CN113448106A - Beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser - Google Patents
Beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN113448106A CN113448106A CN202110614988.0A CN202110614988A CN113448106A CN 113448106 A CN113448106 A CN 113448106A CN 202110614988 A CN202110614988 A CN 202110614988A CN 113448106 A CN113448106 A CN 113448106A
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- beam combiner
- hollow
- femtosecond pulse
- combiner
- photonic crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02319—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by core or core-cladding interface features
- G02B6/02323—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. photonic band gap guiding
- G02B6/02328—Hollow or gas filled core
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
Abstract
The invention provides a beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser, relating to the technical field of lasers; the beam combiner includes: a plurality of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers, a beam combiner shell, a permutation combiner and a micro-lens group; the beam combiner shell is of a hollow structure with openings at two ends; the arrangement combiner is arranged at the input end in the beam combiner shell and is used for fixing one ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers at the input end in the beam combiner shell; the other ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers extend to the outside of the beam combiner shell and are respectively used for being coupled with the femtosecond pulse lasers output by the femtosecond pulse lasers; the micro lens group is arranged at the output end in the beam combiner shell and is used for focusing or collimating the femtosecond pulse laser transmitted by the hollow photonic crystal fibers and then outputting the focused or collimated femtosecond pulse laser from the output end of the beam combiner shell; the beam combiner has the advantages of simple structure, no need of adjusting a spatial light path, low cost, small volume and suitability for actual use requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a beam combiner for femtosecond pulse lasers.
Background
Femtosecond pulse laser has wide application in the fields of micromachining, physics, biology, chemical control reaction, optical communication and the like. Limited by the material damage threshold, the power and energy of a single laser cannot meet certain applications with high requirements on the laser. Therefore, the laser beam combining technique is used to break through the power, energy and peak power limits of a single laser.
The input end of the optical fiber combiner is generally composed of a plurality of multimode optical fibers, and the output end is a multimode optical fiber with a larger size. The device carries out vertebra pulling or fusion welding treatment on the optical fiber, and has simple structure and strong stability. However, the existing optical fiber beam combiner is generally used in the beam combining of continuous lasers and is not suitable for femtosecond pulses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing optical fiber beam combiner cannot be used for femtosecond pulse laser beam combining.
The invention provides a beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser, which comprises: a plurality of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers, a beam combiner shell, a permutation combiner and a micro-lens group;
the beam combiner shell is of a hollow structure with openings at two ends;
the arrangement combiner is arranged at the input end in the beam combiner shell and is used for fixing one end of each of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers at the input end in the beam combiner shell;
the other ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers extend to the outside of the beam combiner shell and are respectively used for being coupled with femtosecond pulse lasers output by the femtosecond pulse lasers; the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers are respectively used for transmitting the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser to the microlens set;
the micro lens group is arranged at the output end in the beam combiner shell and is used for focusing or collimating the femtosecond pulse laser transmitted by the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers and then outputting the laser from the output end of the beam combiner shell.
The inventor of the present application found in a beam combination test of femtosecond pulse laser that the following problems exist when the femtosecond pulse laser is combined by using the existing optical fiber beam combination method: (1) mode change and pulse deformation can be generated when the femtosecond pulse laser is transmitted in the multimode optical fiber; (2) there are also two problems associated with the transmission of femtosecond pulsed laser in single-mode solid-core fibers: firstly, material dispersion, the femtosecond pulse laser coupled into a single-mode solid core fiber can change the pulse width, and the actually output pulse is not the original pulse width any more; for example, a 100 femtosecond laser, passing through a 5 meter single mode solid core fiber, may increase the pulse width by more than a factor of 100; secondly, the material damage threshold value, the glass material can not bear higher pulse peak power usually, has restricted the power that the femtosecond pulse laser conducts. If the femtosecond pulse laser is combined in a spatial beam combination mode, the following problems also exist: in order to ensure that the position, the size and the direction of a light spot of the femtosecond pulse laser output by a spatial light path are accurate and consistent, very precise adjustment is needed, and each femtosecond pulse laser beam needs to pass through a time delayer, a phase adjuster, a polarization beam splitter and other devices, so that the beam combiner has the problems of large volume, complex structure, difficult adjustment and difficult maintenance; in addition, the spatial light path is extremely sensitive to the environment, and is not suitable for femtosecond pulse laser transmission. The inventor of this application creatively will many the fixed encapsulation of hollow photonic crystal fiber's one end is through arranging the combiner input in closing the bundle ware casing, and will little the fixed encapsulation of battery of lens closes the output in closing the bundle ware casing, can solve femtosecond pulse laser effectively and adopt optic fibre to close the beam mode and the space closes the beam mode and close the above-mentioned problem that the beam exists, simple structure, easy to maintain, and lower to service environment's requirement, and through the adjustment hollow photonic crystal fiber's length can realize femtosecond pulse laser and the separation of closing bundle ware casing output end operating position, has important meaning to the application scene of widening femtosecond pulse laser.
