CN113445503A - GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring structure and prestress loading method - Google Patents

GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring structure and prestress loading method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113445503A
CN113445503A CN202010226873.XA CN202010226873A CN113445503A CN 113445503 A CN113445503 A CN 113445503A CN 202010226873 A CN202010226873 A CN 202010226873A CN 113445503 A CN113445503 A CN 113445503A
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China
Prior art keywords
sleeve
gfrp
anchor rod
bolt
torsion
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CN202010226873.XA
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CN113445503B (en
Inventor
曹华
刘龙
胡义焕
刘云海
田振保
刘敬辉
董联杰
吴江华
陈笑欢
姚子文
侯雷
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corp Ltd
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Publication of CN113445503A publication Critical patent/CN113445503A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • E02D17/04Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00Setting anchoring-bolts
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0006Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a prestressed anchoring structure of a GFRP anchor rod and a prestressed loading method, comprising an anti-torsion anchor rod system, a pressure bearing system and a loading input system; the anti-torsion anchor rod system consists of a sleeve anchor rod structure, an anti-rotation limiting groove and a lifting slide rail, wherein a sleeve in the sleeve anchor rod structure is provided with an anti-torsion fit structure, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the anti-rotation limiting groove and the lifting slide rail are arranged in the pressure-bearing system; the bearing system consists of a bearing plate, a resistance reducing steel ball and a concrete bearing platform, the upper end of the sleeve penetrates through the bearing plate and the concrete bearing platform, and the extending section of the sleeve is provided with the external thread; the loading input system comprises an anchoring nut which is in threaded connection with the external thread and is positioned on the drag reduction steel ball, and the anchoring nut is provided with a torsion input part which is connected with the torsion applying equipment. The invention can avoid the GFRP anchor rod from being sheared and damaged, is convenient to install and ensures the structure to be reliable.

Description

GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring structure and prestress loading method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring support of side slopes, tunnels or foundation pits, in particular to a prestress anchoring structure of a GFRP anchor rod and a prestress loading method thereof.
Background
GFRP is a new type of reinforcing material compounded by resin matrix and fiber material, and compared with steel bar anchor rod, it has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high tensile strength, light dead weight, etc., and the GFRP anchor rod has low elastic modulus about 1/4 of steel bar. In order to limit the early-stage deformation of the reinforcement bodies such as the side slope, the tunnel or the foundation pit, prestress is applied when the GFRP anchor rod is used for anchoring and supporting the side slope and the foundation pit.
The GFRP anchor rod is made of anisotropic materials, and the shear strength of the GFRP anchor rod is 1/5-1/4 of tensile strength. The wedge-shaped clamping piece anchorage device of the conventional anchor rod applies prestress to the GFRP anchor rod, so that the shearing damage of an anchoring part is easily caused, and the tensile property of the GFRP anchor rod cannot be fully exerted.
The GFRP anchor rod is formed by glass fiber bundles after the processes of soaking, pressing, extruding, drawing and curing, and has high tensile strength and poor torsion resistance. When the GFRP anchor rod commonly used at present is applied with prestress, a steel sleeve is mainly used for filling adhesive, then the anchor rod or a steel strand is switched, and then a hollow jack is adopted for axial tensioning. The equipment for tensioning the GFRP anchor rod through the hollow jack is complex, the process is complex, the operation is inconvenient, the working efficiency is low, and particularly, the arrangement of the jack for applying prestress is difficult at an overhung position needing the prestress anchor rod for reinforcement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the prestress anchoring structure of the GFRP anchor rod and the prestress loading method are provided to avoid shearing damage, facilitate installation and ensure the structure to be reliable.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a GFRP anchor rod prestressed anchoring structure is characterized by comprising an anti-torsion anchor rod system, a pressure bearing system and a loading input system;
the anti-torsion anchor rod system consists of a sleeve anchor rod structure, an anti-rotation limiting groove and a lifting slide rail, wherein a sleeve in the sleeve anchor rod structure is provided with an anti-torsion fit structure, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the anti-rotation limiting groove and the lifting slide rail are arranged in the pressure-bearing system; the bearing system consists of a bearing plate, a resistance reducing steel ball and a concrete bearing platform, the upper end of the sleeve penetrates through the bearing plate and the concrete bearing platform, and the extending section of the sleeve is provided with the external thread; the loading input system comprises an anchoring nut which is in threaded connection with the external thread and is positioned on the drag reduction steel ball, and the anchoring nut is provided with a torsion input part which is connected with the torsion applying equipment.
