CN113450183B - Block chain-based electric automobile P2P power transaction method, system and equipment - Google Patents
Block chain-based electric automobile P2P power transaction method, system and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of power transaction, and discloses a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method, a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction system and blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction equipment, wherein the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method comprises the following steps of: according to the electric power trading range of the electric automobile, solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization in each electric power trading area to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power trading area, simulating trading competition among the electric power trading areas, and obtaining energy quotations of the electric power trading areas and energy demand of the electric automobile; obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area, and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area; and selecting an energy distribution scheme according to the energy demand of the electric automobile in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme. The method is suitable for the actual electric power trade market, improves the practicability of the electric power trade method, and achieves maximization of multiparty benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power transaction, and relates to a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method, system and equipment.
Background
Under the environment of green, low-carbon and energy-saving traffic, traditional automobile enterprises change over to new energy resources, and automobile purchasing consumers are also more and more prone to selecting electric automobiles. The large increase in the number of electric vehicles will lead to problems such as increased power loss, overload of transformers and cables, and reduced power quality. The technology progress of renewable energy power generation and related industries and the orderly promotion of new power system reform promote the active participation of energy consumers in power transaction, become energy producers and consumers, and greatly rush into the market of electricity selling sides to participate in competition. By reasonably scheduling and managing resources of producers and consumers, local electric energy sharing can be realized, and the system has the advantages of on-site energy consumption, capacity expansion of distribution network, operation cost reduction and the like. The key problem in the electric power transaction is how to design a flexible and effective transaction mechanism, and realize effective configuration of energy resources. Because of the huge number of producers and consumers in the distribution network, the single transaction scale is small, and the conventional centralized transaction of the distribution network can solve the problems of low operation efficiency and long decision time consumption.
To solve the above problems, an electric vehicle Peer-to-Peer (P2P) power transaction mode supported by an interactive energy mechanism (Transactive energy, TE) is proposed. In the P2P power transaction, all participating electric vehicles are used as "producers" and select to purchase required electric quantity or sell redundant electric quantity from other electric vehicles according to the self energy condition. Through a reasonable mechanism, the self-management operation of the producers and the consumers in the P2P trade market can be realized, so that the problem of centralized operation and hypodynamia of the producers and the consumers is avoided. The P2P power transaction mechanism of the electric automobile is not only beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency, reducing the load in the area and relieving the power grid pressure; the buyer owner can also reduce the energy cost and bring additional income to the seller owner.
However, the current research on the electric power transaction of the electric automobile P2P is mostly conducted from the interests of buyers or electric power companies, and the difficulty of improving the interests of buyers and sellers is high while considering the uncertainty of energy demand. In addition, conventional P2P power trade studies typically divide all individuals into geographical areas for trade studies in local areas, but competition between other neighboring areas and local areas is often neglected. Therefore, how to provide a buyer-seller matching strategy and a trading mechanism for participants in the electric vehicle P2P power trading, so as to ensure the maximization of the overall benefit is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of low benefit of both buyers and sellers of electric vehicle P2P power transaction in the prior art, and provides a block chain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method, system and equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method includes the steps of:
acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile;
according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization in each electric power transaction area to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area;
simulating transaction competition among all power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations and energy demand of the electric automobile in all power transaction areas;
obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area, and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area;
and according to the energy demand of the electric automobile in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme set in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme.
The invention relates to a block chain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method, which is further improved in that:
the specific method for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile comprises the following steps:
acquiring vehicle type information, real-time operation data, estimated mileage in the next period, current battery electric quantity and battery capacity of an electric vehicle;
according to vehicle type information, real-time operation data and estimated mileage of the electric vehicle in the next period, obtaining an energy consumption predicted value of the electric vehicle through a preset energy consumption predicted model;
and obtaining the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile according to the energy consumption predicted value, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile.
And when solving the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power transaction area, adopting a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition to solve.
The specific method for obtaining the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the energy demand of the electric vehicle according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, transaction competition among all electric power transaction areas is simulated through a preset inter-area competition model, and the energy quotation of all electric power transaction areas and the energy demand of the electric automobile are obtained.
