CN113446077B - Temperature optimization method for organic Rankine cycle system with heat conduction oil circulation - Google Patents

Temperature optimization method for organic Rankine cycle system with heat conduction oil circulation Download PDF

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CN113446077B
CN113446077B CN202110668609.6A CN202110668609A CN113446077B CN 113446077 B CN113446077 B CN 113446077B CN 202110668609 A CN202110668609 A CN 202110668609A CN 113446077 B CN113446077 B CN 113446077B
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纪捷
朱跃伍
王夫诚
张佳钰
秦泾鑫
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Abstract

本发明涉及低温余热回收技术领域,公开了一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法,针对具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统中的蒸发器与冷凝器的蒸发温度与冷凝温度进行优化,对灰狼算法进行改进,对其位置更新公式的非线性改进,改进其收敛因子加入拉丁超立方体抽样和混沌搜索,提高算法寻优能力和速度,防止陷入局部最优。结合改进后的灰狼算法实现对蒸发温度和冷凝温度的优化,从而达到优化有机朗肯循环系统整体性能的效果,与现有的技术相比,本发明能够提高对能源利用率,同时提高系统的热效率和输出功率。

Figure 202110668609

The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature waste heat recovery, and discloses a method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat-conducting oil circulation, aiming at the evaporation temperature and condensation of the evaporator and condenser in the organic Rankine cycle system with heat-conducting oil circulation The temperature is optimized, the gray wolf algorithm is improved, the non-linear improvement of its position update formula is improved, and its convergence factor is improved by adding Latin hypercube sampling and chaotic search to improve the algorithm's optimization ability and speed, and prevent it from falling into local optimum. Combined with the improved gray wolf algorithm to optimize the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature, so as to achieve the effect of optimizing the overall performance of the organic Rankine cycle system. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can improve the energy utilization rate and improve the system thermal efficiency and output power.

Figure 202110668609

Description

一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法A Method for Optimizing Temperature of Organic Rankine Cycle System with Thermal Oil Circulation

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及低温余热回收技术领域,具体涉及一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法。The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature waste heat recovery, in particular to a method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation.

背景技术Background technique

随着工业化进程的加快,能源紧缺问题已经成为全球化的问题。伴随着化石燃料的燃烧,环境污染问题日益严重,能源危机已经成为威胁我们生命的紧急问题。人类离不开能源,但是并非所有能源都是可持续的。因此,人们开始将注意力从化石能源转移到清洁,可再生能源和工业废能源,以减少污染并以更有效的方式利用能源。可再生能源,例如风能,太阳能和地热能等能源越来越受到重视。工业生产过程中,内燃机或燃气轮机排放大量高温废气,废气温度通常超过200℃,而工业废水中蕴含大量的中低温热量,但是这些热量回收利用率低,大部分被当作废热排掉,造成能源的浪费。因此需要一种有效的能源回收利用手段,以提高能源利用率,减少环境污染,从而实现可持续发展目标。有机朗肯循环系统(ORC)以废热或可再生能源为热源,将热能转换为电能,正是提高能源利用率的一种有效途径。With the acceleration of the industrialization process, the problem of energy shortage has become a global problem. With the burning of fossil fuels, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, and the energy crisis has become an urgent problem that threatens our lives. Human beings cannot live without energy, but not all energy sources are sustainable. Therefore, people began to shift their attention from fossil energy to clean, renewable energy and industrial waste energy to reduce pollution and use energy in a more efficient manner. Renewable energy sources such as wind, solar and geothermal energy are gaining more and more attention. In the process of industrial production, internal combustion engines or gas turbines emit a large amount of high-temperature exhaust gas, and the temperature of the exhaust gas usually exceeds 200°C, while industrial wastewater contains a large amount of medium and low temperature heat, but the recovery rate of these heat is low, and most of them are discharged as waste heat, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, an effective means of energy recovery and utilization is needed to improve energy utilization and reduce environmental pollution, so as to achieve sustainable development goals. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) uses waste heat or renewable energy as a heat source to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, which is an effective way to improve energy utilization.

传统有机朗肯循环系统虽然提高了能源利用率,但是系统的热效率和净输出功率受到许多因素影响,如热源温度、工质、透平效率等等,因此系统的性能不够稳定和优越,存在着一定的局限性。Although the traditional organic Rankine cycle system improves energy utilization, the thermal efficiency and net output power of the system are affected by many factors, such as heat source temperature, working fluid, turbine efficiency, etc., so the performance of the system is not stable and superior, and there are Certain limitations.

蒸发器和冷凝器作为有机朗肯循环系统的关键组分,其温度的变化对系统性影响很大。蒸发温度是有机朗肯循环系统中的重要参数。在有机朗肯循环系统中,蒸发温度直接影响循环工质在蒸发器和膨胀机内的热力学状态参数,进而影响循环工质的流量、循环泵功耗以及单位工质在膨胀机内的焓降等,进而影响系统的热效率和净输出功率。在亚临界有机朗肯循环系统中,蒸发温度受工质临界温度和热源流体进口温度的限制。有机朗肯循环系统运行时,如果蒸发温度无限接近工质临界温度,由于两相区焓升趋于零,可能导致工质流量过大,工质在膨胀机中出现湿气状态,工质稳定性也会受到影响。因此,蒸发温度是影响着系统性能和稳定性的关键因素。The evaporator and condenser are the key components of the organic Rankine cycle system, and their temperature changes have a great influence on the system. The evaporation temperature is an important parameter in the organic Rankine cycle system. In the organic Rankine cycle system, the evaporation temperature directly affects the thermodynamic state parameters of the circulating working fluid in the evaporator and expander, and then affects the flow rate of the circulating working fluid, the power consumption of the circulating pump and the enthalpy drop of the unit working fluid in the expander etc., which in turn affects the thermal efficiency and net output power of the system. In a subcritical ORC system, the evaporation temperature is limited by the critical temperature of the working fluid and the inlet temperature of the heat source fluid. When the organic Rankine cycle system is running, if the evaporation temperature is infinitely close to the critical temperature of the working medium, the enthalpy rise in the two-phase region tends to zero, which may cause the flow rate of the working medium to be too large, and the working medium will appear in a wet state in the expander, and the working medium will be stable Sex can also be affected. Therefore, the evaporation temperature is a key factor affecting the system performance and stability.

