CN113445328A - Preparation method of compact aramid fiber coring soft bag capable of preventing fine soil and water from escaping - Google Patents
Preparation method of compact aramid fiber coring soft bag capable of preventing fine soil and water from escaping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A preparation method of a compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping aims to solve the technical problems that the existing aramid fiber lunar soil coring soft bag is too large in porosity, fine soil is easy to run off, and water in frozen soil is difficult to store. The method comprises the following specific steps: the aramid fiber coring soft bag base with the diameter of 15-30mm and the length of 500-5000mm is woven. Adopts a chemical cracking method to prepare homogeneous nano aramid fiber with the diameter of 10-15nm and the length of 1 mu m. The nanometer aramid fiber is uniformly coated on the surface of the coring soft bag, the defect that the aperture of the coarse fiber coring soft bag is too large is overcome and filled, and finally the homogeneous aramid fiber/nanometer aramid fiber composite coring soft bag with uniform performance and compact structure is prepared. The invention realizes the effective combination of the nano aramid fiber and the aramid fiber, and utilizes the characteristics of compact structure and extremely low porosity of the nano aramid fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of coring soft bags for lunar soil collection, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping.
Background
In 2020, Chang' e No. 5 detector in China successfully completes the tasks of collecting, wrapping and collecting lunar soil and research on lunar soil components, and the task has great significance for lunar exploration engineering projects in China and research on lunar soil components in the moon. Meanwhile, the success of the launching task also shows that the three-step walking tasks of winding, falling and returning are well completed in the initial stage of the lunar exploration project in China. Next, China will begin to plan and execute lunar four-phase exploration tasks, and plan to execute 3 times of unmanned exploration tasks for the lunar south pole in 2021 + 2030, so as to improve the understanding of the lunar, strengthen technical reserve, hope to build a 'lunar research station' basic model in the lunar south pole, as a significant project of the landmark of the development activities of the extraterrestrial celestial bodies of human beings, promote the international lunar large scientific plan, and become an important shared platform for the development of the whole-human space. In the next-stage lunar exploration work task, resources in the lunar polar region, particularly the distribution and the existence form of the water resources are one of important scientific targets for lunar exploration, and the exploration of the existence of water has great significance for the establishment of a lunar scientific research station and a subsequent deep space exploration task. According to the existing demonstration planning, the 1 st task of the project of 'four months of exploration' is to carry out material composition in-place detection general investigation on the south pole of the moon, and particularly, the interior of a permanent shadow area is selected as a detection area to verify the scientific speculation that water resources exist in the moon. The 2 nd task of the ' fourth lunar exploration ' stage is to collect samples in the polar region of the moon and bring the samples back to the earth for scientific research, the operation mode is to inherit ' third lunar exploration ' and ' Chang ' E5 ', and the adaptive improvement is carried out on products according to the characteristics of complex objects in the polar region in the low-temperature environment and the like on the basis of the prior art. The two engineering tasks all need to carry out the research of the sampling technology aiming at the lunar polar region. However, the fiber woven coring soft bag adopted in the lunar exploration three-phase task in China at present hardly meets the requirement of the lunar exploration four-phase task, and the main reason is that the porosity of the fiber coring soft bag prepared at present is too large, the coated frozen soil is drilled, trace moisture is hardly stored in the process of high vacuum and high and low temperature change and long-time return, and great error exists in accurate judgment of lunar soil content in a lunar polar region. In order to solve the technical problem, a large number of research groups use high-temperature resistant resin to cover gaps among the coring soft bags, densify the coring fiber soft bags, and prevent water from escaping. However, as the research goes into, the defects of the composite fiber coring soft bag prepared by the method are gradually revealed. Firstly, the flexibility of the composite fiber coring soft bag coated with resin is reduced, which is extremely unfavorable for the coring soft bag to turn over and coat lunar soil, and makes the drilling process extremely difficult. Secondly, the existing known resin material is difficult to overcome the harsh environment of outer space, and the coated resin is very easy to degrade and pollute lunar soil under the environment of high ultraviolet irradiation and high and low temperature alternate change. Therefore, the development of a composite coring soft bag with compact structure and excellent and stable performance is a critical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that fine soil and water are difficult to store due to overlarge porosity of the conventional fiber coring soft bag, and provides a preparation method of a compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of integrated aramid fiber coring soft bag
