CN113444112A - Heterocyclic compounds and their use in organic electroluminescent devices - Google Patents

Heterocyclic compounds and their use in organic electroluminescent devices Download PDF

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CN113444112A
CN113444112A CN202110711690.1A CN202110711690A CN113444112A CN 113444112 A CN113444112 A CN 113444112A CN 202110711690 A CN202110711690 A CN 202110711690A CN 113444112 A CN113444112 A CN 113444112A
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王湘成
何为
向传义
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a compoundCyclic compounds and their use in organic electroluminescent devices, the heterocyclic compounds having
Figure DDA0003133166100000011
Structure shown, X1Is N, X2To X6Are the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from C or N, and at least one is N; ar is an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 carbon atoms; r1From- (L)1)m‑A1Represents: l is1Is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene; m is an integer of 0 to 10, and when m is not less than 2, L1Are the same or different from each other; a. the1Is a substituted or unsubstituted amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group. The heterocyclic compound has high refractive index, heat resistance and light coupling efficiency, and can realize low driving voltage and simultaneously prolong the service life when being used for an organic electroluminescent device.

Description

Heterocyclic compounds and their use in organic electroluminescent devices
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic electroluminescent materials, and particularly relates to a heterocyclic compound and application thereof in an organic electroluminescent device.
Background
Currently, as the display device using an organic electroluminescent device (OLED) has an increasing area, problems of efficiency or lifetime need to be solved. Efficiency and lifetime, driving voltage, and the like are related to each other, and as the efficiency is increased, the driving voltage is relatively decreased, and when the driving voltage is decreased, crystallization of the organic material caused by joule heat generated during driving becomes less, resulting in an increase in lifetime.
The light efficiency of an organic electroluminescent device is generally divided into internal light emission efficiency and external light emission efficiency. Internal light emission efficiency relates to how excitons are efficiently generated and light conversion is achieved in organic material layers such as a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode (i.e., between an anode and a cathode); the external light emission efficiency (also referred to as "light coupling efficiency") indicates the efficiency of light generated in the organic material layer, extracted outside the organic electroluminescent device. When high light conversion efficiency is obtained in the organic material layer (i.e., when internal light emission efficiency is high), the overall light efficiency of the organic electroluminescent device is still low when external light emission efficiency is low. In order to improve the light coupling efficiency, it has been proposed to mount a capping layer (Cappinglayer) having a high refractive index on the outside of a translucent electrode having a low refractive index of an organic electroluminescent device, and a material for the capping layer is required to have a high refractive index and to have excellent film stability or durability, but the molecular stability of a capping layer material commonly used in the market can satisfy the use requirements, but the refractive index is not high as a whole, and the overall properties are yet to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a heterocyclic compound having a structure represented by chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2:
[ chemical formula 1]
Figure BDA0003133166080000011
[ chemical formula 2]
Figure BDA0003133166080000012
Wherein, in chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2,
X1is N;
X2to X6Are the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from C or N, and at least one is N;
ar is an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
R1from- (L)1)m-A1Represents:
L1is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene;
m is an integer of 0 to 10, and when m is not less than 2, L1Are the same or different from each other;
A1is a substituted or unsubstituted amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.
The heterocyclic compound containing anthryl/phenanthryl has the following advantages: high refractive index, heat resistance and light coupling efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the heterocyclic compound provided by the invention has high refractive index under 450nm, can greatly improve the luminous efficiency when being used as a covering layer material of an organic electroluminescent device, realizes low driving voltage and prolongs the service life.
The above-described and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic electroluminescent device in the example.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
The heterocyclic compounds used in the following examples have a structure as shown in chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2:
[ chemical formula 1]
Figure BDA0003133166080000021
[ chemical formula 2]
Figure BDA0003133166080000031
Wherein, in chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2,
X1is N;
X2to X6Are the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from C or N, and at least one is N;
ar is an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
R1from- (L)1)m-A1Represents:
L1is a direct health-care product,A substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene;
m is an integer of 0 to 10, and when m is not less than 2, L1Are the same or different from each other;
A1is a substituted or unsubstituted amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.
The substituents in the compound represented by chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 are described below, but not limited thereto.
