CN113445325A

CN113445325A - Light-transmitting artificial leather and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113445325A
Application number: CN202110716248.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔倩文; 蒙礼杰; 吴启超; 王东勇; 陈伟棠; 麦绮明; 郭汇成; 吴天睿
Original assignee: Guangdong Tian'an Polymer Technology Co ltd; Guangdong Tianan New Material Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Tian'an Polymer Technology Co ltd; Guangdong Tianan New Material Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-25
Filing date: 2021-06-25
Publication date: 2021-09-28

Abstract

The invention discloses light-transmitting artificial leather. The light-transmitting artificial leather sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and base cloth, wherein the PVC surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler and 0-2 parts of pigment; the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler, 0-2 parts of pigment, 4-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent. The artificial leather prepared by the invention has fine and uniform foam pores and uniform distribution, and can integrally realize uniform light transmission effect.

Description

Light-transmitting artificial leather and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial leather, in particular to light-transmitting artificial leather and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) artificial leather is a plastic coating product taking cloth or paper as a base material, and can replace natural leather. The PVC artificial leather mainly has two production modes of a coating and scraping method and a rolling method. The PVC artificial leather mainly comprises a three-layer structure of a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and a base fabric, and the PVC artificial leather can realize various color changes by adding components such as a filling agent, a pigment and the like into a raw material formula of the PVC surface layer and the PVC foaming layer. However, because of the addition of a large amount of filler or pigment, the leather product can only be used for surface coating due to lack of light transmittance, and cannot be used as the internal structure of the perspective coating member. On the other hand, the PVC foaming layer has the phenomena of nonuniform foaming size, expansion of cells, nonuniform distribution and the like due to improper using amount of the foaming agent, so that the light transmission uniformity of the artificial leather is poor. Therefore, it is required to develop a PVC artificial leather capable of realizing a uniform light-transmitting effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the light-transmitting artificial leather, the pores of the artificial leather are fine and uniformly distributed, and the uniform light-transmitting effect can be integrally realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the light-transmitting artificial leather sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and a base fabric, wherein the PVC surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler and 0-2 parts of pigment; the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler, 0-2 parts of pigment, 4-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent.

The PVC surface layer is compact in structure and has strong light shielding performance, and the effect of the PVC light-transmitting film is achieved by controlling the amount of the filler, so that the light-transmitting effect of the artificial leather is improved.

The PVC foaming layer is a multi-bubble loose structure layer, and in order to realize better light transmission or light scattering performance, the composition of the PVC foaming layer is optimized, the using amount of the filling agent is reduced, the light transmission film characteristic is kept, and the using amounts of the foaming agent and the auxiliary agent are adjusted, so that the foam holes in the foaming layer are fine and uniform and are uniformly distributed, and the effect of uniform light transmission on the surface is achieved.

The pigment can be added into the artificial leather to give the required color, but the use amount of the pigment is too much, so that the light transmittance of the artificial leather is easily reduced.

Further, the PVC surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-5 parts of filler and 0-2 parts of pigment, wherein the prepared surface layer has better transmittance in the range of the mixture ratio; the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-5 parts of filler, 0-2 parts of pigment, 4-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent, wherein in the proportioning range, the foaming multiplying power can be effectively reduced, the phenomenon that the foam holes are over-expanded to cause large hollow spheres is avoided, and the foaming layer has better foam hole uniformity.

Furthermore, the PVC surface layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer; the PVC foaming layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 6-8 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent. By optimizing the formula of the PVC surface layer and the PVC foaming layer, the light-transmitting effect of the artificial leather is more excellent.

Further, the plasticizer is at least one of diisononyl phthalate (DPHP), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOA), trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM), and diisononyl cyclohexane-1, 2-Dicarboxylate (DINCH).

Further, the stabilizer is more than one of calcium zinc stabilizer and barium zinc stabilizer.

Furthermore, the filler is calcium carbonate, so that the cost is low.

Further, the blowing agent is a non-azo blowing agent. Further, the foaming agent is uric acid foaming agent. Azo-based blowing agents are preferred because they tend to yellow the product and affect light transmission to some extent.

Furthermore, the auxiliary agent is ACR, so that the uniformity of foam pores of the foaming layer can be effectively improved.