Further, the sleeve anchor rod structure comprises a sleeve, an adhesive and a GFRP anchor rod, wherein the sleeve is firmly combined with the GFRP anchor rod body through the adhesive, so that the GFRP anchor rod is prevented from shearing and breaking when prestress is applied; the upper end of the sleeve is provided with the external thread; the adhesive forms a sleeve-like structure that is disposed substantially the entire length of the overlap of the sleeve and the GFRP bolt.
Further, the sleeve bolt structure comprises a sleeve, an adhesive and a GFRP bolt, wherein the sleeve is fixedly combined with the GFRP bolt body through the adhesive; the adhesive forms a uniform thickness connecting spacer, and the sleeve and the GFRP bolt remain coaxial.
Furthermore, an anti-torque wing plate is welded on the part, penetrating through the bearing platform, of the sleeve to serve as an anti-torque structure, and the anti-torque wing plate is in sliding connection and matching with the lifting slide rail; the slide rail is arranged in the anti-rotation limiting groove. The sliding rail can reduce the contact area between the torsion-resistant structure and the limiting groove, and reduce the prestress loss.
Furthermore, the top surface of the pressure-bearing plate is provided with an annular slide rail around the extending hole of the sleeve anchor rod structure, a circle of resistance reducing steel balls are placed in the annular slide rail, the resistance reducing steel balls are high-strength corrosion-resistant steel balls, and the resistance reducing steel balls and the slide rail are used for reducing friction resistance and improving the conversion efficiency of torque and axial stress.
The concrete bearing platform is poured according to the actual engineering condition and the design requirement, and a limiting groove and a hole are reserved for bearing the axial pressure transmitted by the bearing plate; and a vertical empty groove is reserved on the concrete bearing platform to serve as the anti-rotation limiting groove and be used for limiting the sleeve anchor rod structure from generating torsional deformation.
The bearing plate is a steel plate with good corrosion resistance and is supported on the concrete bearing platform, and the bearing plate and the concrete bearing platform are used for transmitting the axial stress of the GFRP anchor rod to the reinforcing body.
The anchoring nut is high in strength and corrosion resistant, the inner thread of the anchoring nut is matched with the outer thread of the sleeve of the anti-torsion sleeve anchor rod structure, the anchoring nut is used for converting the torque of the torsion applying equipment into the axial stress of the GFRP anchor rod, and the axial stress is locked after the load is applied in a grading manner.
The torque loading equipment is prestress applying equipment and applies load to the anchoring nut, and the torque applying equipment can be a manual torque wrench, an electric torque wrench or a hydraulic torque wrench;
the torque load applied by the torque applying equipment is converted into the axial load of the anchor rod through the anchoring nut and the external thread of the sleeve, and the purpose of applying prestress is further achieved.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
a prestress loading method for a GFRP anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drilling holes in the reinforcing body according to design requirements;
(2) placing the processed anti-torsion sleeve anchor rod structure into a drilled hole, and grouting according to design requirements;
(3) pouring a concrete bearing platform at the hole opening of the drill hole, reserving an anti-rotation limiting groove and embedding a sliding rail when pouring the concrete bearing platform;
(4) after the grouting and the strength of the concrete bearing platform reach the strength required by the design, placing a bearing plate on the concrete bearing platform, placing a resistance reducing steel ball on the bearing plate, and screwing the anchoring nut to the position of the resistance reducing steel ball;
(5) and selecting proper torque force applying equipment according to the size of the anchoring nut, and applying torque force step by adopting manual, electric or hydraulic torque force equipment according to the size of a prestress design value to finally finish prestress application and locking.
