method of large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel comprises smelting, forging, quenching and ART annealing, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) smelting: smelting the steel ingot by a vacuum induction furnace and an electroslag remelting furnace according to the component range of the invention to prepare a steel ingot, cutting off a dead head and grinding to remove oxide skin;
(2) forging: the steel ingot is forged after being subjected to heat preservation for 8 hours at 1230 ℃, the finish forging temperature is not lower than 900 ℃, then sand burying cooling is carried out, and finally a large-section disc piece is forged, wherein the diameter of the large-section disc piece is 800-1000 mm;
(3) quenching + ART annealing: slowly heating the large-section disc to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then air-cooling to room temperature; and annealing the quenched large-section disc piece at 450-650 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-10 h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
The depth of a hardening layer of the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa.
Example 1: the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.16%, Si: 0.15%, Mn: 6.5%, Al: 0.02%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.0007% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. A vacuum induction furnace and an electroslag remelting furnace are adopted to smelt and cast according to the component proportion of the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel to obtain steel ingots. The steel ingot is forged into a large-section disc piece after being kept at 1230 ℃ for 8h, and the size of the large-section disc piece is
And the final forging temperature is 900 ℃, and then the steel plate is embedded with sand and cooled to room temperature. The end-quenched sample is sampled and processed for the large-section disc according to the national standard GB/T225-. And (3) keeping the temperature of the large-section disc at 850 ℃ for 1h, then cooling the large-section disc to room temperature in air, heating the large-section disc again to 450 ℃ for 4h, and then cooling the large-section disc to room temperature in air. The heat-treated large-section disc is sampled and processed into a tensile sample according to the GB/T228-2010 standard, the engineering stress-strain curve is shown in figure 2, and the tensile strength is 1125 MPa.
Example 2: big cross-section is highThe hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.19%, Si: 0.15%, Mn: 7.6%, Al: 0.02%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.0007% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. A vacuum induction furnace and an electroslag remelting furnace are adopted to smelt and cast according to the component proportion of the large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel to obtain steel ingots. The steel ingot is forged into a large-section disc piece after being kept at 1230 ℃ for 8h, and the size of the large-section disc piece is
And the final forging temperature is 900 ℃, and then the steel plate is embedded with sand and cooled to room temperature. The end-quenched sample is sampled and processed for the large-section disc according to the national standard GB/T225-. And (3) keeping the temperature of the large-section disc at 850 ℃ for 1h, then cooling the large-section disc to room temperature in air, heating the large-section disc again to 400 ℃ for 4h, and then cooling the large-section disc to room temperature in air. The heat-treated large-section disc is sampled and processed into a tensile sample according to the GB/T228-2010 standard, the stress-strain curve is shown in figure 4, and the tensile strength is 1450 MPa.
The embodiment result shows that the method for preparing the large-section medium manganese forged steel has the advantages of high hardenability, high strength and low cost simultaneously by combining the heat treatment process of quenching and ART annealing with low cost and high hardenability.
Those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of the art. It is pointed out here that the above description is helpful for the person skilled in the art to understand the invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of the invention. Any such equivalents, modifications and/or omissions as may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention may be resorted to.
Claims (8)
1. The large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is characterized by comprising the following chemical elements in percentage by weight: c = 0.10-0.25, Si = 0.10-0.20, Mn = 5.0-9.9, Al = 0.02-0.05, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the inevitable impurities comprise P less than or equal to 0.010 and S less than or equal to 0.001;
the high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel has the advantages that the depth of a hardening layer after the structure regulation and control of the high-hardenability and high-strength medium manganese forged steel through a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa;
the diameter of the large-section disc is 800-1000 mm;
the heat treatment process comprises the steps of slowly heating the large-section disc piece to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature by air; and annealing the quenched large-section disc piece at 450-650 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-10 h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
2. The large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to claim 1, wherein the steel grade of the high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel is 10Mn5 or 16Mn6 or 20Mn7 or 20Mn 9.
3. The large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to claim 2, wherein 10Mn5 contains C = 0.10-0.12 and Mn = 5.0-5.5.
4. The large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to claim 2, wherein 16Mn6 contains C = 0.14-0.17 and Mn = 6.0-6.7.
5. The large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium-manganese forged steel according to claim 2, wherein said 20Mn7 contains C = 0.18-0.20, Mn = 7.0-7.9; the 20Mn9 contains C = 0.18-0.20 and Mn = 9.0-9.9.
6. A method for producing a large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: step 1, preparing raw materials according to chemical components of medium manganese forged steel; step 2, inputting the raw materials into a vacuum induction furnace to smelt an electrode ingot; step 3, inputting the electrode ingot into an electroslag remelting furnace to smelt an electroslag ingot; step 4, forging the electroslag ingot into a large-section disc; step 5, performing a heat treatment process of quenching and austenite reverse phase transition annealing on the large-section disc piece, so that the depth of a hardening layer of the large-section disc piece is more than or equal to 200mm, the hardness is more than or equal to 45HRC, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000 MPa;
the heat treatment process comprises the steps of slowly heating the large-section disc piece to 850-880 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then cooling the disc piece to room temperature by air; and annealing the quenched large-section disc piece at 450-650 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-10 h, and air-cooling to room temperature.
7. The method for preparing large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to claim 6, wherein the electrode ingot in the step 2 and the electroslag ingot in the step 3 both comprise dead head cutting and scale removal grinding.
8. The method for preparing large-section high-hardenability high-strength medium manganese forged steel according to claim 6, wherein the forging in step 4 is performed by: and (3) carrying out heat preservation on the electroslag ingot at 1220-1240 ℃ for 8h, then forging, wherein the final forging temperature is not lower than 900 ℃, then burying sand for cooling, and finally forging into a large-section disc piece, wherein the diameter of the large-section disc piece is 800-1000 mm.
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| WO2017092104A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | 重庆哈工易成形钢铁科技有限公司 | Steel material for stamping forming, formed member and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN107858586A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-03-30 | 东北大学 | A kind of preparation method of high strength and ductility without yield point elongation cold rolling medium managese steel plate |
| CN107974636A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-01 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of high rigidity high-hardenability pre-hardening plastic die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117755A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-13 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of 980MPa grades of low yield strength ratio cold rolling medium managese steel |
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