CN113450934B - Experimental device and method for positioning and tracking of ball flow - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for positioning and tracking of ball flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN113450934B CN113450934B CN202110693444.8A CN202110693444A CN113450934B CN 113450934 B CN113450934 B CN 113450934B CN 202110693444 A CN202110693444 A CN 202110693444A CN 113450934 B CN113450934 B CN 113450934B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ball flow positioning and tracking experimental device and a method, wherein the experimental device comprises a two-dimensional reactor core rack, an external circulation system and a computing system; the two-dimensional reactor core rack is provided with a containing cavity, so that a plurality of graphite nodules can be flatly paved in the containing cavity in a single layer; the external circulating system is communicated with the accommodating chamber so that the graphite nodules can circularly flow in the accommodating chamber; and the computing system is electrically connected with the external circulating system so as to obtain position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber when the graphite nodules discharged from the accommodating chamber reach a preset number, and realize the positioning and tracking of the spherulites flow according to the position images. The invention can quickly and accurately detect the absolute positions of all graphite nodules in the experimental device at any time without special identification, tracks the flowing trajectory of all graphite nodules in the experimental device in the whole process and the whole range, and realizes the full-range, high-precision and quick positioning and tracking of the graphite nodules in the two-dimensional spherulitic model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear engineering, in particular to a ball flow positioning and tracking experimental device and method.
Background
The high-temperature gas cooled reactor adopts a ball bed reactor core and a non-stop reactor refueling technology. The fuel spheres pass through the reactor core for multiple times, namely the fuel spheres are loaded from the top of the reactor core, flow through the reactor core downwards under the action of gravity, and are fissioned to generate heat, then the reactor core is unloaded through a special unloading device, and after burnup is measured by a burnup measuring device, the fuel spheres which do not reach the unloading burnup limit value are returned to the reactor core through the fuel loading and unloading system again, and are fissioned again to generate heat. The fuel balls which are discharged and burned after multiple reactor core fissions are discharged according to the spent fuel and are loaded into a special spent fuel tank. Thus, the core is composed of multiple passes of fuel sphere mixtures with different burnup levels and is slow flowing throughout. The sphere flow motion rule of the sphere bed determines the distribution conditions of fuel spheres with different passing times and different fuel consumption levels in the reactor core, and therefore, the distribution of nuclear fuel in the reactor core is influenced, and further, the power distribution and the temperature distribution are influenced, and the sphere flow motion can be influenced in turn, so the sphere flow motion rule is an important research content of the sphere bed type high-temperature gas cooled reactor.
In view of the importance of the method, the law of the spherical flow motion is widely and massively researched at home and abroad, including bench experiments, numerical simulation and research on the influence on reactor core design. Particularly since the fifties of the twentieth century, a large number of countries including germany have carried out a large number of bench-based ball flow experimental researches, different sphere materials and different experimental proportions (including large benches with a 1:1 proportion) are adopted to simulate different reactor working conditions, so that a certain understanding and mastering can be obtained on the ball flow rule, the ball flow rules are used for designing AVR experimental reactors and THTR prototype nuclear power stations, and meanwhile, the verification and guidance of the operation data on the reactors are obtained. From the eighties of the twentieth century, China also carried out a great deal of experimental bench research on the ball flow, and particularly after 2000 years, under a great special frame of high-temperature gas cooled reactor, a great deal of ball flow experimental bench research was carried out and is used for supporting the design of HTR-10 and HTR-PM and the research of a wider ball flow rule. Similarly, beginning in the nineties of the twentieth century, south africa has also conducted a number of experimental and numerical simulation studies on the ball flow for guiding the design of the ball Bed Modular high temperature gas cooled Reactor (PBMR).
