CN113445513B - Soil nail anchor cable structure - Google Patents
Soil nail anchor cable structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113445513B CN113445513B CN202110718899.0A CN202110718899A CN113445513B CN 113445513 B CN113445513 B CN 113445513B CN 202110718899 A CN202110718899 A CN 202110718899A CN 113445513 B CN113445513 B CN 113445513B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil nail anchor cable structure which comprises a soil nail anchoring device and an anchor cable fixing device, wherein the anchor cable fixing device is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail anchoring device, the soil nail anchoring device comprises a soil nail steel reinforcement cage and a steel pipe retaining wall, the steel pipe retaining wall is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail steel reinforcement cage, the soil nail steel reinforcement cage is fixed in an anchor hole through a soil nail support, and a grouting steel pipe and cement mortar are arranged between the steel pipe retaining wall and the wall of the anchor hole; the anchor cable fixing device comprises an anchor cable, an anchor head and an anchoring device, wherein the anchor cable is arranged on the inner side of the steel pipe retaining wall and is connected with the anchor head, the anchor head is arranged at the expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall, the anchor head is fixed at the bottom of the anchor hole through a locking mechanism, and the anchoring device is arranged outside the anchor hole; the structure is combined with an original soil body in the slope support, slope landslide or collapse can be effectively prevented, and slope instability caused by natural disasters such as earthquake and the like can be effectively prevented through multi-stage yielding of the anchor cables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supporting structures, in particular to a soil nail anchor cable structure.
Background
With the popularization of the prestressed concrete structure in 1956 in China; prestressed structures have taken more than half a century of years in our building history. Particularly, since the 80 s in the 20 th century, prestressed concrete structures are beginning to be applied to modern projects such as large public buildings, high-rise and super high-rise buildings, large-span bridges, multi-story industrial plants and the like in a large quantity. After more than 50 years of diligent exploration, China already forms a set of unique system in the aspects of prestressed concrete design theory, calculation method, member series, structural system, tension anchoring system, prestressed technology, prestressed tendons, concrete materials and the like; in the aspects of construction technology and construction management of prestressed concrete, abundant experience is accumulated, and good economic benefit and social benefit are obtained; the composite soil nail support is a support means developed on the basis of soil nail support and used for foundation pit or slope support to improve slope stability, and a great deal of engineering practice exists in China for a long time;
for some areas with poor geological conditions, the traditional composite soil nail support is not applicable: for example, in the region of elm forest in Shaanxi province of China, the stratum mainly consists of miscellaneous fill, quaternary aeolian thin sand, fluke-flood thin sand and silt, so that the engineering characteristics of all soil layers of a low-layer bearing layer are obviously different greatly, the compressibility is uneven, the traditional soil nail and anchor rod structure cannot be well combined with the low layer, and the slope is easy to overturn and collapse under the pressure of overturning soil; moreover, the existing supporting structures are rigid supporting structures, and when an earthquake or bottom layer movement occurs, due to the fact that the side slope is severely vibrated and deformed, instantaneous large tensile force is generated on the anchor cable, the anchor cable can be out of work, and the stability and the safety of the side slope are threatened; also, there are many forms of failure in earthquakes: for example, in the most common tension anchor cable, mortar is used as a brittle material which can hardly bear tension, and is easy to crack and gradually damaged towards the deep part of an anchoring section under the action of earthquake dynamic load; therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing slope prestressed anchor cable structure to have excellent earthquake resistance and ensure the safety and stability of the slope during and after an earthquake.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a soil nail anchor cable structure, which combines the traditional soil nail and anchor cable structures to form a rigid-flexible supporting structure, can well combine the supporting structure with the original soil body in the slope supporting process to support the slope, can effectively prevent the slope from sliding or collapsing, and can effectively prevent the slope instability caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and the like through the multi-stage yielding of the anchor cable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a soil nail anchor cable structure comprises a soil nail anchoring device and an anchor cable fixing device, wherein the anchor cable fixing device is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail anchoring device, the soil nail anchoring device comprises a soil nail steel reinforcement cage and a steel pipe retaining wall, the steel pipe retaining wall is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail steel reinforcement cage, the soil nail steel reinforcement cage is fixed in an anchor hole through a soil nail support, and a grouting steel pipe and cement mortar are arranged between the steel pipe retaining wall and the wall of the anchor hole; the anchor cable fixing device comprises an anchor cable, an anchor head and an anchoring device, the anchor cable is arranged on the inner side of the steel pipe retaining wall, the tail end of an anchoring section of the anchor cable penetrates through the steel pipe retaining wall to be connected with the anchor head, the anchor head is arranged at an expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall, the anchor head is fixed at the bottom of an anchor hole through a locking mechanism arranged inside the anchor head, the tail end of a free section of the anchor cable is connected with the anchoring device, and the anchoring device is arranged outside the anchor hole to fix the free end of the anchor cable and the steel pipe retaining wall.