In some preferred embodiments, the femtosecond pulse laser is a fiber femtosecond pulse laser or a solid femtosecond pulse laser; the pulse width of the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser is 100-1000 femtoseconds.
In some preferred embodiments, the cross-sectional structure of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is an anti-resonant structure or a Kagome structure.
In some preferred embodiments, the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber has a vacuum, air or inert gas in the core.
In some preferred embodiments, the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers are arranged in a linear, rectangular, triangular, annular or circular shape.
In some preferred embodiments, the arrangement combiner is fixed inside the combiner housing by glue.
In some preferred embodiments, the microlens sets are fixed inside the combiner housing by glue.
In some preferred embodiments, the arrangement combiner is a hollow structure with two open ends; one end of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is inserted into the arrangement combiner; the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the arrangement combiner through glue.
In some preferred embodiments, the material of the beam combiner shell is metal.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the output laser beams of the multi-channel femtosecond pulse laser are coupled into the flexible optical fiber by utilizing the hollow photonic crystal fiber for transmission, are arranged and integrated in the beam combiner, are shaped by the microlens set, and the shaped high-power femtosecond pulse laser beams are used as the output of the beam combiner, so that the use purposes of industrial micro-processing, wavelength conversion, nonlinear scientific research and the like can be met.
Compared with the traditional space beam combination structure in which the mobility of the laser and the beam combination light path is limited, the invention realizes the transmission of the femtosecond pulse laser through the hollow photonic crystal fiber, can realize the separation of the working positions of the output end of the femtosecond pulse laser and the beam combination device, ensures that the femtosecond pulse laser can work in a relatively stable environment, is beneficial to the maintenance and the replacement of the femtosecond pulse laser, has simple structure, does not need to adjust the space light path, has low cost and small volume, and can meet the actual use requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement combiner 3 shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hollow core photonic crystal fiber 2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a permutation combiner 3 according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a permutation combiner 3 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a femtosecond pulse laser; 2. a hollow core photonic crystal fiber; 201. an air core; 202. a cladding layer; 203. a coating layer; 3. arranging the combiner; 4. a combiner housing; 5. a microlens group; 6. and outputting the light beam.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser, including: a plurality of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2, a beam combiner shell 4, an arrangement combiner 3 and a micro-lens group 5;
the beam combiner shell 4 is a hollow structure with two open ends; the material of the beam combiner shell 4 is metal; exemplarily, in the present embodiment, the material of the combiner housing 4 is copper;
the arrangement combiner 3 is arranged at the input end in the beam combiner shell 4 and is used for fixing one end of each of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2 at the input end in the beam combiner shell 4; the arrangement combiner 3 is fixed inside the beam combiner shell 4 through glue; the arrangement combiner 3 is a hollow structure with two open ends; one end of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 is inserted in the arrangement combiner 3; the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the arrangement combiner 3 through glue;
the other ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2 extend to the outside of the beam combiner shell 4 and are respectively used for being coupled with the femtosecond pulse lasers output by the femtosecond pulse lasers 1; the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2 are respectively used for transmitting the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser 1 to the microlens set 5;
the micro lens group 5 is arranged at the output end in the beam combiner shell 4 and is used for focusing or collimating the femtosecond pulse laser transmitted by the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2 and then outputting the focused or collimated femtosecond pulse laser from the output end of the beam combiner shell 4 to form an output beam 6; the microlens set 5 is fixed inside the combiner housing 4 by glue.
