CN113461126A - Coagulant and application thereof in water-based paint wastewater - Google Patents
Coagulant and application thereof in water-based paint wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN113461126A CN113461126A CN202110773390.6A CN202110773390A CN113461126A CN 113461126 A CN113461126 A CN 113461126A CN 202110773390 A CN202110773390 A CN 202110773390A CN 113461126 A CN113461126 A CN 113461126A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/14—Paint wastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
Abstract
The invention discloses a coagulant which comprises a component A, a component B and a component C; the component A and the component B are obtained from the same raw material loess: s1, adding loess powder into sulfuric acid, stirring at a constant temperature, leaching, and performing suction filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively; s2, adding concentrated nitric acid into the filtrate, stirring at constant temperature, adjusting pH, sequentially adding sodium nitrite and copperas, stirring, dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally concentrating to obtain a saturated solution, namely the component A; s3, filtering and washing the filter residue with deionized water, baking, grinding and sieving to obtain the component B. And the component C is obtained by completely dissolving chitosan in acetic acid in sequence, adding sodium hydroxide under constant-temperature stirring, dropwise adding carbon disulfide, reacting under constant-temperature stirring, introducing nitrogen, washing with ethanol, methanol and acetone in sequence, and drying in vacuum. The coagulant comprises a Fenton reagent, poly aluminum ferric sulfate, a porous structure material and modified chitosan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a coagulant and application thereof in water-based paint wastewater.
Background
The water-based paint is a paint using water as a solvent or a dispersion medium, is widely regarded and applied in a large scale due to the characteristics of low VOCs content, no pungent smell, no combustion, low toxicity, plump paint film, glittering and translucent property, good flexibility, water resistance, wear resistance, aging resistance, convenient use and the like, but the waste water generated in the production process has the advantages of complex and variable components, high chroma and concentration, high stability, poor biodegradability, high toxicity and great treatment difficulty, and can be retained in an environmental medium for a long time without treatment, thereby causing serious pollution to the environment.
At present, the flocculation precipitation method is mostly adopted for water-based coating wastewater at home and abroad, and the core technology is the selection of a flocculating agent. However, the common flocculating agent has high production cost, long flocculation time, large dosage, unsatisfactory flocculation effect, easy secondary pollution caused by residues, and the treated water quality can not reach the discharge standard regulated by the state. Therefore, the invention provides a water-based paint wastewater coagulant which is safe, environment-friendly, good in coagulation effect and low in production cost, and is a key problem to be solved urgently in the field of wastewater treatment at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coagulant, which is prepared by modifying and compounding loess and chitosan serving as raw materials, comprises an inorganic polymeric flocculant, a Fenton reagent, an organic polymeric flocculant and a carrier, is safe and environment-friendly, has a good coagulation effect in water-based paint wastewater treatment, is low in raw material and preparation cost, and solves the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a coagulant comprises a component A, a component B and a component C, wherein the component A comprises poly aluminum ferric sulfate and a Fenton reagent and has flocculation and oxidation effects; the component B is an inorganic material with a porous structure and plays roles in carrier and framework construction and adsorption; the component C is modified chitosan and plays roles in flocculation and demulsification; and the component A, the component B and the component C are subjected to mixing, curing, drying, grinding and sieving treatment to form the coagulant.
The coagulant is a compound coagulant, wherein polyaluminum ferric sulfate, a Fenton reagent and a modified chitosan organic flocculant are loaded in an inorganic porous material together, the inorganic porous material plays a role in loading an organic flocculant and an inorganic flocculant and simultaneously plays an adsorption role, and the compound coagulant forms a self powder structure.
Furthermore, the ratio of the component A, the component B and the component C in parts by weight is (20-25): (65-70): 10.
Further, the component A and the component B are obtained from the same raw material loess, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding loess powder into sulfuric acid, stirring at a constant temperature, leaching, and performing suction filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively;
s2, adding concentrated nitric acid into the filtrate, stirring at constant temperature, adjusting pH, sequentially adding sodium nitrite and copperas, stirring, dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally concentrating to obtain a saturated solution, namely the component A;
s3, filtering and washing the filter residue with deionized water, baking, grinding and sieving to obtain the component B.