Preferably, the steel pipe retaining wall is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of steel pipes, a clamping table is arranged on the steel pipe retaining wall of the anchor cable anchoring section, two slits are symmetrically formed in the expansion end of the tail section of the steel pipe retaining wall, and the slits extend in the direction parallel to the center line of the steel pipe retaining wall and are matched with the anchor head for use.
Preferably, the anchor head comprises an anchor plate, a middle bedplate, an anchor block and an anchor body, the anchor body is of a hollow structure, the middle bedplate is arranged in the anchor body, the anchor plate and the anchor block are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the anchor body, the anchor plate is connected with the tail end of the anchor cable, a connecting body of the anchor block extends into an inner cavity of the anchor body and is connected with the middle bedplate, a telescopic groove is further formed in the connecting body of the anchor block, and the telescopic groove is matched with the locking mechanism for use.
Preferably, locking mechanical system be "cross" shape symmetry and set up in the inner chamber of anchor body, including fly leaf, even axle, sickle location sword, connecting rod and lock body, the fly leaf sets up in the anchor of nearly anchor slab one end, and the symmetry is provided with the activity groove on the fly leaf, the activity of activity inslot is provided with the push rod, the push rod uses with the activity groove cooperation that sets up on the anchor body, even the one end of axle is connected with the fly leaf, and the other end passes the sealing plug that sets up on well platen and is connected with the lock body, the lock body sets up at flexible inslot, and moves along flexible groove, one side footing and the anchor block of sickle location sword are connected, and the opposite side footing is connected with the one end of connecting rod, and the other end and the lock body of connecting rod are connected, and the cutter body that drives sickle location sword through the lock body rotates along the locking groove that sets up on the anchor body.
Preferably, the anchor cable is a multi-stage yielding anchor cable and comprises an anchoring section and a free end, the anchoring section comprises a multi-stage anchor cable structure, the anchor cable comprises an anchoring plate, a wire frame and a prestressed steel strand, the anchoring plate is arranged in the clamping table, the anchoring plate is provided with cross-connecting anchor holes and grouting pipes, and the cross-connecting anchor holes are symmetrically arranged on the anchoring plate and are matched with the prestressed steel strand for use; the line frame is arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates and comprises a large line frame and a small line frame which are arranged in a crossed mode.
Preferably, the wire frame is a star-shaped bracket and comprises wire separating plates and a connecting plate, the wire separating plates are uniformly welded on the outer side of the connecting plate, a wire frame ring is welded between every two adjacent wire separating plates, the wire frame ring is matched with the prestressed steel stranded wire for use, and a through hole for the grouting pipe to pass through is further formed in the center of the connecting plate; the prestressed steel strand comprises a plurality of steel wire bundles.
Preferably, the anchoring device include that holding down plate, apron, second grade let press anchor assembly, one-level let press anchor assembly and anchor nut, the holding down plate sets up in the outside of steel pipe dado, and passes through expansion bolts with the apron and be connected, the second grade lets press anchor assembly and one-level let press anchor assembly to set up in the both sides of holding down plate, lets press anchor assembly and one-level at the second grade to let to press and form between the anchor assembly and let to press the clearance, the one-level lets presses anchor assembly to set up in the steel pipe dado, anchor nut sets up at the second grade and lets the outside of pressing anchor assembly, fixes the prestress wire.
Preferably, the primary yielding anchoring part is provided with a primary anchor hole and a grouting pipe through hole, and the primary anchor holes are uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole; the one-level anchor eye is the trapezoidal anchor eye that the arc anchor slab that is set up by two symmetries formed, and is in the arc anchor slab dorsal part is filled there is the rubber filler, one-level anchor mechanism in the one-level anchor eye still, one-level anchor mechanism is including the anchor cover and the anchor section of thick bamboo that use of mutually supporting, the anchor cover is the trapezoidal anchor cover that uses with the cooperation of one-level anchor eye, the anchor section of thick bamboo comprises two arc anchor pieces that use of mutually supporting, and the cover is established in the anchor cover, and is provided with anti-skidding line and prestress wire cooperation in arc anchor piece inboard and uses.
Preferably, the secondary yielding anchoring part is provided with a secondary anchor hole and a grouting pipe through hole, and the secondary anchor holes are uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole; the second grade anchor eye is the sleeve chamber that sets up in first anchor sleeve, and is provided with second grade anchor mechanism in the second grade anchor eye, second grade anchor mechanism is second anchor sleeve, the telescopic inboard of second anchor is provided with anti-skidding line and uses with the cooperation of prestressing steel strand wires, and the outside is provided with the annular and lets press the screw thread and set up the cooperation of letting on second grade anchor eye inner chamber and use.
