CN113447814A - Loss separation device and method for ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Loss separation device and method for ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113447814A CN113447814A CN202110576861.4A CN202110576861A CN113447814A CN 113447814 A CN113447814 A CN 113447814A CN 202110576861 A CN202110576861 A CN 202110576861A CN 113447814 A CN113447814 A CN 113447814A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loss separation device and a loss separation method of an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor, wherein the device comprises the following components: a set of no-load motor platforms and a set of counter-trailing motor platforms; according to the method, by means of the loss separation device and a method for adjusting experimental variables, the input power of the motor under different experimental variable conditions is tested by a power analyzer, and finally the loss of a stator core, the loss of a stator winding, the loss of a rotor wind friction and the loss of a rotor eddy current in a motor system are separated one by one. The invention solves the problems of difficult loss test and low test precision of the ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor, and has the advantages of simple test method and convenient realization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric transmission, in particular to a loss separation device and a loss separation method for an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor.
Background
With the rapid rise of the demand of the fields of aerospace, national defense safety, production and life and the like for portable and high-power density energy conversion devices, the ultra-high-speed micro motor becomes necessary research content and development direction at present. The magnetic field of the stator and the rotor of the ultra-high-speed motor contains space harmonic waves of high-frequency rotation, and the supply current contains high-frequency fundamental waves and harmonic waves, which can generate a large amount of copper loss, iron loss and rotor eddy current loss in the stator and the rotor. In addition, the ultra-high mechanical rotational frequency of the motor will also cause a large amount of mechanical friction losses, including bearing friction losses and air friction losses. The ultra-high speed micro permanent magnet motor has small volume and large loss density, so how to accurately measure and analyze the system loss of the motor becomes the key point of the development of the motor to the ultra-high speed.
The motor needs to consider a high-frequency rotating magnetic field and harmonic waves when running at ultrahigh speed, various losses of the motor are difficult to realize high-precision calculation and actual measurement, the common loss calculation method at present mainly comprises an analytic method and a finite element method, the loss experimental test is always a difficult point, and the main method of the current experimental test comprises the following steps: a natural speed reduction method, a locked rotor/no rotor comparison test method and a test method by using a dragging platform. However, almost all current testing methods have certain theoretical errors and testing errors, and the existing loss testing device and testing method have further space improvement in terms of testing precision and testing simplicity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a loss separation device and a loss separation method for an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor, which can analyze loss distribution and optimize motor efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a loss separation apparatus for an ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor, comprising: a set of no-load motor platforms and a set of counter-trailing motor platforms; the structure parameters of an electric motor part and a dragging motor part in the dragging motor platform are completely consistent with those of a no-load motor platform, and various loss values of the motor are compared and separated by controlling the structure difference of the two platforms.
Preferably, the no-load motor platform comprises a single-end integrated mechanical bearing 1, a rotor structure 2, a stator structure 3, a shell and an end cover; the stator structure 3 and the single-end integrated mechanical bearing 1 are fixedly assembled at two axial ends of the shell respectively; the rotor structure 2 and the single-end integral mechanical bearing 1 are coaxially matched, the rotor structure 2 and the stator structure 3 are aligned in the axial direction, and a certain air gap is reserved in the radial direction; the end cover and the shell are fixedly assembled to play a role in sealing the inner cavity of the motor.
Preferably, the counter-dragging motor platform comprises a single-end integrated mechanical bearing 1, a rotor structure 2 and a stator structure 3; the rotor structure 2 and the stator structure 3 are symmetrically installed by taking the single-end integral mechanical bearing 1 as a center, and respectively form an electric motor part and a dragging motor part; the rotor rotating shafts of the electric motor part and the dragging motor part are coaxially connected and share a set of integral mechanical ball bearing.
Preferably, the structural parameters of the electric motor part in the dragging motor platform, the dragging motor part and the electric motor part in the no-load motor platform are completely consistent.