Further, when the anti-torsion sleeve anchor rod structure is processed, the end, provided with the threads, of the sleeve is downward and vertically placed on a supporting surface, the anchor rod is centrally inserted into the sleeve to the bottom, glue is filled and exhausted, and the sleeve and the anchor rod are connected after the glue is cured; the anti-twist fit structure on the sleeve surface is welded to the sleeve surface at a set position before or after the sleeve is bonded to the bolt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention reasonably utilizes the steel sleeve to isolate the anchorage device and the GFRP anchor rod when applying prestress, applies the prestress on the steel sleeve, transmits the prestress to the GFRP anchor rod through the steel sleeve firmly combined with the GFRP anchor rod, avoids the phenomenon of shearing damage caused by the direct contact of the anchorage device and the GFRP anchor rod in the prestress applying process, and limits the torsion of the GFRP anchor rod and prevents the GFRP anchor rod from being damaged by torsion by the limiting groove and the torsion-resistant structure outside the sleeve in the device. Effectively simplify prestressing force and apply equipment, simplify prestressing force and apply the process, improve work efficiency.
(2) The invention reasonably utilizes the limiting groove to limit the GFRP anchor rod from generating torsional deformation, utilizes the slide rail and the resistance reducing steel ball to reduce the frictional resistance, improves the conversion efficiency between torque and axial force, utilizes the torque applying equipment to provide the torque, and converts the torque into axial stress through the anchoring nut, thereby achieving the purposes of applying prestress and locking. The GFRP anchor rod is prevented from being twisted and broken, and prestress applying equipment and prestress applying procedures are simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3-1 is a plan view of the arrangement of the bearing plate and drag reducing steel balls in the present invention.
Fig. 3-2 is a side view of the arrangement of the pressure bearing plate and drag reducing balls in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of the torque application of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the GFRP anchor rod prestressed anchoring structure of the present invention includes an anti-torsion limit groove 1, a lifting slide rail 2, an anti-torsion wing plate 3, a steel sleeve 5, an adhesive 6, a GFRP anchor rod 7, a concrete bearing platform 8, an anchoring nut 9, a resistance reducing steel ball 11 and a bearing plate 10.
The anti-torsion limiting groove 1 can be reserved when the concrete bearing platform 8 is poured, and the size of the limiting groove 1 can be determined according to the length and the thickness of the anti-torsion wing plate 3.
The lifting slide rail 2 can be embedded in the limiting groove 1 when the concrete bearing platform 8 is poured, and the anti-torsion wing plate 3 is in contact with the lifting slide rail, so that the friction resistance can be reduced, and the conversion efficiency of torque and axial stress is improved.
The anti-torsion wing plate 3 is welded on the steel sleeve 5, and the size and the welding length of the anti-torsion wing plate 3 are determined according to the design value of the prestress; the torsion-resistant wing plate 3 penetrates into the limiting groove 1 and is in contact with the sliding rail 2, so that the torsion deformation of the GFRP anchor rod 7 is limited when torsion is applied, and the GFRP anchor rod is prevented from being damaged by torsion.
One end of the steel sleeve 5 is provided with an external thread, and the other end of the steel sleeve is welded with the anti-torsion wing plate 3.
The adhesive 6 is an expansive filling material, so that firm combination between the GFRP anchor rod 7 and the inner wall of the steel sleeve 5 is ensured, and the phenomenon of shearing damage caused by direct contact between the anchor and the GFRP anchor rod 7 in the prestress application process is avoided. The adhesive forms a uniform thickness connecting spacer, and the sleeve and the GFRP bolt remain coaxial. The adhesive forms a sleeve-like structure that is disposed substantially the entire length of the overlap of the sleeve and the GFRP bolt.
One end of the GFRP anchor rod 7 extends into the steel sleeve 5 and is firmly combined with the steel sleeve 5 through the adhesive 6, and the other end of the GFRP anchor rod extends into a drill hole and is firmly combined with the reinforcing body through grouting.
The concrete bearing platform 8 can be selected from different structural forms according to different reinforced objects, such as a frame beam or a single concrete bearing platform.
The anchoring nut 9 and the external thread of the steel sleeve 5 meet the assembly requirement, and one side of the contact surface of the anchoring nut 9 and the bearing plate 10 is provided with an annular slide rail; the nut 9 functions to convert the torque applied by the torque application device 12 into an axial stress of the GFRP bolt 7 and to lock the axial stress.