"substituted or unsubstituted" means substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, a halogen group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, an imide group, an amino group, a phosphine oxide group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, a silyl group, a boryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an aralkenyl group, an alkylaryl group, an alkylamino group, an aralkylamino group, a heteroarylamino group, an arylamino group, and a heterocyclic group, or unsubstituted; or a substituent linking two or more of the above substituents, or unsubstituted, e.g., "a substituent linking two or more substituents" includes biphenyl, i.e., biphenyl can be an aryl group or a substituent linking two phenyl groups.
"adjacent group" means a substituent which replaces an atom directly bonded to an atom substituted with the corresponding substituent, a substituent which is located closest to the corresponding substituent in space, or another substituent which replaces an atom substituted with the corresponding substituent, for example, two substituents which substitute for the ortho position in the benzene ring and two substituents which substitute for the same carbon in the aliphatic ring may be "adjacent groups" to each other, or a substituent which substitutes for N in the carbazole and a substituent which substitutes for carbon No. 2 or carbon No. 8 in the carbazole may be "adjacent groups".
"adjacent groups are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted ring" means that adjacent groups are bonded to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic heterocyclic ring, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic ring, or a condensed ring thereof, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon ring, the aromatic hydrocarbon ring, the aliphatic heterocyclic ring, and the aromatic heterocyclic ring may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
"amino" includes alkylamino, aralkylamino, heteroarylamino, arylamino or arylheteroarylamino (amino substituted with aryl and heterocyclic groups), and the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 40; wherein: the alkylamino group can include methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, phenylamino, naphthylamino, biphenylamino, anthracylamino, 9-methyl-anthracylamino, diphenylamino, phenylnaphthylamino, ditolylamino, phenyltolylamino, triphenylamino; the arylamine group may include a substituted or unsubstituted monoarylamine group, a substituted or unsubstituted diarylamine group, or a substituted or unsubstituted triarylamine group, and the aryl group in the arylamine group may be a monocyclic aryl group, a polycyclic aryl group, or a combination of a monocyclic aryl group and a polycyclic aryl group, such as a phenylamino group, a naphthylamine group, a biphenylamino group, an anthrylamino group, a 3-methyl-phenylamino group, a 4-methyl-naphthylamine group, a 2-methyl-biphenylamino group, a 9-methyl-anthrylamino group, a diphenylamino group, a phenylnaphthylamine group, a ditolylamino group, a phenyltolylamino group, a carbazole, a triphenylamine group; heteroarylamino includes substituted or unsubstituted mono-heteroarylamino, substituted or unsubstituted di-heteroarylamino, or substituted or unsubstituted tri-heteroarylamino, and heteroaryl can be a monocyclic heterocyclyl, a polycyclic heterocyclyl, or a combination of monocyclic and polycyclic heterocyclyls.
The "aryl group" preferably has 6 to 60 carbon atoms. According to some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group is from 6 to 30; according to some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group is from 6 to 20. The aryl group can be monocyclic aryl group or polycyclic aryl group, the monocyclic aryl group comprises phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quaterphenyl and pentabiphenyl group, and the polycyclic aryl group comprises naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, perylenyl and fluorenyl.
"heterocyclic group" contains N, O, P, S, Si and one or more of Se as a hetero atom, and the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 60. According to some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms in the heterocyclic group is from 1 to 30, including pyridyl, pyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, furyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, dithiazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyranyl, thiapyranyl, pyrazinyl, oxazinyl, thiazinyl, dioxanyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinolinyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, acridinyl, xanthenyl, phenanthridinyl, naphthyridinyl, triazindenyl, indolyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridopyrimidinyl, pyridopyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, dibenzofuranyl, Carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, indenocarbazolyl, phenazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, phenazinyl, phenanthridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenothiazinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazophenanthridinyl, benzimidazoloquinazolinyl, benzimidazolophenanthridinyl.
The above description of heterocyclyl groups can be applied to heteroaryl groups, except that the heteroaryl group is aromatic.
The above description of heterocyclyl groups can be applied to heteroarylenes, except that the heteroarylene group is divalent.
The above description of aryl groups applies to arylene groups, except that arylene groups are divalent.