The invention makes full use of SiO in loess2、Al2O3、Fe2O3And FeO and other components, modifying the filtrate obtained after acid extraction of loess to obtain a component A, wherein the filtrate obtained after acid extraction contains aluminum ions, iron ions and the like, and after the treatment of the step S2, the aluminum ions, the iron ions and the like form polyaluminium sulfate iron which forms the component A together with the formed Fenton reagent, and the polyaluminium sulfate iron and the Fenton reagent respectively play roles in flocculation and oxidation and can well remove adsorption and impurities; roasting and modifying the filter residue to obtain a component B, wherein the component B is mainly silicon dioxide porous powder.
Further, in step S1, the method includes: the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 60-70%; the ratio of the loess to the sulfuric acid solution is (10-20) to (30-50) in parts by weight; the conditions of constant temperature stirring are as follows: stirring for 2-3 h at the temperature of 80-85 ℃; the suction filtration is vacuum filtration and is carried out after the material is cooled to room temperature; in the step S2: the adding amount of the concentrated nitric acid and the loess in the step S1 are (15-20) to (10-20) by weight; the constant-temperature stirring temperature is 40-45 ℃; adjusting the pH value by using a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5.0mol/L, and the pH value of the solution is approximately equal to 2 when the filtrate is orange and faded after being stirred; the adding amount of the sodium nitrite and the copperas is calculated according to the weight part ratio of the sodium nitrite to the concentrated nitric acid, wherein the sodium nitrite to the copperas to the concentrated nitric acid is (1.0-2.0): (15-20); the mass concentration of the dropwise added hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%, the amount of the hydrogen peroxide is calculated according to the weight part ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the concentrated nitric acid, and the dropwise adding time is 0.5h, wherein the ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the concentrated nitric acid is (3-5) to (15-20); in the step S3: and (3) carrying out suction filtration and washing on filter residues for 3 times by using deionized water, baking for 2-3 h at 400-600 ℃, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve.
The purpose of the above material setting and operating parameter selection is to obtain a component A in a stable state and a component B with strong porous adsorption.
Further, the component C is obtained by the following method: completely dissolving chitosan in acetic acid, adding sodium hydroxide under constant-temperature stirring, dropwise adding carbon disulfide, stirring at constant temperature for reaction, introducing nitrogen to remove unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide, sequentially washing with ethanol, methanol and acetone, and vacuum drying to obtain material C.
Furthermore, the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is more than or equal to 90 percent; the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 2-3%; the chitosan, the sodium hydroxide and the carbon disulfide are in the following weight parts: (5-8), (2-4), (3-6); the dropping time of the carbon disulfide is 40-50 min; the temperature range of constant-temperature stirring is 5-10 ℃; after the carbon disulfide is dripped, stirring at a constant temperature for 2.0-3.0 hours at the temperature of 20-30 ℃; washed 2 times with ethanol, methanol, acetone each, then dried under vacuum.
Further, the method for forming the coagulant by the component A, the component B and the component C comprises the following steps: slowly adding the component A into the component C, stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH value to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding the component B, fully stirring for 2-3 h to mix uniformly, standing and curing for 12-15 h, drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the coagulant.
The process of forming the coagulant by the component A, the component B and the component C is the process of loading the component A and the component C on the component B to form the coagulant with stable performance for the coagulation treatment of the water-based paint wastewater.
The invention also provides application of the coagulant in treatment of wastewater in preparation of water-based paint.
The specific application method comprises the following steps: adding 100-120 g of the coagulant into each ton of water-based paint wastewater, stirring for 0.5h at the speed of 200-300 r/min at room temperature, standing, and filtering.
Furthermore, in the treatment of wastewater in the preparation of the water-based paint, after filtration and separation, water is discharged as clean water meeting the discharge standard, and filter residues can be recycled after recovery treatment, so that the method comprises the step of recycling the filter residues.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the coagulant provided by the invention is a novel inorganic-organic composite polymer coagulant, comprises four components with different flocculation principles of demulsification, Fenton oxidation, flocculation sedimentation and adsorption, can be used for treating various components of water-based paint wastewater in a targeted manner, effectively enhances the flocculation property and the universality, and can achieve a remarkable wastewater treatment effect without adding any other coagulant aids and flocculants due to the synergistic effect of multiple functions in the wastewater treatment process.
2) According to the coagulant provided by the invention, the porous material of the component B can be used as a carrier of the composite coagulant, so that the contact surface between the wastewater and the flocculant is increased, and the porous structure of the coagulant can ensure a filtration channel of water, so that the water is easy to remove.