By integrating the research methods and contents of the ball flow of each high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the fuel ball position detection technology is a key technology of the ball flow experiment. However, the traditional phenomenological method is to manually observe and record the ball flow movement by setting the marker ball, and although the preparation work is simple and convenient, the workload is large, only a small amount of balls can be observed at the same time, and human errors are easy to occur. The radioactive tracing method has the advantages that the experiment can be directly carried out aiming at the three-dimensional model, the actual reactor core structure can be simulated more truly, and the acquisition mode of the sphere flow track is more objective and reliable, but the method has the defects that in most cases, the movement of only one radioactive sphere can be tracked in each experiment, the movement of the sphere is required to be discontinuous, if a plurality of movement tracks are required to be acquired, the initial throwing position of the radioactive sphere needs to be manually adjusted, the requirements on experiment conditions and analysis algorithms are very strict, and the success rate and the accuracy of the experiment need to be improved. In addition, the radioactive tracer method has expensive equipment and high experimental cost. The X-ray projection method can simultaneously obtain the translation and rotation displacement of the ball, the experimental result can be used for verifying the DEM ball flow motion simulation result, and an effective method is provided for researching the distribution and residence time of the fuel balls of the ball bed reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a full-range, full-range and accurate positioning and tracking experimental device and method for two-dimensional ball flow.
In one aspect of the invention, an experimental device for positioning and tracking a spherical flow is provided, and comprises a two-dimensional reactor core rack, an external circulation system and a computing system;
the two-dimensional reactor core rack is provided with a containing cavity, so that a plurality of graphite nodules can be flatly laid in the containing cavity in a single layer manner;
the external circulation system is communicated with the accommodating chamber so as to enable the graphite nodules to circularly flow in the accommodating chamber;
and the computing system is electrically connected with the external circulating system so as to obtain position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber when the graphite nodules discharged from the accommodating chamber reach a preset number, and realize the positioning and tracking of the spherulites flow according to the position images.
In some embodiments, the accommodating chamber is provided with a ball inlet and a ball outlet, the external circulation system comprises a ball discharging device, a single-row mechanism, a counter and a lifting circulation mechanism which are connected in sequence, the ball discharging device is communicated with the ball outlet, and the lifting circulation mechanism is communicated with the ball inlet.
In some embodiments, the computing system comprises at least one image acquisition module disposed around the exterior of the containment chamber and a computing module electrically connected to the image acquisition module and the counter, respectively;
the counter is used for counting the total number of the discharged graphite nodules and transmitting the counted number to the computing module in real time;
the calculating module is configured to respectively control the image obtaining module to obtain position images of corresponding graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber when the total number of the discharged graphite nodules reaches each preset number, and respectively associate each position image with the total number of the discharged graphite nodules when the position image is obtained;
the computing module is further configured to locate and track the ball flow according to each of the position images.
In some embodiments, the computing module further comprises a machine vision recognition sub-module;
the machine vision identification submodule is used for extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in the position images through an AI model, numbering each graphite nodule, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a spatial position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules.
In some embodiments, the computing module is further configured to:
according to the position identification data, obtaining a flow track curve of a preset graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber;
the calculation module is further configured to:
and acquiring the flow speed of a preset graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber according to the position identification data.
In some embodiments, after the calculation module obtains the flow velocity, the calculation module is further configured to:
and calculating the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in the preset area according to the flow velocity of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset area in the accommodating chamber.
In some embodiments, the computing system further comprises a storage database electrically connected to the image acquisition module and the computing module, respectively;
and the storage database is used for storing the position images and the position identification data which are related to the total number of the discharged graphite nodules.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-dimensional ball flow positioning and tracking method, using the experimental apparatus described above, the method including:
filling an accommodating chamber with graphite nodules, wherein the graphite nodules are discharged from the accommodating chamber under the action of an external circulating system, pass through the external circulating system and then enter the accommodating chamber again to realize circulating flow;
and when the number of the graphite nodules discharged to the external circulating system reaches each preset number, acquiring position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber, and positioning and tracking the spherulites according to the position images.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises:
extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in the position images through an AI (artificial intelligence) model, numbering each graphite nodule respectively, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a spatial position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules;
according to the position identification data, obtaining a flow trajectory curve and/or a flow speed of a preset graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber;
after the flow velocity is obtained, the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in the preset area is counted according to the flow velocity of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset area in the accommodating cavity.