Preferably, the second anchor sleeve be the trapezoidal sleeve with second grade anchor eye cooperation use, and still seted up on the second anchor sleeve and let the pressure logical groove, let the pressure logical groove along extending parallel to second grade anchor eye central line direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a soil nail anchor cable structure, compared with the prior art, the improvement of the invention is that:
(1) the invention designs a soil nail anchor cable structure, combines the traditional soil nail and anchor cable structures to form a rigid-flexible supporting structure, can well combine the supporting structure with an original soil body in the process of side slope supporting, supports the side slope, can effectively prevent the side slope from sliding or collapsing, and has good supporting effect and large bearing capacity;
(2) when the anchor cable is used, prestress is applied through the anchor cable, the anchor head and the expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall are enabled to interact under the action of external prestress, the locking mechanism is opened, the sickle-shaped positioning knife is inserted into the side wall of the anchor hole, the tail end of the anchoring section of the anchor cable and the side wall of the anchor hole are locked, the connecting effect between the anchoring structure and the anchor hole is enhanced, and the anchor cable structure is well fixed; meanwhile, when the locking mechanism is opened, the slit is opened under the pressure of the anchoring body, so that the anchor head is connected with the steel pipe retaining wall, a complete supporting structure is formed under the action of prestress, an original soil body is supported in the anchor hole, the integrity is good under the action of external force, the anchor head can be well combined with the original soil body, and the anchor head and the tail end of the anchoring section of the anchor cable are fixed;
(3) the anchor cable is designed into a multi-stage yielding anchor cable and comprises an anchoring section and a free end, wherein the anchoring section comprises a multi-stage anchor cable structure, when the anchor cable is used, soil bodies with corresponding depths are anchored in a grading manner, the second-stage anchor cable can be effectively prevented from being broken due to the elongation process and being pulled out due to overlarge external pressure, the grading anchoring can be realized through the grading anchoring, the anchoring effect is good, a side slope can be effectively supported, the side slope is prevented from sliding and collapsing, and the stability of the side slope can be effectively ensured;
(4) through the design of anchor, when using, can utilize one-level to let press anchor assembly and second grade to let press anchor assembly to anchor the prestressing force steel strand wires, carry out the anchor in grades to prestressing force steel strand wires, can support the static load under the high stress, can resist the stress wave dynamic load that excavation, blasting, earthquake etc. induced again, avoid the anchor position to lead to calamity such as country rock damage fracture and supporting construction unstability owing to the big deformation of the static stress of high concentration and the destruction of dynamic impact load, it is good to have a supporting effect, the holding capacity is big, anti-seismic performance is good and stable good advantage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention in use in slope support.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention in use in slope support.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention in use in slope support.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor head of the present invention in use, when not deployed.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor head of the present invention shown in an expanded use.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the movable plate of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view at a-a of the soil nailing anchor cable structure of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view at B-B of the soil nailer anchor cable construction of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view at C-C of the soil nailer anchor cable construction of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a side view of an anchor plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a wire stand according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an anchoring device in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a one-stage crush anchor of the present invention.
Figure 16 is a left side view of the one-level crush anchor of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a left side view of the primary anchoring mechanism of the present invention.
Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of a two-stage crush anchor of the present invention.