冷凝器同样是有机朗肯循环系统中的关键设备,冷凝温度是影响冷却水循环中泵功消耗的关键因素,冷凝温度的降低,透平输出功增加,冷却水流量也增大,导致循环水泵功增大。冷凝温度的变化也影响着系统的净输出功,冷凝温度如果小于最佳冷凝温度,净输出功随冷凝温度的降低而急剧下降。The condenser is also the key equipment in the organic Rankine cycle system. The condensation temperature is a key factor affecting the pump work consumption in the cooling water cycle. The decrease of the condensation temperature increases the output work of the turbine and the flow of cooling water. increase. The change of condensing temperature also affects the net output work of the system. If the condensing temperature is lower than the optimum condensing temperature, the net output work will drop sharply with the decrease of condensing temperature.

为了提高余热的利用效率,提升有机朗肯循环发电系统的稳定性,因此需要对有机朗肯循环系统的关键运行参数进行优化,使系统运行在最佳蒸发温度和最佳冷凝温度,保持最佳运行状态,进而提升系统的综合性能。In order to improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat and improve the stability of the organic rankine cycle power generation system, it is necessary to optimize the key operating parameters of the organic rankine cycle system to make the system operate at the best evaporation temperature and the best condensation temperature, and maintain the best operating status, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

现有优化方案中,人工调节参数的难度大而且优化效果很难达到理想,不能全面反应系统性能,算法的运用如遗传算法等虽然提升了寻优速度,但是这类算法出现的年代比较久远,算法本身存在着缺陷,寻优精度不够优越。In the existing optimization schemes, it is difficult to manually adjust the parameters and the optimization effect is difficult to achieve the ideal, which cannot fully reflect the system performance. Although the use of algorithms such as genetic algorithms has improved the optimization speed, such algorithms have appeared for a long time. There are defects in the algorithm itself, and the optimization accuracy is not superior enough.

因此急需一种寻优速度快、精确性高的新型算法用于有机朗肯循环系统的参数优化,最大程度上提升发电系统的热效率和净输出功率,同时又能满足环境保护和节约运行成本的要求。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new algorithm with fast optimization speed and high accuracy to optimize the parameters of the organic Rankine cycle system, so as to maximize the thermal efficiency and net output power of the power generation system, while meeting the requirements of environmental protection and saving operating costs. Require.

发明内容Contents of the invention

发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法,能够实现热源深度利用,最大限度的提高余热利用率和系统净输出功率,全面提升系统综合性能。Purpose of the invention: Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat conduction oil circulation, which can realize the deep utilization of heat sources, maximize the utilization rate of waste heat and the net output power of the system, Improve overall system performance.

技术方案:本发明提供了一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法,包括如下步骤:Technical solution: The present invention provides a method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation, comprising the following steps:

步骤1:获取有机朗肯循环系统的当前蒸发器、冷凝器的蒸发温度与冷凝温度,根据质量能量守恒定律,建立蒸发器和冷凝器的动态数学模型;并对模型参数初始化,所述参数包括种群大小,最大迭代次数和维度;Step 1: Obtain the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of the current evaporator and condenser of the organic Rankine cycle system, and establish a dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator and condenser according to the law of conservation of mass and energy; and initialize the model parameters, which include Population size, maximum number of iterations and dimensions;

步骤2:使用拉丁超立方体抽样初始化种群,确定收敛因子a和系数向量A、C,所述收敛因子a通过如下公式确定:Step 2: Use Latin hypercube sampling to initialize the population, determine the convergence factor a and the coefficient vectors A, C, and the convergence factor a is determined by the following formula:

Figure BDA0003117925840000021
Figure BDA0003117925840000021

其中,tmax为最大迭代次数;Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations;

步骤3:计算灰狼个体的适应度值,保存适应度最好的前3匹狼为α,β和δ;Step 3: Calculate the fitness value of gray wolf individuals, and save the top three wolves with the best fitness as α, β and δ;

步骤4:基于改进的位置更新策略,对当前灰狼位置进行更新,所述改进的位置更新策略为对位置更新公式进行非线性改进;Step 4: Based on the improved position update strategy, the current gray wolf position is updated, and the improved position update strategy is a non-linear improvement to the position update formula;

步骤5:更新a、A和C,计算全部灰狼的适应度值,选取适应度靠前的n个智能个体;Step 5: Update a, A and C, calculate the fitness value of all gray wolves, and select n intelligent individuals with the highest fitness;

步骤6:对适应度靠前的n个智能个体种群进行混沌搜索,更新最优解α,优解β和次优解δ;Step 6: Perform chaotic search on the n intelligent individual populations with the highest fitness, and update the optimal solution α, the optimal solution β and the suboptimal solution δ;

步骤7:判断是否达到最大迭代次数,如果达到最大迭代次数,则输出最优结果,结束优化过程,否则返回步骤4。Step 7: Judging whether the maximum number of iterations is reached, if the maximum number of iterations is reached, then output the optimal result and end the optimization process, otherwise return to step 4.

进一步地,所述步骤1中建立蒸发器和冷凝器的动态数学模型是以如下条件为前提:假设有机工质及冷却水在蒸发器和冷凝器内均作一维流动,忽略压降和能量损耗等外部条件的影响,采用移动边界法,将蒸发器分为过冷区、两相区以及过热区三个部分,将制冷剂在冷凝器内分为过热区、冷凝区以及过冷区。Further, the establishment of the dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator and condenser in the step 1 is based on the following conditions: assuming that the organic working fluid and the cooling water are all in one-dimensional flow in the evaporator and condenser, ignoring the pressure drop and energy In order to avoid the influence of external conditions such as loss, the moving boundary method is used to divide the evaporator into three parts: subcooling zone, two-phase zone and superheating zone, and the refrigerant in the condenser is divided into superheating zone, condensation zone and supercooling zone.

进一步地,所述步骤2中拉丁超立方体抽样具体步骤如下:Further, the specific steps of Latin hypercube sampling in the step 2 are as follows:

步骤2.1:确定维度大小的空间为N,并将每一维分成相互不重迭的m个区间,使得每个区间有相同的概率;Step 2.1: Determine the size of the dimension space as N, and divide each dimension into m non-overlapping intervals, so that each interval has the same probability;

步骤2.2:在每一维里的每一个区间中随机的抽取一个点;Step 2.2: Randomly select a point in each interval in each dimension;

步骤2.3:再从每一维里随机抽出步骤2.2中选取的点,将它们组成向量。Step 2.3: Randomly extract the points selected in step 2.2 from each dimension, and form them into a vector.