The coagulant has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, no toxicity, no harm and easy biodegradation, and the product has the characteristics of simple preparation process, easy industrial production, wide application range, small addition amount, safety, environmental protection, high cost performance and the like. Not only reduces the production cost, but also effectively utilizes the idle loess resources, reduces the use amount of other chemical auxiliary agents and reduces the secondary pollution of the flocculating agent to the environment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The invention provides a loess-based water-based paint wastewater coagulant, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 10 parts by weight of loess powder into 40 parts by weight of 60% sulfuric acid, stirring at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for about 2.5 hours, cooling to room temperature, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively. Then 15 parts of concentrated nitric acid is added into the filtrate, the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 40 ℃, 5.0mol/LNaOH solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be approximately equal to 2.0 (until the solution is orange and fades after stirring, and if the solution is not faded after stirring, the NaOH is excessive), then 1.5 parts of sodium nitrite and 2.0 parts of copperas are sequentially added, the mixture is continuously stirred until the solution is changed from dark green to light yellow, and then 3 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added dropwise until the solution is changed into golden yellow. The solution was concentrated to saturation at room temperature to give component a.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and washing on the filter residue obtained in the step (1) by using deionized water for 3 times, baking at 500 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a component B.
(3) Dissolving 6 parts by weight of chitosan (the deacetylation degree is more than or equal to 90%) completely by using 3% acetic acid solution, adding 2 parts of sodium hydroxide under the condition of stirring at a constant temperature of 10 ℃, then dropwise adding 3 parts of carbon disulfide, stirring at a constant temperature of 20 ℃ for 3.0h after dropwise adding is finished for 40min, removing unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide by using nitrogen, washing for 2 times by using ethanol, methanol and acetone in sequence, and drying in vacuum to obtain the component C.
(4) Slowly adding 25 parts of the component A into 10 parts of the component C by weight under stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding 65 parts of the component B, fully stirring for 2.0h to uniformly mix, standing and curing for 15.0h, drying in vacuum at 50 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant.
Example 2
The invention provides a loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 13 parts by weight of loess powder into 50 parts by weight of 65% sulfuric acid, stirring at a constant temperature of 82 ℃ for about 3.0h, cooling to room temperature, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively. Then 20 parts of concentrated nitric acid is added into the filtrate, the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 45 ℃, 5.0mol/LNaOH solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be approximately equal to 2.0 (until the solution is orange and faded after being stirred), 1.8 parts of sodium nitrite and 1.5 parts of copperas are sequentially added, the mixture is continuously stirred until the solution is changed from dark green to light yellow, and 4 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added dropwise until the solution is changed to golden yellow. The solution was concentrated to saturation at room temperature to give component a.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and washing on the filter residue obtained in the step (1) by using deionized water for 3 times, baking at 600 ℃ for 2.0h, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a component B.
(3) Dissolving 8 parts by weight of chitosan (the deacetylation degree is more than or equal to 90%) by using 2% acetic acid solution completely, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide under stirring at the constant temperature of 8 ℃, then dropwise adding 4 parts of carbon disulfide, stirring at the constant temperature of 22 ℃ for 2.5 hours after 45min of dropwise adding is finished, removing unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide by using nitrogen, washing for 2 times by using ethanol, methanol and acetone respectively in sequence, and drying in vacuum to obtain the component C.
(4) Slowly adding 20 parts of the component A into 10 parts of the component C by weight under stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding 70 parts of the component B, fully stirring for 3.0h to uniformly mix, standing and curing for 15.0h, drying in vacuum at 45 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant.
Example 3
The invention provides a loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 15 parts of loess powder into 45 parts of 70% sulfuric acid, stirring at the constant temperature of 84 ℃ for about 2.0h, cooling to room temperature, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively. Adding 17 parts of concentrated nitric acid into the filtrate, stirring at the constant temperature of 41 ℃, adjusting the pH to be approximately equal to 2.0 by using a 5.0mol/LNaOH solution (until the solution is orange and fades after stirring), sequentially adding 1.4 parts of sodium nitrite and 1.8 parts of copperas, continuously stirring until the solution is changed from dark green to light yellow, and slowly dropwise adding 5 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide until the solution is changed to golden yellow. The solution was concentrated to saturation at room temperature to give component a.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and washing on the filter residue obtained in the step (1) by using deionized water for 3 times, baking at 450 ℃ for 3.0h, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a component B.
