CN113450441B - Rendering method and device of three-dimensional virtual model and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Rendering method and device of three-dimensional virtual model and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rendering method and device of a three-dimensional virtual model and electronic equipment. Wherein, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered; determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point displacement vector characterizes the growth direction and growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; determining a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point location gradient value represents the growth speed of the top point of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model; and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point gradient value to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space. The invention solves the technical problem of inaccurate growth speed of the existing virtual model during growth rendering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of real-time rendering of three-dimensional graphics of computers, in particular to a rendering method and device of a three-dimensional virtual model and electronic equipment.
Background
In the real world, the growth of tree-like structured objects is a common natural phenomenon, such as lightning spread, coral growth, tree branch growth, and the like. With the development of graphics rendering technology, the growing process of how to reproduce tree-structured objects in virtual game scenes is increasingly a hot spot.
At present, in the related art of the growing process of the tree-shaped object, each branch of the tree-shaped object is usually represented by a quadrilateral patch attached with a branch texture, and the quadrilateral patch cannot accurately restore the three-dimensional geometric features of the branches, so that the turning points of the branches generate defects of overlapping and vacancy. In addition, in the prior art, the tree-shaped structure object cannot grow at a uniform growth rate, so that the growth rate of the tree-shaped structure object is inaccurate.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a rendering method and device of a three-dimensional virtual model and electronic equipment, which at least solve the technical problem that the growth speed of the existing virtual model is inaccurate when the existing virtual model is subjected to growth rendering.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rendering method of a three-dimensional virtual model, including: acquiring a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered; determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point displacement vector characterizes the growth direction and growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; determining a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point location gradient value represents the growth speed of the top point of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model; and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point gradient value to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space.
Further, the three-dimensional virtual model is a three-dimensional mesh body model.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: after the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered is obtained, a bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model is created, wherein the bone curve represents the contour characteristics of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: acquiring a vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model; determining a reference point corresponding to each vertex in the vertex set from the bone curve; and calculating a direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: determining a current vertex from the set of vertices; determining a plurality of reference points within a first preset range from the bone curve; and determining a target reference point corresponding to the current vertex from the plurality of reference points according to the distance between each reference point in the plurality of reference points and the current vertex.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: acquiring a normal direction corresponding to a current vertex; determining a cone area which takes the reverse direction of the normal direction as the axial direction; a first preset range is determined according to the cone area.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: calculating a target distance between the current vertex and a target reference point, wherein the target distance represents a growth increment of the current vertex; and calculating a unit vector between the current vertex and the target reference point, wherein the unit vector represents the growth direction of the current vertex.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: after calculating the direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, converting the direction vector from the world space to the model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located, and storing the direction vector into the vertex data of the grid body.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial point coordinate and a terminal point coordinate of a skeleton curve; calculating the maximum arc length between the initial point coordinate and the end point coordinate; acquiring a reference point corresponding to each vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model; calculating the initial arc length between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and the initial point coordinate; and normalizing the initial arc length based on the maximum arc length to obtain a point position gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: after determining the point location gradient values of the three-dimensional virtual model, mapping coordinates of the reference points of the bone curve into vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the point location displacement vector and the point location gradient values such that the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the bone curve.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: calculating the gradient change rate of the point position gradient value along with the change of time; determining the displacement degree of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the growth increment corresponding to the point displacement vector and the gradient change rate; and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model frame by frame based on the growth direction and the displacement degree corresponding to the point displacement vector to generate the growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: acquiring a first coefficient, wherein the first coefficient is used for adjusting the growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; calculating the product of the first coefficient and time to obtain a first result; calculating a difference value between the first result and the point location gradient value to obtain a second result; and mapping the second result in a second preset range to obtain the gradient change rate.
