Detailed Description
A method for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of an ionic liquid for nitrile rubber is characterized by adding the ionic liquid and a noble metal catalyst into a nitrile rubber solution with the concentration of 5-25 wt%, reacting for 1-96 hours under the conditions of hydrogen atmosphere, pressure of 0.5-10 MPa and temperature of 30-190 ℃, adding a non-polar solvent after the reaction is finished, stirring, standing for phase separation, and separating to obtain the noble metal catalyst and a reaction product hydrogenated nitrile rubber respectively.
Wherein: the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the ionic liquid in the nitrile rubber solution is 1: 0.1 to 4; the mass ratio of the nonpolar solvent to the organic solvent is 0.1: 1-10: 1; the amount of the noble metal catalyst is 1X 10 times of the mass of the nitrile rubber in the nitrile rubber solution-5 ~ 1×10-2And (4) doubling.
The nitrile rubber solution with the concentration of 5-25 wt% is a solution formed by dissolving nitrile rubber in an organic solvent and uniformly dissolving the nitrile rubber by ultrasonic. Nitrile rubber means nitrile rubber or valeronitrile rubber. The organic solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene and butanone.
The ionic liquid is one or a mixture of imidazole, pyridine, quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium, pyrrolidine and piperidine ionic liquids.
The cation of the ionic liquid refers to alkyl imidazole cation (1-methylimidazole cation ([ MIm)]+) 1-ethylimidazole cation ([ EIm)]+) 1-butylimidazolium cation ([ BIm)]+) 1-hexylimidazolium cation ([ HIm ]]+) 1-octyl imidazole cation ([ OIm)]+) 1-decylimidazole cation ([ DIm)]+) Alkyl pyridinium cation (N-ethyl pyridinium cation ([ Epy))]+) N-butylpyridinium ([ Bpy)]+) N-hexylpyridinium cation ([ Hpy)]+) N-octyl pyridinium cation ([ Opy)]+) Pyrrolidine cation (N-butyl-N-methylpyrrole cation (PP 1, 4)), piperidine cation (N-butyl-N-methylpiperidine cation (P1, 4)), quaternary ammonium salt cation (R)1R2R3R4N+) And quaternary phosphonium salt cation (R)1R2R3R4P+) And one of the derivatives of the above cations; r, R therein1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6All of them are C1-C16 alkyl groups.
The anion of the ionic liquid is Cl-、HSO4 -、H2PO4 -、BF4 -、CF3Ac-(trifluoroacetate ion), OTf-(trifluoromethanesulfonate ion), TS-(p-toluenesulfonate ion).
The noble metal component in the noble metal catalyst refers to one or more of rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, iridium and platinum, and includes but is not limited to RhCl (PPh)3)3、RhH(PPh3)4、RuH(CH3CO2)(PPh3)3、RuH2 (PPh3)4And RuCl2 (PPh3)3Palladium acetate, palladium stearate, palladium tartrate, palladium propionate, platinum acetylacetonate, platinum triphenylphosphine chloride, and the like, including but not limited to iridium carbonylbis (triphenylphosphine) chloride, iridium acetylacetonate, and the like.
The nonpolar solvent is one or more of cyclopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane and n-heptane.
Example 1 a method of using ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ MIm ]]BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 20g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 5wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 10g of [ MIm ]]BF4Ionic liquid, adding 1 × 10-5 g RhCl(PPh3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 140 ℃ and reacted for 24 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 2 g of cyclopentane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method.