The base cloth needs to be as uniform and loose as possible under the condition of ensuring physical properties, and the aperture space achieves the light transmission effect; meanwhile, lines cannot be too thick, and the influence of light transmission of lattice fringes is avoided. Further, the base fabric is a single-sided knitted fabric, preferably a white single-sided knitted fabric, and the influence of the color of the base fabric on the light transmittance of the artificial leather is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, by optimizing the use amounts of the filler and the foaming agent, the prepared artificial leather has fine and uniform foam pores and can integrally realize a uniform light transmission effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a micrograph of an artificial leather PVC foam layer of example 2;

FIG. 2 is a micrograph of the artificial leather PVC foamed layer of example 7;

fig. 3 is a micrograph of an artificial leather PVC foam layer of comparative example 1;

fig. 4 is a micrograph of an artificial leather PVC foam layer of comparative example 2;

FIG. 5 shows the light transmission effect of the artificial leather according to example 2 (the original is a color pattern);

FIG. 6 is a light transmission effect (original is a color pattern) of the artificial leather of comparative example 1;

FIG. 7 is a light transmission effect (original is a color pattern) of the artificial leather of comparative example 2;

FIG. 8 is a light transmission effect (original is a color pattern) of the artificial leather of comparative example 3;

fig. 9 is a light transmission effect (original is a color drawing) of the artificial leather of comparative example 4.

Detailed Description

To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the examples, the experimental methods used were all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents and the like used were commercially available without otherwise specified.

Example 1

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 1, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth.

TABLE 1

The preparation method of the light-transmitting artificial leather comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively preparing a PVC surface layer and a PVC bottom layer according to the formula, wherein the thickness of the PVC surface layer is 0.18 mm;

(2) opening cloth: carrying out gluing treatment on the base cloth through a cloth opening machine, coating a PU paste layer on the base cloth, drying and rolling for later use;

(3) rolling: paving a bottom layer on the base cloth obtained in the step (1) by a calendering method, and paving a PVC surface layer on the surface of the bottom layer far away from the base cloth to form a base material;

(4) surface treatment: coating a water-based surface treatment agent on the PVC surface layer of the base material;

(5) foaming and embossing: sending the base material subjected to surface treatment into a foaming furnace, decomposing a foaming agent at 220 ℃, generating air holes at the bottom layer to form a PVC foaming layer to reach the required thickness of a finished product, and simultaneously carrying out embossing treatment while discharging the foaming furnace to enable the surface layer of the base material to form textures;

(6) baking treatment: and baking the base material subjected to foaming and embossing to obtain the finished product of the light-transmitting artificial leather, wherein the thickness of the finished product is not more than 1 mm.

Example 2

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 2, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 2

Example 3

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 3, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 3

Example 4

TABLE 4

Example 5

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 5, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 5

Example 6

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 6, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 6

Example 7

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 7, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 7

Example 8

The printing opacity synthetic leather of this embodiment includes PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth in proper order, and the raw materials of PVC surface course, PVC foaming layer and base cloth are shown as table 8, and white single face looped fabric is chooseed for use to the base cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 8

Comparative example 1

The light-transmitting artificial leather of the comparative example sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and base cloth, wherein the raw materials of the PVC surface layer, the PVC foaming layer and the base cloth are shown in Table 9, and the base cloth is white single-sided knitted cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this comparative example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 9

Comparative example 2

The light-transmitting artificial leather of the comparative example sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and a base cloth, wherein the raw materials of the PVC surface layer, the PVC foaming layer and the base cloth are shown in table 10, and the base cloth is white single-sided knitted cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this comparative example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

Watch 10

Comparative example 3

The light-transmitting artificial leather of the comparative example sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and base cloth, wherein the raw materials of the PVC surface layer, the PVC foaming layer and the base cloth are shown in Table 11, and the base cloth is white single-sided knitted cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this comparative example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 11

Comparative example 4

The light-transmitting artificial leather of the comparative example sequentially comprises a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and a base cloth, wherein the raw materials of the PVC surface layer, the PVC foaming layer and the base cloth are shown in Table 12, and the base cloth is white single-sided knitted cloth. The light-transmitting artificial leather of this comparative example was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.

TABLE 12

Test examples

The artificial leathers prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were measured for their cell sizes by a microscope, and the results are shown in table 13. Among them, micrographs of the PVC foam layer of the artificial leathers of example 2, example 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in fig. 1 to 4.