Further, the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model further comprises the following steps: after the gradient change rate of the point position gradient value changing along with time is calculated, a second coefficient is obtained, wherein the second coefficient is used for adjusting the gradient change rate; performing linear interpolation on the gradient change rate based on the second coefficient, and mapping the gradient change rate to a third preset range; and mapping the gradient change rate from the third preset range to the second preset range.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model, including: the system comprises an acquisition module, a rendering module and a rendering module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered; the system comprises a first processing module, a second processing module and a third processing module, wherein the first processing module is used for determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, and the point displacement vector represents the growth direction and growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; the second processing module is used for determining a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point location gradient value represents the growth speed of the top point of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model; and the rendering module is used for updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point position gradient value to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above-mentioned rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model when running.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a method for running a program, wherein the program is arranged to perform the above-described method of rendering a three-dimensional virtual model when running.
In the embodiment of the invention, a mode of realizing the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the point displacement vector and the point gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model is adopted, after the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered is obtained, the growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model is generated by determining the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value, wherein the point displacement vector characterizes the growth direction and the growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space, and the point gradient value characterizes the growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model, and the growth animation characterizes the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space.
In the process, the growth direction, growth increment and growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model are irrelevant to the length of the quadrilateral patch and are determined by the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, so that the problem of inaccurate growth speed caused by setting the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art can be solved, and the problems of overlapping and vacancy of turning positions existing in the quadrilateral patch can be solved. In addition, in the process, the lengths of the patches forming the three-dimensional virtual model do not need to be scaled, so that the problem of high real-time rendering cost caused by scaling the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art is solved, and the real-time rendering cost is reduced. Finally, the three-dimensional virtual model is directly processed, and the growth effect of the three-dimensional virtual model is not realized based on the one-dimensional gradient texture on the plane, so that the growth process of the cross section direction of the branches can be realized.
Therefore, the purpose of realizing the growth effect of the virtual model is achieved by the scheme provided by the application, the technical effect of ensuring the accuracy of the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model is realized, and the technical problem that the growth speed of the existing virtual model is inaccurate when the existing virtual model is subjected to growth rendering is solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a tree-structured object according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gradient diagram of a tree-structured object according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a limb of a tree structure object according to the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for rendering a three-dimensional virtual model according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alternative rendering process for a three-dimensional virtual model according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an alternative three-dimensional virtual model in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an alternative method of determining a reference point according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an alternative binary tree in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an embodiment of a method for rendering a three-dimensional virtual model, it should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than here.
In addition, it should be further noted that the rendering terminal may serve as an execution main body of the embodiment, where the rendering terminal may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet, a computer, and the like, and for example, in a game scene, the rendering terminal may be a terminal running a game.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a rendering method of a three-dimensional virtual model according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the method includes the following steps:
step S402, obtaining a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered.
In step S402, the three-dimensional virtual model may be a three-dimensional mesh model, wherein, in the present embodiment, the three-dimensional virtual model may be a virtual model of an object having a tree structure, such as lightning, coral, tree limb, and the like.
In an optional embodiment, after receiving the rendering instruction, the rendering terminal determines the type of the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered according to the rendering instruction, and when determining that the type of the three-dimensional virtual model is the tree-structured object, the rendering terminal obtains the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered, and renders the three-dimensional virtual model by using the rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model provided in this embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the prior art, the growth effect of the tree-like structure object is usually realized based on the one-dimensional gradient texture on the plane, and therefore, the existing solution cannot represent the growth process in the cross section direction of the branch. As can be seen from step S402, in this embodiment, the rendering terminal may directly process the three-dimensional virtual model, instead of realizing the growth effect of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the one-dimensional gradient texture on the plane, so that the rendering terminal may realize the growth effect in the cross section direction of the branch, which cannot be realized by the prior art.
Step S404, determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
In step S404, the point location displacement quantities characterize the growth direction and growth increment of the vertices of the three-dimensional virtual model in three-dimensional space. The direction of the point displacement vector represents the growth direction of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space, and the length corresponding to the point displacement vector represents the growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space.
