CN113449457A - Three-dimensional planning method and system for transformer substation based on 3Dgis - Google Patents
Three-dimensional planning method and system for transformer substation based on 3Dgis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-dimensional planning method and a three-dimensional planning system for a transformer substation based on 3 Dgis. In one aspect, the method comprises: s1, acquiring a 3D gis model of the region to be planned; s2, carrying out load prediction on the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result; s3, determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result; s4, establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation; and S5, optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation. On the other hand, the invention also provides a corresponding system for realizing the method. According to the method, the 3D gis model is established, three-dimensional coordinates are provided for parameters in the model to be optimized, so that the distance between the transformer substations can be more accurately represented by the optimization model, the optimization model can be accurately represented in the aspects of cost, loss and area limitation, and the accuracy of a planning result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of planning, in particular to a three-dimensional planning method and a three-dimensional planning system for a transformer substation based on 3 Dgis.
Background
An existing transformer substation planning mode is generally planned based on a two-dimensional map, and when constraint conditions are established in a planning process, a planar straight-line distance is often used to replace a distance between two transformer substations, however, in an actual environment, altitudes between the two transformer substations are generally different, so that a final planning result is not an optimal result.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and a system for three-dimensional planning of a substation based on 3d gis,
on one hand, the invention provides a transformer substation three-dimensional planning method based on 3Dgis, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a 3D gis model of the region to be planned;
s2, carrying out load prediction on the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
s3, determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
s4, establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and S5, optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
Preferably, the acquiring a 3d gis model of the region to be planned includes:
acquiring a two-dimensional image of a planning area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional dense point cloud through a triangle analysis algorithm;
and establishing a 3D gis model of a planning region based on the three-dimensional dense point cloud.
Preferably, the load prediction of the area to be planned to obtain a prediction result includes:
dividing the region to be divided into a plurality of sub-regions based on administrative region information;
respectively calculating the load prediction result of each sub-region:
wherein valforcast (a) represents the load prediction result of the sub-area a, S (j, a) represents the floor area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a, and load (j, a) represents the load per unit area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a; nofare represents the total number of land types in sub-area a; c represents a preset prediction coefficient.
Preferably, the determining the total number of newly-built substations according to the load prediction result includes:
respectively calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations in each sub-area:
wherein nofns (a) represents the total number of newly-built substations in the sub-area a, br represents the capacity-to-load ratio of the substations, valow (a) represents the total capacity of existing substations in the sub-area a, b1Represents the load dispersion coefficient, b2Representing the reserve factor, b3Indicating transformerSafe operating rate, b4The transformer operation rate is represented, and the value represents the average capacity of the newly-built substation;
calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, Us represents the set of all sub-regions, and nofw represents the total number of newly-built substations.
Preferably, the establishing of the to-be-optimized model of the substation includes:
establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation through the following formula:
wherein df represents a model to be optimized, Unew represents a set of newly built substations, u and v represent two different substations in Unew, cstofv (u, v) represents the cost per unit length of cable between u and v, dist (u, v) represents the distance between u and v,
(x (u), y (u), z (u)), (x (v), y (v), z (v)) represent the three-dimensional coordinates of u and v in the 3D gis model, respectively, cstfe (u, v) represents the voltage loss per unit length of cable between u and v, H represents the set of areas that cannot be used for building substations in the area to be planned, sg (u, v, H) represents the loss function if
Then
If it is
Sg (u, v, h) is 0, D denotes a loss coefficient, dist (u, h) denotes a distance between u and h, dist (v, h) denotes a distance between v and hThe distance between the first and second electrodes,
(x (h), y (h), z (h)) represents the three-dimensional coordinates of h in the 3D gis model,
the constraint conditions include:
dist(u,v)≤madist
on the other hand, the invention provides a three-dimensional planning system of a transformer substation based on 3Dgis,
comprising an gis module, a prediction module, a first calculation module, a modeling module, and a second calculation module,
the gis module is used for obtaining a 3D gis model of a region to be planned;
the prediction module is used for predicting the load of the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
the first calculation module is used for determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
the modeling module is used for establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and the second calculation module is used for optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
According to the method, the 3D gis model is established, three-dimensional coordinates are provided for parameters in the model to be optimized, so that the distance between the transformer substations can be more accurately represented by the optimization model, the optimization model can be accurately represented in the aspects of cost, loss and area limitation, and the accuracy of a planning result is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a transformer substation three-dimensional planning method and system based on 3 Dgis.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method and system for three-dimensional planning of a 3d gis-based substation,
on one hand, the invention provides a transformer substation three-dimensional planning method based on 3Dgis, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a 3D gis model of the region to be planned;
s2, carrying out load prediction on the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
s3, determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
s4, establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and S5, optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
Specifically, the optimization process adopting the particle swarm algorithm comprises the following steps:
and after each iteration, judging whether the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation meet the regional limitation condition, if not, adjusting the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation until the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation meeting the constraint condition and the regional limitation condition are obtained, and the optimal value is obtained by the optimization model.