The above description of aryl groups applies to aryl groups in aryloxy, arylthio, arylsulfonyl, arylphosphino, aralkyl, aralkylamino, aralkenyl, alkylaryl, arylamino, and arylheteroarylamino groups.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 may be represented by any one of the following chemical structures:
Figure BDA0003133166080000051
according to some embodiments of the present invention, chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 may be represented by a chemical structure of any one of chemical formulae 3 to 8, [ chemical formula 3], [ chemical formula 4], and [ chemical formula 5] are, in order:
Figure BDA0003133166080000052
[ chemical formula 6], [ chemical formula 7], and [ chemical formula 8] are, in order:
Figure BDA0003133166080000053
in chemical formulas 3 to 8, X1To X6、R1Are the same as chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, in chemical formulas 1 to 8, L1Is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms; a. the1Is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamine group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 may be selected from any one of the following chemical structures numbered 1 to 115:
Figure BDA0003133166080000061
Figure BDA0003133166080000071
Figure BDA0003133166080000081
Figure BDA0003133166080000091
the following synthetic examples 1 to 7 describe in detail the production methods of the heterocyclic compounds 11, 25, 41, 60, 86, 100 and 103, and it is not noted that the raw materials of the production methods are all commercially available, and the synthetic methods of the other heterocyclic compounds are similar to the synthetic examples 1 to 7. Wherein, the synthesis of the heterocyclic bromine compound adopts a ring closing reaction, and the technical route is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000101
Figure BDA0003133166080000102
the anthryl/phenanthryl heterocyclic amine or anthryl/phenanthryl heterocyclic boronic acid synthesis can be obtained by functional group conversion.
Synthesis example 1
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 11 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000103
in a three-neck flask, solid raw materials 11-1(15g, 50mmol), 11-2(8.7g, 26mmol), palladium acetate (0.15g, 1%), cesium carbonate (32g, 100mmol) are added, solvents of toluene 100mL, ethanol 10mL, purified water 10mL are added, vacuum pumping, nitrogen protection and replacement are carried out for 3 times, and the reaction is placed in an oil bath kettle with the external temperature of 100 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours.
After cooling, the celite was filtered. The filtrate was spin dried on a rotary evaporator to give crude grey solid which was purified using dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 2(10V), slurried overnight at room temperature, filtered the solid and concentrated in tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 2(100mL), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered to give an off-white solid and the crude product was recrystallized by heating with 50mL of toluene. Filtration gave 12g of a white solid in 69.7% yield.
Example 2
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 25 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000104
synthesis of Compounds 25-3: in a three-necked flask, solid starting materials 25-1(30g, 100mmol), 25-2(18.2g, 50mmol), palladium acetate (0.30g, 1%), cesium carbonate (61g, 188mmol) were added, and the solvents toluene 200mL, ethanol 20mL, and purified water 20mL were added. Vacuumizing, protecting with nitrogen and replacing 3 times. The reaction was placed in an oil bath at an external temperature of 100 ℃ and allowed to react for 4 hours. After cooling, the celite was filtered. The filtrate was spin-dried on a rotary evaporator to give a crude grey solid. Crude product was purified with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 3(10V), slurried at room temperature overnight. The solid was filtered and washed with tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 3(200mL), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered to give an off-white solid. The crude product was recrystallized from 100mL of toluene by heating. Filtration gave 22g of a white solid in 70.8% yield.
Synthesis of compound 25: in a three-necked flask, solid 25-3(15g, 24mmol), solid 2-2(6.9g, 24mmol), palladium acetate (0.15g, 1%), cesium carbonate (16.2g, 50mmol) were added, and solvent toluene 100mL, ethanol 10mL, purified water 10mL was added. Vacuumizing, protecting with nitrogen and replacing 3 times. The reaction was placed in an oil bath at an external temperature of 100 ℃ and allowed to react for 4 hours. After cooling, the celite was filtered. The filtrate was spin-dried on a rotary evaporator to give a crude grey solid. Crude product was purified with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 2(10V), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered and washed with tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 2(200mL), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered to give an off-white solid. The crude product was recrystallized from 100mL of toluene by heating. Filtration gave 14g of a white solid in 70.7% yield.
Example 3
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 41 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000111
synthesis of Compound 41-3: in a three-necked flask, raw materials 41-1(15g, 50mmol) and 41-2(9.1g, 25mmol), palladium acetate (0.15g, 1%), cesium carbonate (32g, 100mmol) were charged, and solvents of toluene 100mL, ethanol 10mL and purified water 10mL were added. Vacuumizing, protecting by nitrogen and replacing for 3 times, and reacting for 4 hours in an oil bath pan with the external temperature of 100 ℃. After cooling, the mixture was filtered through celite, and the filtrate was spun dry on a rotary evaporator to give crude grey solid which was purified by evaporation with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 3(10V), slurried overnight at room temperature, filtered the solid and concentrated in tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 2(200mL), slurried overnight at room temperature, filtering the solid to give an off-white solid, heating the crude product with 100mL of toluene to recrystallize, filtering to give 11g of a white solid in 70.7% yield.