Optionally, fig. 5 shows an optional rendering process of a three-dimensional virtual model, as can be seen from fig. 5, in this embodiment, the rendering process of the three-dimensional virtual model mainly includes two stages, namely a model preprocessing stage and a real-time rendering stage, where the model preprocessing stage includes a point displacement vector calculation stage and a point gradient value calculation stage. In the point displacement vector calculation stage, the rendering terminal may determine a point displacement vector including a growth direction and a growth increment of the three-dimensional virtual model, and in the point gradient value calculation stage, the rendering terminal may determine a point gradient value including a growth velocity of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Step S406, determining a point gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model.
In step S406, the point location gradient value represents a growing speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model during the growing process of the three-dimensional virtual model.
It should be noted that, as can be seen from the above, the calculation of the point gradient value is independent of the patch length of the three-dimensional virtual model, that is, in this embodiment, the growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model is independent of the patch length of the three-dimensional virtual model, so that the problem of inaccurate growth speed caused by setting the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art can be avoided.
And step S408, updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point position gradient value, and generating a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space.
It should be noted that, in the related art of the growing process of the tree-shaped object, each branch of the tree-shaped object is usually represented by a polygonal patch attached with a branch texture, for example, in the schematic diagram of the tree-shaped object shown in fig. 1, a quadrilateral patch represents a branch. Then, the threshold value is cut according to the gradient graph along the growth direction of the branches and is used as the transparency of the branches, and therefore the effect that the branches grow along the time is achieved. Wherein, fig. 2 is a gradient diagram of the tree-like structure object.
However, because the prior art uses quadrilateral patches connected in the first place, and the quadrilateral patches cannot accurately restore the three-dimensional geometric features of the branches, the turning points of the branches are prone to generate overlapping and vacant flaws, for example, in the branch diagram of the tree-structured object shown in fig. 3, at the turning points of the branches, two quadrilateral patches have overlapping and vacant flaws when connected.
In addition, the gradient map corresponding to the tree-like structure object is distributed based on the quadrilateral patches, as can be seen from fig. 2, the gradient direction corresponding to the tree-like structure object is distributed along the growth direction of the tree-like structure object, and the lengths of the quadrilateral patches may not be the same, so that the tree-like structure object cannot grow at a uniform growth rate, and the growth rate of the tree-like structure object is inaccurate. Although the growing speed of the tree-structured object can be scaled according to the length change of the quadrilateral patch in practical application to obtain the effect of uniform growing, the real-time rendering overhead is increased at the same time.
As can be seen from steps S402 to S408 in the present application, the point displacement and the point gradient value include the growth direction, the growth increment, and the growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model, and thus, the growth direction, the growth increment, and the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model are independent of the length of the quadrilateral patch, which can avoid the problem of inaccurate growth speed caused by setting the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art, and can also avoid the problems of overlapping and vacancy at the turning point of the quadrilateral patch. In addition, in the process, the lengths of the patches forming the three-dimensional virtual model do not need to be scaled, so that the problem of high real-time rendering cost caused by scaling the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art is solved, and the real-time rendering cost is reduced.
Based on the solutions defined in steps S402 to S408, it can be known that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a manner of implementing a growth process of a three-dimensional virtual model based on a point displacement vector and a point gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model is adopted, after the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered is obtained, a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model is generated by determining the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, and updating and rendering a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value, where the point displacement vector represents a growth direction and a growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space, and the point gradient value represents a growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model, and the growth animation represents a growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space.
It is easy to note that, in the above process, the growth direction, growth increment and growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model are not related to the length of the quadrilateral patch, but determined by calculating the point displacement vector and the point displacement gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, so that the problem of inaccurate growth speed caused by setting the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art can be avoided, and the problems of overlapping and vacancy of turning positions existing in the quadrilateral patch can be avoided. In addition, in the process, the lengths of the patches forming the three-dimensional virtual model do not need to be scaled, so that the problem of high real-time rendering cost caused by scaling the length of the quadrilateral patch in the prior art is solved, and the real-time rendering cost is reduced. Finally, the three-dimensional virtual model is directly processed, and the growth effect of the three-dimensional virtual model is not realized based on the one-dimensional gradient texture on the plane, so that the growth process of the cross section direction of the branches can be realized.