进一步地,所述步骤6中进行混沌搜索具体为:运用Tent映射进行局部搜索优化,其公式如下:Further, performing chaotic search in step 6 is specifically: using Tent mapping to perform local search optimization, the formula of which is as follows:

Figure BDA0003117925840000031
Figure BDA0003117925840000031

式中,xn的取值范围为[0,1]。In the formula, the value range of x n is [0,1].

进一步地,所述步骤4中为对位置更新公式进行非线性改进,具体为:Further, in the step 4, a non-linear improvement is performed on the position update formula, specifically:

Figure BDA0003117925840000032
Figure BDA0003117925840000032

其中,tmax是最大迭代次数,X1、X2、X3是灰狼个体朝向α、β和δ前进的方向,是三个向量。Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations, X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 are the directions of gray wolf individuals moving toward α, β, and δ, which are three vectors.

进一步地,所述具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统包括有机朗肯循环系统、预热循环系统与导热油循环系统,所述预热循环系统与所述有机朗肯循环系统连接,用于对有机朗肯循环系统中的工质进行预热;所述导热油循环系统与所述有机朗肯循环系统连接,所述导热油循环系统中的导热油加热后送入所述有机朗肯循环系统中,与流经所述有机朗肯循环系统的工质进行热交换,以实现对工质的蒸发。Further, the organic Rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation includes an organic Rankine cycle system, a preheating cycle system and a heat transfer oil cycle system, and the preheating cycle system is connected to the organic Rankine cycle system for Preheating the working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle system; the heat transfer oil circulation system is connected to the organic Rankine cycle system, and the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil cycle system is heated and sent into the organic Rankine cycle In the system, heat exchange is performed with the working fluid flowing through the organic Rankine cycle system to realize the evaporation of the working fluid.

进一步地,所述有机朗肯循环系统包括蒸发器、膨胀机、发电机、冷凝器、工质泵、预热器,所述蒸发器与所述膨胀机连接,所述膨胀机与所述发电机连接,所述膨胀机输出端与所述冷凝器连接,所述冷凝器与所述预热器之间通过工质泵连接,所述预热器输出端与所述蒸发器连接,所述预热循环系统与所述预热器连接,所述导热油循环系统与所述蒸发器连接。Further, the organic Rankine cycle system includes an evaporator, an expander, a generator, a condenser, a working medium pump, and a preheater, the evaporator is connected to the expander, and the expander is connected to the power generation The output end of the expander is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to the preheater through a working medium pump, the output end of the preheater is connected to the evaporator, and the The preheating circulation system is connected with the preheater, and the heat transfer oil circulation system is connected with the evaporator.

进一步地,所述预热循环系统由柴油机与所述预热器组成,所述预热器设置有预热器有机工质入口、预热器有机工质出口、预热器夹套水入口以及预热器夹套水出口,所述柴油机设置有柴油机夹套水入口、柴油机夹套水出口,所述柴油机夹套水出口与预热器夹套水入口连接,所述预热器夹套水出口与所述柴油机夹套水入口连接;所述预热器有机工质入口与所述冷凝器通过所述工质泵连接;所述预热器有机工质出口与所述蒸发器连接。Further, the preheating circulation system is composed of a diesel engine and the preheater, and the preheater is provided with a preheater organic working medium inlet, a preheater organic working medium outlet, a preheater jacket water inlet and Preheater jacket water outlet, the diesel engine is provided with a diesel engine jacket water inlet, a diesel engine jacket water outlet, the diesel engine jacket water outlet is connected to the preheater jacket water inlet, and the preheater jacket water The outlet is connected to the jacket water inlet of the diesel engine; the organic working medium inlet of the preheater is connected to the condenser through the working medium pump; the organic working medium outlet of the preheater is connected to the evaporator.

进一步地,所述导热油循环系统由换热器、所述蒸发器以及油泵组成,所述换热器设有换热器导热油入口、换热器导热油出口,所述蒸发器设有蒸发器有机工质入口、预热器有机工质出口、蒸发器导热油入口以及蒸发器导热油出口;所述换热器导热油入口与所述蒸发器导热油入口连接,所述蒸发器导热油出口与所述换热器导热油入口通过油泵连接;所述蒸发器有机工质入口与所述预热器有机工质出口连接,所述预热器有机工质出口与所述膨胀机输入端连接。Further, the heat transfer oil circulation system is composed of a heat exchanger, the evaporator and an oil pump, the heat exchanger is provided with a heat transfer oil inlet of the heat exchanger, and a heat transfer oil outlet of the heat exchanger, and the evaporator is provided with an evaporation The organic working medium inlet of the preheater, the organic working medium outlet of the preheater, the heat transfer oil inlet of the evaporator, and the heat transfer oil outlet of the evaporator; the heat transfer oil inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the heat transfer oil inlet of the evaporator, and the heat transfer oil of the evaporator The outlet is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the heat exchanger through an oil pump; the organic working medium inlet of the evaporator is connected to the organic working medium outlet of the preheater, and the organic working medium outlet of the preheater is connected to the input port of the expander connect.

进一步地,所述柴油机上还设置有柴油机余热烟气出口,所述换热器上还设有换热器余热烟气入口以及换热器余热烟气出口,所述柴油机余热烟气出口与所述换热器余热烟气入口连接,所述换热器余热烟气出口直接通过管道排出。Further, the diesel engine is also provided with a waste heat flue gas outlet of the diesel engine, and the heat exchanger is also provided with a heat exchanger waste heat flue gas inlet and a heat exchanger waste heat flue gas outlet, and the diesel engine waste heat flue gas outlet is connected to the The waste heat flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected, and the waste heat flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger is directly discharged through the pipeline.

有益效果:Beneficial effect:

1、本发明结合改进的灰狼算法针对蒸发温度和冷凝温度进行优化,使系统获得最佳运行参数,提高了系统热效率和净输出功率,同时也提升了系统运行的稳定性,系统的综合性能得到改善。1. The present invention combines the improved gray wolf algorithm to optimize the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature, so that the system can obtain the best operating parameters, improve the thermal efficiency and net output power of the system, and also improve the stability of the system operation and the comprehensive performance of the system Improved.