Firstly twisting and warping 100-300 high-performance fiber warps with the diameter of 10-12 mu m, then plain weaving a tubular flexible fabric by adopting a weaving machine, and then cutting off edges in order to obtain a coring soft bag with uniform diameter and length;
step two: preparation of nano aramid fiber
Uniformly dispersing aramid fibers in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution (with the purity of 99.99 percent), adding potassium hydroxide particles, uniformly mixing, stirring at 1000r/min for 1 week at 100 times, and obtaining a nano aramid fiber solution after the aramid fibers are completely dissolved;
step three: preparation of homogeneous aramid fiber/nano aramid fiber composite coring soft bag
Covering the nano aramid fiber solution in the second step on the coring soft bag in the first step in a soaking or coating mode, scraping the redundant nano aramid fiber solution on the surface of the coring soft bag, only adding the nano aramid fiber solution at fiber gaps of the coring soft bag, soaking the obtained composite coring soft bag in deionized water after preparation, removing dimethyl sulfoxide solution in nano aramid fibers, and drying the composite coring soft bag in a drying oven at 50-100 ℃ after solvent replacement to obtain the compact composite coring soft bag.
Further, in the step one, the obtained coring soft bag is soaked in dimethyl sulfoxide, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, residual impurities on the surface of the soft bag are removed, and the cleaned soft bag is dried.
Further, in the step one, the high-performance fiber is aramid fiber, high-performance organic fiber or mixed fiber.
Further, the high-performance organic fiber is a PBO fiber or a PIPD fiber.
Further, in the second step, the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the potassium hydroxide is 1: 1.5.
further, in the second step, the mass fraction of the aramid fiber in the total mixture is 1.0-5.0 wt%.
Further, in the third step, the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the homogeneous nano aramid fiber coating is adopted, the technical requirements of projects are met, the harsh environment of outer space can be overcome, and the collected lunar soil is prevented from being polluted.
2. The nanometer aramid fiber and aramid fiber coring soft bag has strong hydrogen bond and van der Waals force action, so that the whole composite coring soft bag still has excellent flexibility and tensile property, and the technical requirement of the composite soft bag for covering lunar soil by turning over is ensured.
3. The compact gap structure of the diaphragm assembled by the nano aramid fiber ensures that fine soil and frozen ice are difficult to escape in the harsh environment of outer space, and lays a foundation for the follow-up ground research of the bedding structure of lunar soil and the verification of the content of water.
4. The invention has simple manufacturing process, convenient preparation, strong adjustability of parameters such as coating thickness and the like and high practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a woven aramid fiber coring soft bag;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of the nano-aramid fiber;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of preparation of the composite aramid fiber coring soft bag.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fiber coring soft bag shaking experiment;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of an aramid fiber coring soft bag;
fig. 6 is a photograph of an aramid fiber/nano-aramid composite coring soft bag.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Compared with the traditional aramid fiber, the nano aramid fiber not only inherits the characteristics of high strength, high modulus and high temperature resistance of the traditional aramid fiber, but also has smaller fiber diameter size. Because the size of the nano aramid fiber is greatly reduced, the pore size of the assembled corresponding nano fiber membrane is extremely small. Fine particles and moisture are difficult to permeate from the nanofiber multi-assembled fibrous membrane. Meanwhile, due to the interaction between super strong molecular chains and hydrogen bonds among the molecular chains of the nano aramid fiber, the assembled nano aramid fiber film material has excellent tensile property and flexibility. Therefore, the nano aramid fiber is used for filling the void ratio among aramid fiber soft bags in the third month-exploring period, the compactness of the soft core bag is greatly improved, the excellent overall performance of the composite soft core bag is ensured, and scheme reference and technical support are provided for the acquisition of frozen soil of a mission moon in the fourth month-exploring period and the demonstration of water content and engineering implementation in China.