Therefore, the purpose of realizing the growth effect of the virtual model is achieved by the scheme provided by the application, the technical effect of ensuring the accuracy of the growth speed of the three-dimensional virtual model is realized, and the technical problem that the growth speed of the existing virtual model is inaccurate when the existing virtual model is subjected to growth rendering is solved.
In an alternative embodiment, after obtaining the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered, the rendering terminal creates a bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the bone curve characterizes a contour of the three-dimensional virtual model.
It should be noted that the bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model is a central axis curve of the three-dimensional virtual model, for example, in the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the three-dimensional virtual model shown in fig. 6, a black curve is a central axis curve of the three-dimensional virtual model, i.e., a bone curve. As can be seen in fig. 6, the bone curves spread along the midline propagation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Optionally, the bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model may be manually created by a professional graphic processor in three-dimensional computer graphics software according to the contour modeling of the three-dimensional virtual model, or may be automatically created by using a preset tool provided by the three-dimensional computer graphics software. In addition, the bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model retains the key features (i.e. the profile features) of the three-dimensional virtual model, for example, the bone curve can represent the branching nodes, the nodes at the turning points and the connection relations among the nodes of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Further, after obtaining a bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal determines a point location displacement and a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the bone curve.
In an optional embodiment, in the process of determining the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal first obtains a vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model, then determines a reference point corresponding to each vertex in the vertex set from the bone curve, and finally calculates a direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
It should be noted that the vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model may be set in a preset storage area on the rendering terminal, where the preset storage area stores vertex position information of the three-dimensional virtual model. In addition, the reference point is not a vertex but a point on the bone curve.
Optionally, the rendering terminal obtains a vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model from a preset storage region, then traverses each vertex from the vertex set, and determines a reference point corresponding to the vertex from the bone curve. After the reference points are determined, a direction vector between the vertex and the corresponding reference point is calculated, and the direction vector is a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
In the process of determining the reference point from the bone curve, the rendering terminal can select from a preset range on the bone curve to determine the reference point. Specifically, the rendering terminal determines a current vertex from the vertex set, then determines a plurality of reference points within a first preset range from the bone curve, and determines a target reference point corresponding to the current vertex from the plurality of reference points according to a distance between each reference point of the plurality of reference points and the current vertex.
Optionally, the rendering terminal first obtains a normal direction corresponding to the current vertex, then determines a cone area with a reverse direction of the normal direction as an axial direction, and determines a first preset range according to the cone area.
The current vertex is any vertex in the vertex set. The first preset range is a range determined by a cone body whose axial direction is the reverse direction of the normal of the current vertex, for example, a schematic diagram of determining a reference point shown in fig. 7, where the reference point is located in the cone body whose axial direction is the reverse direction of the normal of the vertex. The open included angle of the cone area is a preset value, the preset value can be an empirical value, a professional graphic processing person determines according to a traversal result of a plurality of reference points in a first preset range in the skeleton curve, if the preset value is smaller, the rendering terminal can not find the corresponding reference point, and at the moment, the professional graphic processing person can reset a new preset value according to needs; if the preset value is set to be larger, the traversal time of the rendering terminal may be increased, and the rendering efficiency of the three-dimensional virtual model is reduced.
Further, after the first preset range is determined, the rendering terminal searches a point closest to the current vertex in the first preset range from the skeleton curve, and sets the point as a corresponding reference point of the vertex of the three-dimensional network virtual model on the skeleton curve.
Furthermore, after the reference points are determined, the rendering terminal calculates the direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model. Specifically, the rendering terminal calculates a target distance between the current vertex and a target reference point, and calculates a unit vector between the current vertex and the target reference point, where the target distance represents a growth increment of the current vertex, and the unit vector represents a growth direction of the current vertex.
It should be noted that, after obtaining the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal stores the distance between the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model and the reference point in the mesh body vertex data, that is, the rendering terminal stores the growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the mesh body vertex data, for example, the mesh body vertex data may be stored in the vpass of texture coordinates, that is, the growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model is stored in the vpass. In addition, the mesh volume vertex data includes, but is not limited to, position information of vertices, color information of vertices, texture information, and the like.