2、本发明运用拉丁超立方体采样对灰狼种群进行初始化,拉丁超立方抽样比起普通的抽样方法更加的高效。拉丁超立方体采样具有均匀分层的特性,还可以在较少抽样的情况下,得到尾部的样本值,所以拉丁超立方抽样比起普通的抽样方法更加的高效。2. The present invention uses Latin hypercube sampling to initialize the gray wolf population, and Latin hypercube sampling is more efficient than ordinary sampling methods. Latin hypercube sampling has the characteristics of uniform stratification, and can also obtain tail sample values with less sampling, so Latin hypercube sampling is more efficient than ordinary sampling methods.

3、根据传统灰狼算法存在收敛速度较慢、不稳定、易陷入局部最优等问题,本发明运用Tent映射进行局部搜索优化,提高算法精确性,防止陷入局部最优。本发明将位置更新公式非线性化,其平衡了全局搜索和局部搜索过程。设计一种非线性收敛因子调整策略,准确反映复杂的追捕过程。3. According to the problems of slow convergence speed, instability, and easy to fall into local optimum in the traditional gray wolf algorithm, the present invention uses Tent mapping for local search optimization to improve the accuracy of the algorithm and prevent it from falling into local optimum. The present invention nonlinearizes the position update formula, which balances the global search and local search processes. A nonlinear convergence factor adjustment strategy is designed to accurately reflect the complex pursuit process.

4、与传统的有机朗肯循环系统相比,本发明通过增加预热循环系统与导热油循环系统,首先利用预热循环系统对有机朗肯循环系统中的工质余热后再进入蒸发器,便于工质蒸发,另外通过增加导热油循环系统,利用加热后的导热油对有机朗肯循环系统中的工质加热蒸发处理,使得有机朗肯循环系统持续循环,能提升发电系统的稳定性。4. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle system, the present invention increases the preheating cycle system and the heat conduction oil cycle system, first utilizes the preheating cycle system to heat the waste heat of the working medium in the organic Rankine cycle system and then enters the evaporator, It is convenient for the evaporation of the working fluid. In addition, by adding a heat transfer oil circulation system, the heated heat transfer oil is used to heat and evaporate the working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle system, so that the organic Rankine cycle system can continue to circulate, which can improve the stability of the power generation system.

5、本发明柴油机的夹套水用来对工质进行预热,提高了后续环节中工质的蒸发效果,使工质完全蒸发为高温高压气体后进入膨胀机,提高发电能力的同时提高了低温余热的利用率。5. The jacket water of the diesel engine of the present invention is used to preheat the working medium, which improves the evaporation effect of the working medium in the subsequent link, makes the working medium completely evaporate into high-temperature and high-pressure gas and then enters the expander, and improves the power generation capacity while improving Utilization of low temperature waste heat.

6、本发明导热油循环的存在,还充分利用了柴油机余热烟气的热量,导热油在回路中的循环,不停地为工质加热,使其完全蒸发。导热油持续对余热烟气的热量进行吸收,不仅提高了有机朗肯循环中工质蒸发状态的稳定性,也提升了系统对余热能源的持续利用能力,减少能源浪费,与预热环节的相结合,实现对能源的深度利用。6. The existence of heat transfer oil circulation in the present invention also makes full use of the heat of waste heat flue gas of diesel engine, and the circulation of heat transfer oil in the circuit continuously heats the working medium to make it evaporate completely. The heat transfer oil continuously absorbs the heat of the waste heat flue gas, which not only improves the stability of the vaporization state of the working medium in the organic Rankine cycle, but also improves the system's continuous utilization of waste heat energy, reducing energy waste, and the correlation with the preheating link. Combined to realize the deep utilization of energy.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明具有导热油循环的有机朗肯系统结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the organic Rankine system structure schematic diagram that the present invention has heat conduction oil circulation;

图2为本发明的算法流程图;Fig. 2 is the algorithm flowchart of the present invention;

图3为本发明的一次能源节约率对比图;Fig. 3 is a comparison chart of primary energy saving rate of the present invention;

图4为工质为R245fa循环热效率随热源温度变化对比图;Figure 4 is a comparison chart of the thermal efficiency of the cycle of R245fa as the working fluid varies with the temperature of the heat source;

图5为工质为R245fa循环

Figure BDA0003117925840000051
效率随热源温度变化对比图。Figure 5 shows that the working fluid is R245fa cycle
Figure BDA0003117925840000051
Efficiency versus heat source temperature comparison chart.

其中,1为蒸发器,2为膨胀机,3为发电机,4为冷凝器,5为工质泵,6为预热器,7为油泵,8为换热器,9为柴油机,11为蒸发器有机工质入口,12为蒸发器有机工质出口,13为膨胀机有机工质入口,14为膨胀机有机工质出口,15为冷凝器有机工质入口,16为冷凝器有机工质出口,17为预热器有机工质入口,18为预热器有机工质出口,19为蒸发器导热油入口,20为蒸发器导热油出口,21为换热器导热油入口,22为换热器导热油出口,23为换热器余热烟气入口,24为换热器余热烟气出口,25为预热器夹套水入口,26为预热器夹套水出口,27为柴油机夹套水入口,28为柴油机夹套水出口,29为柴油机余热烟气出口。。Among them, 1 is evaporator, 2 is expander, 3 is generator, 4 is condenser, 5 is working medium pump, 6 is preheater, 7 is oil pump, 8 is heat exchanger, 9 is diesel engine, 11 is 12 is the organic working medium outlet of the evaporator, 13 is the organic working medium inlet of the expander, 14 is the organic working medium outlet of the expander, 15 is the organic working medium inlet of the condenser, and 16 is the organic working medium of the condenser Outlet, 17 is the inlet of preheater organic working fluid, 18 is the outlet of organic working fluid of preheater, 19 is the inlet of evaporator heat transfer oil, 20 is the outlet of evaporator heat transfer oil, 21 is the inlet of heat transfer oil of heat exchanger, 22 is the outlet of heat exchanger The outlet of the heat transfer oil of the heat exchanger, 23 is the inlet of the waste heat flue gas of the heat exchanger, 24 is the outlet of the waste heat flue gas of the heat exchanger, 25 is the inlet of the jacket water of the preheater, 26 is the outlet of the jacket water of the preheater, and 27 is the diesel engine clamp Jacket water inlet, 28 is the jacket water outlet of the diesel engine, and 29 is the waste heat flue gas outlet of the diesel engine. .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明提出的一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法,其基于一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统来实现,系统具体结构如图1所示,包括有机朗肯循环系统、预热循环系统和导热油循环系统,预热循环系统与有机朗肯循环系统连接,用于对有机朗肯循环系统中的工质进行预热;导热油循环系统与有机朗肯循环系统连接,导热油循环系统中的导热油加热后送入有机朗肯循环系统中,与流经有机朗肯循环系统的工质进行热交换,以实现对工质的蒸发。预热循环系统还与导热油循环系统连接,预热循环系统为导热油循环系统连接提供余热,对导热油循环系统中的导热油加热。A method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation proposed by the present invention is realized based on an organic rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation. The specific structure of the system is shown in Figure 1, including the organic rankine cycle Circulation system, preheating circulation system and heat transfer oil circulation system, the preheating circulation system is connected with the organic Rankine cycle system to preheat the working medium in the organic Rankine cycle system; the heat transfer oil circulation system and the organic Rankine cycle The system is connected, and the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil circulation system is heated and sent to the organic Rankine cycle system to exchange heat with the working fluid flowing through the organic Rankine cycle system to realize the evaporation of the working fluid. The preheating circulation system is also connected with the heat transfer oil circulation system, and the preheating circulation system provides waste heat for the connection of the heat transfer oil circulation system, and heats the heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil circulation system.