The specific method for determining the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the geographic distance between the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area comprises the following steps:
acquiring unit running cost of the electric automobile, and combining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area to acquire the running cost of the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area;
obtaining the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area according to the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle;
and determining the electric power transaction area with the minimum sum of the running cost and the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle as the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle.
The specific method for carrying out the electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme comprises the following steps:
according to the energy distribution scheme, transaction information between the electric automobile and an energy mediator in the electric power transaction area is determined, and electric power transaction between the electric automobile and the energy mediator is carried out through a block chain according to the transaction information.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction system includes:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile;
The regional optimization module is used for solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power trading region according to the electric power trading range of the electric vehicle to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power trading region;
the regional part optimizing module is used for simulating transaction competition among all power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations of all power transaction areas and energy demand of the electric automobile;
the transaction area determining module is used for obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area;
the electric power transaction module is used for intensively selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the electric vehicle energy demand of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme.
The second aspect of the invention is a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction system, which is further improved in that:
the power transaction module comprises a selection module and a blockchain transaction module; the selecting module is used for selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme set of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the energy demand of the electric vehicle in the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle; the blockchain transaction module is used for determining transaction information between the electric automobile and the energy intermediaries in the electric power transaction area according to the energy distribution scheme, and carrying out electric power transaction between the electric automobile and the energy intermediaries through the blockchain according to the transaction information.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method described above when the computer program is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the electric vehicle P2P power transaction method based on the blockchain, the power transaction range of the electric vehicle is obtained; then solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power transaction area according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area; the optimization in the electric power trading area is achieved, further, according to the electric power trading range of the electric automobile, trading competition among the electric power trading areas is simulated, energy quotations and electric automobile energy demand of the electric power trading areas are obtained, optimization in the electric power trading areas is achieved, then the electric power trading areas of the electric automobile are determined according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power trading area and the energy quotations of each electric power trading area by obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power trading area, according to the electric automobile energy demand of the electric power trading area of the electric automobile, an energy distribution scheme is selected from the energy distribution scheme set of the electric power trading area of the electric automobile, electric power trading is conducted according to the energy distribution scheme, the optimal energy distribution scheme in all adjacent electric power trading area ranges is obtained through a two-step trading optimization mechanism in the electric power trading area, compared with the existing single target electric power trading optimization method based on the local electric power trading area, the overall relation between trading parties and the electric power trading area in the electric power trading area is considered, the situation of the actual electric power trading market is more suitable, the electric power trading efficiency P2 is greatly improved, the electric power trading efficiency is greatly improved, the electric power grid power consumption is greatly improved, the electric wave sharing efficiency is greatly improved, and the electric power grid sharing efficiency is achieved, and the electric power system sharing efficiency is greatly reduced.
Further, compared with the existing method based on the indirect prediction of the activity model, the method has the advantages that the energy consumption prediction model obtained by training the integrated learning prediction model is adopted to directly predict the energy consumption prediction value of the electric automobile, error transfer is reduced, and the accuracy of the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a block chain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an energy consumption prediction model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block chain and P2P power transaction information interaction frame diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an environmental schematic diagram of implementation of a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method is provided, and an optimal energy allocation scheme in all adjacent area ranges is obtained through a two-step transaction optimization mechanism in an area-between-area, so that the method is applicable to an actual power transaction market, and the practicality and safety of the electric vehicle P2P power transaction optimization scheme are greatly improved.
Specifically, the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method includes the following steps.
S1: and acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile.
In this embodiment, the specific method for obtaining the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile is as follows: acquiring vehicle type information, real-time operation data, estimated mileage in the next period, current battery electric quantity and battery capacity of an electric vehicle; according to vehicle type information, real-time operation data and estimated mileage of the electric vehicle in the next period, obtaining an energy consumption predicted value of the electric vehicle through a preset energy consumption predicted model; and obtaining the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile according to the energy consumption predicted value, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile.