Figure 19 is a left side view of a secondary crush anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a left side view of the secondary anchoring mechanism of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. steel pipe retaining wall, 11, slotted hole, 12, clamping table, 2, anchor rope, 21, anchoring plate, 211, connecting anchor hole, 22, thread frame, 221, thread separating plate, 222, connecting plate, 223, thread ring, 23, grouting pipe, 24, prestressed steel strand, 3, anchor head, 31, anchor plate, 32, movable groove, 33, locking groove, 34, middle table plate, 35, anchor block, 351, telescopic groove, 36, sealing plug, 37, anchoring body, 4, locking mechanism, 41 push plate, 42, movable plate, 421, movable groove, 43, connecting shaft, 44, sickle-shaped positioning knife, 45, connecting rod, 46, lock body, 5, anchoring device, 51, pressing plate, 52, cover plate, 53, expansion bolt, 54, secondary pressure-yielding anchoring part, 541, first anchoring sleeve, 542, secondary anchor hole, 55, primary pressure-yielding anchoring part, 551, primary anchor hole, 552, rubber filler, 553, arc-shaped plate, 56, anchoring sleeve, 57. a second anchoring sleeve 571, a yielding through groove 58, an anchoring nut 59 and an anchoring cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-20, a soil nailing anchor cable structure comprises a soil nailing anchoring device and an anchor cable fixing device, wherein the anchor cable fixing device is arranged at the inner side of the soil nailing anchoring device to form a soil nailing-anchor cable supporting structure with rigidity and flexibility; the soil nail anchoring device comprises a soil nail steel reinforcement cage and a steel pipe retaining wall 1, the steel pipe retaining wall 1 is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail steel reinforcement cage, the soil nail steel reinforcement cage is fixed in an anchor hole through a soil nail support, and a grouting steel pipe and cement mortar are arranged between the steel pipe retaining wall 1 and the wall of the anchor hole; the anchor cable fixing device comprises an anchor cable 2, an anchor head 3 and an anchoring device 5, wherein the anchor cable 2 is arranged on the inner side of a steel pipe retaining wall 1, the tail end of an anchoring section of the anchor cable 2 penetrates through the steel pipe retaining wall 1 to be connected with the anchor head 3, the anchor head 3 is arranged at an expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall 1 and is connected with the steel pipe retaining wall 1 through prestress application, when the anchor cable fixing device is used, the anchor head 3 is fixed at the bottom of an anchor hole through a locking mechanism 4 arranged inside the anchor head, the tail end of the anchoring section of the anchor cable 2 is fixed in the anchor hole, the tail end of a free section of the anchor cable 2 is connected with the anchoring device 5, the anchoring device 5 is arranged outside the anchor hole, self-drawing locking is formed through prestress application, the free end of the anchor cable 2 and the steel pipe retaining wall 1 are fixed, and cement mortar is arranged between the anchoring section of the anchor cable 2 and the steel pipe retaining wall 1.
Preferably, during the construction, steel pipe dado 1 is formed by the connection of multisection steel pipe, mainly adopts the sleeve pipe welding form, is provided with ka tai 12 on the steel pipe dado 1 in 2 anchor section outsides of anchor rope, and two cracks 11 have still been seted up to the expansion end of the end section steel pipe of steel pipe dado 1 symmetry, crack 11 extends along the direction that is on a parallel with 1 central line of steel pipe dado, uses with anchor head 3 cooperation, during the use, under the effect of prestressing force is applyed to the anchor rope for crack 11 is strutted under anchor head 3's effect, realizes fixing steel pipe dado 1 in the anchor eye, and under the effect of the power of deformation is resumeed through the crack 11 of steel pipe dado 1 simultaneously, fixes anchor head 3, makes it connect under the prestressing force effect, forms integrative supporting structure, guarantees the wholeness of structure.
Preferably, the anchor head 3 comprises an anchor plate 31, a middle bedplate 34, an anchor block 35 and an anchor body 37, wherein the anchor body 37 is of a hollow structure, the middle bedplate 34 is arranged in the anchor body 37, the anchor plate 31 and the anchor block 35 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the anchor body 37, the anchor plate 31 is connected with the tail end of the anchor cable 2, a connecting body of the anchor block 35 extends into an inner cavity of the anchor body 37 and is connected with the middle bedplate 34, a telescopic groove 351 is further arranged on the connecting body of the anchor block 35, and the telescopic groove 351 is matched with the locking mechanism 4 for use;
the locking mechanism 4 is symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the anchor body 37 in a cross shape and comprises a movable plate 42, a connecting shaft 43, a sickle-shaped positioning knife 44, a connecting rod 45 and a lock body 46, wherein the movable plate 42 is arranged in the anchor body 37 close to one end of the anchor plate 31, movable grooves 421 are symmetrically arranged on the movable plate 42, push rods 41 are movably arranged in the movable grooves 421, the push rods 41 are matched with the movable grooves 32 arranged on the anchor body 37 for use, when prestress is applied through the anchor rope 2, the anchor head 3 moves along the axial direction of the steel pipe retaining wall 1, so that the slit 11 is opened under the tension applied by the anchor body 37, the steel pipe retaining wall 1 is positioned, and simultaneously, when the slit 11 is opened under the tension applied by the anchor body 37, the pipe wall of the steel pipe retaining wall 1 acts on the push rods 41, the push rods 41 are pushed to move along the direction opposite to the movement of the anchor head 3, therefore, the movable plate 42 and the push rod 41 move synchronously, one end of the connecting shaft 43 is connected with the movable plate 42, the other end passes through the sealing plug 36 arranged on the middle bedplate 34 and is connected with the lock body 46, the lock body 46 is arranged in the telescopic groove 351, so that the lock body 46 is driven to move along the telescopic groove 351, one side foot of the sickle-shaped positioning knife 44 is connected with the anchor block 35, the other side foot of the sickle-shaped positioning knife 44 is connected with one end of the connecting rod 45, the other end of the connecting rod 45 is connected with the lock body 46, the knife body of the sickle-shaped positioning knife 44 is driven by the lock body 46 to rotate along the locking groove 33 arranged on the anchor body 37, so that the sickle-shaped positioning knife 44 is inserted into the undisturbed soil on the side wall of the anchor hole and is combined with the undisturbed soil, and the tail end of the anchor head 3 and the anchor section of the anchor cable 2 is fixed.