具体包括蒸发器1、膨胀机2、发电机3、冷凝器4、工质泵5、预热器6、油泵7、换热器8、柴油机9。导热油循环系统由换热器8、蒸发器1和油泵7组成,预热循环系统由柴油机9和预热器6组成。It specifically includes an evaporator 1, an expander 2, a generator 3, a condenser 4, a working medium pump 5, a preheater 6, an oil pump 7, a heat exchanger 8, and a diesel engine 9. The heat transfer oil circulation system is composed of a heat exchanger 8 , an evaporator 1 and an oil pump 7 , and the preheating circulation system is composed of a diesel engine 9 and a preheater 6 .

蒸发器1上设有蒸发器有机工质入口11、蒸发器有机工质出口12、蒸发器导热油入口19以及蒸发器导热油出口20。The evaporator 1 is provided with an evaporator organic working medium inlet 11 , an evaporator organic working medium outlet 12 , an evaporator heat transfer oil inlet 19 and an evaporator heat transfer oil outlet 20 .

膨胀机2上设有膨胀机有机工质入口13、膨胀机有机工质出口14。The expander 2 is provided with an expander organic working medium inlet 13 and an expander organic working medium outlet 14 .

冷凝器4设有冷凝器有机工质入口15、冷凝器有机工质出口16。The condenser 4 is provided with a condenser organic working medium inlet 15 and a condenser organic working medium outlet 16 .

预热器6上设有预热器有机工质入口17、预热器有机工质出口18、预热器夹套水入口25以及预热器夹套水出口26。The preheater 6 is provided with a preheater organic working medium inlet 17 , a preheater organic working medium outlet 18 , a preheater jacket water inlet 25 and a preheater jacket water outlet 26 .

换热器8上设有换热器导热油入口21、换热器导热油出口22、换热器余热烟气入口23以及换热器余热烟气出口24。The heat exchanger 8 is provided with a heat transfer oil inlet 21 , a heat transfer oil outlet 22 , a waste heat flue gas inlet 23 of the heat exchanger, and a waste heat flue gas outlet 24 of the heat exchanger.

柴油机9上设有柴油机夹套水入口27、柴油机夹套水出口28以及柴油机余热烟气出口29。The diesel engine 9 is provided with a diesel engine jacket water inlet 27 , a diesel engine jacket water outlet 28 and a diesel engine waste heat flue gas outlet 29 .

在有机朗肯环节中,蒸发器1的蒸发器有机工质出口12与膨胀机2的膨胀机有机工质入口13相连,膨胀机有机工质出口14与冷凝器有机工质入口15连接,冷凝器有机工质出口16与工质泵5输入端连接,工质泵5输出端与预热器有机工质入口17连接,预热器有机工质出口18与蒸发器有机工质入口11连接。In the organic Rankine link, the evaporator organic working medium outlet 12 of the evaporator 1 is connected to the expander organic working medium inlet 13 of the expander 2, and the expander organic working medium outlet 14 is connected to the condenser organic working medium inlet 15, condensing The organic working medium outlet 16 of the machine is connected to the input end of the working medium pump 5, the output end of the working medium pump 5 is connected to the organic working medium inlet 17 of the preheater, and the organic working medium outlet 18 of the preheater is connected to the organic working medium inlet 11 of the evaporator.

工质在蒸发器1内蒸发为高温高压气体,经蒸发器有机工质出口12流出进入膨胀机2做功,发电机3进行发电工作。工质由膨胀机2的膨胀机有机工质出口14流出,经冷凝器有机工质入口15进入冷凝器4,气态工质此时被冷凝为液态工质,经冷凝器工质出口16后流出。冷凝器有机工质出口16和预热器有机工质入口17相连,二者之间连有工质泵5,目的是将工质加压后送入预热器6内,为工质的循环提供动力。工质由预热器有机工质入口17进入预热器6,被热源预热后,经预热器有机工质出口18流出,送入蒸发器1的蒸发器有机工质入口11,工质在蒸发器1内被热源蒸发为高温高压气体,经蒸发器有机工质出口12进入膨胀机2,由此完成有机朗肯循环。The working medium evaporates in the evaporator 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, flows out through the outlet 12 of the organic working medium of the evaporator, enters the expander 2 to do work, and the generator 3 performs power generation. The working medium flows out from the organic working medium outlet 14 of the expander 2, and enters the condenser 4 through the organic working medium inlet 15 of the condenser. . The organic working medium outlet 16 of the condenser is connected to the organic working medium inlet 17 of the preheater, and a working medium pump 5 is connected between the two. Provide power. The working fluid enters the preheater 6 from the organic working medium inlet 17 of the preheater. After being preheated by the heat source, it flows out through the organic working medium outlet 18 of the preheater and is sent to the evaporator organic working medium inlet 11 of the evaporator 1. In the evaporator 1, it is evaporated by the heat source into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and enters the expander 2 through the organic working medium outlet 12 of the evaporator, thereby completing the organic Rankine cycle.