Wherein the vehicle type information includes a vehicle unique number, a vehicle power type, a vehicle battery type, and a vehicle battery capacity; the real-time operation data comprise time, running state, charging state, electric quantity state and longitude and latitude information.
Specifically, after acquiring vehicle type information, real-time operation data, estimated mileage in the next period, current battery capacity and battery capacity of the electric vehicle, preprocessing of data is required, including processing of missing values, abnormal values and outliers, and the characteristics of energy requirements are obtained based on the preprocessed data.
Referring to fig. 2, the vehicle type information, the real-time operation data and the estimated mileage of the electric vehicle in the next period are used to obtain the predicted value of the energy consumption of the electric vehicle through a preset energy consumption prediction model. The energy consumption prediction model is obtained as follows.
And acquiring and adopting historical operation data of the electric automobile, and training the constructed integrated learning prediction model to obtain an energy consumption prediction model. The integrated learning prediction model is constructed by adopting a LightGBM algorithm, the LightGBM algorithm is a decision tree algorithm based on a histogram, leaf nodes with the maximum gain are split by adopting a leaf wisdom strategy, and sample dimension reduction, feature dimension reduction and memory occupation reduction are respectively realized by adopting single-side gradient sampling, mutual exclusion feature binding and a histogram algorithm.
After the predicted value of the energy consumption of the electric automobile is obtained, the electric automobile participating in the transaction is divided into an energy buyer and an energy seller according to the predicted value of the energy consumption of the electric automobile, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity, and specifically, if the current electric quantity of the electric automobile cannot meet the requirement of the estimated mileage in the next period, the electric automobile participates in the transaction in the identity of the energy buyer, namely the electric automobile of the buyer; otherwise, if the current electric quantity of the electric automobile can meet the requirement of the estimated mileage of the next period and has energy surplus, the electric automobile participates in the transaction with the identity of the energy seller, namely the seller electric automobile. The difference is that the amount of power transactions by the energy buyers and the energy sellers are characterized by opposite signs when transacting with the energy intermediary.
And then, considering the uncertainty of the energy demand, respectively determining the energy demand range of the buyer and the energy supply range of the seller, namely the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile according to the energy consumption predicted value, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile.
Specifically, buyer electric automobile EB i Minimum value d of energy requirement of (2) i,min And maximum value d i,max Obtained by the following formula:
wherein,buyer electricity for energy consumption prediction modelEB for motor car i Is a predicted value of energy consumption, demand i Is the buyer of the EB electric automobile i Predicted energy demand in the next period, +.>EB (electronic component) for representing buyer electric automobile i Status of charge in period t, +.>Buyer electric automobile EB i Is a battery capacity of the battery. Similarly, the seller electric automobile ES j Minimum value s of energy requirement of (2) j,min And a maximum value s j,max Obtained by the following formula:
wherein,seller electric automobile ES provided for energy consumption prediction model j Is a predicted value of energy consumption of supply j Electric automobile ES for seller j Estimated energy supply in the next period, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Status of charge in period t, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Is a battery capacity of the battery.
S2: according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization in each electric power transaction area to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area.
The multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization is constructed in the following way:
firstly, according to the electric power transaction information and the electric power transaction loss of the electric automobile, benefit functions of an energy buyer and an energy seller are respectively defined.
Specifically, the buyer electric automobile in the electric power transaction area kAnd seller electric automobile->The satisfaction function (benefit function) of (a) is defined by the following formula:
wherein omega i And omega j Respectively represent the electric automobile of the buyerCharging willingness constant and seller electric car->Is>Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement of->Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement minimum of +.>Electric automobile for seller->Total amount of electric quantity in transaction, +.>Electric automobile for seller->Electric automobile for supplying to buyer in transaction>Is a power supply.
Secondly, the buyer electric automobile in region kAnd seller electric automobile->Is defined as:
wherein C is 1 (.) representing the management fee that the transaction participants need to pay to the energy intermediaries, q is the management fee rate charged by the energy intermediaries in the power transaction area to the electric vehicles involved in the transaction, C 2 (-) represents power transmission loss, l 1 And l 2 For the power transmission loss constant, C () represents the total cost function.