The bearing plate 10 is a corrosion-resistant steel plate, and one side of the contact surface of the bearing plate and the anchoring nut 9 is provided with an annular slide rail; the drag reduction steel balls 11 are placed between the anchoring nut 9 and the annular slide rail of the bearing plate 10 and are densely distributed for a circle, so that the sliding friction resistance between the anchoring nut 9 and the bearing plate 10 is converted into rolling friction resistance, and the purpose of reducing the friction resistance is further achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the prestress application method using the GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring structure includes the following steps:
(1) and drilling 7 in the reinforcing bodies such as the side slope, the tunnel or the foundation pit according to the design requirement.
(2) And placing the anti-torsion sleeve anchor rod structure assembled by the steel sleeve 5, the anti-torsion wing plate 3, the adhesive 6 and the GFRP anchor rod into a drill hole 7, wherein the anti-torsion wing plate 3 is positioned at the part above the drill hole opening, and grouting according to the design requirement.
(3) And pouring a concrete bearing platform 8 at the opening part of the drill hole, reserving a limiting groove 1 and embedding a lifting slide rail 2 when pouring the concrete bearing platform 8.
(4) After the grouting and the strength of the concrete bearing platform 8 reach the strength of the design requirement, a bearing plate 10 is placed on the concrete bearing platform 8, a circle of drag reduction steel balls 11 are placed in an annular slide rail of the bearing plate 10, and the anchoring nut 9 is screwed to the position of the drag reduction steel balls 11.
(5) Selecting proper torque force applying equipment 12 according to the size of the anchoring nut 9, applying torque force step by adopting manual, electric or hydraulic torque force equipment 12 according to the size of a prestress design value, finally completing prestress application, and locking axial stress through the anchoring nut 9.
The GFRP anchor rod 7 is firmly combined with the steel sleeve 5 through the adhesive 6, so that the phenomenon of shearing damage caused by direct contact between the anchor and the GFRP anchor rod in the prestress applying process is avoided; limiting the GFRP anchor rod to generate torsional deformation by using the limiting groove, and preventing the GFRP anchor rod from being damaged by torsion; the sliding rail and the resistance reducing steel ball are used for reducing the frictional resistance, and the conversion efficiency between the torque and the axial force is improved; torque is provided by using a torque force applying device, and is converted into axial stress through the anchoring nut, so that the purposes of applying prestress and locking are achieved; meanwhile, the prestress applying equipment and the prestress applying process are simplified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, i.e. all equivalent variations and modifications made by the present invention are covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention, which is not limited by the examples herein.

Claims (10)

1. A GFRP anchor rod prestressed anchoring structure is characterized by comprising an anti-torsion anchor rod system, a pressure bearing system and a loading input system;
the anti-torsion anchor rod system consists of a sleeve anchor rod structure, an anti-rotation limiting groove and a lifting slide rail, wherein a sleeve in the sleeve anchor rod structure is provided with an anti-torsion fit structure, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the anti-rotation limiting groove and the lifting slide rail are arranged in the pressure-bearing system; the bearing system consists of a bearing plate, a resistance reducing steel ball and a concrete bearing platform, the upper end of the sleeve penetrates through the bearing plate and the concrete bearing platform, and the extending section of the sleeve is provided with the external thread; the loading input system comprises an anchoring nut which is in threaded connection with the external thread and is positioned on the drag reduction steel ball, and the anchoring nut is provided with a torsion input part which is connected with the torsion applying equipment.
2. The GFRP bolt prestressed anchoring structure according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve bolt structure comprises a sleeve, an adhesive, a GFRP bolt, the sleeve firmly combining the sleeve with the GFRP bolt body by the adhesive to prevent the GFRP bolt from shearing when the prestress is applied; the upper end of the sleeve is provided with the external thread; the adhesive forms a sleeve-like structure that is disposed substantially the entire length of the overlap of the sleeve and the GFRP bolt.