预热循环环节中,预热循环由柴油机9和预热器6组成,柴油机夹套水出口28与预热器夹套水入口25相连,夹套水由柴油机夹套水出口28流出后经预热器夹套水入口25流入预热器6,对流经此处的工质进行预热。预热完毕,夹套水经预热器夹套水出口26流出后经柴油机夹套水入口27进入柴油机对柴油机进行冷却,由此完成预热循环。In the preheating cycle link, the preheating cycle is composed of a diesel engine 9 and a preheater 6. The jacket water outlet 28 of the diesel engine is connected with the jacket water inlet 25 of the preheater. The jacket water flows out from the jacket water outlet 28 of the diesel engine and is preheated The jacket water inlet 25 of the heater flows into the preheater 6 to preheat the working fluid passing through it. After the preheating is completed, the jacket water flows out through the jacket water outlet 26 of the preheater and then enters the diesel engine through the jacket water inlet 27 of the diesel engine to cool the diesel engine, thereby completing the preheating cycle.

导热油循环环节中,导热油循环包括换热器8、蒸发器1和油泵7,柴油机9的柴油机余热烟气出口29与换热器余热烟气入口23连接,换热器导热油出口与蒸发器导热油入口连接,蒸发器导热油出口20与换热器导热油入口连接,两者之间连接有油泵7。In the heat transfer oil cycle link, the heat transfer oil cycle includes a heat exchanger 8, an evaporator 1, and an oil pump 7. The diesel engine waste heat flue gas outlet 29 of the diesel engine 9 is connected to the heat exchanger waste heat flue gas inlet 23, and the heat transfer oil outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the evaporation The heat transfer oil inlet of the evaporator is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the evaporator, and the heat transfer oil outlet 20 of the evaporator is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the heat exchanger, and an oil pump 7 is connected between the two.

柴油机9排出的中低温余热烟气由柴油机余热烟气出口29排出,经换热器余热烟气入口23被送入到换热器8,对流经的导热油进行加热后由换热器8的换热器余热烟气出口24排出。导热油在换热器8内被加热后经换热器导热油出口22流出,通过蒸发器导热油入口19进入蒸发器1中,与流经此处的工质进行热交换,以实现对工质的蒸发。导热油经蒸发器导热油出口20流出蒸发器1,被油泵7加压后由换热器导热油入口21回到换热器8,继续与余热烟气进行换热,升温后的导热油由换热器导热油出口22流出,通过蒸发器导热油入口19进入蒸发器1中,由此实现导热油循环。The medium and low temperature waste heat exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 9 is discharged from the waste heat exhaust gas outlet 29 of the diesel engine, and sent to the heat exchanger 8 through the waste heat exhaust gas inlet 23 of the heat exchanger, and is heated by the heat transfer oil flowing through the heat exchanger 8. The waste heat flue gas outlet 24 of the heat exchanger is discharged. After being heated in the heat exchanger 8, the heat transfer oil flows out through the heat transfer oil outlet 22 of the heat exchanger, enters the evaporator 1 through the heat transfer oil inlet 19 of the evaporator, and exchanges heat with the working fluid passing through here, so as to realize the qualitative evaporation. The heat transfer oil flows out of the evaporator 1 through the heat transfer oil outlet 20 of the evaporator, is pressurized by the oil pump 7, and returns to the heat exchanger 8 through the heat transfer oil inlet 21 of the heat exchanger, and continues to exchange heat with the waste heat flue gas. The heat transfer oil outlet 22 of the heat exchanger flows out, and enters the evaporator 1 through the heat transfer oil inlet 19 of the evaporator, thereby realizing the heat transfer oil circulation.

本发明在使用时,首先柴油机排出的夹套水首先对有机朗肯循环的中的工质进行预热,排出的余热烟气经导热油循环实现对预热器流出工质的蒸发,蒸发后的工质进入膨胀机进行做功发电,工质经冷凝器冷凝后,被工质泵加压,最终回到预热器进行预热,以此循环。When the present invention is in use, the jacket water discharged from the diesel engine firstly preheats the working medium in the organic Rankine cycle, and the exhausted waste heat flue gas is circulated through the heat conduction oil to realize the evaporation of the working medium flowing out of the preheater. The working medium enters the expander for power generation, and after being condensed by the condenser, the working medium is pressurized by the working medium pump, and finally returns to the preheater for preheating, and thus circulates.

对于上述的具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统,其在工作过程中,蒸发器1与冷凝器4的蒸发温度与冷凝温度的变化对系统性影响很大。蒸发温度直接影响循环工质在蒸发器和膨胀机内的热力学状态参数,进而影响循环工质的流量、循环泵功耗以及单位工质在膨胀机内的焓降等,进而影响系统的热效率和净输出功率。冷凝温度是影响冷却水循环中泵功消耗的关键因素,冷凝温度的降低,透平输出功增加,冷却水流量也增大,导致循环水泵功增大。冷凝温度的变化也影响着系统的净输出功,冷凝温度如果小于最佳冷凝温度,净输出功随冷凝温度的降低而急剧下降。为了提高余热的利用效率,提升有机朗肯循环发电系统的稳定性,因此需要对有机朗肯循环系统的关键运行参数进行优化,使系统运行在最佳蒸发温度和最佳冷凝温度,保持最佳运行状态,进而提升系统的综合性能。For the above-mentioned organic Rankine cycle system with heat transfer oil circulation, during the working process, the change of the evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of the evaporator 1 and the condenser 4 has a great influence on the system. The evaporation temperature directly affects the thermodynamic state parameters of the circulating working fluid in the evaporator and expander, which in turn affects the flow rate of the circulating working fluid, the power consumption of the circulating pump, and the enthalpy drop of the unit working fluid in the expander, etc., which in turn affects the thermal efficiency and efficiency of the system. net output power. Condensation temperature is a key factor affecting pump work consumption in cooling water circulation. The decrease of condensing temperature will increase the output work of turbine and the flow rate of cooling water, which will lead to the increase of circulating water pump work. The change of condensing temperature also affects the net output work of the system. If the condensing temperature is lower than the optimum condensing temperature, the net output work will drop sharply with the decrease of condensing temperature. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of waste heat and improve the stability of the organic rankine cycle power generation system, it is necessary to optimize the key operating parameters of the organic rankine cycle system to make the system operate at the best evaporation temperature and the best condensation temperature, and maintain the best operating status, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