Constructing a multi-objective optimization problem based on the electric automobile income maximization as a goal, which is defined as the following formula:
wherein,and->Purchaser electric automobile respectively representing electric power transaction area k>Electric automobile for sellersIs the maximum energy demand of the system.
In this embodiment, when solving the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power transaction area according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle, the solution based on the decomposition multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is adopted. The decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is based on a group of weight vectors which are uniformly distributed, and a chebyshev aggregation method is adopted to decompose the multi-objective optimization problem into N scalar sub-problems, and all the sub-problems are solved simultaneously by evolving a solution type. Where N is the population size defined in the algorithm.
Finally, the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization is solved, so that an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area is obtained, each energy distribution scheme in the energy distribution scheme set has no dominance, namely, each energy distribution scheme has at least one better objective compared with each other.
S3: and simulating transaction competition among all the power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations and energy demand of the electric automobile in all the power transaction areas.
In this embodiment, according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle, the specific method for obtaining the energy quotation and the energy demand of the electric vehicle in each electric power transaction area is as follows: according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, transaction competition among all electric power transaction areas is simulated through a preset inter-area competition model, and the energy quotation of all electric power transaction areas and the energy demand of the electric automobile are obtained.
The inter-region competition model is constructed by adopting the following modes: and (5) establishing based on the theory of supermode game.
Specifically, based on the theory of supermode game, game participants are defined as energy intermediaries of all power transaction areas, and policy sets of all participants are defined as electricity price quotations p of the areas k Obtaining the benefit function pi of each region by the following formula k ：
Wherein p is k Energy broker AG for power transaction area k k Is used for the price quotation of electricity,quoting vectors for other power trading area electricity prices adjacent to the power trading area k +.>The energy demand of the electric automobile for the buyer in the electric power transaction area k is expressed as the following formula:
Wherein,and->Minimum and maximum energy requirements of the buyer electric car respectively representing the electric power transaction area k, alpha 1 And alpha 2 For constants greater than zero, σ is the activation function, defined as follows:
and initializing the price quotations of the power trading areas and the adjacent power trading areas, substituting the price quotations of the power trading areas into an inter-area competition model to obtain Nash equalization and quotation convergence results of the areas, namely the energy quotations of the power trading areas and the energy demand of the electric automobile.
S4: the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area is obtained, and the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile is determined according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area.
In this embodiment, according to the geographic distance between the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area, the specific method for determining the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle is as follows: acquiring unit running cost of the electric automobile, and combining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area to acquire the running cost of the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area; obtaining the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area according to the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle; and determining the electric power transaction area with the minimum sum of the running cost and the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle as the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle.
Specifically, an optimization problem that minimizes buyer costs is defined to select the power trading area for trading based on the energy price and geographic location of each power trading area.
According to the energy quotation and the geographic distance of the local area and the adjacent area, the optimization problem of selecting the transaction area is defined by the following formula:
wherein p is k Quoting electricity price of target electricity trade area, r i,k Delta is the geographic distance from the current power transaction area to the target power transaction area 1 And delta 2 Is a constant greater than zero.
S5: and according to the energy demand of the electric automobile in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme set in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme.
Specifically, according to the energy demand of the electric vehicle in the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle, a corresponding energy distribution scheme is selected from the energy distribution scheme set, and a final electric power transaction scheme is obtained.
However, in the instant charging application scenario of the electric automobile, the P2P power transaction still faces potential safety hazards such as transaction information leakage. Blockchains are cryptographically concatenated and protected distributed databases that are not tamperable and maintain data by members of the population, thus providing high security and transparency. In recent years, the field of electric power transaction is always considered as one of the fields with the most development prospect of the blockchain technology, and on one hand, the blockchain technology can effectively solve the problems of exposure of private information of a transactor, trust between a transacted person and a transacted platform and the like in electric power transaction; on the other hand, the blockchain is convenient for the administrative department to manage the records of the transaction, and the credibility of the data is increased.