3. The GFRP bolt pre-stressed anchoring structure of claim 1, wherein the sleeve bolt structure comprises a sleeve, an adhesive, a GFRP bolt, the sleeve firmly bonding the sleeve to the GFRP bolt body by the adhesive; the adhesive forms a uniform thickness connecting spacer, and the sleeve and the GFRP bolt remain coaxial.
4. The GFRP bolt prestressed anchoring structure according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the sleeve penetrating through the bearing platform is welded with a torsion-resistant wing plate, and the torsion-resistant wing plate is in sliding connection and matching with the lifting slide rail; the slide rail is arranged in the anti-rotation limiting groove.
5. The GFRP anchor rod pre-stressed anchoring structure of claim 1, wherein a vertical empty groove is reserved in the concrete bearing platform to serve as the anti-rotation limiting groove and is used for limiting torsional deformation of a sleeve anchor rod structure.
6. The GFRP bolt prestressed anchoring structure of claim 1, wherein the anchor nut is used to convert the torque of the torque applying device into the axial stress of the GFRP bolt and lock the axial stress after the load classification application is completed.
7. The GFRP anchor rod pre-stressed anchoring structure of claim 1, wherein an annular slide rail is arranged on the top surface of the pressure-bearing plate around the extending hole of the sleeve anchor rod structure, a circle of resistance-reducing steel balls are placed in the annular slide rail, and the resistance-reducing steel balls and the slide rail are used for reducing friction resistance and improving the conversion efficiency of torque and axial stress.
8. The GFRP bolt prestressed anchoring structure of claim 1, wherein the bearing plate is supported on a concrete cap, and the bearing plate and the concrete cap are used to transmit axial stress of the GFRP bolt to the reinforcement body.
9. A prestress loading method for a GFRP anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drilling holes in the reinforcing body according to design requirements;
(2) placing the machined anti-torque sleeve bolt structure of claim 1 into a borehole and grouting according to design requirements;
(3) pouring a concrete bearing platform at the hole opening of the drill hole, reserving an anti-rotation limiting groove and embedding a sliding rail when pouring the concrete bearing platform;
(4) after the grouting and the strength of the concrete bearing platform reach the strength required by the design, placing a bearing plate on the concrete bearing platform, placing a resistance reducing steel ball on the bearing plate, and screwing the anchoring nut to the position of the resistance reducing steel ball;
(5) and selecting proper torque force applying equipment according to the size of the anchoring nut, and applying torque force step by adopting manual, electric or hydraulic torque force equipment according to the size of a prestress design value to finally finish prestress application and locking.
10. A GFRP bolt prestress loading method according to claim 9, characterized in that the anti-torque sleeve bolt structure is manufactured by placing the threaded end of the sleeve downwards on the support surface, inserting the bolt centrally into the sleeve to the bottom, and by venting the glue, after the glue has cured, completing the connection of the sleeve and the bolt; the anti-twist fit structure on the sleeve surface is welded to the sleeve surface at a set position before or after the sleeve is bonded to the bolt.
CN202010226873.XA 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 GFRP anchor rod prestress anchoring structure and prestress loading method Active CN113445503B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06116948A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-04-26 Mitsubishi Kasei Corp Tensionning and anchoring method of frp tendon
CN102433879A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-05-02 武汉大学 Assembling unit for exerting prestress on glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor bolt and using method thereof
CN103306283A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-18 青岛理工大学 Method for improving shear strength of nonmetal anti-floating anchor
CN103628477A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-03-12 西南交通大学 Prestress loading device used for fiberglass rib anchor rod
CN106193615A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 安徽建工集团有限公司 A kind of glass fiber-reinforced polymer prestressed anti-floating anchor rod charger and construction method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06116948A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-04-26 Mitsubishi Kasei Corp Tensionning and anchoring method of frp tendon
CN102433879A (en) * 2011-11-17 2012-05-02 武汉大学 Assembling unit for exerting prestress on glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor bolt and using method thereof
CN103306283A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-18 青岛理工大学 Method for improving shear strength of nonmetal anti-floating anchor
CN103628477A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-03-12 西南交通大学 Prestress loading device used for fiberglass rib anchor rod
CN106193615A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-07 安徽建工集团有限公司 A kind of glass fiber-reinforced polymer prestressed anti-floating anchor rod charger and construction method thereof

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