CN113445767B - Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room - Google Patents

Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113445767B
CN113445767B CN202110773392.5A CN202110773392A CN113445767B CN 113445767 B CN113445767 B CN 113445767B CN 202110773392 A CN202110773392 A CN 202110773392A CN 113445767 B CN113445767 B CN 113445767B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
post
waterproof
cast strip
supporting
protective structure
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CN202110773392.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113445767A (en
Inventor
李坤伦
黄秀花
王世辉
李超毅
汤昌环
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Fujian Minqing Yijian Construction Development Co Ltd
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Fujian Minqing Yijian Construction Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110773392.5A priority Critical patent/CN113445767B/en
Publication of CN113445767A publication Critical patent/CN113445767A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/24Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
    • E04G21/30Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction against mechanical damage or dirt, e.g. guard covers of stairs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/38Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a post-cast strip protection structure for a house building, which relates to the technical field of post-cast strips and solves the problem that rainwater or building construction water easily enters the post-cast strip; the waterproof cover comprises two waterproof plates arranged in half; the connecting mechanism comprises a supporting rod, a split bolt and a split nut screwed on the split bolt, wherein the middle part of the supporting rod is provided with a counter bolt, one end of the split bolt penetrates through a counter hole, the head part of the split bolt is positioned in the counter hole, and the other end of the split bolt vertically penetrates through the supporting template; two connecting rods which slide along the axial direction of the supporting rod are arranged in the supporting rod, and the two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged. This application can reduce the rainwater and get into this internally of post-cast strip through the setting of buckler for the reinforcing bar is difficult to receive the erosion, thereby improves the quality of pouring of post-cast strip body.

Description

Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of post-cast strips, in particular to a post-cast strip protection structure for building.
Background
The post-cast strip is a temporary construction joint reserved in the construction process of building floors, and is mainly used for preventing harmful cracks of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure floors caused by uneven temperature and shrinkage.
The existing post-cast strip comprises a post-cast strip body 1 positioned between two adjacent cast plates, and pre-embedded steel bars are arranged in the post-cast strip body 1, as shown in fig. 1.
With respect to the related art in the above, the inventors consider that: when the post-cast strip is poured, after concrete pouring on two sides of the post-cast strip of the foundation is finished, the post-cast strip can be poured after the post-cast strip is left for 42 days or a main structure is capped, and during the period, the post-cast strip is in an open state, rainwater or water for building construction easily enters the post-cast strip, so that steel bars in the post-cast strip are corroded, and the pouring quality of the post-cast strip is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the problem that rainwater or construction water got into the post-cast strip easily, this application provides a post-cast strip protective structure is built in room.
The application provides a post-cast strip protective structure is built in room adopts following technical scheme:
a post-cast strip protection structure for a house building comprises water retaining platforms arranged at the upper ends of two sides of a post-cast strip body and waterproof covers covering the two water retaining platforms, wherein the water retaining platforms extend along the length direction of the post-cast strip body; the waterproof cover comprises two waterproof plates arranged in half, and a supporting template extending along the horizontal direction is arranged below the post-cast strip body; the protective structure also comprises a connecting mechanism for connecting the supporting template and the waterproof cover;
the connecting mechanism comprises a supporting rod, a split bolt and a split nut screwed on the split bolt, wherein the middle part of the supporting rod is provided with a counter bolt, one end of the split bolt penetrates through a counter hole, the head part of the split bolt is positioned in the counter hole, and the other end of the split bolt vertically penetrates through the supporting template; the support rod is internally provided with two connecting rods which slide along the axial direction of the support rod, the two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged, and the two connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with the lower end face of a waterproof plate; the two waterproof plates can be turned to a waterproof state that the two waterproof plates are in mutual contact and a pouring state that the two waterproof plates are in vertical mutual contact with the outer side of the water retaining platform;
the lower end faces of the two waterproof plates of the waterproof cover are vertically connected with limiting plates used for abutting against the water retaining table; when the waterproof board is in a waterproof state, the limiting plate abuts against the inner side of the water retaining platform; when the waterproof board moves to a pouring state, the limiting plate abuts against the upper end face of the water retaining platform;
and the two long side edges of the supporting template are in threaded connection with adjusting bolts which are used for abutting against the lower ends of the two sides of the post-cast strip body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the post-cast strip is not pour, can overturn the waterproof board to waterproof state, and through the mode of rotatory adjusting bolt, make adjusting bolt support tightly at the both ends of post-cast strip body, make the waterproof board fix at waterproof state, when pouring, unscrew adjusting bolt, and overturn the waterproof board to pouring the state, rotatory split nut after that, make the template support tightly at the downside both ends of post-cast strip body, make the waterproof board fix at pouring the state, make when pouring the concrete can assemble and pour in the post-cast strip, the pouring of post-cast strip has been made things convenient for.