Therefore, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, a specific method for performing electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme is as follows: according to the energy distribution scheme, transaction information between the electric automobile and an energy mediator in the electric power transaction area is determined, and electric power transaction between the electric automobile and the energy mediator is carried out through a block chain according to the transaction information.
Specifically, according to the obtained power transaction scheme, each buyer electric automobile EB i The fees paid to the energy intermediary are:
pay(EB i )＝p k d i +qd i
electric automobile ES of seller j The fees paid to the intermediary are:
pay(ES j )＝p k s j -qs j
wherein d i ＝ρs j ρ is the average power transmission efficiency.
Referring to fig. 4, an implementation environment of a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, including a plurality of power transaction areas, each power transaction area is connected to a power grid, each power transaction area includes a plurality of electric vehicles and an energy intermediary, and transactions between the electric vehicles and the energy intermediary are implemented through blockchains.
According to the electric vehicle P2P power transaction method based on the blockchain, the power transaction range of the electric vehicle is obtained; then solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power transaction area according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area; the optimization in the electric power trading area is achieved, further, according to the electric power trading range of the electric automobile, trading competition among the electric power trading areas is simulated, energy quotations and electric automobile energy demand of the electric power trading areas are obtained, optimization in the electric power trading areas is achieved, then the electric power trading area of the electric automobile is determined according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power trading area and the energy quotations of each electric power trading area by obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power trading area, according to the electric automobile energy demand of the electric power trading area of the electric automobile, an energy distribution scheme is selected from the energy distribution scheme set of the electric power trading area of the electric automobile, electric power trading is conducted according to the energy distribution scheme, and the optimal energy distribution scheme in all adjacent electric power trading area ranges is obtained through a two-step trading optimization mechanism in the electric power trading area, compared with the existing single target electric power trading optimization method based on the local electric power trading area, the overall profit and the relation among trading parties in the electric power trading area are considered, the practical power trading scheme is greatly improved, and the practical practicability of the electric power trading optimization scheme P2 is greatly improved. And further, the electric wave of the power grid in the electric power transaction area is restrained, the maximization of multiparty benefits is realized, the sharing and the sharing of the energy storage system in a large range are realized, the running stability of the power grid is improved, and the energy cost is effectively reduced.
The following are device embodiments of the present invention that may be used to perform method embodiments of the present invention. For details of the device embodiment that are not careless, please refer to the method embodiment of the present invention.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction system is provided, which can be used to implement the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method described above, where the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction system includes an information acquisition module, an in-area optimization module, an area piece optimization module, a transaction area determination module, and a power transaction module.
The information acquisition module is used for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile; the in-region optimization module is used for solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power transaction region according to the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle, and obtaining an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction region; the regional part optimizing module is used for simulating transaction competition among all power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations of all power transaction areas and energy demand of the electric automobile; the transaction area determining module is used for obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area; the electric power transaction module is used for intensively selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the electric vehicle energy demand of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle, and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided that includes a processor and a memory for storing a computer program including program instructions, the processor for executing the program instructions stored by the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., which are the computational core and control core of the terminal adapted to implement one or more instructions, in particular adapted to load and execute one or more instructions within a computer storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding functions; the processor provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for operating the electric vehicle P2P power transaction method based on the blockchain.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a storage medium, specifically a computer readable storage medium (Memory), is a Memory device in a computer device, for storing a program and data. It is understood that the computer readable storage medium herein may include both built-in storage media in a computer device and extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space storing an operating system of the terminal. Also stored in the memory space are one or more instructions, which may be one or more computer programs (including program code), adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor. The computer readable storage medium herein may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one magnetic disk memory. One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium may be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps in the above embodiments with respect to a blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The electric automobile P2P power transaction method based on the block chain is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile;
according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization in each electric power transaction area to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power transaction area;
simulating transaction competition among all power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations and energy demand of the electric automobile in all power transaction areas;
obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area, and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area;
according to the energy demand of the electric automobile in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme set in the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile, and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme;