Of these, the nitrile rubber conversion was 80.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 80%) and the products were all in the toluene-cyclopentane phase, 85.0% RhCl (PPh)3)315.0% RhCl (PPh) in the ionic liquid phase3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 2 a method of using ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium ionic liquid 1-ethylimidazolium chloride ([ EIm ] Cl)/chlorobenzene mixed solvent system):
1g of nitrile rubber was dissolved in 20g of chlorobenzeneUltrasonic dissolving to form 5wt% nitrile rubber-chlorobenzene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 10g [ EIm ]]Cl Ionic liquid, 1mg RhH (PPh) was added3)4And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 0.5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 190 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 2 g of normal hexane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Wherein the nitrile rubber conversion was 95%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 95%), the product was in the toluene-n-hexane phase, 85% RhCl (PPh)3)315% RhH (PPh) in the Ionic liquid phase3)4And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 3A method of using ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium ionic liquid 1-butylimidazolium bisulfate ([ BIm)]HSO4) -1-hexylimidazolium fluoroborate ([ HIm ]]BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
10g of nitrile rubber is dissolved in 40 g of toluene and dissolved by ultrasound to form a 25 wt.% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, which is introduced into a 100ml autoclave and 5 g [ BIm ]]HSO4And 5 g of [ HIm]BF4Ionic liquid, 5 mg RhH (PPh) was added3)4And 5 mg of palladium acetate, stirred mechanically well. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 3 MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 170 ℃ and reacted for 72 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 10g of normal hexane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Wherein the conversion of nitrile rubber is 80.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 80%), the product is in the toluene-n-hexane phase, 95% RhCl (PPh)3)3In an ionic liquidBulk phase, 5% RhH (PPh)3)4And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 4 method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium cation 1-octylimidazole hydrogensulfate ([ OIm)]HSO4) -1-decyl imidazole trifluoroacetate ([ DIm)]CF3Ac)/xylene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 4 g of nitrile rubber in 20g of xylene, ultrasonically dissolving to form 20 wt% nitrile rubber-xylene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 5 g of [ OIm ]]HSO4And 5 g [ DIm]CF3Ac ion liquid, adding 10 mg RuH (CH)3CO2)(PPh3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 6 MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 190 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 200 g of cyclohexane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Wherein the nitrile rubber conversion is 80.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 80%), the products are in the xylene-cyclohexane phase, 99% RuH (CH)3CO2)(PPh3)31% of RuH (CH) in the Ionic liquid phase3CO2)(PPh3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 5A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylpyridine ionic liquid N-ethylpyridine hydrogen sulfate ([ Epy ]]HSO4) -N-butylpyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([ Bpy)]Otf)/butanone mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of valeronitrile rubber in 20g of butanone, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 5wt% solution of valeronitrile rubber and butanone, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 10g of Epy]HSO4And 10g [ Bpy]Otf Ionic liquid, 10 mg of RuH (CH) was added3CO2)(PPh3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 10MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 30 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Wherein the nitrile rubber conversion was 20.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 20%), the product was in the butanone-n-heptane phase, 95% RuH (CH)3CO2)(PPh3)35% RuH (CH) in the Ionic liquid phase3CO2)(PPh3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 6A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylpyridine ionic liquid N-hexylpyridine p-methylbenzenesulfonate ([ Hpy)]TS) -N-octyl pyridine hydrogen sulfate ([ Opy)]HSO4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g of [ Hpy ]]TS and 20g [ Opy]HSO4Ionic liquid, adding 10 mg RuH2 (PPh3)4And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 10MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 100 ℃ and reacted for 48 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Wherein the nitrile rubber conversion is 80.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 80%), the products are in the toluene-n-heptane phase, 98% RuH2 (PPh3)42% of RuH (CH) in the Ionic liquid phase3CO2)(PPh3)3In organic phase, successfully implementedThe catalyst is now separated from the product.