Correspondingly, the loss separation method of the loss separation device of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor comprises the following steps:
the method for testing and separating the stator core loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps of:
(1) the method comprises the steps of installing a stator on a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform, arranging open-circuit windings, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through an electric motor part, measuring active power at the input side of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording the active power as P1；
(2) The method comprises the steps of installing a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform without a stator, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through the electric motor part, measuring active power at the input side of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording the active power as P2；
(3) Measuring the difference P between the two active powers in the step (1) and the step (2)1-P2For the iron loss P of the motor to be measuredFe；
The method for testing and separating the stator winding loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(4) measuring the resistance value R of the stator phase winding by using an LCR bridge;
(5) measuring a current value I under a rated working condition by using a current probe and an oscilloscope;
(6) using the results obtained in step (4) and step (5), according to Pcu＝mI2R can directly calculate the stator winding loss Pcu(ii) a In the formula, m is the number of motor phases;
the method for testing and separating the rotor wind friction loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(7) the dragging motor part of the dragging motor platform is assembled without a stator,dragging the rotor to rated speed by the electric motor part, measuring the input active power of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording as P3；
(8) The no-load motor platform is operated to a rated rotating speed, the input active power of the motor is measured by a power analyzer and is recorded as P4；
(9) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (7) and the active power measured twice in the step (8)3-P4For the wind friction loss P of the tested motorair；
The method for testing and separating the eddy current loss of the rotor by using the loss separation device of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor comprises the following steps:
(10) carrying out rotor locked-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P5；
(11) Carrying out no-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, and measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P6；
(12) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (11) and the active power measured twice in the step (12)5-P6For the eddy current loss P of the measured motor rotore。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the no-load motor platform and the counter-dragging motor platform both adopt integrated supporting devices, wherein an electric motor part and a dragging motor part of the counter-dragging motor platform are symmetrically distributed by taking an integrated bearing as a center, all rotor parts in the structure are coaxially connected without a coupler, the consistency is high, the integrity is good, and the stable operation of the motor at an ultra high speed can be guaranteed; (2) the loss test is completely carried out by an experimental method without the assistance of a finite element method; (3) by utilizing the test platform and the test method, the high-frequency electromagnetic loss and the mechanical loss caused by the ultrahigh rotating speed of the motor can be considered, and the iron loss, the copper loss of the winding, the wind friction loss and the eddy current loss of the rotor of the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor are separated and tested one by one; (4) the testing method is mainly based on two sets of motor platforms, utilizes a method of controlling variables by structural parameters to separate component loss, and is simple to operate and easy to realize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an idling motor platform of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a platform of the twin-drag motor of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a loss separating apparatus for an ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor includes: a set of no-load motor platforms and a set of counter-trailing motor platforms; the structure parameters of an electric motor part and a dragging motor part in the dragging motor platform are completely consistent with those of a no-load motor platform, and various loss values of the motor are compared and separated by controlling the structure difference of the two platforms.
The no-load motor platform comprises a single-end integrated mechanical bearing 1, a rotor structure 2, a stator structure 3, a shell and an end cover; the stator structure 3 and the single-end integrated mechanical bearing 1 are fixedly assembled at two axial ends of the shell respectively; the rotor structure 2 and the single-end integral mechanical bearing 1 are coaxially matched, the rotor structure 2 and the stator structure 3 are aligned in the axial direction, and a certain air gap is reserved in the radial direction; the end cover and the shell are fixedly assembled to play a role in sealing the inner cavity of the motor.
The counter-dragging motor platform comprises a single-end integral mechanical bearing 1, a rotor structure 2 and a stator structure 3; the rotor structure 2 and the stator structure 3 are symmetrically installed by taking the single-end integral mechanical bearing 1 as a center, and respectively form an electric motor part and a dragging motor part; the rotor rotating shafts of the electric motor part and the dragging motor part are coaxially connected and share a set of integral mechanical ball bearing.
The structural parameters of the electric motor part in the dragging motor platform, the dragging motor part and the electric motor part in the no-load motor platform are completely consistent.
As shown in fig. 3, correspondingly, a loss separation method of a loss separation device of an ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor includes the following steps:
the method for testing and separating the stator core loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps of:
(1) will be paired withThe dragging motor part of the dragging motor platform is provided with a stator, but the winding is arranged in an open circuit mode, then the rotor is dragged to a rated rotating speed through the electric motor part, and the active power at the input side of the electric motor is measured by a power analyzer and is recorded as P1；
(2) The method comprises the steps of installing a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform without a stator, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through the electric motor part, measuring active power at the input side of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording the active power as P2；
(3) Measuring the difference P between the two active powers in the step (1) and the step (2)1-P2For the iron loss P of the motor to be measuredFe；
The method for testing and separating the stator winding loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(4) measuring the resistance value R of the stator phase winding by using an LCR bridge;
(5) measuring a current value I under a rated working condition by using a current probe and an oscilloscope;
(6) using the results obtained in step (4) and step (5), according to Pcu＝mI2R can directly calculate the stator winding loss Pcu(ii) a In the formula, m is the number of motor phases;
the method for testing and separating the rotor wind friction loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(7) assembling a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform without a stator, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through an electric motor part, measuring the input active power of the electric motor by using a power analyzer, and recording as P3；
(8) The no-load motor platform is operated to a rated rotating speed, the input active power of the motor is measured by a power analyzer and is recorded as P4；
(9) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (7) and the active power measured twice in the step (8)3-P4For the wind friction loss P of the tested motorair；
The method for testing and separating the eddy current loss of the rotor by using the loss separation device of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor comprises the following steps:
(10) carrying out rotor locked-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P5；
(11) Carrying out no-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, and measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P6；
(12) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (11) and the active power measured twice in the step (12)5-P6For the eddy current loss P of the measured motor rotore。
Claims (5)
1. A loss separation device for an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor is characterized by comprising: a set of no-load motor platforms and a set of counter-trailing motor platforms; the structure parameters of an electric motor part and a dragging motor part in the dragging motor platform are completely consistent with those of a no-load motor platform, and various loss values of the motor are compared and separated by controlling the structure difference of the two platforms.