the specific method for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile comprises the following steps:
acquiring vehicle type information, real-time operation data, estimated mileage in the next period, current battery electric quantity and battery capacity of an electric vehicle;
According to vehicle type information, real-time operation data and estimated mileage of the electric vehicle in the next period, obtaining an energy consumption predicted value of the electric vehicle through a preset energy consumption predicted model;
obtaining an electric power transaction range of the electric automobile according to the energy consumption predicted value, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile;
the energy consumption prediction model is obtained by the following steps:
acquiring and adopting historical operation data of the electric automobile, and training a built integrated learning prediction model to obtain an energy consumption prediction model; the integrated learning prediction model is constructed by adopting a LightGBM algorithm;
according to the predicted value of energy consumption, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile, the energy demand range of the buyer and the energy supply range of the seller, namely the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, are respectively determined;
buyer electric automobile EB i Minimum value d of energy requirement of (2) i,min And maximum value d i,max Obtained by the following formula:
wherein,buyer electric automobile EB provided for energy consumption prediction model i Is a predicted value of energy consumption, demand i Is the buyer of the EB electric automobile i Predicted energy demand in the next period, +.>EB (electronic component) for representing buyer electric automobile i Status of charge in period t, +.>Buyer electric automobile EB i Is a battery capacity of (a);
electric automobile ES of seller j Minimum value s of energy requirement of (2) j,min And a maximum value s j,max Obtained by the following formula:
wherein,seller electric automobile ES provided for energy consumption prediction model j Is a predicted value of energy consumption of supply j Electric automobile ES for seller j Estimated energy supply in the next period, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Status of charge in period t, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Is a battery capacity of (a);
the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization is constructed in the following way:
according to the electric power transaction information and the electric power transaction loss of the electric automobile, respectively defining benefit functions of an energy buyer and an energy seller;
electric automobile for buyer in electric power transaction area kAnd seller electric automobile->The benefit functions of (a) are defined by the following equations, respectively:
wherein omega i And omega j Respectively represent the electric automobile of the buyerCharging willingness constant and seller electric car->Is>Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement of->Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement minimum of +.>Electric automobile for seller->Total amount of electric quantity in transaction, +. >Electric automobile for seller->Electric automobile for supplying to buyer in transaction>Is a power quantity of (1);
secondly, the buyer electric automobile in region kAnd seller electric automobile->Is defined as:
wherein C is 1 (.) representing the management fee that the transaction participants need to pay to the energy intermediaries, q is the management fee rate charged by the energy intermediaries in the power transaction area to the electric vehicles involved in the transaction, C 2 (-) represents power transmission loss, l 1 And l 2 For the power transmission loss constant, C ()' represents the total cost function;
constructing a multi-objective optimization problem based on the electric automobile income maximization as a goal, which is defined as the following formula:
wherein,and->Purchaser electric automobile respectively representing electric power transaction area k>And seller electric automobile->Is the maximum value of energy demand;
according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, the specific method for obtaining the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the energy demand of the electric automobile comprises the following steps: according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, simulating transaction competition among all electric power transaction areas through a preset inter-area competition model to obtain energy quotations of all electric power transaction areas and energy demand of the electric automobile;
the inter-region competition model is constructed by adopting the following modes: establishing based on an ultra-mode game theory;
Specifically, based on the theory of supermode game, game participants are defined as energy intermediaries of all power transaction areas, and policy sets of all participants are defined as electricity price quotations p of the areas k Obtaining the benefit function pi of each region by the following formula k ：
Wherein p is k Energy broker AG for power transaction area k k Is used for the price quotation of electricity,quoting vectors for other power trading area electricity prices adjacent to the power trading area k +.>The energy demand of the electric automobile for the buyer in the electric power transaction area k is expressed as the following formula:
wherein,and->Minimum and maximum energy requirements of the buyer electric car respectively representing the electric power transaction area k, alpha 1 And alpha 2 For constants greater than zero, σ is the activation function, defined as follows:
initializing the price quotation of the power trading areas and the adjacent power trading areas, substituting the price quotation of each power trading area into an inter-area competition model to obtain Nash balance and quotation convergence results of each area, namely the energy quotation of each power trading area and the energy demand of the electric automobile;
according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area, the specific method for determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile comprises the following steps: acquiring unit running cost of the electric automobile, and combining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area to acquire the running cost of the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area; obtaining the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area according to the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle; determining a power transaction area with the minimum sum of the running cost and the power transaction cost of the electric automobile as the power transaction area of the electric automobile;
Specifically, defining an optimization problem for minimizing the cost of the buyer according to the energy quotation and the geographic position of each power transaction area so as to select the power transaction area for transaction; according to the energy quotation and the geographic distance of the local area and the adjacent area, the optimization problem of selecting the transaction area is defined by the following formula:
wherein p is k Price quotation for target power trade area，r i,k Delta is the geographic distance from the current power transaction area to the target power transaction area 1 And delta 2 Is a constant greater than zero.