Preferably, the anchor cable 2 is a multi-stage yielding anchor cable, and comprises an anchoring section and a free end, wherein the anchoring section comprises a multi-stage anchor cable structure, and when the multi-stage yielding anchor cable is used, soil bodies with corresponding depths can be anchored in stages, so that the anchor cable can be effectively prevented from being broken in the elongation process and being pulled out due to overlarge external pressure, and the anchor cable can be anchored in stages through stage anchoring, has a good anchoring effect, can effectively support a side slope, and can prevent the side slope from sliding and collapsing; the anchor cable 2 comprises an anchoring plate 21, a wire frame 22 and a prestressed steel strand 24, wherein the anchoring plate 21 is arranged in a clamping table 12, the clamping table 12 is used for fixing the anchoring plate 21, a cross-under anchoring hole 211 and a grouting pipe 23 are arranged on the anchoring plate 21, the cross-under anchoring hole 211 is symmetrically arranged on the anchoring plate 21 and is matched with the prestressed steel strand 24 for use, namely, the prestressed steel strand 24 penetrates through the cross-under anchoring hole 211; the line frame 22 is arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates 21 and comprises a large line frame and a small line frame which are arranged in a crossed manner, so that prestressed steel strands 24 erected by the large line frame and the small line frame form a wave-shaped structure, and the fixing effect can be effectively improved after grouting;
the line frame 22 be "star" support, including line partition board 221 and connecting plate 222, line partition board 221 evenly welds the outside of establishing at connecting plate 222, and has welded the overhead wire ring 223 between two adjacent line partition boards 221, overhead wire ring 223 uses with the cooperation of prestressing steel strand wires 24, utilizes overhead wire ring 223 to set up prestressing steel strand wires 24 and fix, prevents that it from taking place to twine when laying, influences the atress effect, still through the effect of setting up of the overhead wire ring 223 on the big line frame that corresponds the position and the little line frame simultaneously for prestressing steel strand wires 24 forms wave structure, after the slip casting, can effectively improve its fixed effect connecting plate 222 center still is provided with the through-hole that is used for slip casting pipe 23 to pass, is convenient for carry out the slip casting of anchor section.
Preferably, to ensure the strength of the prestressed steel strand 24, the prestressed steel strand 24 is composed of a plurality of steel strands.
Preferably, in order to fix the tail end of the prestressed steel strand 24 in a grading manner, the anchoring device 5 comprises a pressure sealing plate 51, a cover plate 52, a secondary yielding anchoring part 54, a primary yielding anchoring part 55 and an anchoring nut 58, wherein the pressure sealing plate 51 is arranged on the outer side of the steel pipe retaining wall 1, and is connected with the cover plate 52 through an expansion bolt 53, the expansion bolt 53 is used for protecting a secondary yielding anchoring piece 54 and a primary yielding anchoring piece 55, the secondary yielding anchor piece 54 and the primary yielding anchor piece 55 are arranged on two sides of the pressure sealing plate 51, a yielding gap is formed between the secondary yielding anchoring part 54 and the primary yielding anchoring part 55, the prestressed steel strand 24 in the yielding gap is in a non-tensioned state and plays a yielding role, the first-stage yielding anchoring piece 55 is arranged on the inner side of the steel pipe protective wall 1, the anchoring nut 58 is arranged on the outer side of the second-stage yielding anchoring piece 54, and the tail end of the prestressed steel strand 24 is fixed through the anchoring nut 58.