According to the invention, the nanometer aramid fiber is uniformly coated on the surface of the coring soft bag, so that the defect of overlarge pore diameter of the coarse fiber coring soft bag is overcome and filled, and finally, the homogeneous aramid fiber/nanometer aramid fiber composite coring soft bag with uniform performance and compact structure is prepared. The method has the advantages that effective compounding of the nano aramid fiber and the aramid fiber is realized, the characteristics of compact structure and extremely low porosity of the nano aramid fiber are utilized, the defects of overlarge porosity, internal fine soil and water loss of the traditional aramid fiber coring soft bag at present are overcome, the function of the composite coring soft bag is further enhanced on the basis of keeping the original performance, the method is simple, and the effect is obvious.
Example 1:
1. preparation of soft core-taking fiber bag
The method comprises the steps of firstly twisting and warping 100 pieces of aramid fiber warp with the diameter of 10-12 mu m, then plain weaving a tubular flexible fabric by a weaving machine, wherein according to the design requirement, the inner diameter of a coring soft bag is 17.3+0.1mm, the width of the soft bag is 27.2mm in terms of conversion, the width during weaving is 27.4mm and the weft density is 40 pieces/cm in consideration of the thickness of the coring soft bag, and under the condition, the soft bag weaving is carried out according to different warp numbers. The difference of the number of the warp yarns has influence on the thickness of the coring soft bag, and the thickness is increased along with the increase of the number of the warp yarns. The number of warp yarns of the coring soft bag is 148. During the weaving process, the coring soft bag is woven according to the parameters of 27.4mm of width, 148 warps and 40 wefts/cm, and the coring soft bag body part which is finally woven is obtained, so that the coring soft bag with uniform diameter and length is obtained, as shown in figure 1.
2. Preparation of nano aramid fiber
1g of aramid fiber and 99g of a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution were added to a closed silk-top bottle having a capacity of 150 mL. After soaking the aramid fiber, adding 1.5g of potassium hydroxide (KOH), wherein the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the KOH is (1:1.5), slowly stirring for 10-15 days, and after the aramid fiber is completely dissolved, obtaining a nano aramid fiber solution with the mass fraction of 1 wt%, wherein the diameter of the nano aramid fiber is between 5 and 10nm, as shown in figure 2.
3. Preparation of coring fiber/nano aramid fiber composite soft bag
And (3) soaking the aramid fiber coring soft bag with the length of 20cm and the width of 2.72cm into the nano aramid fiber solution prepared in the step (2), and taking out the composite coring soft bag from the nano fiber solution after 10 min. Meanwhile, the coring soft bag is flatly paved on the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate, no folds and bulges are required, and after the coring soft bag is flatly paved, redundant nano aramid fiber solution is uniformly scraped. Meanwhile, the soaked composite coring soft bag is sleeved on the tetrafluoroethylene hose, so that the uniformity in the coring soft bag is ensured. After the coating is uniform, the composite coring soft bag is soaked in deionized water, the DMSO solvent in the nanofiber solution is removed, and the cleaning is repeated for 3 times. And (3) after the DMSO solvent is completely removed, drying in a drying oven at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the composite fiber coring soft bag, wherein the specific preparation flow is shown in figure 3. In order to further improve the compact performance of the composite coring soft bag, the nano aramid fiber solution can be repeatedly used for attachment, and the specific steps are consistent with the steps. The experimental result shows that the tensile strength of the initial coring soft bag is 3200N, the coring soft bag is still kept about 3200N after the nanofiber is coated, and the tensile property is unchanged.
In addition, in the process of the vibration experiment of the fine soil and the frozen soil, the basic quality of the filled fine soil and the frozen ice is basically not changed, and the sealing effect of the nano aramid fiber on the coring soft bag is also proved.
Example 2:
1. preparation of soft core-taking fiber bag
The method comprises the steps of firstly twisting and warping 100-300 aramid fiber warps with the diameter of 10-12 mu m, then plain weaving a tubular flexible fabric by a weaving machine, wherein the inner diameter of a coring soft bag is 17.3+0.1mm, the width of the coring soft bag is 27.2mm in terms of soft bag width, the width during weaving is 27.4mm in consideration of the thickness of the coring soft bag, and the weft density is 40 yarns/cm. The difference of the number of the warp yarns has influence on the thickness of the coring soft bag, and the thickness is increased along with the increase of the number of the warp yarns. The number of warp yarns of the coring soft bag is 148. During the weaving process, the coring soft bag is woven according to the parameters of 27.4mm of width, 148 warps and 40 wefts/cm, and the coring soft bag body part which is finally woven is obtained, so that the coring soft bag with uniform diameter and length is obtained, as shown in figure 5.