Synthesis of compound 41: in a three-necked flask, raw materials 41-3(10g, 16mmol), 4-4(4.6g, 16mmol), palladium acetate (0.15g, 1%), cesium carbonate (9g, 30mmol) were charged, and 100mL of toluene, 10mL of ethanol, and 10mL of purified water as solvents were added. Vacuumizing, protecting by nitrogen and replacing for 3 times, and reacting for 4 hours in an oil bath pan with the external temperature of 100 ℃. After cooling, the mixture was filtered through celite, and the filtrate was spun dry on a rotary evaporator to give crude grey solid which was purified by evaporation with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 2(10V), slurried overnight at room temperature, filtered the solid and concentrated in tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 2(200mL), slurried overnight at room temperature, filtering the solid to give an off-white solid, heating the crude product with 100mL of toluene to recrystallize, filtering to give 10g of a white solid in 75.1% yield.
Example 4
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 60 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000121
synthesis of Compound 60-3: 60-2(11.5g, 44.8mmol), NaOBu-t (7g, 73mmol) and toluene (100mL) were added to a three-necked flask, the system was replaced with nitrogen, the reaction mixture was heated to 70 ℃ and Pd was added thereto2(dba)3(0.15g, 1% w/w) and t-Bu3P(1.5g,10%w/w), nitrogen substitution. 60-1(15g, 44.8mmol) was dissolved in 15mL of toluene and slowly added dropwise. After the addition, the system was heated to 110 ℃ and reacted for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was cooled to 50 ℃, passed through silica gel, rinsed with 100mL of toluene, the resulting filtrate was concentrated to remove half of the volume, 150mL of ethanol was added, stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, and filtered to obtain an off-white solid 60-3(16g, yield 69.8%).
Synthesis of compound 60: in a three-necked flask, 60-3(10g, 19.5mmol), 60-4(6.5g, 19.5mmol), Pd were added2(dba)3(0.1g,1%),t-Bu3P (1g, 10%), NaOBu-t (2.9g, 30mmol), then toluene (100mL) is added, nitrogen is replaced, the reaction solution is heated to reflux, the reaction is stirred for 2h, the reaction solution is cooled to 80 ℃, and the hot reaction solution passes through a silica gel column and is used by 100 mL. Concentrating the mother liquor to 60mL, adding 100mL of ethanol, stirring at room temperature for 2h, filtering, adding 40mL of toluene into the solid, refluxing to dissolve, adding 60mL of petroleum ether, stirring at room temperature for 2h, filtering, and spin-drying to obtain 10g of white solid with the yield of 67.1%.
Example 5
The heterocyclic compound 86 is synthesized in the synthesis example, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000122
synthesis of Compound 86-3: in a three-necked flask, starting materials 86-1(15g, 62.7mmol) and 86-2(11.4g, 31.4mmol), palladium acetate (0.15g, 1%), cesium carbonate (32g, 100mmol) were charged, and the solvents toluene 100mL, ethanol 10mL, and purified water 10mL were added. Vacuumizing, protecting with nitrogen and replacing 3 times. The reaction was placed in an oil bath at an external temperature of 100 ℃ and allowed to react for 4 hours. After cooling, the celite was filtered. The filtrate was spin-dried on a rotary evaporator to give a crude grey solid. Crude product was purified with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 2(10V), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered and washed with tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 2(150mL), slurried overnight at room temperature. The solid was filtered to give an off-white solid. The crude product was recrystallized from 100mL of toluene by heating. Filtration gave 11g of a white solid in 70.5% yield.
Synthesis of compound 86: in a three-necked flask, raw materials 86-3(10g, 20mmol) and 86-4(6g, 20mmol), palladium acetate (0.1g, 1%), cesium carbonate (13g, 40mmol) were charged, and solvents of toluene 100mL, ethanol 10mL and purified water 10mL were added. Vacuumizing, protecting with nitrogen and replacing 3 times. The reaction was placed in an oil bath at an external temperature of 100 ℃ and allowed to react for 4 hours. After cooling, the mixture was filtered through celite and the filtrate was spun dry on a rotary evaporator to give a crude grey solid. Crude product was purified with dichloromethane/ethanol ═ 1: 1(20V), slurried overnight at room temperature, the solid was filtered and concentrated in tetrahydrofuran/ethanol ═ 1: 3(100mL), slurried overnight at room temperature, the solid filtered to give an off-white solid and the crude product recrystallized by heating with 80mL of toluene. Filtration gave 10g of a white solid in 69.6% yield.