The artificial leathers prepared in examples and comparative examples were tested for light transmittance by the following method: the artificial leather was lighted on the back side, and the light transmission effect was observed, and the results are shown in fig. 5 to 9.

Watch 13

Group of	Bubble size (mm)
		Example 1	0.06～0.08
Example 2	0.03～0.05
		Example 3	0.02～0.04
Example 4	0.03～0.05
		Example 5	0.03～0.05
Example 6	0.03～0.05
		Example 7	0.03～0.05
Example 8	0.03～0.05
		Comparative example 1	0.07～0.10
Comparative example 2	0.01～0.03
		Comparative example 3	0.03～0.05
Comparative example 4	0.03～0.05

As can be seen from fig. 1-4 and table 13, fig. 1 is a micrograph of the artificial leather PVC foamed layer of example 2, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the foamed layer prepared in example 2 has uniform and moderate number of cells, and the cells are not easily broken; FIG. 2 is a micrograph of the PVC foamed layer of the artificial leather of example 7, showing that the cells are relatively less uniform without the addition of an auxiliary agent, although the foaming effect is good; the micrographs of the artificial leather PVC foamed layer prepared in the remaining examples are not different from example 2, and are not listed here.

FIG. 3 is a micrograph of the PVC foamed layer of the artificial leather of comparative example 1, showing a small amount of foaming agent, incomplete foaming, and large and small cells; FIG. 4 is a micrograph of the PVC foamed layer of the artificial leather of comparative example 2, which shows that the foaming agent is used in a large amount, so that the cells are extruded with each other, and the cells are easily broken and more cells are formed under the pressure of the patterns of the subsequent pressing example, so that the cells of the surface layer are formed. The light transmission is influenced by the size of the foam holes, the uniformity of the foam holes, the density of the wall of the foam holes and the like, the inventor carries out observation and resolution on microscopic pictures in the actual research and development process, finally selects the scheme of the application, and the PVC foaming layer obtained by the scheme of the invention has uniform and moderate foam holes and is not easy to break.

As can be seen from fig. 5 to 9, in embodiment 2, the uniformity of light transmission is better. It can be seen from the comparative examples and comparative examples 3 to 4 that the use amount of the filler is too large, resulting in a decrease in light transmittance or even almost no light transmittance effect, and therefore, in order to ensure that the artificial leather obtained has a good light transmittance effect, the use amount of the filler in the PVC face layer and the PVC foam layer of the present invention is not more than 10 parts by weight. Comparing example 2 with comparative examples 1-2, it can be seen from fig. 6 and 7 that there are very small pocks, the light transmission effect is poor, there is a situation that part is not light-tight, and the light transmission is affected by too much or too little amount of foaming agent, so that the invention can adjust the foaming aperture by adjusting the amount of foaming agent, so that the cells are fine and uniform and are uniformly distributed in the plane, which is beneficial for the artificial leather to realize uniform light transmission effect.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. The light-transmitting artificial leather is characterized by sequentially comprising a PVC surface layer, a PVC foaming layer and base cloth, wherein the PVC surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler and 0-2 parts of pigment; the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 70-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-10 parts of filler, 0-2 parts of pigment, 4-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent.

2. The light-transmitting artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the PVC top layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-5 parts of filler and 0-2 parts of pigment; the PVC foaming layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 0-5 parts of filler, 0-2 parts of pigment, 4-10 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent.

3. The light-transmitting artificial leather according to claim 2, wherein the PVC top layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer; the PVC foaming layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC, 80-100 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of stabilizer, 6-8 parts of foaming agent and 0-1 part of auxiliary agent.

4. The light-transmittable artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is at least one of diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dioctyl adipate (DOA), dioctyl sebacate (DOA), trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM), and diisononyl cyclohexane-1, 2-Dicarboxylate (DINCH).

5. The light-transmitting artificial leather of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is a calcium zinc stabilizer.

6. The light-transmitting artificial leather of claim 1, wherein the filler is calcium carbonate.

7. The light-transmitting artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a non-azo type foaming agent.

8. The light-transmitting artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is ACR.

9. The light-transmitting artificial leather according to claim 1, wherein the base fabric is a single-sided knitted fabric.