In an optional embodiment, after calculating a direction vector between a reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal converts the direction vector from a world space to a model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located, and stores the direction vector into the vertex data of the mesh body.
The model space in which the three-dimensional virtual model is located is a space coordinate system with the axis of the three-dimensional virtual model itself as the origin, and the world space is a space coordinate system with the world center as the origin. If the world space vector is not converted into the local space, the moving direction of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model deviates from the correct direction if the three-dimensional virtual model is subjected to displacement rotation during the real-time rendering process. After the direction vector is converted from the world space to the model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located, the problems can be avoided.
Optionally, in the process of converting the direction vector from the world space to the model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located, the rendering terminal may perform dot product operation on the direction vector in the world space and three components of the basis vector of the model space, so as to implement conversion of the direction vector between the world space and the model space. After the rendering terminal converts the unit vectors pointing to the vertices of the three-dimensional virtual model from the reference point (i.e., the unit vectors of the above-described direction vectors) into the model space, the converted unit vectors are stored into the mesh volume vertex data. Here, the mesh volume vertex data may include color information, normal information, UVW information, and the like of the vertex.
In an optional embodiment, in the process of determining the point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal first obtains an initial point coordinate and a distal point coordinate of the bone curve, and calculates a maximum arc length between the initial point coordinate and the distal point coordinate, then obtains a reference point corresponding to each vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model, and calculates an initial arc length between a reference point corresponding to each vertex and the initial point coordinate, and finally normalizes the initial arc length based on the maximum arc length to obtain the point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model.
In this embodiment, the growth variation process of the three-dimensional virtual model may be defined by using normalized point gradient values on the bone curve, for example, if the gradient value of the root end point of the three-dimensional virtual model is defined as 0, and the tip point farthest from the arc length of the root end point is 1, the gradient value of the vertex between the two points varies in proportion to the arc length of the root end point between 0 and 1.
Optionally, the rendering terminal first traverses the arc lengths between the initial point coordinate and all the distal point coordinates on the skeleton curve, and determines the maximum arc length to obtain the distal point coordinate with the maximum distance from the initial point arc length, wherein the arc length corresponding to the vertex between the initial point coordinate and the distal point coordinate may be implemented using a shortest path algorithm, for example, an a-method. For example, the binary tree shown in fig. 8 can be described as two curves, where curve one has a starting point a, a path branching point b, and an ending point c; the starting point of the curve two is a, the path bifurcation point b and the end point is d. The rendering terminal needs to count the arc lengths of the first curve a-b-c and the second curve a-b-d and determine the maximum arc length from them. In the traversal searching process, the rendering terminal updates and records the arc length between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and the initial point coordinate, and then compares the arc length with the maximum arc length to obtain the point position gradient values of all the reference points on the skeleton curve, wherein the point position gradient value is a normalization parameter, the initial point is 0, the farthest end point is 1, and the gradient values of other points are changed from 0 to 1 in proportion.
In an alternative embodiment, after determining the point location gradient values of the three-dimensional virtual model, the rendering terminal maps the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model into coordinates of the reference points of the bone curve based on the point location displacement vector and the point location gradient values such that the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the bone curve. That is, the rendering terminal maps the point location gradient value to the mesh vertex data, where the mesh vertex data may be stored in u channel of texture coordinates, that is, the u channel stores the growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model. And finally, the rendering terminal puts the coordinates of the reference point of the skeleton curve into the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model, so that the vertexes of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the skeleton curve to wait for the next-stage rendering.
It should be noted that, after the model preprocessing stage, all the vertices of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the path of the skeleton curve, and the three-dimensional virtual model looks like a curve and has no sense of volume, so that in the initial state of the three-dimensional virtual model, all the triangular patches constituting the three-dimensional virtual model have an area of 0, i.e., are invisible. The vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model is updated to a predefined position from an initial position along with time, so that the triangular patches forming the three-dimensional virtual model are gradually enlarged, and the growth effect of the three-dimensional virtual model can be obtained.