In some embodiments, when the number of graphite nodules discharged to the external circulation system is N, the spatial position coordinates of the preset graphite nodules are changed from (X, Y) to (X)1-Y1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the X-axis direction in the preset area is (X-X)1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the Y-axis direction in the preset area is (Y-Y)1) meter/N ball.
The device and the method for the sphere flow positioning and tracking experiment can lay a plurality of graphite spheres in the accommodating cavity of the two-dimensional reactor core rack, and can make the plurality of graphite spheres circularly flow in the accommodating cavity by utilizing the external circulating system communicated with the accommodating cavity, in the process of the graphite nodule circulating flow, when the graphite nodule discharged from the containing chamber reaches the preset quantity by utilizing the calculating system, the position images of all graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber are obtained, and the positioning and tracking of the spherulites flow are realized according to the position images, so that special identification is not needed, the absolute positions of all graphite nodules in the experimental device at any moment can be detected quickly and accurately, the flowing spherulitic orbit of all graphite nodules in the experimental device is tracked in a whole course and a whole range, and the full-range, high-precision (millimeter level) and quick (second level) positioning and tracking of the graphite nodules in the two-dimensional spherulitic model are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball flow positioning and tracking experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for location and tracking of a ball flow according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In one aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a sphere flow positioning and tracking experimental apparatus 100 is provided, the experimental apparatus 100 comprising a two-dimensional core gantry 110, an external circulation system 120, and a computing system 130. The two-dimensional core stage 110 is provided with a receiving chamber 111 so that several graphite nodules can be tiled in a single layer within the receiving chamber 111. The external circulation system 120 is in communication with the receiving chamber 111 to circulate a plurality of graphite nodules in the receiving chamber 111. The computing system 130 is electrically connected to the external circulation system 120 to obtain position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 when the graphite nodules discharged from the accommodating chamber 111 reach a preset number, and to position and track the graphite nodules according to the position images.
In order to simulate the core sphere flow state of the high temperature gas cooled reactor more truly, the experimental device 100 can be constructed by adopting a ratio of 1:1, and the real graphite spheres of the high temperature gas cooled reactor are used as experimental spheres. The front surface of the two-dimensional core stage 110 may be a transparent plate such as a transparent glass plate or a transparent resin plate, and the transparency thereof does not affect the acquisition of the position image of each graphite nodule in the accommodation chamber 111 by the calculation system 130. The front local position of the two-dimensional reactor core rack 110 may also be provided with position scales or pattern splicing marks to facilitate further processing of the acquired position images. The back of the two-dimensional core gantry 110 can be constructed of a high strength frame-laid stainless steel plate structure and serves as a self-mounting and front transparent plate and mounting and load-bearing support for other accessories. The surface of the two-dimensional core stage 110 on the side that contacts the experimental graphite nodule on the back side may be set to a color having a high contrast with the color of the experimental graphite nodule, for example, when the color of the experimental graphite nodule is black, the surface of the two-dimensional core stage 110 on the side that contacts the experimental graphite nodule on the back side may be set to white. In addition, the friction coefficient between the surface of the two-dimensional core platform 110, which contacts the experimental graphite nodules, and the experimental graphite nodules can be maintained as consistent as possible, so as to simulate the core flow state of the high temperature gas cooled reactor more truly.
When the experimental apparatus 100 of this embodiment is used to simulate the core flux state of the high temperature gas cooled reactor, graphite nodules may be first fully distributed in the receiving cavity 111, and when the graphite nodules are fully distributed, the number of the graphite nodules may reach 12000. In addition, a small amount of graphite nodules may be prepared and used in the external circulation system 120. The graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 are circulated in the accommodating chamber 111 by the external circulation system 120, so that the core flow state of the high temperature gas cooled reactor is simulated. In the process of the graphite nodule circulating flow, when the number of the graphite nodules discharged from the accommodating chamber 111 reaches each preset number, the computing system 130 respectively obtains position images of each graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber 111, and positions and tracks each graphite nodule according to each position image, thereby realizing the positioning and tracking of the spherulites.