2. The blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power trading method of claim 1, wherein when solving the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each power trading area, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition is adopted for solving.
3. The blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for performing power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme is as follows:
according to the energy distribution scheme, transaction information between the electric automobile and an energy mediator in the electric power transaction area is determined, and electric power transaction between the electric automobile and the energy mediator is carried out through a block chain according to the transaction information.
4. An electric automobile P2P power transaction system based on a blockchain, comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile;
the regional optimization module is used for solving a multi-objective optimization problem based on electric vehicle profit maximization in each electric power trading region according to the electric power trading range of the electric vehicle to obtain an energy distribution scheme set of each electric power trading region;
the regional part optimizing module is used for simulating transaction competition among all power transaction areas according to the power transaction range of the electric automobile to obtain energy quotations of all power transaction areas and energy demand of the electric automobile;
the transaction area determining module is used for obtaining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area;
the electric power transaction module is used for intensively selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the electric vehicle energy demand of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle and carrying out electric power transaction according to the energy distribution scheme;
The specific method for acquiring the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile comprises the following steps:
acquiring vehicle type information, real-time operation data, estimated mileage in the next period, current battery electric quantity and battery capacity of an electric vehicle;
according to vehicle type information, real-time operation data and estimated mileage of the electric vehicle in the next period, obtaining an energy consumption predicted value of the electric vehicle through a preset energy consumption predicted model;
obtaining an electric power transaction range of the electric automobile according to the energy consumption predicted value, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile;
the energy consumption prediction model is obtained by the following steps:
acquiring and adopting historical operation data of the electric automobile, and training a built integrated learning prediction model to obtain an energy consumption prediction model; the integrated learning prediction model is constructed by adopting a LightGBM algorithm;
according to the predicted value of energy consumption, the current battery electric quantity and the battery capacity of the electric automobile, the energy demand range of the buyer and the energy supply range of the seller, namely the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, are respectively determined;
buyer electric automobile EB i Minimum value d of energy requirement of (2) i,min And maximum value d i,max Obtained by the following formula:
Wherein,buyer electric automobile EB provided for energy consumption prediction model i Is a predicted value of energy consumption, demand i Is the buyer of the EB electric automobile i Predicted energy demand in the next period, +.>EB (electronic component) for representing buyer electric automobile i Status of charge in period t, +.>Buyer electric automobile EB i Is a battery capacity of (a);
electric automobile ES of seller j Minimum value s of energy requirement of (2) j,min And a maximum value s j,max Obtained by the following formula:
wherein,seller electric automobile ES provided for energy consumption prediction model j Is a predicted value of energy consumption of supply j Electric automobile ES for seller j Estimated energy supply in the next period, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Status of charge in period t, +.>Electric automobile ES representing seller j Is a battery capacity of (a);
the multi-objective optimization problem based on electric automobile profit maximization is constructed in the following way:
according to the electric power transaction information and the electric power transaction loss of the electric automobile, respectively defining benefit functions of an energy buyer and an energy seller;
electric automobile for buyer in electric power transaction area kAnd seller electric automobile->The benefit functions of (a) are defined by the following equations, respectively:
wherein omega i And omega j Respectively represent the electric automobile of the buyerCharging willingness constant and seller electric car- >Is to be placed in (a)Electric willingness constant (L)>Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement of->Express buyer electric automobile ++>Energy requirement minimum of +.>Electric automobile for seller->Total amount of electric quantity in transaction, +.>Electric automobile for seller->Electric automobile for supplying to buyer in transaction>Is a power quantity of (1);