In the real-time rendering stage, the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model is mainly subjected to displacement processing, namely, the vertex is subjected to coloring rendering, and the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model are updated frame by frame so as to generate the growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Specifically, the rendering terminal calculates a gradient change rate of the point position gradient value changing along with time, then determines a displacement degree of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model based on a growth increment and the gradient change rate corresponding to the point displacement vector, and performs frame-by-frame updating rendering on the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model based on a growth direction and the displacement degree corresponding to the point displacement vector to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Alternatively, the change of the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model can be obtained by the following formula:
ΔP＝DFv
in the above formula, D is a unit vector of the reference point pointing to the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the model preprocessing stage, that is, a unit vector corresponding to the point location displacement vector, F is a gradient change rate, v is a growth increment of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model, and Δ P represents a coordinate change of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model along the unit vector D.
In an optional embodiment, in the process of calculating the gradient change rate of the point location gradient value changing with time, the rendering terminal first obtains a first coefficient, then calculates a product of the first coefficient and time to obtain a first result, calculates a difference between the first result and the point location gradient value to obtain a second result, and finally maps the second result in a second preset range to obtain the gradient change rate. Wherein the first coefficient is used for adjusting the growth speed of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space.
Alternatively, the gradient change rate may be determined by:
F＝min(max(Tm-u,0),1)
in the above formula, F is the gradient rate, m is the first coefficient, T is time, and u is the point gradient value.
Note that the range of the dot gradient value is defined between 0 and 1 by the above formula.
Furthermore, after calculating the gradient change rate of the point gradient value changing along with time, the rendering terminal adjusts the gradient change rate, so that the range of the gradient change rate is limited between 0 and 1. Specifically, the rendering terminal first obtains a second coefficient, performs linear interpolation on the gradient change rate based on the second coefficient, maps the gradient change rate to a third preset range, and maps the gradient change rate from the third preset range to the second preset range. Wherein the second coefficient is used to adjust the gradient change rate.
Optionally, the rendering terminal maps the gradient change rate F to a range from-F to F +1 through a linear interpolation function, as shown in the following formula:
F＝F(2f+1)-f
in the above equation, f is the second coefficient.
Then, the rendering terminal limits the range of the gradient change rate to between 0 and 1 by:
F＝min(max(F,0),1)
as can be seen from the above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a rendering method for a three-dimensional virtual model, which includes a model preprocessing stage for determining a point displacement vector and a point gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, and a rendering stage.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model is further provided, where fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the apparatus includes: an acquisition module 901, a first processing module 903, a second processing module 905, and a rendering module 907.
The acquiring module 901 is configured to acquire a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered; a first processing module 903, configured to determine a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, where the point displacement vector represents a growth direction and a growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; the second processing module 905 is configured to determine a point gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, where the point gradient value represents a growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model during a growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model; and the rendering module 907 is configured to update and render the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point gradient value, and generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, where the growth animation represents a growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space.
It should be noted that the acquiring module 901, the first processing module 903, the second processing module 905, and the rendering module 907 correspond to steps S402 to S408 in the foregoing embodiment, and the four modules are the same as the corresponding steps in the implementation example and application scenario, but are not limited to the disclosure in the foregoing embodiment.
Optionally, the three-dimensional virtual model is a three-dimensional mesh model.
Optionally, the rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model further includes: the creating module is used for creating a bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model after the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered is obtained, wherein the bone curve represents the contour characteristics of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Optionally, the first processing module includes: the device comprises a first acquisition module, a first determination module and a third calculation module. The first acquisition module is used for acquiring a vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model; the first determining module is used for determining a reference point corresponding to each vertex in the vertex set from the bone curve; and the third calculation module is used for calculating the direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Optionally, the first determining module includes: the device comprises a second determination module, a third determination module and a fourth determination module. The second determining module is used for determining a current vertex from the vertex set; a third determination module, configured to determine a plurality of reference points from the bone curve within a first predetermined range; and the fourth determining module is used for determining the target reference point corresponding to the current vertex from the plurality of reference points according to the distance between each reference point in the plurality of reference points and the current vertex.