(3) Dissolving 7 parts by weight of chitosan (the deacetylation degree is more than or equal to 90%) by using a 3% acetic acid solution completely, adding 4 parts of sodium hydroxide under stirring at a constant temperature of 9 ℃, then dropwise adding 5 parts of carbon disulfide, stirring at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 2.5 hours after dropwise adding is finished for 50min, removing unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide by using nitrogen, washing for 2 times by using ethanol, methanol and acetone respectively in sequence, and drying in vacuum to obtain the component C.
(4) Slowly adding 23 parts of the component A into 10 parts of the component C by weight under stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding 67 parts of the component B, fully stirring for 2.5 hours to uniformly mix, standing and curing for 12.0 hours, drying in vacuum at 48 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant.
Example 4
The invention provides a loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 17 parts by weight of loess powder into 35 parts by weight of 70% sulfuric acid, stirring at the constant temperature of 83 ℃ for about 2.2 hours, cooling to room temperature, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively. Then 16 parts of concentrated nitric acid is added into the filtrate, the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 42 ℃, 5.0mol/LNaOH solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be approximately equal to 2.0 (until the solution has orange color and fades after being stirred), 1.6 parts of sodium nitrite and 1.6 parts of copperas are sequentially added, the mixture is continuously stirred until the solution changes from dark green to light yellow, and 4 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added dropwise until the solution changes to golden yellow. The solution was concentrated to saturation at room temperature to give component a.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and washing on the filter residue obtained in the step (1) by using deionized water for 3 times, baking at 550 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a component B.
(3) Dissolving 5 parts by weight of chitosan (the deacetylation degree is more than or equal to 90%) by using 2% acetic acid solution completely, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide under stirring at the constant temperature of 7 ℃, then dropwise adding 6 parts of carbon disulfide, stirring at the constant temperature of 28 ℃ for 2.2 hours after the dropwise adding is finished for 48min, removing unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide by using nitrogen, washing for 2 times by using ethanol, methanol and acetone respectively in sequence, and drying in vacuum to obtain the component C.
(4) Slowly adding 24 parts of the component A into 10 parts of the component C by weight under stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding 66 parts of the component B, fully stirring for 2.3 hours to uniformly mix, standing and curing for 14.0 hours, drying in vacuum at 40 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant.
Example 5
The invention provides a loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant, which is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 20 parts by weight of loess powder into 30 parts by weight of 60% sulfuric acid, stirring at the constant temperature of 85 ℃ for about 2.4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively. Then 18 parts of concentrated nitric acid is added into the filtrate, the mixture is stirred at the constant temperature of 43 ℃, 5.0mol/LNaOH solution is used for adjusting the pH value to be approximately equal to 2.0 (until the solution has orange color and fades after being stirred), 1.2 parts of sodium nitrite and 1.0 part of copperas are sequentially added, the mixture is continuously stirred until the solution changes from dark green to light yellow, and 5 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide is slowly added dropwise until the solution changes to golden yellow. The solution was concentrated to saturation at room temperature to give component a.
(2) And (2) carrying out suction filtration and washing on the filter residue obtained in the step (1) by using deionized water for 3 times, baking at 500 ℃ for 3.0h, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a component B.
(3) Dissolving 6 parts by weight of chitosan (the deacetylation degree is more than or equal to 90%) completely by using a 3% acetic acid solution, adding 4 parts of sodium hydroxide under stirring at a constant temperature of 5 ℃, dropwise adding 5 parts of carbon disulfide, stirring at a constant temperature of 30 ℃ for 2.0 hours after finishing dropwise adding, removing unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide by using nitrogen, washing for 2 times by using ethanol, methanol and acetone in sequence, and drying in vacuum to obtain the component C.
(4) Under the condition of stirring at room temperature, slowly adding 22 parts of the component A into 10 parts of the component C according to parts by weight, stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH value to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding 68 parts of the component B, fully stirring for 2.0h to uniformly mix, standing and curing for 13.0h, drying in vacuum at 46 ℃, and grinding and sieving by a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the loess-based water-based paint wastewater flocculant.
The performance test of the loess-based water-based paint wastewater coagulant provided by the invention shows that only 100-120 g of the product is needed to be added into each ton of water-based paint wastewater, the removal rates of chroma and turbidity in the wastewater after 0.5h are respectively as high as 98.0% and 97.0%, and COD and BOD are respectively5The removal rates of the catalyst can respectively reach 98.5 percent and 95.0 percent. The effluent quality index of the system meets the requirement of 'urban sewage recycling-urban miscellaneous water quality' (GB/T18920-2020), and can be used for road cleaning, building construction and the like.