Example 7 a method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (pyrrolidine cation N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidine bromide ( PP 1,4 Br)/toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 1g of PP1,4Br ionic liquid, and adding 10 mg of RuCl2(PPh3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. 2MPa of nitrogen is filled into the high-pressure kettle, air in the reaction kettle is replaced, the operation is repeated for 3 times, then, 3 MPa of hydrogen is filled into the reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is 150 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 96 hours under continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the nitrile rubber conversion is 60.0%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 60%), the products are in the toluene-n-heptane phase, 80% RuH2 (PPh3)420% of RuH (CH) in the ionic liquid phase3CO2)(PPh3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 8 method of Using Ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (piperidine Ionic liquid N-butyl-N-methylpiperidine tetrafluoroborate (P1, 4 BF)4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 10g P1,4BF410 mg of palladium acetate is added into the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid is mechanically stirred uniformly. 2MPa of nitrogen is filled into the high-pressure kettle, air in the reaction kettle is replaced, the operation is repeated for 3 times, then 5MPa of hydrogen is filled into the reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is 150 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 1 hour under continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing stillAnd (4) phase separation and an internal standard method are adopted to determine the absolute amount of hydrogenation products in the organic phase. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 20.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =20 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 98 percent of palladium acetate is in an ionic liquid phase, 2 percent of palladium acetate is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 9A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (Quaternary phosphonium salt Ionic liquid Tetrabutylphosphine tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of palladium stearate is added into the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 60.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =60 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 98 percent of palladium stearate is positioned in an ionic liquid phase, 2 percent of palladium stearate is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 10A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid tetrabutyl phosphine tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of palladium tartrate is added into the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid is mechanically stirred uniformly. 2MPa of nitrogen is filled into the autoclave to replace the air in the autoclave, and the process is repeatedThe operation is carried out for 3 times, then hydrogen is filled into the reaction kettle for 5MPa, the reaction temperature is 150 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 96 hours under continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 60.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =60 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 98 percent of palladium tartrate is in an ionic liquid phase, 2 percent of palladium tartrate is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 11A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (Quaternary phosphonium salt Ionic liquid Tetrabutylphosphine tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of palladium propionate is added into the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 60.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =60 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 95 percent of palladium propionate is in an ionic liquid phase, 5 percent of palladium propionate is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 12A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (Quaternary phosphonium salt Ionic liquid Tetrabutylphosphine tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, carrying out ultrasonic dissolution to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution,the solution was charged to a 100ml autoclave and 20g P added4,4,4,4BF410 mg of platinum acetylacetonate is added into the ionic liquid, and the mixture is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 40.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =40 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 90 percent of platinum acetylacetonate is located in an ionic liquid phase, and 10 percent of platinum acetylacetonate is located in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 13A method of using an ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (Quaternary phosphonium salt Ionic liquid Tetrabutylphosphine Tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of triphenylphosphine platinum chloride is added into the ionic liquid, and the mixture is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 40.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =40 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 90 percent of triphenylphosphine platinum chloride is in an ionic liquid phase, 10 percent of triphenylphosphine platinum chloride is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
EXAMPLE 14 use of an Ionic liquid for addition of nitrile rubberMethod for separating hydrogen and catalyst (quaternary phosphonium salt ionic liquid tetrabutyl phosphine tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 20g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of iridium carbonylbis (triphenylphosphine) chloride is added into the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 55.0%, the hydrogenation degree (HD = 55%), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 90% of the iridium carbonyl bis (triphenylphosphine) chloride is in an ionic liquid phase, and 10% of the iridium carbonyl bis (triphenylphosphine) chloride is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 15 method of Using Ionic liquid for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (Quaternary phosphonium salt cation tetrabutylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (P)4,4,4,4BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, adding 40 g P4,4,4,4BF410 mg of iridium acetylacetonate is added into the ionic liquid, and the mixture is mechanically stirred uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 150 ℃ and reacted for 96 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 20g of n-heptane into the system, stirring, statically carrying out phase separation, and determining the absolute value of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard methodAmount of the compound (A). Wherein the conversion rate of the nitrile rubber is 50.0 percent, the hydrogenation degree (HD =50 percent), the products are all in a toluene-n-heptane phase, 90 percent of acetylacetone iridium is in an ionic liquid phase, 10 percent of acetylacetone iridium is in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the products is successfully realized.