The experimental device for positioning and tracking the spherical flow can be used for flatly paving a plurality of graphite nodules in the accommodating cavity of the two-dimensional reactor core rack, and can make the plurality of graphite nodules circularly flow in the accommodating cavity by utilizing the external circulating system communicated with the accommodating cavity, in the process of the graphite nodule circulating flow, when the graphite nodule discharged from the containing chamber reaches the preset quantity by utilizing the calculating system, position images of graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber are obtained, and the location and tracking of the nodule flow are realized according to the position images, so that special identification is not needed, the absolute positions of all graphite nodules in the experimental device at any moment can be detected quickly and accurately, the flowing spherulitic orbit of all graphite nodules in the experimental device is tracked in a whole course and a whole range, and the full-range, high-precision (millimeter level) and quick (second level) positioning and tracking of the graphite nodules in the two-dimensional spherulitic model are realized.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the receiving chamber 111 is provided with a ball inlet hole 112 and a ball discharge hole 113. The external circulation system 120 includes a ball discharge device 121, a single row mechanism 122, a counter 123, and a lift circulation mechanism 124, which are connected in this order. The ball discharging device 121 is communicated with the ball discharging hole 113, and the lifting circulation mechanism 124 is communicated with the ball inlet hole 112. The ball discharging device 121 is used for collecting the graphite balls discharged from the ball discharging holes 113. The single-row mechanism 122 is used for controlling the discharged graphite nodules to sequentially pass through one another and enter the counter 123 one by one. The counter 123 is used for counting the total number of the discharged graphite nodules. The lifting and circulating mechanism 124 is used for lifting the discharged graphite nodules to the nodule inlet 112, so that the discharged graphite nodules re-enter the accommodating chamber 111 through the nodule inlet 112. During the experiment, the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 are discharged by the nodule discharging device 121, pass through the counter 123 after being single-listed by the single-row mechanism 122, the counter 123 counts the passing graphite nodules, the counted graphite nodules are lifted to the nodule inlet 112 by the lifting circulation mechanism 124, and re-enter the accommodating chamber 111 through the nodule inlet 112, and a new circulation is started.
The experimental device for positioning and tracking the ball flow is characterized in that a ball inlet and a ball outlet are arranged in the accommodating chamber, a ball unloading device, a single-row mechanism, a counter and a lifting circulation mechanism which are sequentially connected are arranged on the external circulation system, the ball unloading device is communicated with the ball unloading hole, the lifting circulation mechanism is communicated with the ball inlet, the graphite balls can be effectively controlled to circularly flow in the accommodating chamber, the graphite balls discharged from the accommodating chamber are counted, and the subsequent operation is facilitated.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 1, computing system 130 includes at least one image acquisition module 131 and a computation module 132. The image acquisition module 131 is disposed around the outside of the accommodation chamber 111. When the transparent plate is employed in the front of the two-dimensional core gantry 110, the image acquisition modules 131 may be disposed in the front of the two-dimensional core gantry 110 to acquire position images of the corresponding respective graphite nodules in the accommodation chamber 111, and when the computing system 130 includes a plurality of image acquisition modules 131, the plurality of image acquisition modules 131 may also be uniformly disposed in the front of the two-dimensional core gantry 110 to acquire a panoramic image of the graphite nodules in the accommodation chamber 111. To ensure that the positional image distortion acquired by each image acquisition module 131 is sufficiently small, each image acquisition module 131 may be disposed at a position sufficiently far from the front of the two-dimensional core gantry 110 to prevent the positional image from being distorted and affecting subsequent positioning calculations.