本发明公开了一种具有导热油循环的有机朗肯循环系统温度优化方法,主要包括如下步骤:The invention discloses a method for optimizing the temperature of an organic Rankine cycle system with heat conduction oil circulation, which mainly includes the following steps:

步骤1:获取上述有机朗肯循环系统的当前蒸发器1、冷凝器4的蒸发温度与冷凝温度,根据质量能量守恒定律,建立蒸发器1和冷凝器4的动态数学模型;并对模型参数初始化,所述参数包括种群大小,最大迭代次数和维度。建立蒸发器和冷凝器的动态数学模型是以如下条件为前提:假设有机工质及冷却水在蒸发器1和冷凝器4内均作一维流动,忽略压降和能量损耗等外部条件的影响,采用移动边界法,将蒸发器1分为过冷区、两相区以及过热区三个部分,将制冷剂在冷凝器4内分为过热区、冷凝区以及过冷区。Step 1: Obtain the current evaporation temperature and condensation temperature of the evaporator 1 and condenser 4 of the organic Rankine cycle system, and establish a dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator 1 and condenser 4 according to the law of conservation of mass and energy; and initialize the model parameters , the parameters include population size, maximum number of iterations and dimensions. The establishment of the dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator and condenser is based on the following conditions: Assume that the organic working medium and cooling water are both in one-dimensional flow in the evaporator 1 and condenser 4, ignoring the influence of external conditions such as pressure drop and energy loss , using the moving boundary method, the evaporator 1 is divided into three parts: a subcooling zone, a two-phase zone and a superheating zone, and the refrigerant in the condenser 4 is divided into a superheating zone, a condensation zone and a supercooling zone.

步骤2:使用拉丁超立方体抽样初始化种群,确定收敛因子a和系数向量A、C。Step 2: Use Latin hypercube sampling to initialize the population, and determine the convergence factor a and coefficient vectors A and C.

当|A|>1时,灰狼群体将扩大包围圈,以寻找更好的猎物,此时对应于全局搜索;当|A|<1时,灰狼群体将收缩包围圈,以对猎物完成最后的攻击行为,此时对应于局部搜索。A值的大小与GWO算法的全局搜索和局部搜索能力有很大关系,A随着收敛因子a的变化而不断变化,且收敛因子a随着迭代次数的增加从2线性递减到0。但是在实际搜索过程中,a的线性减少根本无法准确反映复杂的追捕过程。因此,本发明设计一种非线性收敛因子调整策略,When |A|>1, the gray wolf group will expand the encirclement to find better prey, which corresponds to the global search; when |A|<1, the gray wolf group will shrink the encirclement to complete the final search for the prey. The attack behavior at this time corresponds to local search. The value of A has a great relationship with the global search and local search capabilities of the GWO algorithm. A changes continuously with the change of the convergence factor a, and the convergence factor a decreases linearly from 2 to 0 as the number of iterations increases. But in the actual search process, the linear reduction of a cannot accurately reflect the complex pursuit process at all. Therefore, the present invention designs a nonlinear convergence factor adjustment strategy,

收敛因子a通过如下公式确定:The convergence factor a is determined by the following formula:

Figure BDA0003117925840000081
Figure BDA0003117925840000081

其中,tmax为最大迭代次数。Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations.

拉丁超立方体抽样具体步骤如下:The specific steps of Latin hypercube sampling are as follows:

步骤2.1:确定维度大小的空间为N,并将每一维分成相互不重迭的m个区间,使得每个区间有相同的概率;Step 2.1: Determine the size of the dimension space as N, and divide each dimension into m non-overlapping intervals, so that each interval has the same probability;

步骤2.2:在每一维里的每一个区间中随机的抽取一个点;Step 2.2: Randomly select a point in each interval in each dimension;

步骤2.3:再从每一维里随机抽出步骤2.2中选取的点,将它们组成向量。Step 2.3: Randomly extract the points selected in step 2.2 from each dimension, and form them into a vector.

步骤3:计算灰狼个体的适应度值,保存适应度最好的前3匹狼为α,β和δ。Step 3: Calculate the fitness value of gray wolf individuals, and save the top three wolves with the best fitness as α, β and δ.

步骤4:基于改进的位置更新策略,对当前灰狼位置进行更新,所述改进的位置更新策略为对位置更新公式进行非线性改进。Step 4: Based on the improved position update strategy, the current gray wolf position is updated. The improved position update strategy is a non-linear improvement of the position update formula.

对位置更新公式进行非线性改进,具体为:A non-linear improvement is made to the position update formula, specifically:

Figure BDA0003117925840000082
Figure BDA0003117925840000082

其中,tmax是最大迭代次数,X1、X2、X3是灰狼个体朝向α、β和δ前进的方向,是三个向量。Among them, t max is the maximum number of iterations, X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 are the directions of gray wolf individuals moving toward α, β, and δ, which are three vectors.

步骤5:更新a、A和C,计算全部灰狼的适应度值,选取适应度靠前的n个智能个体。Step 5: Update a, A and C, calculate the fitness value of all gray wolves, and select n intelligent individuals with the highest fitness.

步骤6:对适应度靠前的n个智能个体种群进行混沌搜索,更新最优解α,优解β和次优解δ。Step 6: Perform chaotic search on the n intelligent individual populations with the highest fitness, and update the optimal solution α, the optimal solution β and the suboptimal solution δ.

运用Tent映射进行局部搜索优化,其公式如下:Using Tent mapping for local search optimization, the formula is as follows:

Figure BDA0003117925840000083
Figure BDA0003117925840000083

式中,xn的取值范围为[0,1]。In the formula, the value range of x n is [0,1].

步骤7:判断是否达到最大迭代次数,如果达到最大迭代次数,则输出最优结果,结束优化过程,否则返回步骤4。Step 7: Judging whether the maximum number of iterations is reached, if the maximum number of iterations is reached, then output the optimal result and end the optimization process, otherwise return to step 4.

下面对于图3至图5的仿真效果作如下说明:The simulation effects of Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 are explained as follows:

由图3可以看出:相比于传统的有机朗肯系统,以12个小时为运行时间,改进后的有机朗肯循环系统的能源节约率可提升5%左右。It can be seen from Figure 3 that compared with the traditional organic Rankine system, the energy saving rate of the improved organic Rankine cycle system can be increased by about 5% when the operation time is 12 hours.