Example 16 method of Using Ionic liquids for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium Ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ MIm ]]BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 10g of [ MIm ]]BF4Ionic liquid, 2 mg RhCl (PPh) was added3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 160 ℃ and reacted for 24 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 2 g of cyclopentane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Of these, the nitrile rubber conversion was 90%, the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 90%) and the products were all in the toluene-cyclopentane phase, 85.0% RhCl (PPh)3)315.0% RhCl (PPh) in the ionic liquid phase3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Example 17 method of Using Ionic liquids for hydrogenation and catalyst separation of nitrile rubber (alkylimidazolium Ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ MIm ]]BF4) Toluene mixed solvent system):
dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 20g of chlorobenzene, carrying out ultrasonic dissolution to form a nitrile rubber-toluene solution with the concentration of 5wt%, adding the solution into a 100ml high-pressure reaction kettle, and adding 10g of [ MIm ]]BF4Ionic liquid, 2 mg RhCl (PPh) was added3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. Filling 2MPa nitrogen into the autoclave, replacing the air in the autoclave, repeating the operation for 3 timesAnd then filling hydrogen into the reaction kettle at 5MPa, wherein the reaction temperature is 190 ℃, and reacting for 24 hours under continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, adding 2 g of cyclopentane into the system, stirring, standing for phase separation,1the absolute amount of hydrogenation product in the organic phase was determined by H NMR nuclear magnetic internal standard method. Of these, the nitrile rubber conversion was 99.0%, fully hydrogenated (HD = 99%) and the products were all in the toluene-cyclopentane phase, 85.0% RhCl (PPh)3)315.0% RhCl (PPh) in the ionic liquid phase3)3And is positioned in an organic phase, and the separation of the catalyst and the product is successfully realized.
Of the resulting product1H NMR spectrum (see FIG. 2) of nitrile rubber as raw material1By comparison of the H NMR spectra (see FIG. 1), it can be seen that: after hydrotreating, H assigned to the 1,2-C = C double bond at a chemical shift of 4.9-5.1 ppm and H assigned to the 1,4-C = C double bond at a chemical shift of 5.3-5.6 ppm disappeared, indicating that the hydrogenation of the unsaturated C = C double bond was completed.
Comparative examples 1-2 illustrate that hydrogenation of nitrile rubber occurs and separation of noble metal catalyst from product is achieved in the prior art.
Comparative example 1
Dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 10g of toluene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 10 wt% nitrile rubber-toluene solution, adding the solution to a 100ml autoclave, and adding 2 mg of RhCl (PPh)3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. The autoclave was charged with 2MPa of nitrogen gas to displace the air in the autoclave, and the operation was repeated 3 times, and then the autoclave was charged with 5MPa of hydrogen gas at a reaction temperature of 160 ℃ and reacted for 24 hours with continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. The nitrile rubber conversion was 50.0%, and the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 50%).
Comparative example 2
Dissolving 1g of nitrile rubber in 20g of chlorobenzene, ultrasonically dissolving to form a 5wt% nitrile rubber-chlorobenzene solution, adding the solution to a 100ml autoclave, adding 2 mg of RhCl (PPh)3)3And mechanically stirring uniformly. Filling 2MPa nitrogen into the autoclave to replace the air in the autoclave, repeating the operation for 3 times, then filling 5MPa hydrogen into the autoclave, reacting at 190 ℃ and reacting for 24 hours under continuous stirring. After the reaction is finished, cooling the reaction kettle to room temperature, reducing the pressure to normal pressure, taking out the reaction mixture, and determining the absolute amount of the hydrogenation product in the organic phase by an internal standard method. The nitrile rubber conversion was 60.0%, and the degree of hydrogenation (HD = 60%).
Table 1: evaluation results and separation of catalysts used in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As can be seen from Table 1, in the comparative example, no ionic liquid was added, and the conversion of the final reaction was lower than in the examples to which an ionic liquid was added (example 16 vs. comparative example 1; example 17 vs. comparative example 2). The reason is that the polymerization product of the comparative example forms a micelle in the reaction process, the catalyst is wrapped by the polymerization product and loses the catalytic activity, and the catalyst can shuttle in a mixed solvent due to the addition of the ionic liquid in the example, so that the catalyst is prevented from being wrapped by the polymer in the same phase for a long time. In addition, in the comparative example, the product and the catalyst after reaction are both dissolved in an organic solvent, and need to be separated by high-temperature flash evaporation, so that the separation cost is remarkably increased, in the example, after the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the catalyst can enter an ionic liquid phase from the organic phase by adding a nonpolar solvent, so that the product and the catalyst can be further settled, the ionic liquid in which the catalyst is dissolved can be directly used for the next cycle, and the separation cost of the catalyst is saved.