Optionally, the rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model further includes: the device comprises a second obtaining module, a fifth determining module and a sixth determining module. The second obtaining module is used for obtaining the normal direction corresponding to the current vertex; the fifth determining module is used for determining a cone area which takes the reverse direction of the normal direction as the axial direction; and the sixth determining module is used for determining the first preset range according to the cone area.
Optionally, the third computing module includes: a fourth calculation module and a fifth calculation module. The fourth calculation module is used for calculating a target distance between the current vertex and a target reference point, wherein the target distance represents a growth increment of the current vertex; and the fifth calculation module is used for calculating a unit vector between the current vertex and the target reference point, wherein the unit vector represents the growth direction of the current vertex.
Optionally, the rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model further includes: and the conversion module is used for converting the direction vector from the world space to the model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located after calculating the direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain the point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, and storing the direction vector into the vertex data of the grid body.
Optionally, the second processing module includes: the device comprises a third acquisition module, a sixth calculation module, a fourth acquisition module, a seventh calculation module and a processing module. The third acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial point coordinate and the terminal point coordinate of the bone curve; the sixth calculation module is used for calculating the maximum arc length between the initial point coordinate and the terminal point coordinate; the fourth acquisition module is used for acquiring a reference point corresponding to each vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model; the seventh calculation module is used for calculating the initial arc length between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and the initial point coordinate; and the processing module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the initial arc length based on the maximum arc length to obtain a point position gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Optionally, the rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model further includes: and the first mapping module is used for mapping the coordinates of the reference point of the skeleton curve into the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the point location displacement vector and the point location gradient value after the point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model is determined, so that the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the skeleton curve.
Optionally, the rendering module includes: an eighth calculation module, a seventh determination module, and a rendering sub-module. The eighth calculating module is used for calculating the gradient change rate of the point gradient value along with the change of time; the seventh determining module is used for determining the displacement degree of the top point of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the growth increment and the gradient change rate corresponding to the point displacement vector; and the rendering submodule is used for updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model frame by frame based on the growth direction and the displacement degree corresponding to the point displacement vector to generate the growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
Optionally, the eighth calculating module includes: the device comprises a fifth acquisition module, a ninth calculation module, a tenth calculation module and a second mapping module. The fifth obtaining module is configured to obtain a first coefficient, where the first coefficient is used to adjust a growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space; a ninth calculating module, configured to calculate a product of the first coefficient and time to obtain a first result; the tenth calculating module is used for calculating a difference value between the first result and the point location gradient value to obtain a second result; and the second mapping module is used for mapping the second result in a second preset range to obtain the gradient change rate.
Optionally, the rendering apparatus for a three-dimensional virtual model further includes: the device comprises a sixth obtaining module, a third mapping module and a fourth mapping module. The sixth obtaining module is configured to obtain a second coefficient after calculating a gradient change rate of the point location gradient value changing with time, where the second coefficient is used to adjust the gradient change rate; the third mapping module is used for performing linear interpolation on the gradient change rate based on the second coefficient and mapping the gradient change rate to a third preset range; and the fourth mapping module is used for mapping the gradient change rate from the third preset range to the second preset range.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the above-mentioned rendering method of the three-dimensional virtual model when running.
