CN113453279A - IRS and NC technology-based high-reliability low-delay information transmission method - Google Patents
IRS and NC technology-based high-reliability low-delay information transmission method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
- H04W28/065—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information using assembly or disassembly of packets
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability low-delay information transmission method based on IRS and NC technologies, which is characterized in that a plurality of software-defined super surfaces are deployed in communication between a millimeter wave base station and a user, a transmitting module is not needed, the energy consumption and the cost are low, the information transmission efficiency is improved, meanwhile, network coding is adopted in the communication for information error correction in a millimeter wave wireless access network, the network transmission reliability is further improved, and the software-defined super surfaces are combined to realize the information transmission with low interruption probability, low delay and high transmission reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an information transmission method, in particular to a high-reliability low-delay information transmission method based on IRS and NC technologies.
Background
Compared with the commonly applied 4G network communication technology, the 5G network communication technology has obvious advantages in transmission speed, the 5G physical layer technology can generally adapt to the wireless environment with space and time variation, but the signal propagation is random in nature, and uncontrollable situations can occur to a great extent, while the 5G transmission system mainly comprises an application layer, a presentation layer, a session layer, a transmission layer, a network layer, a data link layer and a physical layer, taking the sending of messages by WeChat as an example, a user sends information by WeChat on a user terminal, the application layer (browser and WeChat) of the 5G transmission system is determined at the moment, the presentation layer encodes or converts data (characters, voice, pictures and the like) to be transmitted after the request is sent by WeChat, then the presentation layer sends a request to the session layer to a server, and after the server agrees, a connection is established, after the data is finished, the layer is disconnected, the session is stopped, after the session layer is established, the transmission layer receives the data of the application layer, the transmission layer packs the data, marks the target address of the opposite party and gives the data to the network layer, the network layer selects the optimal route according to the IP address to convert the data packet (similar to a router, when the router determines which route the data packet goes along, the data packet is transmitted to the data link layer), the data link layer transmits the data to the next station (a living switch, when the switch transmits the data frame out, the data frame reaches the physical layer), the physical layer is responsible for transmitting the current from the point A to the point B, also called as the bit stream (the function of a network cable and an optical cable), the bit stream passes through the network cable to the physical layer of the opposite party B, then reaches the data link layer, the switch of the data link layer transmits the data frame to the router of the network layer through the MAC address, the network layer transmits the data packet to the transmission layer through the IP address, the transmission layer splits and decrypts the data packet, the session layer establishes connection with the host, converts the data segment into text voice pictures and the like on the presentation layer, and lets the WeChat of the user B see the message, but the conventional information transmission has the problems that the millimeter wave signal is easy to block, obstruct, interrupt and the like in the application of the 5G system, and the reliability of the transmitted information is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-reliability low-delay information transmission method based on IRS and NC technologies.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a high-reliability low-delay information transmission method based on IRS and NC technology comprises the following steps:
step 1: after the terminal user sends the request, the base station obtains the request data from the server, searches the RAN interface of the wireless access network in the distribution layer after passing through the coding layer, and establishes the connection.
Step 2: the transmission layer packs the request data, the network layer carries out network coding NC on the data packet after the data packet is marked with a target address, and the data packet is grouped into a K generation coding data packet.
And step 3: after the coded data packet passes through the data link layer to the physical layer, the base station sends the coded data packet outwards, and the coded data packet is received by a terminal user after passing through a direct channel and a reflection channel formed by a multi-software-defined super surface IRS.
The multi-software-defined super-surface IRS of step 3 is a uniform planar array composed of N × N unit elements, each unit element includes a plurality of PIN diodes, and the phase shift of the unit element is realized by adjusting the voltage of the PIN diodes, and the response coefficient caused by the unit element is:
the formula for the phase shift is:
wherein: x is the number of rows of unit cells, y is the number of columns of unit cells, and the quantization interval is [0,2 π]E is the number of quantization bits, mx,y＝{0,1，...，2e-1}。
The protocol adopted by the transport layer in the step 2 is a UDP protocol.
The server in the step 1 is a video streaming server, and the base station is a millimeter wave base station.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the software-defined super-surface to assist user transmission, has no transmission module, almost has no energy consumption, does not need information processing, has low cost, directly carries out information interaction and improves the transmission efficiency, and the data transmission method based on Network Coding (NC) can realize low-delay and high-reliability transmission and can realize ultra-low interruption probability, ultra-low delay and high transmission reliability by matching with the software-defined super-surface (IRS).