Optionally, the two ends of the supporting rod are both provided with sliding grooves extending along the final axis direction of the supporting rod, and the connecting rod is connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding manner; and a limiting structure for preventing the connecting rod from separating from the sliding groove is further arranged in the supporting rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, sliding connection between connecting rod and the bracing piece can be realized to the setting of spout and connecting rod.
Optionally, the connecting rod is away from the limiting convex ring on the periphery of one end of the waterproof plate, and the limiting structure is a limiting ring which is arranged at the groove opening of the sliding groove and used for preventing the convex ring from separating from the sliding groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spacing ring can effectually prevent the connecting rod to break away from the spout.
Optionally, the lower terminal surface of waterproof board is provided with articulated seat, the one end of connecting rod forms to rotate through pivot and articulated seat and is connected.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of pivot and articulated seat, can realize that the rotation between waterproof board and the connecting rod is connected, the structure is comparatively simple.
Optionally, one end of the limiting plate, which is far away from the waterproof plate, is vertically connected with a supporting block for supporting the connecting rod when the waterproof plate is in a pouring state.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of supporting shoe can support the connecting rod, improves the stability of connecting rod.
Optionally, a reinforcing rod is arranged on one side, away from the waterproof plate, of the supporting template, and a through hole for the split bolt to pass through is formed in the reinforcing rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the structural strength of formwork can be improved in the setting of anchor strut, increases the stability of formwork.
Optionally, adjusting holes for the adjusting bolts to pass through are formed in the two ends of the reinforcing rod, and the adjusting bolts located on the two long side edges of the supporting template are connected with the supporting template through threads after passing through the adjusting holes.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the anchor strut and adjusting bolt cooperation, improvement formwork that can be further supports intensity.
Optionally, a spring is installed in the sliding groove, one end of the spring abuts against the groove bottom of the sliding groove, and the other end of the spring abuts against the connecting rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, under the effect of spring, can help the faster removal of waterproof board to pouring the state.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following benefits:
1. by means of the arrangement of the waterproof cover, rainwater can be reduced from entering the post-cast strip body, so that the reinforcing steel bars are not easy to corrode, and the pouring quality of the post-cast strip body is improved;
2. through the template and the setting of split bolt, can conveniently carry out the template to the post-cast strip body to the convenience is pour the post-cast strip body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the waterproof case according to the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the waterproof sheet of the present embodiment in a waterproof state;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the waterproof board of the present embodiment in a casting state.
Description of reference numerals: 1. post-cast strip body; 2. a water retaining platform; 3. a waterproof cover; 4. supporting a template; 5. a waterproof sheet; 6. oppositely pulling the nut; 7. oppositely pulling the bolts; 8. a countersunk hole; 9. a connecting rod; 10. a chute; 11. a support bar; 12. a hinged seat; 13. a convex ring; 14. a limiting ring; 15. a spring; 16. a limiting plate; 17. a support block; 18. adjusting the bolt; 19. a reinforcing rod; 20. a through hole; 21. and adjusting the hole.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
The embodiment of the application discloses post-cast strip protective structure is built in room. Referring to fig. 2, the post-cast strip protection structure comprises water blocking platforms 2 arranged at the upper ends of the two sides of the post-cast strip body 1 and a plurality of waterproof covers 3 covering the two water blocking platforms 2, and the water blocking platforms 2 are of cuboid structures and extend along the length direction of the post-cast strip body 1.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a supporting template 4 extending along the horizontal direction is arranged below the post-cast strip body 1, and the number of the supporting templates 4 is the same as that of the waterproof covers 3 and corresponds to one another; the protective structure further comprises a connecting mechanism for connecting the formwork 4 with the waterproof cover 3.