由图4和图5可以看出:以R245fa为工质的有机朗肯循环系统,相比于未改进的系统,改进后的系统的热效率和

Figure BDA0003117925840000091
效率得到提升,且随着热源温度的升高而升高,热源温度为450K时性能最优。It can be seen from Figure 4 and Figure 5 that: compared with the unimproved system, the thermal efficiency and
Figure BDA0003117925840000091
The efficiency is improved and increases with the temperature of the heat source, and the performance is optimal when the temperature of the heat source is 450K.

上述实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and not to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The temperature optimization method of the organic Rankine cycle system with the heat conduction oil cycle is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: acquiring the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature of a current evaporator and a current condenser of the organic Rankine cycle system, and establishing a dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator and the condenser according to a mass energy conservation law; initializing model parameters, wherein the parameters comprise population size, maximum iteration times and dimensionality;
step 2: initializing the population using latin hypercube sampling, determining a convergence factor a and a coefficient vector A, C, said convergence factor a being determined by the following equation:
Figure FDA0003117925830000011
wherein, t max Is the maximum iteration number;
and 3, step 3: calculating the fitness value of the wolf individual, and storing the first 3 wolfs with the best fitness as alpha, beta and delta;
and 4, step 4: updating the current grey wolf position based on an improved position updating strategy, wherein the improved position updating strategy is to perform nonlinear improvement on a position updating formula;
and 5: updating a, A and C, calculating the fitness values of all wolfs, and selecting n intelligent individuals with the front fitness;
step 6: performing chaotic search on n intelligent individual populations with the former fitness, and updating an optimal solution alpha, an optimal solution beta and a suboptimal solution delta;
and 7: and (4) judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, if so, outputting an optimal result, and ending the optimization process, otherwise, returning to the step (4).
2. The method for optimizing the temperature of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 of establishing the dynamic mathematical model of the evaporator and the condenser is based on the following conditions: assuming that the organic working medium and the cooling water flow in one dimension in the evaporator and the condenser, neglecting the influence of external conditions such as pressure drop, energy loss and the like, a moving boundary method is adopted to divide the evaporator into an supercooling zone, a two-phase zone and a superheating zone, and divide the refrigerant into the superheating zone, a condensation zone and the supercooling zone in the condenser.
3. The temperature optimization method for the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of Latin hypercube sampling in the step 2 are as follows:
step 2.1: determining the space of dimension as N, and dividing each dimension into m intervals which are not overlapped with each other, so that each interval has the same probability;
step 2.2: randomly extracting a point in each interval in each dimension;
step 2.3: the points selected in step 2.2 are then randomly extracted from each dimension and grouped into vectors.
4. The method for optimizing the temperature of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle according to claim 1, wherein the chaotic search in the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps: local search optimization is carried out by using Tent mapping, and the formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003117925830000021
in the formula, x n Has a value range of [0,1]。
5. The temperature optimization method for the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step 4 is to perform nonlinear improvement on a position updating formula, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003117925830000022
wherein, t max Is the maximum number of iterations, X 1 、X 2 、X 3 Is the direction in which the wolf individual advances toward alpha, beta and delta, and is three vectors.
6. The method for optimizing the temperature of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle comprises an organic Rankine cycle system, a preheating cycle system and a conduction oil cycle system, and the preheating cycle system is connected with the organic Rankine cycle system and used for preheating working media in the organic Rankine cycle system; the heat conduction oil circulation system is connected with the organic Rankine circulation system, heat conduction oil in the heat conduction oil circulation system is heated and then sent into the organic Rankine circulation system to exchange heat with working media flowing through the organic Rankine circulation system, and therefore evaporation of the working media is achieved.
7. The temperature optimization method of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle is characterized in that the organic Rankine cycle system comprises an evaporator (1), an expander (2), a generator (3), a condenser (4), a working medium pump (5) and a preheater (6), wherein the evaporator (1) is connected with the expander (2), the expander (2) is connected with the generator (3), the output end of the expander (2) is connected with the condenser (4), the condenser (4) is connected with the preheater (6) through the working medium pump (5), the output end of the preheater (6) is connected with the evaporator (1), the preheating cycle system is connected with the preheater (6), and the conduction oil cycle system is connected with the evaporator (1).
8. The temperature optimization method of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle according to claim 7, wherein the preheating cycle system consists of a diesel engine (9) and the preheater (6), the preheater (6) is provided with a preheater organic working medium inlet (17), a preheater organic working medium outlet (18), a preheater jacket water inlet (25) and a preheater jacket water outlet (26), the diesel engine (9) is provided with a diesel jacket water inlet (27) and a diesel jacket water outlet (28), the diesel jacket water outlet (28) is connected with the preheater jacket water inlet (25), and the preheater jacket water outlet (26) is connected with the diesel jacket water inlet (27); the organic working medium inlet (17) of the preheater is connected with the condenser (4) through the working medium pump (5); the organic working medium outlet (18) of the preheater is connected with the evaporator (1).
9. The temperature optimization method for the organic Rankine cycle system with a thermal oil cycle according to claim 8, wherein the thermal oil cycle system is composed of a heat exchanger (8), the evaporator (1) and an oil pump (7), the heat exchanger (8) is provided with a heat exchanger thermal oil inlet (21) and a heat exchanger thermal oil outlet (22), the evaporator (1) is provided with an evaporator organic working medium inlet (11), a preheater organic working medium outlet (18), an evaporator thermal oil inlet (19) and an evaporator thermal oil outlet (20); the heat conducting oil inlet (21) of the heat exchanger is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet (19) of the evaporator, and the heat conducting oil outlet (20) of the evaporator is connected with the heat conducting oil inlet (21) of the heat exchanger through an oil pump (7); the organic working medium inlet (11) of the evaporator is connected with the organic working medium outlet (18) of the preheater, and the organic working medium outlet (18) of the preheater is connected with the input end of the expansion machine (2).
10. The temperature optimization method of the organic Rankine cycle system with the conduction oil cycle as claimed in claim 9, wherein the diesel engine (9) is further provided with a diesel engine waste heat flue gas outlet (29), the heat exchanger (8) is further provided with a heat exchanger waste heat flue gas inlet (23) and a heat exchanger waste heat flue gas outlet (24), the diesel engine waste heat flue gas outlet (29) is connected with the heat exchanger waste heat flue gas inlet (23), and the heat exchanger waste heat flue gas outlet (24) is directly discharged through a pipeline.
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