The area limiting condition refers to the condition that the coordinates of the newly-built substation cannot fall into areas such as cultivated lands and roads which cannot be changed in use.
Preferably, the acquiring a 3d gis model of the region to be planned includes:
acquiring a two-dimensional image of a planning area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional dense point cloud through a triangle analysis algorithm;
and establishing a 3D gis model of a planning region based on the three-dimensional dense point cloud.
The method adopts an unmanned aerial vehicle mode to obtain the two-dimensional image of the planning area, and then establishes the 3D GIS model by combining with the GIS data of the area to be planned. Compared with a mode of using a remote sensing satellite, the method has higher accuracy.
Specifically, the converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional dense point cloud by a triangulation algorithm includes:
carrying out noise reduction processing on the two-dimensional image to obtain a noise-reduced image;
and converting the noise reduction image into a three-dimensional dense point cloud through a triangle analysis algorithm.
The influence of noise points on the generation of the point cloud can be avoided through noise reduction, so that point cloud data with higher accuracy can be obtained.
Specifically, the denoising processing is performed on the two-dimensional image to obtain a denoised image, and the denoising processing includes:
converting the two-dimensional image into a grayscale image;
performing wavelet decomposition processing on the gray level image to obtain a high-frequency wavelet decomposition coefficient HX and a low-frequency wavelet decomposition coefficient LX;
for the high-frequency wavelet decomposition coefficient HX, if HX is less than or equal to tha1It is processed using the following function:
if tha1≤|HX|≤tha2It is processed using the following function:
if tha2≦ HX |, it is processed using the following function:
aHX＝|HX|
wherein aHX represents the result of processing HX, α and β represent preset weight coefficients, tha1And tha2Respectively representing a first judgment parameter and a second judgment parameter which are preset, xhn (hx) representing a judgment function,
ctr denotes a preset regulating parameter, Q1And Q2Respectively representing the standard deviation and variance of the pixel values of the pixels in HX,
processing the low-frequency wavelet decomposition coefficient LX by using a non-local mean de-noising algorithm to obtain a result aLX of processing the LX;
aHX and aLX are reconstructed to obtain a noise-reduced image.
The wavelet decomposition and reconstruction mode is adopted for denoising, and the edge information in the two-dimensional image can be effectively reserved while denoising, so that the method is favorable for providing a high-quality denoised image for the process of obtaining the three-dimensional dense point cloud, and is favorable for obtaining the accurate three-dimensional dense point cloud, and the method is favorable for improving the accuracy of the 3D gis model. Specifically, HX and LX are processed respectively in the noise reduction process, improvement of accuracy of a reconstruction result is facilitated, when HX is processed, different functions are selected for processing through setting of judgment parameters to HX under different conditions, improvement of pertinence of the functions is facilitated, accuracy of aHX is improved, when LX is processed, a non-local mean noise reduction algorithm is used, and more edge detail information can be further reserved.
Preferably, the load prediction of the area to be planned to obtain a prediction result includes:
dividing the region to be divided into a plurality of sub-regions based on administrative region information;
respectively calculating the load prediction result of each sub-region:
wherein valforcast (a) represents the load prediction result of the sub-area a, S (j, a) represents the floor area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a, and load (j, a) represents the load per unit area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a; nofare represents the total number of land types in sub-area a; c represents a preset prediction coefficient.
Specifically, according to the administrative area information, for example, an administrative area belonging to a village or an administrative area of a street is taken as a sub-area, and the person skilled in the art can select the sub-area according to the size of the planned area.
Preferably, the determining the total number of newly-built substations according to the load prediction result includes:
respectively calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations in each sub-area:
wherein nofns (a) represents the total number of newly-built substations in the sub-area a, br represents the capacity-to-load ratio of the substations, valow (a) represents the total capacity of existing substations in the sub-area a, b1Represents the load dispersion coefficient, b2Representing the reserve factor, b3Representing the safe operation rate of the transformer, b4The transformer operation rate is represented, and the value represents the average capacity of the newly-built substation;
calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, Us represents the set of all sub-regions, and nofw represents the total number of newly-built substations.
When the total number of the substations is calculated, the average capacity of the substations, the capacity of the existing substations, the predicted load and the like are calculated, and a relatively accurate calculation result can be obtained.
Preferably, the establishing of the to-be-optimized model of the substation includes:
establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation through the following formula:
wherein df represents a model to be optimized, Unew represents a set of newly built substations, u and v represent two different substations in Unew, cstofv (u, v) represents the cost per unit length of cable between u and v, dist (u, v) represents the distance between u and v,
(x (u), y (u), z (u)), (x (v), y (v), z (v)) represent the initialized three-dimensional coordinates of u and v in the 3D gis model, respectively, cstfe (u, v) represents the voltage loss per unit length of cable between u and v, H represents the set of areas that cannot be used for building substations in the area to be planned, sg (u, v, H) represents the loss function if, for example, u and v represent the loss function
Then
If it is
Sg (u, v, h) is 0, D denotes a loss coefficient, dist (u, h) denotes a distance between u and h, dist (v, h) denotes a distance between v and h,
(x (h), y (h), z (h)) represents the three-dimensional coordinates of h in the 3D gis model,
the constraint conditions include:
dist(u,v)≤madist
in the establishment of the optimization model, the present invention considers the aspects of cost, voltage loss, distance between the substation and the area that cannot be used for building the substation, and the like, so that the coordinates that the total cost is as low as possible, the total voltage loss is as small as possible, and the distance between the substation and the area that cannot be used for building the substation is as far as possible can be selected as the coordinates of the substation. Meanwhile, when the distance is calculated, the three-dimensional coordinates are adopted, and the distance is reflected more accurately compared with the traditional two-dimensional coordinates, so that the accuracy of the obtained coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation is improved.