According to another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including one or more processors; a storage device for storing one or more programs which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a method for running a program, wherein the program is arranged to perform the above-described method of rendering a three-dimensional virtual model when running.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology can be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A rendering method of a three-dimensional virtual model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered;
determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point displacement vector characterizes a growth direction and a growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space;
determining a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point location gradient value represents a growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model;
and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point position gradient value to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space, and the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model is obtained by updating the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model from an initial position to a predefined position along with time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional virtual model is a three-dimensional mesh model.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after obtaining the three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered, the method further comprises:
creating a bone curve of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the bone curve characterizes a contour feature of the three-dimensional virtual model.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining a point displacement vector for the three-dimensional virtual model comprises:
acquiring a vertex set of the three-dimensional virtual model;
determining a reference point corresponding to each vertex in the vertex set from the bone curve;
and calculating a direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining a reference point corresponding to each vertex in the set of vertices from the bone curve comprises:
determining a current vertex from the set of vertices;
determining a plurality of reference points within a first preset range from the bone curve;
and determining a target reference point corresponding to the current vertex from the plurality of reference points according to the distance between each reference point in the plurality of reference points and the current vertex.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
acquiring a normal direction corresponding to the current vertex;
determining a cone area which takes the reverse direction of the normal direction as an axial direction;
and determining the first preset range according to the cone area.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein calculating a direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex to obtain a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model comprises:
calculating a target distance between the current vertex and the target reference point, wherein the target distance characterizes a growth increment of the current vertex;
calculating a unit vector between the current vertex and the target reference point, wherein the unit vector characterizes a growth direction of the current vertex.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein after calculating the direction vector between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and each vertex, obtaining the point location displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, the method further comprises:
and converting the direction vector from the world space to the model space where the three-dimensional virtual model is located, and storing the direction vector into the vertex data of the grid body.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein determining point location gradient values for the three-dimensional virtual model comprises:
acquiring the initial point coordinate and the terminal point coordinate of the skeleton curve;
calculating a maximum arc length between the initial point coordinate and the tip point coordinate;
acquiring a reference point corresponding to each vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model;
calculating an initial arc length between the reference point corresponding to each vertex and the initial point coordinate;
and normalizing the initial arc length based on the maximum arc length to obtain a point position gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein after determining the point location gradient values for the three-dimensional virtual model, the method further comprises:
mapping coordinates of a reference point of the bone curve into vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the point displacement vector and the point location gradient value such that the vertex coordinates of the three-dimensional virtual model are arranged along the bone curve.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein performing an updated rendering of vertices of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the point displacement vectors and the point location gradient values to generate a growing animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, comprises:
calculating the gradient change rate of the point position gradient value along with the change of time;
determining the displacement degree of the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model based on the growth increment corresponding to the point displacement vector and the gradient change rate;
and updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model frame by frame based on the growth direction corresponding to the point displacement vector and the displacement degree, and generating a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein calculating a gradient rate of change of the point location gradient values over time comprises:
acquiring a first coefficient, wherein the first coefficient is used for adjusting the growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space;
calculating the product of the first coefficient and time to obtain a first result;
calculating a difference value between the first result and the point location gradient value to obtain a second result;
and mapping the second result in a second preset range to obtain the gradient change rate.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein after calculating a gradient rate of change of the point location gradient values over time, the method further comprises:
obtaining a second coefficient, wherein the second coefficient is used for adjusting the gradient change rate;
performing linear interpolation on the gradient change rate based on the second coefficient, and mapping the gradient change rate to a third preset range;
mapping the gradient change rate from the third preset range to the second preset range.
14. An apparatus for rendering a three-dimensional virtual model, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a rendering module and a rendering module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a three-dimensional virtual model to be rendered;
the first processing module is used for determining a point displacement vector of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point displacement vector represents a growth direction and a growth increment of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in a three-dimensional space;
the second processing module is used for determining a point location gradient value of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the point location gradient value represents the growth speed of a vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model in the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model;
and the rendering module is used for updating and rendering the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model according to the point displacement vector and the point position gradient value to generate a growth animation of the three-dimensional virtual model, wherein the growth animation represents the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model in the three-dimensional space, and the growth process of the three-dimensional virtual model is obtained by updating the vertex of the three-dimensional virtual model from an initial position to a predefined position along with time.
15. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is arranged to execute a method of rendering a three-dimensional virtual model according to any one of claims 1 to 13 when running.
16. An electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises one or more processors; storage means for storing one or more programs which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to carry out a method for running a program, wherein the program is arranged to carry out the method for rendering a three-dimensional virtual model according to any one of claims 1 to 13 when run.
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