Preferably, the primary yielding anchoring part 55 is provided with a primary anchor hole 551 and a grouting pipe through hole, and the primary anchor hole 551 is uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole to fix the pre-stressed steel strand 24; the primary anchor hole 551 is a trapezoidal anchor hole formed by two arc anchor plates 553 which are symmetrically arranged, the back side of each arc anchor plate 553 is filled with rubber filler 552, a primary anchoring mechanism is also arranged in the primary anchor hole 551, the primary anchoring mechanism comprises an anchoring sleeve 56 and an anchoring cylinder 59 which are used in a matched mode, the anchoring sleeve 56 is a trapezoidal anchoring sleeve used in a matched mode with the primary anchor hole 551, the anchoring cylinder 59 consists of two arc anchor sheets which are used in a matched mode, the anchoring sleeve 56 is sleeved in the anchoring sleeve 56, anti-skid grains are arranged on the inner sides of the arc anchor sheets and used in a matched mode with the prestressed steel stranded wires 24, when the use is recorded, prestress is firstly exerted on the prestressed steel stranded wires 24 which penetrate through the primary anchor holes 551, the prestressed steel stranded wires 24 are tensioned, the anchoring sleeve 56 is sleeved on the prestressed steel stranded wires 24, and a group of anchoring cylinders 59 are inserted into the anchoring sleeve 56 to enable the prestressed steel stranded wires 24 to be clamped tightly, when the prestress is lost, the prestress steel strand 24 moves along the anchoring section because the prestress steel strand 24 recovers deformation or the internal structure deforms, so that the anchoring cylinder 59 moves towards the anchoring section under the action of the prestress steel strand 24 to enable the anchoring cylinder 59 and the anchoring sleeve 56 to be tightly sleeved with each other, the anchoring sleeve 56 moves along the anchoring section, the anchoring sleeve 56 and the arc-shaped anchor plates 553 on the two sides are gradually squeezed tightly, the arc-shaped anchor plates 553 are used for stopping the movement of the anchoring sleeve 56, a one-level multi-level anchoring effect is formed, the prestress steel strand 24 is ensured to be always in a prestress state, and the prestress steel strand 24 is prevented from being loosened;
when the anchoring effect of the first-level yielding anchoring piece 55 is disabled or the anchoring effect of the first-level yielding anchoring piece 55 is not enough to adapt to the deformation effect of the prestressed steel strand 24 under the action of external force, the prestressed steel strand 24 in the yielding gap is deformed and tensioned, and belongs to second-level anchoring, and when the second-level anchoring piece fails, the prestressed steel strand 24 acts on the second-level yielding anchoring piece 54.
Preferably, the secondary yielding anchoring part 54 is provided with a secondary anchor hole 542 and a grouting pipe through hole, and the secondary anchor hole 542 is uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole to fix the prestressed steel strand 24; the second-stage anchor hole 542 is a sleeve cavity arranged in the first anchor sleeve 541, a second-stage anchor mechanism is arranged in the second-stage anchor hole 542, the second-stage anchor mechanism is a second anchor sleeve 57, the inner side of the second anchor sleeve 57 is provided with anti-skid threads which are matched with the prestressed steel strands 24 for use and are tightly clamped with the prestressed steel strands 24 during use, the outer side of the second anchor sleeve 57 is provided with annular pressure yielding threads which are matched with the pressure yielding threads arranged in the inner cavity of the second-stage anchor hole 542 for use, the second anchor sleeve 57 is a trapezoidal sleeve matched with the second-stage anchor hole 542, a pressure yielding through groove 571 is further formed in the second anchor sleeve 57, the pressure yielding through groove 571 extends in a direction parallel to the central line of the second-stage anchor hole 542, namely, when in use, the tensile force of the prestressed steel strands 24 firstly acts on the anchor nut 58, and under the action of deformation or contraction force of the prestressed steel strands 24, the second anchoring sleeve 57 is extruded by the anchoring nut 58, so that the second anchoring sleeve 57 moves along the secondary anchor hole 542, and under the pressure action of the inner wall of the secondary anchor hole 542, the second anchoring sleeve 57 deforms, the pressure through groove 571 is reduced, and the prestressed steel strand 24 is fixed; meanwhile, as the outer wall of the second anchoring sleeve 57 is provided with the annular yielding threads which are mutually meshed with the yielding threads on the second-stage anchor hole 542, under the action of the prestressed steel strands 24, the annular yielding threads are gradually damaged, and the pressure through grooves 571 are gradually reduced, so that the anchoring effect on the tail end of the prestressed steel strands 24 is realized, and three-stage and multi-stage anchoring is realized.
The three-stage anchoring mechanism of the anchoring device 5 anchors the tail end of the prestressed steel strand 24, can support static load under high stress, can resist stress wave dynamic load induced by excavation, blasting, earthquake and the like, avoids disasters such as surrounding rock damage fracture, instability of a supporting structure and the like caused by high-concentrated static stress large deformation and dynamic impact load damage at an anchoring position, and has a good anchoring effect.