2. The ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor loss decoupling device of claim 1 wherein the unloaded motor platform comprises a single-ended integral mechanical bearing, a rotor structure, a stator structure, a housing, and an end cap; the stator structure and the single-end integrated mechanical bearing are fixedly assembled at two axial ends of the shell respectively; the rotor structure and the single-end integral mechanical bearing are coaxially matched, the rotor structure and the stator structure are aligned in the axial direction, and a certain air gap is reserved in the radial direction; the end cover is fixedly assembled with the shell.
3. The ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor loss decoupling device of claim 1 wherein the split-drive motor platform comprises a single-ended integral mechanical bearing, a rotor structure, a stator structure; the rotor structure and the stator structure are symmetrically installed by taking the single-end integral mechanical bearing as a center, and respectively form an electric motor part and a dragging motor part; the rotor rotating shafts of the electric motor part and the dragging motor part are coaxially connected and share a set of integral mechanical ball bearing.
4. The loss separation apparatus of an ultra high speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the structural parameters of the electric motor portion of the opposite traction motor platform, the traction motor portion and the electric motor portion of the no-load motor platform are completely identical.
5. A loss separation method using the loss separation apparatus for an ultra high speed permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method for testing and separating the stator core loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps of:
(1) the method comprises the steps of installing a stator on a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform, arranging open-circuit windings, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through an electric motor part, measuring active power at the input side of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording the active power as P1；
(2) The method comprises the steps of installing a dragging motor part of a dragging motor platform without a stator, dragging a rotor to a rated rotating speed through the electric motor part, measuring active power at the input side of the electric motor by a power analyzer, and recording the active power as P2；
(3) Measuring the difference P between the two active powers in the step (1) and the step (2)1-P2For the iron loss P of the motor to be measuredFe；
The method for testing and separating the stator winding loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(4) measuring the resistance value R of the stator phase winding by using an LCR bridge;
(5) measuring a current value I under a rated working condition by using a current probe and an oscilloscope;
(6) using the results obtained in step (4) and step (5), according to Pcu＝mI2R can directly calculate the stator winding loss Pcu(ii) a In the formula, m is the number of motor phases;
the method for testing and separating the rotor wind friction loss by using the ultrahigh-speed permanent magnet motor loss separation device comprises the following steps:
(7) will drag the electrical machinery flatThe dragging motor part of the platform is assembled without a stator, the rotor is dragged to a rated rotating speed through the electric motor part, and the input active power of the electric motor is measured by a power analyzer and is recorded as P3；
(8) The no-load motor platform is operated to a rated rotating speed, the input active power of the motor is measured by a power analyzer and is recorded as P4；
(9) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (7) and the active power measured twice in the step (8)3-P4For the wind friction loss P of the tested motorair；
The method for testing and separating the eddy current loss of the rotor by using the loss separation device of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor comprises the following steps:
(10) carrying out rotor locked-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P5；
(11) Carrying out no-rotor experiment on the no-load motor platform, ensuring that the current amplitude and frequency of the experiment are consistent with the rated working condition, and measuring the input power of the motor, and recording as P6；
(12) The difference P between the active power measured twice in the step (11) and the active power measured twice in the step (12)5-P6For the eddy current loss P of the measured motor rotore。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102589914A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-18 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | All-digital testbed for electric pitch control system of wind generating set |
| CN102645632A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Efficiency test system and control method for no-angle sensor of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN103675467A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京交通大学 | Loss test method for permanent magnet motor |
| CN109375102A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-22 | 西安交通大学 | The method for measuring the rotor copper loss as caused by harmonic wave under variable-frequency motor no-load condition |
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- 2021-05-26 CN CN202110576861.4A patent/CN113447814A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589914A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-18 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | All-digital testbed for electric pitch control system of wind generating set |
| CN102645632A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Efficiency test system and control method for no-angle sensor of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN103675467A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 北京交通大学 | Loss test method for permanent magnet motor |
| CN109375102A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-22 | 西安交通大学 | The method for measuring the rotor copper loss as caused by harmonic wave under variable-frequency motor no-load condition |
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