The calculating module 132 is electrically connected to the image acquiring module 131 and the counter 123, respectively. The counter 123 is used for counting the total number of the discharged graphite nodules and transmitting the total number to the calculating module 132 in real time. The calculating module 132 is configured to, when the total number of the discharged graphite nodules reaches each preset number, respectively control the image obtaining module 131 to obtain position images of corresponding graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111, and respectively associate each position image with the total number of the graphite nodules discharged when the position image is obtained. During the experiment, the counter 123 transmits the count thereof to the calculating module 132 in real time, and the calculating module 132 may set, according to the count, that the image acquiring module 131 acquires the position image of each graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber 111 once through each certain number of graphite nodules, and perform associated recording on the acquired position image and the count of the counter 123 at the corresponding time, and may also record the time interval between two consecutive times of acquiring the position images.
In order to ensure that the graphite nodule can be continuously tracked after the position images are continuously acquired twice, the number of the graphite nodule discharged between the position images continuously acquired twice is required to be not more than a predetermined value, for example, the predetermined value may be: the moving distance of any graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber is not made to be larger than the value of the radius value of the graphite nodule. For example, when the radius of a graphite nodule is 30mm, and the number of discharged nodules between two consecutive position images does not exceed a predetermined value, the moving distance of any graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber may be made not to exceed the radius of the graphite nodule, i.e., a value of 30 mm.
The image acquisition module 131 may automatically transmit the acquired position images to the calculation module 132, and when the calculation system 130 includes a plurality of image acquisition modules 131, the calculation module 132 may further form the position images of the complete two-dimensional core graphite nodule in the containment chamber by image splicing the position images acquired by the image acquisition modules 131, so as to be used subsequently. The computing module 132 is also used to locate and track the ball flow from the position images.
It should be noted that the specific number of the image acquisition modules may be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment does not limit this. For example, there may be 5, 6, 7, etc. image acquisition modules. In addition, the image acquisition module can also adopt a high-definition camera so as to enable the acquired position image to be clearer.
The experimental device for positioning and tracking the spherulites in the embodiment is used for linking the time for acquiring the position images with the counter, controlling the image acquisition module to acquire the position images of each graphite sphere in the accommodating cavity when the image acquisition module acquires a certain accumulated number of discharged spheres by using the counting of the counter, and positioning and tracking the spherulites according to the acquired position images.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 1, the calculation module 132 further includes a machine vision recognition sub-module (not shown). The machine vision identification submodule is used for extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in each position image through the AI model, numbering each graphite nodule, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a space position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules.
The machine vision recognition submodule can automatically recognize all graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 and respectively give unique numbers to the graphite nodules according to the first position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 when the discharged graphite nodules reach the preset number, and the numbers of all graphite nodules are tracked and kept until the graphite nodules leave the accommodating chamber 111. The graphite nodules re-entering the containment chamber 111 from the inlet holes 112 will be identified and tracked using the new numbers until they are discharged from the containment chamber 111. The machine vision identification submodule takes the graphite nodule position in the previous position image as a base point, identifies the graphite nodule which has the position difference with the base point within a specified distance value in the next position image, judges the graphite nodule as the graphite nodule at the previous position and inherits the serial number identification of the graphite nodule. Through continuous identification and marking, the whole-process tracking of all graphite nodules in the accommodating cavity without special marks can be realized.