secondly, the buyer electric automobile in region kAnd seller electric automobile->Is defined as:
wherein C is 1 (.) representing the management fee that the transaction participants need to pay to the energy intermediaries, q is the management fee rate charged by the energy intermediaries in the power transaction area to the electric vehicles involved in the transaction, C 2 (-) represents power transmission loss, l 1 And l 2 For the power transmission loss constant, C ()' represents the total cost function;
constructing a multi-objective optimization problem based on the electric automobile income maximization as a goal, which is defined as the following formula:
wherein,and->Purchaser electric automobile respectively representing electric power transaction area k>And seller electric automobile->Is the maximum value of energy demand;
according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, the specific method for obtaining the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the energy demand of the electric automobile comprises the following steps: according to the electric power transaction range of the electric automobile, simulating transaction competition among all electric power transaction areas through a preset inter-area competition model to obtain energy quotations of all electric power transaction areas and energy demand of the electric automobile;
The inter-region competition model is constructed by adopting the following modes: establishing based on an ultra-mode game theory;
specifically, based on the theory of supermode game, game participants are defined as energy intermediaries of all power transaction areas, and policy sets of all participants are defined as electricity price quotations p of the areas k Obtaining the benefit function pi of each region by the following formula k ：
Wherein p is k Energy broker AG for power transaction area k k Is used for the price quotation of electricity,quoting vectors for other power trading area electricity prices adjacent to the power trading area k +.>The energy demand of the electric automobile for the buyer in the electric power transaction area k is expressed as the following formula:
wherein,and->Minimum and maximum energy requirements of the buyer electric car respectively representing the electric power transaction area k, alpha 1 And alpha 2 For constants greater than zero, σ is the activation function, defined as follows:
initializing the price quotation of the power trading areas and the adjacent power trading areas, substituting the price quotation of each power trading area into an inter-area competition model to obtain Nash balance and quotation convergence results of each area, namely the energy quotation of each power trading area and the energy demand of the electric automobile;
according to the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area and the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area, the specific method for determining the electric power transaction area of the electric automobile comprises the following steps: acquiring unit running cost of the electric automobile, and combining the geographic distance between the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area to acquire the running cost of the electric automobile and each electric power transaction area; obtaining the electric power transaction cost of the electric vehicle and each electric power transaction area according to the energy quotation of each electric power transaction area and the electric power transaction range of the electric vehicle; determining a power transaction area with the minimum sum of the running cost and the power transaction cost of the electric automobile as the power transaction area of the electric automobile;
Specifically, defining an optimization problem for minimizing the cost of the buyer according to the energy quotation and the geographic position of each power transaction area so as to select the power transaction area for transaction; according to the energy quotation and the geographic distance of the local area and the adjacent area, the optimization problem of selecting the transaction area is defined by the following formula:
wherein p is k Quoting electricity price of target electricity trade area, r i,k Delta is the geographic distance from the current power transaction area to the target power transaction area 1 And delta 2 Is a constant greater than zero.
5. The blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power trading system of claim 4, wherein the power trading module includes a selection module and a blockchain trading module;
the selecting module is used for selecting an energy distribution scheme from the energy distribution scheme set of the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle according to the energy demand of the electric vehicle in the electric power transaction area of the electric vehicle;
the blockchain transaction module is used for determining transaction information between the electric automobile and the energy intermediaries in the electric power transaction area according to the energy distribution scheme, and carrying out electric power transaction between the electric automobile and the energy intermediaries through the blockchain according to the transaction information.
6. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the blockchain-based electric vehicle P2P power transaction method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3.
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