The soil nail anchor cable structure has the following advantages when in use:
1. the invention designs a soil nail anchor cable structure, combines the traditional soil nail and anchor cable structures to form a rigid-flexible supporting structure, can well combine the supporting structure with an original soil body in the side slope supporting process, supports the side slope, can effectively prevent the side slope from sliding or collapsing, and has good supporting effect and large bearing capacity;
2. when the anchor cable is used, prestress is applied to the anchor cable, the anchor head and the expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall interact under the action of external prestress, the locking mechanism is opened, the sickle-shaped positioning knife is inserted into the side wall of the anchor hole, the tail end of the anchoring section of the anchor cable is locked with the side wall of the anchor hole, the connecting effect between the anchoring structure and the anchor hole is enhanced, and the anchor cable structure is well fixed; meanwhile, when the locking mechanism is opened, the slit is opened under the pressure of the anchoring body, so that the anchor head is connected with the steel pipe retaining wall, a complete supporting structure is formed under the action of prestress, an original soil body is supported in the anchor hole, the integrity is good under the action of external force, the anchor head can be well combined with the original soil body, and the anchor head and the tail end of the anchoring section of the anchor cable are fixed;
3. the anchor cable is designed into a multi-stage yielding anchor cable and comprises an anchoring section and a free end, wherein the anchoring section comprises a multi-stage anchor cable structure, when the anchor cable is used, soil bodies with corresponding depths are anchored in a grading manner, the second-stage anchor cable can be effectively prevented from being broken due to the elongation process and being pulled out due to overlarge external pressure, the grading anchoring can be realized through the grading anchoring, the anchoring effect is good, a side slope can be effectively supported, the side slope is prevented from sliding and collapsing, and the stability of the side slope can be effectively ensured;
4. through the design of anchor, when using, can utilize one-level to let press anchor assembly and second grade to let press anchor assembly to anchor the prestressing force steel strand wires, carry out the anchor in grades to prestressing force steel strand wires, can support the static load under the high stress, can resist the stress wave dynamic load that excavation, blasting, earthquake etc. induced again, avoid the anchor position to lead to calamity such as country rock damage fracture and supporting construction unstability owing to the big deformation of the static stress of high concentration and the destruction of dynamic impact load, it is good to have a supporting effect, the holding capacity is big, anti-seismic performance is good and stable good advantage.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a soil nail anchor rope structure which characterized in that: the anchor cable fixing device is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail anchoring device, the soil nail anchoring device comprises a soil nail steel reinforcement cage and a steel pipe retaining wall (1), the steel pipe retaining wall (1) is arranged on the inner side of the soil nail steel reinforcement cage, the soil nail steel reinforcement cage is fixed in an anchor hole through a soil nail support, and a grouting steel pipe and cement mortar are arranged between the steel pipe retaining wall (1) and the wall of the anchor hole; the anchor cable fixing device comprises an anchor cable (2), an anchor head (3) and an anchoring device (5), wherein the anchor cable (2) is arranged on the inner side of the steel pipe retaining wall (1), the tail end of an anchoring section of the anchor cable (2) penetrates through the steel pipe retaining wall (1) to be connected with the anchor head (3), the anchor head (3) is arranged at the expansion end of the steel pipe retaining wall (1), the anchor head (3) is fixed at the bottom of an anchor hole through a locking mechanism (4) arranged inside the anchor head, the tail end of a free section of the anchor cable (2) is connected with the anchoring device (5), and the anchoring device (5) is arranged outside the anchor hole to fix the free end of the anchor cable (2) and the steel pipe retaining wall (1);
the steel pipe retaining wall (1) is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of steel pipes, a clamping table (12) is arranged on the steel pipe retaining wall (1) of the anchoring section of the anchor rope (2), two slits (11) are symmetrically formed in the expansion end of the tail section of the steel pipe retaining wall (1), and the slits (11) extend in the direction parallel to the central line of the steel pipe retaining wall (1) and are matched with the anchor head (3) for use;
the anchor head (3) comprises an anchor plate (31), a middle bedplate (34), an anchor block (35) and an anchor body (37), wherein the anchor body (37) is of a hollow structure, the middle bedplate (34) is arranged in the anchor body (37), the anchor plate (31) and the anchor block (35) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the anchor body (37), the anchor plate (31) is connected with the tail end of the anchor cable (2), a connecting body of the anchor block (35) extends into an inner cavity of the anchor body (37) and is connected with the middle bedplate (34), a telescopic groove (351) is further arranged on the connecting body of the anchor block (35), and the telescopic groove (351) is matched with the locking mechanism (4) for use;
the locking mechanism (4) is symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity of the anchoring body (37) in a cross shape and comprises a movable plate (42), a connecting shaft (43), a sickle-shaped positioning knife (44), a connecting rod (45) and a lock body (46), wherein the movable plate (42) is arranged in the anchoring body (37) close to one end of the anchoring plate (31), second movable grooves (421) are symmetrically arranged on the movable plate (42), a push rod (41) is movably arranged in the second movable groove (421), the push rod (41) is matched with a first movable groove (32) arranged on the anchoring body (37) for use, one end of the connecting shaft (43) is connected with the movable plate (42), the other end of the connecting shaft passes through a sealing plug (36) arranged on the middle bedplate (34) to be connected with the lock body (46), the lock body (46) is arranged in a telescopic groove (351) and moves along the telescopic groove (351), one side of the sickle-shaped positioning knife (44) is connected with a bottom foot (35), the footing of the other side is connected with one end of a connecting rod (45), the other end of the connecting rod (45) is connected with a lock body (46), and a knife body of a sickle-shaped positioning knife (44) is driven by the lock body (46) to rotate along a locking groove (33) arranged on the anchoring body (37).
2. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 1, wherein: the anchor cable (2) is a multi-stage yielding anchor cable and comprises an anchoring section and a free end, the anchoring section comprises a multi-stage anchor cable structure, the anchor cable (2) comprises an anchoring plate (21), a wire frame (22) and a prestressed steel strand (24), the anchoring plate (21) is arranged in the clamping table (12), a cross-connecting anchor hole (211) and a grouting pipe (23) are arranged on the anchoring plate (21), and the cross-connecting anchor hole (211) is symmetrically arranged on the anchoring plate (21) and is matched with the prestressed steel strand (24) for use; the thread frames (22) are arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates (21) and comprise large thread frames and small thread frames which are arranged in a crossed mode.
3. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 2, wherein: the wire frame (22) is a star-shaped support and comprises wire separating plates (221) and a connecting plate (222), the wire separating plates (221) are uniformly welded on the outer side of the connecting plate (222), a wire frame ring (223) is welded between every two adjacent wire separating plates (221), the wire frame ring (223) is matched with a prestressed steel strand (24) for use, and a through hole for a grouting pipe (23) to pass through is further formed in the center of the connecting plate (222); the prestressed steel strand (24) comprises a plurality of steel wire bundles.
4. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 2, wherein: anchoring device (5) including holding down plate (51), apron (52), second grade let press anchor assembly (54), one-level let press anchor assembly (55) and anchor nut (58), holding down plate (51) sets up in the outside of steel pipe dado (1), and is connected through expansion bolts (53) with apron (52), the second grade lets press anchor assembly (54) and one-level let press anchor assembly (55) and sets up in the both sides of holding down plate (51), lets to press anchor assembly (54) and one-level to let to press and form between anchor assembly (55) at the second grade, the one-level lets to press anchor assembly (55) to set up in steel pipe dado (1), anchor nut (58) set up in the outside that the second grade let press anchor assembly (54), fix prestressing force cable (24).
5. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 4, wherein: the primary yielding anchoring part (55) is provided with a primary anchor hole (551) and a grouting pipe through hole, and the primary anchor hole (551) is uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole; the primary anchor hole (551) is a trapezoidal anchor hole formed by two arc-shaped anchor plates (553) which are symmetrically arranged, rubber filler (552) is filled on the back side of each arc-shaped anchor plate (553), a primary anchor mechanism is further arranged in each primary anchor hole (551), each primary anchor mechanism comprises an anchor sleeve (56) and an anchor cylinder (59) which are matched with each other, each anchor sleeve (56) is a trapezoidal anchor sleeve matched with the corresponding primary anchor hole (551), each anchor cylinder (59) is composed of two arc-shaped anchor sheets matched with each other, each anchor sleeve is sleeved in each anchor sleeve (56), and anti-skid grains are arranged on the inner sides of the corresponding arc-shaped anchor sheets to be matched with the corresponding prestress steel strands (24).
6. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 4, wherein: the secondary yielding anchoring piece (54) is provided with a secondary anchor hole (542) and a grouting pipe through hole, and the secondary anchor hole (542) is uniformly arranged around the grouting pipe through hole; second grade anchor eye (542) are for setting up the sleeve chamber in first anchor sleeve (541), and are provided with second grade anchor mechanism in second grade anchor eye (542), second grade anchor mechanism is second anchor sleeve (57), the inboard of second anchor sleeve (57) is provided with anti-skidding line and prestress wire (24) cooperation and uses, and the outside is provided with the annular and lets pressure screw thread and set up the cooperation of letting pressure screw thread on second grade anchor eye (542) inner chamber and use.
7. The soil nailing anchor cable structure of claim 6, wherein: the second anchoring sleeve (57) is a trapezoidal sleeve matched with the second-level anchor hole (542) for use, a yielding through groove (571) is further formed in the second anchoring sleeve (57), and the yielding through groove (571) extends in the direction parallel to the center line of the second-level anchor hole (542).
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| CN108677943A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-10-19 | 张玉芳 | Repeatedly control slip casting pre-stressed steel anchor pipe anchor cable composite structure and its construction method |
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