2. Preparation of nano aramid fiber
2g of aramid fiber and 98g of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMOS) solution were added to a closed wire-neck bottle having a capacity of 150 mL. After the aramid fiber is soaked, adding 3.0g of potassium hydroxide (KOH), wherein the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the KOH is (1:1.5), slowly stirring for 10-15 days, and after the aramid fiber is completely dissolved, obtaining a nano aramid fiber solution with the mass fraction of 2.0 wt%, wherein the diameter of the nano aramid fiber is 5-10 nm.
3. Preparation of coring fiber/nano aramid fiber composite soft bag
And (3) soaking the aramid fiber coring soft bag with the length of 20cm and the width of 2.72cm into the nano aramid fiber solution prepared in the step (2), and taking out the composite coring soft bag from the nano fiber solution after 15 min. Meanwhile, the soft coring bag is flatly paved on the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and after the soft coring bag is flatly paved, redundant nano aramid fiber solution is uniformly scraped. Meanwhile, the soaked composite coring soft bag is sleeved on the tetrafluoroethylene hose, so that the uniformity in the coring soft bag is ensured. After the coating is uniform, the composite coring soft bag is soaked in deionized water, the DMSO solvent in the nanofiber solution is removed, and the cleaning is repeated for 3 times. And after the DMSO solvent is completely removed, drying in an oven at 55-70 ℃ to obtain the composite fiber coring soft bag, as shown in figure 6. In order to further improve the compact performance of the composite coring soft bag, the method can repeatedly utilize the nano aramid fiber solution for attachment, and the specific steps are consistent with the steps. The experimental result shows that the tensile strength of the initial coring soft bag is 3200N, the coring soft bag is still kept about 3200N after the nanofiber is coated, and the tensile property is unchanged.
In addition, in the process of the oscillation experiment of the fine soil and the frozen soil, as shown in fig. 4, the basic quality of the filled fine soil and the filled frozen ice is basically not changed, and the sealing effect of the nano aramid fiber on the coring soft bag is also proved.
Table of vibration experiment
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of integrated aramid fiber coring soft bag
Firstly twisting and warping 100-300 high-performance fiber warps with the diameter of 10-12 mu m, then plain weaving a tubular flexible fabric by adopting a weaving machine, and then cutting off edges in order to obtain a coring soft bag with uniform diameter and length;
step two: preparation of nano aramid fiber
Uniformly dispersing aramid fibers in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution, adding potassium hydroxide particles, uniformly mixing, stirring at the speed of 1000r/min for 1 week at the speed of 100-;
step three: preparation of homogeneous aramid fiber/nano aramid fiber composite coring soft bag
Covering the nano aramid fiber solution in the second step on the coring soft bag in the first step in a soaking or coating mode, scraping the redundant nano aramid fiber solution on the surface of the coring soft bag, only adding the nano aramid fiber solution at fiber gaps of the coring soft bag, soaking the obtained composite coring soft bag in deionized water after preparation, removing dimethyl sulfoxide solution in nano aramid fibers, and drying the composite coring soft bag in a drying oven at 50-100 ℃ after solvent replacement to obtain the compact composite coring soft bag.
2. The preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, the obtained coring soft bag is soaked in dimethyl sulfoxide, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, residual impurities on the surface of the soft bag are removed, and the cleaned soft bag is dried.
3. The preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the first step, the high-performance fiber is aramid fiber, high-performance organic fiber or mixed fiber.
4. The preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the high-performance organic fiber is PBO fiber or PIPD fiber.
5. The preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step, the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the potassium hydroxide is 1: 1.5.
6. the preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the second step, the mass fraction of the aramid fiber in the total mixture is 1.0-5.0 wt%.
7. The preparation method of the compact aramid fiber coring soft bag for preventing fine soil and water from escaping according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the third step, the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
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