Example 6
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 100 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000131
synthesis of compound 100: in a three-necked flask, 100-1(15g, 44.8mmol), NaOBu-t (9g, 86mmol) and toluene (150mL) were added, the system was replaced with nitrogen, the reaction mixture was heated to 70 ℃ and Pd was added2(dba)3(0.15g, 1% w/w) and t-Bu3P (1.5g, 10% w/w), nitrogen substitution. 100-2(4.6g, 22.2mmol) was dissolved in 40mL of toluene and slowly added dropwise. After the addition, the system was heated to 110 ℃ and reacted for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was cooled to 50 ℃, silica gel was passed through the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was rinsed with 150mL of toluene, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated to remove half of the volume, and 100mL of ethanol was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. After filtration, compound 100 was obtained as a white solid (12g, yield 75.4%).
Example 7
In the synthesis example, heterocyclic compound 103 is synthesized, and the technical route is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133166080000132
compound (I)Synthesis of 103-3: in a three-necked flask, 103-2(15g, 71.4mmol) and NaOBu-t (14.8g, 142mmol) were added, toluene (100mL) was then added, the system was replaced with nitrogen, the reaction mixture was heated to 70 ℃ and Pd was added2(dba)3(0.15g, 1% w/w) and t-Bu3P (1.5g, 10% w/w), nitrogen substitution. 103-1(19.1g, 70mmol) was dissolved in 120mL of toluene and slowly added dropwise. After the addition, the system was heated to 110 ℃ and reacted for 3 hours. After the reaction, the reaction solution was cooled to 50 ℃, the reaction solution was passed through silica gel, rinsed with 200mL of toluene, the resulting filtrate was concentrated to remove half of the volume, 150mL of ethanol was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. After filtration, Compound 103-3 was obtained as a white solid (20g, yield 70.9%).
Synthesis of compound 103: in a three-necked flask, 103-3(15g, 37.2mmol), NaOBu-t (7.8g, 74.4mmol) and toluene (100mL) were added, the system was purged with nitrogen, the reaction mixture was heated to 70 ℃ and Pd was added2(dba)3(0.15g, 1% w/w) and t-Bu3P (1.5g, 10% w/w), nitrogen substitution. 103-4(13.4g, 40mmol) was dissolved in 100mL of toluene and slowly added dropwise. After the addition, the system was heated to 110 ℃ and reacted for 3 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was cooled to 50 ℃, silica gel was passed through the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was rinsed with 150mL of toluene, and the obtained filtrate was concentrated to remove half of the volume, and 150mL of ethanol was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. After filtration, compound 103 was obtained as a white solid (18g, yield 73.6%).
The invention also provides application of the heterocyclic compound in an organic electroluminescent device, and particularly provides the heterocyclic compound as a material of a covering layer in the organic electroluminescent device. The following device examples prepared organic electroluminescent devices comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and one or more organic material layers disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a capping layer disposed on the surfaces of the first and second electrodes opposite to the surface of the organic material layer, wherein the heterocyclic compound as a material of the capping layer may be prepared using a common method and material for preparing an organic electroluminescent device. When the organic electroluminescent device is manufactured, the heterocyclic compound may be formed as the capping layer using a solution coating method, which means spin coating, dip coating, ink-jet printing, screen printing, a spray method, roll coating, and the like, as well as a vacuum deposition method. The organic electroluminescent device may be of a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type, and the organic material layer thereof may be of a single layer structure, or may be of a multilayer structure in which two or more organic material layers are laminated, for example, may have a structure including a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like as the organic material layer. Device examples 1 to 19 preparation of single-color organic electroluminescent device structures using red, green or blue light, heterocyclic compounds 1, 4, 11, 21, 34, 41, 52, 68, 80, 88, 92, 98, 103, 107, 113, 25, 60, 86 and 100 were used as the capping layer materials, respectively.