Specifically, the femtosecond pulse laser 1 is a fiber femtosecond pulse laser 1 or a solid femtosecond pulse laser 1; the pulse width of the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser 1 is 100-1000 femtoseconds; the output pulse of the femtosecond pulse laser 1 reaches the output end of the beam combiner shell 4 at the same time through triggering time sequence control and length control of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the number of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers 2 is three; correspondingly, the femtosecond pulse laser 1 is three infrared femtosecond lasers with the same model; the specific indexes of the infrared femtosecond laser are as follows: the average power of output pulses is 100 watts, the pulse repetition frequency is 100kHz, the pulse width is 400 femtoseconds, the central wavelength is 1030nm, and the pulse energy is 1 mJ; when the infrared femtosecond laser is used, the infrared femtosecond laser is placed in the environment suitable for laser working, such as constant temperature, constant humidity, cleanness and the like, output light of the infrared femtosecond laser enters the fiber core of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 through lens coupling, and the coupling efficiency is higher than 95%.
Specifically, the cross-sectional structure of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 is an anti-resonance structure or a Kagome structure; the fiber core of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 is vacuum, air or inert gas; referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 may be arranged in a linear, triangular, rectangular, circular or circular shape.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 has a length of 5m, and a cross section as shown in fig. 3, in which the air core 201 has a diameter of 40 μm, the cladding 202 has a diameter of 250 μm, and the coating 203 has a diameter of 400 μm; the dispersion of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 at the wavelength of 1030nm is zero or close to zero, and the loss is less than 0.05 dB/m; after the 100 watt and 400 femtosecond pulse is transmitted in the 5m hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2, the power is more than 89 watt, and the pulse width is about 400 femtosecond.
The beam combiner shell 4 is a metal part with the length of 100mm, the width of 25mm and the height of 25 mm; the distance between the beam combiner shell 4 and the infrared femtosecond laser is more than 3 m; the tail fiber of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 enters the input end of the beam combiner shell 4 and is fixed in the arrangement combiner 3 in a triangular arrangement.
The arrangement combiner 3 is cylindrical, the inner diameter is 1mm, the outer diameter is 5mm, and the material is metal; the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 is fixed on the inner side wall of the arrangement combiner 3 through glue; the permutation combiner 3 is fixed at the input end in the combiner housing 4 by glue.
The micro lens group 5 consists of three micro lens groups 5, the arrangement form of the micro lenses is matched with the arrangement form of the optical fibers in the arrangement combiner 3, and the micro lens groups are fixed in the beam combiner shell 4 through glue; the micro lens is circular and has a diameter of 10 mm; the micro lens group 5 focuses the output light of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber 2 to the output end of the beam combiner to form an output light beam 6.
The beam combiner for the femtosecond pulse laser in the embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) the structure is simple: the traditional spatial beam combination can not realize the same beam arrangement as the hollow core photonic crystal fiber beam combination scheme in the embodiment at the input end of the beam combiner shell; for example, three femtosecond pulse lasers, each femtosecond pulse laser has a diameter of 40 microns and a spot pitch of 5 microns, are arranged in a triangle, and have consistent transmission directions; because the spatial light path combination needs to use a reflector to arrange light beams, the divergence angle of 40-micron Gaussian light beams is about 17mrad, the Rayleigh length is about 1mm, and the spatial arrangement cannot be directly realized by the spatial light path in the existing reflector form; in addition, another possible way to combine spatial light paths is envisaged here, three spatial light beams are collimated (usually more than 2 mm is needed), so that the light beams can be distributed and arranged by using a reflector for transmitting the required distance, and then combined by using a micro lens; the space beam combination scheme has a complex structure, each path of light at least needs a pair of reflectors to adjust the position and the direction of the light beam, and the position, the size and the direction of light spots output by a space light path are accurate, consistent and very precise adjustment is needed.