Referring to fig. 3, 4, the flashing 3 comprises two flashing plates 5 arranged in half. The connecting mechanism comprises a support rod 11, a split bolt 7 and a split nut 6 which is in threaded connection with the split bolt 7. The middle part of the supporting rod 11 is provided with a counter bore 8 for the counter bolt 7 to pass through, the head part of the counter bolt 7 is positioned in the counter bore 8, and the other end of the counter bolt 7 passes through the middle part of the supporting template 4. The supporting template 4 can be limited in the split bolt 7 by screwing the split nut 6 into the split bolt 7. In this embodiment, the connection mechanisms are provided in two sets for improving the stability of the connection between the waterproof cover 3 and the branch formwork 4.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, two connecting rods 9 sliding along the axis of the supporting rod 11 are symmetrically arranged in the supporting rod 11, the two connecting rods 9 respectively extend out from two ends of the supporting rod 11, and one ends of the two connecting rods 9 extending out of the supporting rod 11 are respectively connected with the lower end face of one waterproof plate 5 in a rotating manner.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two ends of the support rod 11 are both provided with a sliding groove 10 extending along the axis direction thereof, the connecting rod 9 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 10, the lower end face of the waterproof board 5 is provided with a hinged seat 12, and one end of the connecting rod 9 is rotatably connected with the hinged seat 12 through a rotating shaft. The two waterproof boards 5 can be turned to a waterproof state that the two waterproof boards are in mutual contact and to a pouring state that the two waterproof boards 5 are in vertical mutual contact with the outer side of the water retaining platform 2;
referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to prevent the connecting rod 9 from separating from the sliding groove 10, a limiting structure for preventing the connecting rod 9 from separating from the sliding groove 10 is arranged in the supporting rod 11. The connecting rod 9 is provided with bulge loop 13 apart from the one end periphery side of articulated seat 12, and limit structure is spacing ring 14, and spacing ring 14 is fixed in the notch department of spout 10 through interference joint or welded mode to prevent bulge loop 13 to break away from spout 10. A spring 15 is further installed in the sliding groove 10, one end of the spring 15 abuts against the groove bottom of the sliding groove 10, and the other end of the spring 15 abuts against the connecting rod 9. Without the action of external force, the spring 15 can drive the connecting rod 9 to move away from the spring 15, so that the convex ring 13 is abutted against the limiting ring 14.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a stopper plate 16 is vertically fixed to a lower end surface of the waterproof plate 5. When the waterproof plate 5 is in a waterproof state, the limiting plate 16 is abutted against the inner side of the water retaining platform 2; when the waterproof board 5 moves to the pouring state, the limiting plate 16 abuts against the upper end face of the water retaining platform 2.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a supporting block 17 is vertically connected to one end of the limiting plate 16 away from the waterproof plate 5. When the flashing 5 is in the poured state, the support blocks 17 can abut against the connecting rods 9, thereby supporting the connecting rods 9.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two long sides of the supporting template 4 are both in threaded connection with the adjusting bolts 18, the adjusting bolts 18 are perpendicular to the supporting template 4, and when the waterproof board 5 is in the waterproof state, the adjusting bolts 18 can be rotated until the end parts of the adjusting bolts 18 are abutted against the lower ends of the two sides of the post-cast strip body 1, so that the waterproof board 5 is fixed in the waterproof state. When the post-cast strip body 1 needs to be poured, the adjusting bolts 18 are loosened, the waterproof plate 5 is turned to a pouring state, and then the split nuts 6 are screwed, so that the support templates 4 are tightly abutted to the lower ends of the two sides of the post-cast strip body 1 by the split nuts 6.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in order to improve the structural strength of the formwork 4, a reinforcing rod 19 is disposed on the lower end surface of the formwork 4, and a through hole 20 for the split bolt 7 to pass through is formed in the middle of the reinforcing rod 19. The half-nuts 6 can perform half-pulling of the waterproof cover 3 and the formwork 4 against the reinforcing rods 19.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, two ends of the reinforcing rod 19 are provided with adjusting holes 21 for the split bolts 7 to pass through, and the adjusting bolts 18 can pass through the adjusting holes 21 and then be in threaded connection with the formwork 4.