Device example 1
The blue light organic electroluminescent device is manufactured according to the structure shown in figure 1, and the preparation process comprises the following steps: a transparent anode ITO film layer was formed on a glass substrate 101 to a film thickness of 150nm to obtain a first electrode 102 as an anode, and then vapor deposition was performed
Figure BDA0003133166080000141
And compounds
Figure BDA0003133166080000142
The mixed material of (2) as the hole injection layer 103 was mixed at a ratio of 3:97 (mass ratio), and then a compound having a thickness of 100nm was deposited by evaporation
Figure BDA0003133166080000143
A first hole transport layer 104 was obtained, and then a compound having a thickness of 20nm was evaporated
Figure BDA0003133166080000151
A second hole transport layer 105 was obtained and then evaporated at an evaporation rate of 95:5
Figure BDA0003133166080000152
And
Figure BDA0003133166080000153
30nm, fabricating a blue light emitting unit 106, and evaporating to deposit 10nm
Figure BDA0003133166080000154
Forming an electron blocking layer 107, and then
Figure BDA0003133166080000155
And
Figure BDA0003133166080000156
an electron transport layer 108 having a thickness of 30nm was formed at a mixing ratio of 4:6 (mass ratio), and then magnesium silver having a thickness of 15nm (mass ratio of 1: 9) was formed as a second electrode 109, and then a layer 110 was formed thereon by evaporating 60nm of the heterocyclic compound 1 prepared in synthesis example 1 as a capping layer material.
Device examples 2 to 19 blue organic electroluminescent devices were fabricated using the heterocyclic compounds 4, 11, 21, 34, 41, 52, 68, 80, 88, 92, 98, 103, 107, 113, 25, 60, 86, 100 prepared in synthesis examples, respectively, instead of the heterocyclic compound 1 used in device example 1, and comparative examples 1 to 4 were fabricated to use the heterocyclic compounds 4, 11, 21, 34, 41, 52, 68, 80, 88, 92, 98, 103, 107, 113, 25, 60, 86, 100 prepared in synthesis examples, respectively, to replace the heterocyclic compound 1 used in device example 1, respectively
Figure BDA0003133166080000157
Figure BDA0003133166080000158
A blue organic electroluminescent device was fabricated in place of the heterocyclic compound 1 used in device example 1, and the obtained organic electroluminescent device was subjected to performance tests of voltage, efficiency, and service life, as specifically shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003133166080000161
As can be seen from Table 1, the organic electroluminescent device obtained by using the anthryl/phenanthryl-containing heterocyclic compound of the present invention as a capping layer material has high luminous efficiency, low driving voltage and long service life.

Claims (10)

1. A heterocyclic compound having a structure as shown in chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2:
[ chemical formula 1]
Figure FDA0003133166070000011
[ chemical formula 2]
Figure FDA0003133166070000012
Wherein, in chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2,
X1is N;
X2to X6Are the same or different from each other, are each independently selected from C or N, and at least one is N;
ar is an aromatic ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring having 5 to 30 carbon atoms;
R1from- (L)1)m-A1Represents:
L1is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene;
m is an integer of 0 to 10, and when m is not less than 2, L1Are the same or different from each other;
A1is a substituted or unsubstituted amine group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group.
2. The heterocyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 is represented by any one of the following chemical structures:
Figure FDA0003133166070000013
3. the heterocyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2 is represented by a chemical structure of any one of chemical formulae 3 to 8:
[ chemical formula 3], [ chemical formula 4] and [ chemical formula 5] are, in order:
Figure FDA0003133166070000021
[ chemical formula 6], [ chemical formula 7], and [ chemical formula 8] are, in order:
Figure FDA0003133166070000022
in chemical formulas 3 to 8, X1To X6And R1Are the same as chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
4. The heterocyclic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein L is1Is a direct bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms; a. the1Is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamine group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms.
5. The heterocyclic compound according to claim 1, which is selected from any one of the following chemical structures numbered 1 to 115:
Figure FDA0003133166070000031
Figure FDA0003133166070000041
Figure FDA0003133166070000051
Figure FDA0003133166070000061
6. use of the heterocyclic compound of any of claims 1 to 5 in an organic electroluminescent device.
7. Use according to claim 6, wherein the heterocyclic compound is used as a capping layer material for the organic electroluminescent device.
8. An organic electroluminescent device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and one or more organic material layers disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
further comprising a covering layer provided on a surface of the first electrode and the second electrode opposite to the surface of the organic material layer, wherein the heterocyclic compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used as a material of the covering layer.
9. A display panel comprising the organic electroluminescent device according to claim 8.
10. A display device comprising the display panel of claim 9.
CN202110711690.1A 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Heterocyclic compounds and their use in organic electroluminescent devices Pending CN113444112A (en)

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