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the use of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-reliability low-latency information transmission method based on IRS and NC technologies includes the following steps (taking a terminal viewing a video as an example):
step 1: after the terminal user sends a request, the base station (reference number 1 in fig. 2, reference number 2 is an obstacle) acquires request data (video data) from the server, searches for a radio access network RAN interface in a distribution layer after passing through an encoding layer, and establishes connection; the distribution layer is used to manage the network coding, any retransmissions and the multiple interfaces connecting the different Radio Access Networks (RANs).
Step 2: the transport layer packetizes the request data (video data), the packets are network coded NC by the network layer after being addressed, the packets are grouped into K generation coded packets, for each generation the packets are independent random linear combinations of K packets, with the symbols, coefficients and all operations defined in a galois field Fq having q elements, so that each coded packet is the same useful representation from the generated packet, allowing the decoder to decode the original information using any combination of (slightly more than) K coded packets, the number of coded packets generated from K packets, i.e. the NC code rate, is not fixed, if some packets are lost on a millimeter wave (mmWave) link it is possible to generate new coded packets without re-coding and re-transmitting the whole generation, which is a rateless property of the coding scheme, which can be transmitted immediately after an encoded packet is generated, the decoder collects the encoded data packets, at least K data packets are required to be received to try to successfully decode, Gaussian elimination is carried out at the decoder end, a decoding matrix is constructed by utilizing the successfully received linear independent encoding packets to retrieve the original packets, the encoding coefficients are randomly selected, so that the linear independence between each encoding packet and other packets cannot be guaranteed, the K encoding packets are given, the original payload is reconstructed, in order to improve the decoding probability, N encoded packets which are more than or equal to K are sent, and decoding is started immediately after the K packets are received.
And step 3: after the coded data packet passes through a data link layer to a physical layer, the base station sends the coded data packet outwards, and the coded data packet is received by a terminal user after passing through a direct channel and a reflection channel formed by a multi-software-defined super surface IRS; reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment by a software-defined super-surface IRS (3 in fig. 2), which is a planar (i.e., a uniform planar array of N x N unit elements) composed of a large number of low-cost passive reflective elements, each of which is capable of independently inducing amplitude and/or phase changes of incident signals, to cooperatively achieve fine three-dimensional (3D) reflected beam formation, in sharp contrast to existing transmitter/receiver wireless link adaptation techniques, which actively modify their wireless channels (transmit channels) through highly controllable and intelligent signal reflections, which can be constructively added with signals from other paths (directly to) to enhance the desired signal power at the receiver, or destructively cancel undesired signals such as channel interference, since the use of a transmit Radio Frequency (RF) chain is eliminated and only works in short distances, it can be densely deployed with scalable cost and low power consumption without the need for complex interference management between passive intelligent reflective surfaces, thereby improving transmission reliability and transmission quality, reducing transmission outage probability, and further reducing transmission delay.
The software defined super surface (IRS) belongs to a passive full duplex component, a transmitting module is not needed, energy consumption is almost avoided, information interaction is directly carried out without information processing when the software defined super surface receives or reflects and transmits, transmission efficiency is improved, the cost of the software defined super surface is low, and the software defined super surface can be flexibly deployed in a cell.
Data transmission using Network Coding (NC) can achieve low-latency, highly reliable information transmission, fountain code Raptor codes have been applied to the broadcast transmission and streaming service (MBMS) standards of 3GPP, on the basis of the fountain code, Network Coding (NC) is applied to further improve the reliability of network transmission, compared with the traditional fountain codes such as LT codes, Raptor codes and the like, the Network Coding (NC) not only has the fountain characteristic and improves the transmission reliability, and has low computational complexity and simple implementation, and allows the network node to re-encode (recoding) the encoded packet, thereby approaching the maximum flow capacity (maxflow capacity) of the network and improving the throughput, therefore, in the data transmission process of the Network Coding (NC), and the user transmission is assisted by a software defined super surface (IRS), so that the ultra-low interruption probability, the ultra-low time delay and the high transmission reliability are realized.