The application principle of the post-cast strip protective structure for building in the embodiment of the application is as follows:
before post-cast strip body 1 did not pour, can overturn two waterproof boards 5 of buckler 3 to waterproof state, rotate adjusting bolt 18 after that for adjusting bolt 18 offsets tightly with the lower extreme of post-cast strip body 1 both sides, make waterproof board 5 fix waterproof state, thereby prevent the rainwater to get into in post-cast strip body 1, make the reinforcing bar in the post-cast strip body 1 be difficult to receive the erosion.
When the post-cast strip body 1 is poured, the adjusting bolts 18 can be unscrewed, the waterproof plates 5 are turned to a pouring state, the split nuts 6 are screwed, the supporting templates 4 are fixedly abutted to the lower end face of the post-cast strip body 1, meanwhile, the waterproof plates 5 are fixed in the pouring state, and the waterproof plates 5 in the pouring state can enable the concrete pouring position to be more accurate.
After pouring is finished, the split nuts 6 can be taken down, the split bolts 7 protruding out of the floor slab part are cut off, and the waterproof cover 3 can be taken down for recycling. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the removal of the waterproof cover 3, the split bolt 7 may be replaced by a split screw having both ends thereof threaded, and the split bolt may be screwed into the split nut 6 at both ends thereof to be fixed.
In other embodiments, the adjusting bolt 18 may be removed, and the waterproof sheet 5 may be maintained in a waterproof state by the gravity of the formwork 4; when pouring of post-cast strip body 1 needs to be carried out, the staff can overturn waterproof board 5 to pouring state on the floor, then rotate split bolt 7's head on the floor for the buttressing board 4 supports tightly at 1 lower extreme of post-cast strip body, can carry out pouring of concrete, and at waterproof board 5's upset in-process, the staff only needs to go on in the floor upper end, and is comparatively convenient.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a post-cast strip protective structure is built in room which characterized in that: the water-retaining platform comprises water-retaining platforms (2) arranged at the upper ends of the two sides of a post-cast strip body (1) and waterproof covers (3) covering the two water-retaining platforms (2), wherein the water-retaining platforms (2) extend along the length direction of the post-cast strip body (1); the waterproof cover (3) comprises two waterproof plates (5) arranged in half, and a supporting template (4) extending along the horizontal direction is arranged below the post-cast strip body (1); the protective structure also comprises a connecting mechanism for connecting the supporting template (4) with the waterproof cover (3);
the connecting mechanism comprises a supporting rod (11), a split bolt (7) and a split nut (6) which is in threaded connection with the split bolt (7), wherein the middle of the supporting rod (11) is provided with a counter bolt (7), one end of the split bolt (7) penetrates through a counter hole (8), the head of the split bolt (7) is positioned in the counter hole (8), and the other end of the split bolt (7) vertically penetrates through the formwork (4); two connecting rods (9) which slide along the axial direction of the supporting rod (11) are arranged in the supporting rod (11), the two connecting rods (9) are symmetrically arranged, and the two connecting rods (9) are respectively and rotatably connected with the lower end face of one waterproof plate (5); the two waterproof boards (5) can be turned to be in a mutually abutted waterproof state and to be in a pouring state in which the two waterproof boards (5) are vertically abutted against the outer side of the water retaining platform (2);
the lower end faces of the two waterproof plates (5) of the waterproof cover (3) are vertically connected with limiting plates (16) used for abutting against the water retaining platform (2); when the waterproof plate (5) is in a waterproof state, the limiting plate (16) is abutted against the inner side of the water retaining platform (2); when the waterproof plate (5) moves to a pouring state, the limiting plate (16) abuts against the upper end face of the water retaining platform (2);
and two long side edges of the supporting template (4) are in threaded connection with adjusting bolts (18) which are used for abutting against the lower ends of the two sides of the post-cast strip body (1).
2. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the supporting rod (11) are provided with sliding grooves (10) extending along the final axis direction of the supporting rod (11), and the connecting rod (9) is connected in the sliding grooves (10) in a sliding manner; and a limiting structure for preventing the connecting rod (9) from separating from the sliding groove (10) is further arranged in the supporting rod (11).
3. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 2, wherein: the connecting rod (9) is far away from a limiting convex ring (13) on the periphery of one end of the waterproof plate (5), and the limiting structure is a limiting ring (14) which is arranged at the groove opening of the sliding groove (10) and used for preventing the convex ring (13) from being separated from the sliding groove (10).
4. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 3, wherein: the lower terminal surface of waterproof board (5) is provided with articulated seat (12), the one end of connecting rod (9) forms to rotate through pivot and articulated seat (12) and is connected.
5. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end, far away from the waterproof plate (5), of the limiting plate (16) is vertically connected with a supporting block (17) used for supporting the connecting rod (9) when the waterproof plate (5) is in a pouring state.
6. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the formwork (4) far away from the waterproof plate (5) is provided with a reinforcing rod (19), and a through hole (20) for the split bolt (7) to pass through is formed in the reinforcing rod (19).
7. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 6, wherein: adjusting holes (21) for the adjusting bolts (18) to pass through are formed in the two ends of the reinforcing rod (19), and the adjusting bolts (18) located on the two long side edges of the supporting template (4) pass through the adjusting holes (21) and then are in threaded connection with the supporting template (4).
8. The post-cast strip protective structure for house building according to claim 3, wherein: a spring (15) is installed in the sliding groove (10), one end of the spring (15) is abutted to the groove bottom of the sliding groove (10), and the other end of the spring is abutted to the connecting rod (9).
CN202110773392.5A 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room Active CN113445767B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110773392.5A CN113445767B (en) 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110773392.5A CN113445767B (en) 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Post-cast strip protective structure is built in room

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CN113445767B true CN113445767B (en) 2022-04-12

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114232988B (en) * 2021-09-29 2023-04-11 嘉博联合设计股份有限公司 Formwork supporting method for floor post-cast strip and formwork used by same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080086805A (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-09-26 김기철 Expansion joint waterprooping system and method using self-adhesive waterproof sheet
CN204781013U (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-11-18 浙江新盛建设集团有限公司 Device is lapped in construction of basement roof post -cast strip temporarily
CN207244673U (en) * 2017-09-23 2018-04-17 北京市常青市政工程有限公司 The interim protective device in post-cast strip
CN110685299A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-14 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 Post-cast strip cover plate and mounting method thereof
CN212153772U (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-12-15 唐山润枫建筑工程有限公司 A waterproof construction for building expansion joint
CN212773451U (en) * 2020-07-09 2021-03-23 中国新兴建设开发有限责任公司 Post-cast strip template support system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080086805A (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-09-26 김기철 Expansion joint waterprooping system and method using self-adhesive waterproof sheet
CN204781013U (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-11-18 浙江新盛建设集团有限公司 Device is lapped in construction of basement roof post -cast strip temporarily
CN207244673U (en) * 2017-09-23 2018-04-17 北京市常青市政工程有限公司 The interim protective device in post-cast strip
CN110685299A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-14 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 Post-cast strip cover plate and mounting method thereof
CN212153772U (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-12-15 唐山润枫建筑工程有限公司 A waterproof construction for building expansion joint
CN212773451U (en) * 2020-07-09 2021-03-23 中国新兴建设开发有限责任公司 Post-cast strip template support system

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