On the other hand, the invention provides a three-dimensional planning system of a transformer substation based on 3Dgis,
comprising an gis module, a prediction module, a first calculation module, a modeling module, and a second calculation module,
the gis module is used for obtaining a 3D gis model of a region to be planned;
the prediction module is used for predicting the load of the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
the first calculation module is used for determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
the modeling module is used for establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and the second calculation module is used for optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
It should be noted that, the system is used for implementing the functions of the method, and each module in the apparatus corresponds to the steps of the method, and can implement different embodiments of the method.
According to the method, the 3D gis model is established, three-dimensional coordinates are provided for parameters in the model to be optimized, so that the distance between the transformer substations can be more accurately represented by the optimization model, the optimization model can be accurately represented in the aspects of cost, loss and area limitation, and the accuracy of a planning result is improved.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The three-dimensional planning method of the transformer substation based on the 3Dgis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring a 3D gis model of the region to be planned;
s2, carrying out load prediction on the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
s3, determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
s4, establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and S5, optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
2. The method for three-dimensional planning of a 3D gis-based substation according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the 3D gis model of the area to be planned comprises:
acquiring a two-dimensional image of a planning area by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
converting the two-dimensional image into a three-dimensional dense point cloud through a triangle analysis algorithm;
and establishing a 3D gis model of a planning region based on the three-dimensional dense point cloud.
3. The three-dimensional planning method for the transformer substation based on the 3D gis is characterized in that the load prediction of the area to be planned is carried out to obtain a prediction result, and the method comprises the following steps:
dividing the region to be divided into a plurality of sub-regions based on administrative region information;
respectively calculating the load prediction result of each sub-region:
wherein valforcast (a) represents the load prediction result of the sub-area a, S (j, a) represents the floor area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a, and load (j, a) represents the load per unit area of the j-th type of land in the sub-area a; nofare represents the total number of land types in sub-area a; c represents a preset prediction coefficient.
4. The method for three-dimensional planning of 3D gis-based substations according to claim 3, wherein said determining the total number of newly-built substations according to the load prediction result includes:
respectively calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations in each sub-area:
wherein nofns (a) represents the total number of newly-built substations in the sub-area a, br represents the capacity-to-load ratio of the substations, valow (a) represents the total capacity of existing substations in the sub-area a, b1Represents the load dispersion coefficient, b2Representing the reserve factor, b3Representing the safe operation rate of the transformer, b4The transformer operation rate is represented, and the value represents the average capacity of the newly-built substation;
calculating the total number of the newly-built transformer substations by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, Us represents the set of all sub-regions, and nofw represents the total number of newly-built substations.
5. The 3D gis-based substation three-dimensional planning method according to claim 3, wherein the establishing of the substation model to be optimized comprises:
establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation through the following formula:
wherein df represents a model to be optimized, Unew represents a set of newly built substations, u and v represent two different substations in Unew, cstofv (u, v) represents the cost per unit length of cable between u and v, dist (u, v) represents the distance between u and v,
(x (u), y (u), z (u)), (x (v), y (v), z (v)) represent the three-dimensional coordinates of u and v in the 3D gis model, respectively, cstfe (u, v) represents the voltage loss per unit length of cable between u and v, H represents the set of areas that cannot be used for building substations in the area to be planned, sg (u, v, H) represents the loss function if
Then
If it is
Sg (u, v, h) is 0, D denotes a loss coefficient, dist (u, h) denotes a distance between u and h, dist (v, h) denotes a distance between v and h,
(x (h), y (h), z (h)) represents the three-dimensional coordinates of h in the 3D gis model,
the constraint conditions include:
dist(u,v)≤madist
6. the three-dimensional planning system of the transformer substation based on the 3Dgis is characterized by comprising an gis module, a prediction module, a first calculation module, a modeling module and a second calculation module,
the gis module is used for obtaining a 3D gis model of a region to be planned;
the prediction module is used for predicting the load of the area to be planned to obtain a load prediction result;
the first calculation module is used for determining the total number of the newly-built transformer substations according to the load prediction result;
the modeling module is used for establishing a to-be-optimized model of the transformer substation;
and the second calculation module is used for optimizing the model to be optimized by adopting a particle swarm algorithm to obtain the coordinates of the newly-built transformer substation.
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