The multi-software-defined super-surface IRS of step 3 is a uniform planar array composed of N × N unit elements, each unit element includes a plurality of PIN diodes, when a wave enters the IRS, the phase shift of each element can be adjusted in real time by controlling the PIN diodes through a voltage in a switching state, that is, the IRS elements can provide a certain phase shift according to an adjustment voltage, and the propagation environment can be manipulated by using a reconfigurable characteristic to reduce interference between links and improve system performance, for simplicity, the phase shift range of each unit element is limited, only a limited discrete value is taken, and a response coefficient caused by the unit element is:
the formula for the phase shift is:
wherein: x is the number of rows of unit cells, y is the number of columns of unit cells, and the quantization interval is [0,2 π]E is the number of quantization bits, resulting in 2ePhase shift value, j is a virtual unit, mx,y＝{0,1，…，2e-1}，1≤x,y≤N。
The protocol adopted by the transport layer in step 2 is UDP, and both the transport layer protocol UDP and TCP are used as transport protocols for video distribution, for example, a dynamic adaptive streaming media (DASH) protocol depends on TCP, and a real-time streaming media protocol (RSTP) can run on both protocols, the performance of TCP has many limitations in millimeter wave (mmWave) link, the efficiency of the whole link is very low in terms of the data rate achievable by the millimeter wave (mmWave) link, and the above-mentioned defects can be perfectly avoided by using UDP.
The server in the step 1 is a video streaming server and can better cooperate with the transmission system to fetch data, the base station is a millimeter wave base station and performs data communication by millimeter waves, and the good transmission quality and the extremely wide bandwidth of the base station can perfectly cooperate with software defined super-surface IRS to realize high-reliability and low-delay information transmission.
The method exists for two types of direct and reflected paths, the reflected path from the transmitter ti to the receiver ri associated with the IRS element { x, y }, being denoted as
hri,tiThe direct channel between the transmitter ti and the receiver ri is represented, on the premise that the transmitter completely knows Channel State Information (CSI), the expression of the two channels will not affect power allocation and phase shift design, for CSI acquisition, although the passive IRS has no active transceiver, the active transceivers of the BS and the user can be used to estimate CSI, the BS/user ti can send pilot signals to the user ri, and the user-IRS-BS cascade channel, the user-BS direct channel, the user-IRS-user cascade channel, and the user-user direct channel are estimated according to the feedback signal of the user ri.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications and variations without departing from the overall concept of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high-reliability low-delay information transmission method based on IRS and NC technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: after a terminal user sends a request, a base station acquires request data from a server, searches a Radio Access Network (RAN) interface in a distribution layer after passing through a coding layer and establishes connection;
step 2: the transmission layer packs the request data, the network layer carries out network coding NC on the data packet after the data packet is marked with a target address, and the data packet is grouped into a K generation coding data packet;
and step 3: after the coded data packet passes through the data link layer to the physical layer, the base station sends the coded data packet outwards, and the coded data packet is received by a terminal user after passing through a direct channel and a reflection channel formed by a multi-software-defined super surface IRS.
2. The method for transmitting information with high reliability and low time delay based on IRS and NC technology according to claim 1, wherein the multi-software-defined super surface IRS of step 3 is a uniform planar array composed of N × N unit elements, each unit element comprises a plurality of PIN diodes, and the phase shift of the unit element is realized by adjusting the voltage of the PIN diode, and the response coefficient caused by the unit element is:
the formula for the phase shift is:
wherein: x is the number of rows of unit cells, y is the number of columns of unit cells, and the quantization interval is [0,2 π]E is the number of quantization bits, mx,y＝{0,1，…，2e-1}。
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the protocol used by the transport layer in step 2 is UDP.
4. The IRS and NC technology-based high-reliability low-delay information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the server in step 1 is a video streaming server, and the base station is a millimeter wave base station.
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| CN112737655A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-30 | 北京邮电大学 | Communication method, system and device based on intelligent reflecting surface |
| US20210160668A1 (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-27 | Ewha University - Industry Collaboration Foundation | Method and device for data transmission in v2i network |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105874794A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-08-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | System and method for video multicasting |
| US20210160668A1 (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-27 | Ewha University - Industry Collaboration Foundation | Method and device for data transmission in v2i network |
| CN111355519A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-30 | 电子科技大学 | Intelligent reflection surface assisted indoor terahertz MIMO communication system design method |
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