(2) The requirements on the use environment are reduced: the femtosecond pulse laser and the space beam combiner have higher requirements on the use environment; for example, the laser is 5 meters away from a sample, the processing precision is required to be 1 micron, the precision of a space light path is required to be below 0.2urad, the precision optical adjusting frame can reach about 25urad along with the temperature change and far cannot meet the requirement, and the laser can work only in the environment of constant temperature and humidity; in the beam combiner in the embodiment, one ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers are arranged at the input end in the beam combiner shell through the arrangement combiner and the glue, and the micro lens group is arranged at the output end in the beam combiner shell through the glue, so that the beam combiner for the femtosecond pulse laser is insensitive to the change of an external environment, and the requirement on a use environment is low.
(3) Easy maintenance: when the laser fails, such as the optical path changes or needs to be replaced, the spatial optical combiner needs to be readjusted, and for the beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser in the embodiment, only the coupling part of the femtosecond pulse laser with the corresponding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber in question needs to be adjusted, so that the beam combiner is easy to maintain.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A beam combiner for femtosecond pulsed lasers, comprising: a plurality of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers, a beam combiner shell, a permutation combiner and a micro-lens group;
the beam combiner shell is of a hollow structure with openings at two ends;
the arrangement combiner is arranged at the input end in the beam combiner shell and is used for fixing one end of each of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers at the input end in the beam combiner shell;
the other ends of the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers extend to the outside of the beam combiner shell and are respectively used for being coupled with femtosecond pulse lasers output by the femtosecond pulse lasers; the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers are respectively used for transmitting the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser to the microlens set;
the micro lens group is arranged at the output end in the beam combiner shell and is used for focusing or collimating the femtosecond pulse laser transmitted by the hollow-core photonic crystal fibers and then outputting the laser from the output end of the beam combiner shell.
2. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulse lasers according to claim 1, wherein the femtosecond pulse laser is a fiber femtosecond pulse laser or a solid femtosecond pulse laser; the pulse width of the femtosecond pulse laser output by the femtosecond pulse laser is 100-1000 femtoseconds.
3. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulse lasers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional structure of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is an anti-resonance structure or a Kagome structure.
4. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulsed lasers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is vacuum, air or inert gas.
5. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser according to claim 1, wherein the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is arranged in a linear, triangular, rectangular, annular or circular shape.
6. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulsed lasers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrangement combiner is fixed inside the beam combiner case by glue.
7. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulsed lasers according to claim 1, wherein the microlens set is fixed inside the beam combiner case by glue.
8. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulse lasers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arrangement combiner is a hollow structure with two open ends; one end of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is inserted into the arrangement combiner; the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the arrangement combiner through glue.
9. The beam combiner for femtosecond pulse lasers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the beam combiner case is metal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110614988.0A CN113448106A (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110614988.0A CN113448106A (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2021-06-02 | Beam combiner for femtosecond pulse laser |
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| CN1593817A (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2005-03-16 | 华北工学院 | Method and apparatus for applying optical fiber array energy source to laser sintering rapid forming |
| CN103219648A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-24 | 中北大学 | Optical fiber coupling system of laser light source |
| CN204731451U (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-28 | 中视迪威激光显示技术有限公司 | Array laser coupling mechanism |
| CN205790916U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Super continuous spectrums laser generator |
| CN109004500A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉安扬激光技术有限责任公司 | A kind of high power Fs chirp amplification laser with fiber optic conduction output |
| CN110943360A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-03-31 | 英诺激光科技股份有限公司 | Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber-based super-continuum spectrum laser light source and detection system |
| EP3812807A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-28 | ASML Netherlands B.V. | Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber based optical component for broadband radiation generation |
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2021
- 2021-06-02 CN CN202110614988.0A patent/CN113448106A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1593817A (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2005-03-16 | 华北工学院 | Method and apparatus for applying optical fiber array energy source to laser sintering rapid forming |
| CN103219648A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-24 | 中北大学 | Optical fiber coupling system of laser light source |
| CN204731451U (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-28 | 中视迪威激光显示技术有限公司 | Array laser coupling mechanism |
| CN205790916U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Super continuous spectrums laser generator |
| CN109004500A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉安扬激光技术有限责任公司 | A kind of high power Fs chirp amplification laser with fiber optic conduction output |
| EP3812807A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-28 | ASML Netherlands B.V. | Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber based optical component for broadband radiation generation |
| CN110943360A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-03-31 | 英诺激光科技股份有限公司 | Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber-based super-continuum spectrum laser light source and detection system |
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