After extracting the target characteristics of the graphite nodules in each position image through the AI model, the machine vision recognition sub-module can perform efficient and intensive prediction on the graphite nodules in the position images, so as to accurately calculate the central pixel coordinates of each graphite nodule in the position images, and then convert the central pixel coordinates of each graphite nodule into real spatial position coordinates in the accommodating chamber 111 through the calibration relationship between the position images and the positions where the image acquisition modules 131 corresponding to the position images are located, so as to obtain position recognition data of the graphite nodules, thereby forming dynamic trajectory information of a graphite nodule flow field. The machine vision recognition sub-module can combine the position images acquired by the image acquisition modules 131 into a complete two-dimensional core graphite nodule position image rapidly (e.g. within 1 second), and identify the coordinate positions (X, Y) of all graphite nodules therein for subsequent use.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the calculation module 132 is further configured to obtain a flow trajectory curve of the preset graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111 according to the position identification data. The calculation module 132 may connect all the position points of the graphite nodules flowing in the accommodating chamber 111 identified by the machine vision identification sub-module, so as to obtain the flow trajectory curve of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber 111.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the calculation module 132 is further configured to obtain a flow velocity of the predetermined graphite nodules in the predetermined region of the receiving chamber 111 according to the position identification data. The calculating module 132 can calculate the flow speed of a graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber 111 according to the position difference of the graphite nodule in the preset area in two different numbers of the graphite nodule.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, after the calculation module 132 obtains the flow velocity, the calculation module 132 is further configured to count an average flow velocity of graphite nodules in a preset region according to the flow velocities of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset region in the accommodating chamber 111. The calculation module 132 can obtain the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in a predetermined area in the containing chamber 111 by performing statistical calculation on the flow velocity of a sufficient number of graphite nodules in the predetermined area, and the average flow velocity can include the X/Y axis direction, so as to accurately calculate the absolute velocity of the nodule flow in any area of the experimental apparatus.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, the computing system 130 further includes a storage database (not shown), which is electrically connected to the image acquisition module 131 and the computing module 132, respectively. The storage database is used for storing the position images and the position identification data which are related to the total number of the discharged graphite nodules, so that the subsequent research and use are facilitated.
Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 1, computing system 130 may also include an operator station 133 and a display 134. The console 133 is electrically connected to the calculation module 132 and the display 134, respectively, to control the experimental apparatus 100, and displays information such as a position image and position identification data on the display 134.
In another aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a method S100 for locating and tracking a ball flow is provided, where the method S100 employs the experimental apparatus described above, and the specific structure of the experimental apparatus can refer to the related description above, which is not repeated herein. The method S100 includes:
s110, filling the accommodating chamber with graphite nodules, wherein the graphite nodules are discharged from the accommodating chamber under the action of an external circulating system, and enter the accommodating chamber again after passing through the external circulating system so as to realize circulating flow.
And S120, when the number of the graphite nodules discharged to the external circulating system reaches each preset number, acquiring position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber, and positioning and tracking the spherulites according to the position images.
The method for positioning and tracking the graphite nodules in the two-dimensional spherulitic flow model can quickly and accurately detect the absolute positions of all the graphite nodules in the experimental device at any moment without special identification, track the flowing spherulitic flow tracks of all the graphite nodules in the experimental device in a whole process and a whole range, and realize the whole-range, high-precision (millimeter level) and quick (second level) positioning and tracking of the graphite nodules in the two-dimensional spherulitic flow model.
Illustratively, the method S100 further includes: extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in the position images through an AI model, numbering each graphite nodule, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a space position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules. And acquiring a flow trajectory curve and/or a flow speed of a preset graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber according to the position identification data. And connecting all the position points of any graphite nodule flowing in the accommodating chamber to obtain the flow locus curve of the graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber. According to the position difference of a certain graphite nodule in a preset region in the accommodating chamber under two different states of the number of the graphite nodule discharged, the flow speed of the graphite nodule in the preset region can be calculated. After the flow velocity is obtained, the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in the preset region is counted according to the flow velocity of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset region in the accommodating cavity, and the larger the number of the plurality of preset graphite nodules is, the closer the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in the preset region obtained through counting is to the actual value of the graphite nodules, so that the absolute velocity of the nodular flow in any region of the experimental device is accurately calculated.
Illustratively, when the number of graphite nodules discharged to the external circulation system is N, the spatial position coordinates of the preset graphite nodules are changed from (X, Y) to (X)1-Y1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the X-axis direction in the preset area is (X-X)1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the Y-axis direction in the preset area is (Y-Y)1) meter/N ball.