The flocculants obtained in examples 1-5 were used for treating wastewater of water-based paint, and the addition amount of the flocculants was 110 g/ton of wastewater, and the treatment effect is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 treatment effect of coagulant on water-based paint wastewater
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A coagulant is characterized by comprising a component A, a component B and a component C,
the component A comprises poly aluminum ferric sulfate and a Fenton reagent, and has flocculation and oxidation effects;
the component B is an inorganic material with a porous structure and plays roles in carrier and framework construction and adsorption;
the component C is modified chitosan and plays roles in flocculation and demulsification;
and the component A, the component B and the component C are subjected to mixing, curing, drying, grinding and sieving treatment to form the coagulant.
2. The coagulant of claim 1 wherein the ratio of component A, component B and component C in parts by weight is (20-25): (65-70): 10.
3. A coagulant as claimed in claim 1 in which component a and component B are obtained from the same raw loess material by:
s1, adding loess powder into sulfuric acid, stirring at a constant temperature, leaching, and performing suction filtration to obtain filtrate and filter residue respectively;
s2, adding concentrated nitric acid into the filtrate, stirring at constant temperature, adjusting pH, sequentially adding sodium nitrite and copperas, stirring, dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide, and finally concentrating to obtain a saturated solution, namely the component A;
s3, filtering and washing the filter residue with deionized water, baking, grinding and sieving to obtain the component B.
4. A coagulant according to claim 3 characterised in that,
in the step S1:
the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 60-70%;
the ratio of the loess to the sulfuric acid solution is (10-20) to (30-50) in parts by weight;
the conditions of constant temperature stirring are as follows: stirring for 2-3 h at the temperature of 80-85 ℃;
the suction filtration is vacuum filtration and is carried out after the material is cooled to room temperature;
in the step S2:
the adding amount of the concentrated nitric acid and the loess in the step S1 are (15-20) to (10-20) by weight;
the constant-temperature stirring temperature is 40-45 ℃;
adjusting the pH value by using a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5.0mol/L until the filtrate is orange and faded after being stirred;
the adding amount of the sodium nitrite and the copperas is calculated according to the weight part ratio of the sodium nitrite to the concentrated nitric acid, wherein the sodium nitrite to the copperas to the concentrated nitric acid is (1.0-2.0): (15-20);
the mass concentration of the dropwise added hydrogen peroxide solution is 30%, the amount of the hydrogen peroxide is calculated according to the weight part ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the concentrated nitric acid, and the dropwise adding time is 0.5h, wherein the ratio of the hydrogen peroxide to the concentrated nitric acid is (3-5) to (15-20);
in the step S3:
and (3) carrying out suction filtration and washing on filter residues for 3 times by using deionized water, baking for 2-3 h at 400-600 ℃, cooling to room temperature, grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve.
5. A coagulant according to claim 1, characterized in that component C is obtained by:
completely dissolving chitosan in acetic acid, adding sodium hydroxide under constant-temperature stirring, dropwise adding carbon disulfide, stirring at constant temperature for reaction, introducing nitrogen to remove unreacted carbon disulfide and generated hydrogen sulfide, sequentially washing with ethanol, methanol and acetone, and vacuum drying to obtain material C.
6. A coagulant according to claim 5 characterised in that,
the deacetylation degree of the chitosan is more than or equal to 90 percent;
the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 2-3%;
the chitosan, the sodium hydroxide and the carbon disulfide are in the following weight parts: (5-8), (2-4), (3-6);
the dropping time of the carbon disulfide is 40-50 min;
the temperature range of constant-temperature stirring is 5-10 ℃;
after the carbon disulfide is dripped, stirring at a constant temperature for 2.0-3.0 hours at the temperature of 20-30 ℃;
washed 2 times with ethanol, methanol, acetone each, then dried under vacuum.
7. A coagulant according to claim 1 wherein component a, component B and component C are formed by:
slowly adding the component A into the component C, stirring at room temperature, controlling the pH value to be less than or equal to 2.0, adding the component B, fully stirring for 2-3 h to mix uniformly, standing and curing for 12-15 h, drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the coagulant.
8. Use of a coagulant according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the treatment of waste water in the preparation of aqueous coatings.
9. The application of the coagulant according to claim 8, wherein 100 to 120g of the coagulant is added to each ton of water-based paint wastewater, stirred at the speed of 200 to 300r/min for 0.5h at room temperature, and then kept stand and filtered.
10. The use of a coagulant as claimed in claim 9 further comprising the step of recycling the filter residue after filtration.
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