The sphere flow positioning and tracking method of the embodiment creatively adopts 'meter/sphere' to represent the flow velocity of graphite spheres in an experiment, and the sphere flow velocity identification method of the 'meter/sphere' perfectly avoids the influence of factors such as unstable sphere discharging speed of an external circulation system, experiment pause and the like on the sphere flow velocity identification in the experiment process, so that the calculated sphere flow absolute velocity of any region of the experiment device is more accurate.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The experimental device for positioning and tracking the spherical flow is characterized by comprising a two-dimensional reactor core rack, an external circulation system and a computing system;
the two-dimensional reactor core rack is provided with a containing cavity, so that a plurality of graphite nodules can be flatly laid in the containing cavity in a single layer manner;
the external circulation system is communicated with the accommodating chamber so as to enable the graphite nodules to circularly flow in the accommodating chamber;
the computing system is electrically connected with the external circulating system so as to obtain position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber when the graphite nodules discharged from the accommodating chamber reach a preset number, and realize the positioning and tracking of the spherulites flow according to the position images;
the external circulating system comprises a ball unloading device, a single-row mechanism, a counter and a lifting circulating mechanism which are connected in sequence;
the computing system comprises at least one image acquisition module and a computing module, the image acquisition module is annularly arranged outside the accommodating chamber, and the computing module is electrically connected with the image acquisition module and the counter respectively;
the counter is used for counting the total number of the discharged graphite nodules and transmitting the number to the computing module in real time;
the calculating module is configured to respectively control the image obtaining module to obtain position images of corresponding graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber when the total number of the discharged graphite nodules reaches each preset number, and respectively associate each position image with the total number of the discharged graphite nodules when the position image is obtained;
the computing module is further used for positioning and tracking the ball flow according to each position image;
the computing module further comprises a machine vision recognition sub-module;
the machine vision identification submodule is used for extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in the position images through an AI model, numbering each graphite nodule, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a spatial position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules.
2. The experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accommodation chamber is provided with a ball inlet and a ball discharge hole, the ball discharge device is communicated with the ball discharge hole, and the lifting circulation mechanism is communicated with the ball inlet.
3. The experimental device of claim 1, wherein the computing module is further configured to:
according to the position identification data, obtaining a flow track curve of a preset graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber;
the calculation module is further to:
and acquiring the flow speed of a preset graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber according to the position identification data.
4. The experimental device of claim 3, wherein after the calculation module obtains the flow velocity, the calculation module is further configured to:
and calculating the average flow velocity of the graphite nodules in the preset area according to the flow velocity of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset area in the accommodating chamber.
5. The experimental device of claim 1, wherein the computing system further comprises a storage database electrically connected to the image acquisition module and the computing module, respectively;
and the storage database is used for storing the position images related to the total number of the discharged graphite nodules and the position identification data.
6. A method for locating and tracking a ball flow, which is characterized by using the experimental device of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps:
filling an accommodating chamber with graphite nodules, wherein the graphite nodules are discharged from the accommodating chamber under the action of an external circulating system, pass through the external circulating system and then enter the accommodating chamber again to realize circulating flow;
when the number of the graphite nodules discharged to the external circulating system reaches each preset number, acquiring position images of the graphite nodules in the accommodating chamber, and positioning and tracking the graphite nodules according to the position images;
the acquiring of the position images of the graphite nodules in the containing chamber and the positioning and tracking of the spherulites according to the position images comprises:
respectively controlling the image acquisition module to acquire position images of each corresponding graphite nodule in the accommodating chamber, and respectively associating each position image with the total number of the discharged graphite nodules when the position image is acquired;
extracting target characteristics of graphite nodules in the position images through an AI model, numbering each graphite nodule, determining a central pixel coordinate of each graphite nodule, and converting the central pixel coordinate into a space position coordinate to obtain position identification data of the graphite nodules.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
according to the position identification data, obtaining a flow trajectory curve and/or a flow speed of a preset graphite nodule in a preset area in the accommodating chamber;
after the flow velocity is obtained, the average flow velocity of graphite nodules in the preset area is counted according to the flow velocity of a plurality of preset graphite nodules in the preset area in the containing cavity.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the spatial position coordinates of the preset graphite nodules are changed from (X, Y) to (X) when the number of graphite nodules discharged to the external circulation system is N1-Y1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the X-axis direction in the preset area is (X-X)1) The flow speed of the preset graphite nodules in the Y-axis direction in the preset area is (Y-Y)1) meter/N ball.
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