CN113443012A - Chassis hybrid driving mechanism of extra-heavy special vehicle - Google Patents

Chassis hybrid driving mechanism of extra-heavy special vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113443012A
CN113443012A CN202110736042.1A CN202110736042A CN113443012A CN 113443012 A CN113443012 A CN 113443012A CN 202110736042 A CN202110736042 A CN 202110736042A CN 113443012 A CN113443012 A CN 113443012A
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China
Prior art keywords
axles
gear
bridge
driving
drive
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Pending
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CN202110736042.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张辉
李洪彪
代东颖
肖琨
张斌
乔静丽
赵娟
张冉
柳春旺
魏振兴
赵志刚
宋生壮
王辉
刘培文
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Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology
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Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology
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Application filed by Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology filed Critical Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology
Priority to CN202110736042.1A priority Critical patent/CN113443012A/en
Publication of CN113443012A publication Critical patent/CN113443012A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/18—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

A very heavy special vehicle chassis hybrid drive mechanism, two, four, five, six axles on the chassis are mechanical drive axles, eight, nine axles are auxiliary drive axles, the others are non-drive axles; one to four axles, seven to ten axles are steering axles, and five-six axles are non-steering axles; a transfer case is arranged between the second axle and the fourth axle, the transfer case is connected with a gearbox arranged in front of the second axle through a main transmission shaft, and the gearbox is connected with an engine arranged in front of the first axle through a main transmission shaft; a generator set is arranged between the six bridge and the seven bridge, a motor controller is arranged above the eight bridge and the nine bridge, and a high-voltage storage battery pack is arranged above the right side of the seven bridge; eight and nine bridges are respectively provided with a driving motor, the driving motors are arranged on a main speed reducer, the left side and the right side of the main speed reducer are connected with wheel-side transmission shafts, the wheel-side transmission shafts are connected with wheel-side speed reducers, and the wheel-side speed reducers are connected with tires; and the auxiliary driving system controller is arranged in front of the bridge and used for sending instructions to the motor controller in a hybrid driving mode and a pure battery driving mode.

Description

Chassis hybrid driving mechanism of extra-heavy special vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hybrid drive mechanism of a chassis of an extra-heavy special vehicle, in particular to a hybrid drive mechanism which can be used for four mechanical drive axles and two auxiliary drive axles.
Background
In the technical field of special vehicle chassis, in particular to the field of special vehicle chassis of rocket transport vehicles, at present, only a drive form of a pure mechanical drive structure is available, and a hybrid drive structure is not available. However, in order to meet the requirement of high cleanliness of rocket storage space, the existing mechanical special vehicle chassis discharges a large amount of waste gas due to the work of an engine during transshipment, so that the space cleanliness cannot meet the requirement. Therefore, on the premise of meeting the basic bearing and transporting functions of the special vehicle chassis, a set of clean power system is required to be added, so that the special vehicle chassis still keeps a proper environment in a rocket storage factory. In addition, because of the length and weight requirements of the rocket, the total axle number of the vehicle is selected to be 10 axles in consideration of the axle load requirement, but is limited by the development limitation of the current domestic main speed reducer, the highest speed reducer in the market can only realize the span of three driving axles, so that the driving axles are limited to be only provided with six at most, and a supporting mechanism for supporting the rocket is arranged between the three-bridge and the four-bridge, the structure limits the position arrangement of the transfer case, if the support frame is arranged at the rear part of the support frame, holes need to be drilled on the support structure, and the strength of the support structure is weakened after the holes are drilled, the transfer case can only be arranged near the three axles, which results in a maximum of two drive axles in the front of the transfer case, the upper part of the gear box is a heat preservation mechanism of the rocket, so that the gear box is limited to be arranged downwards, resulting in a bridge that can no longer be placed as a drive bridge and thus in a less dynamic mechanical drive. Therefore, the newly added auxiliary driving system needs to be matched with the prime power system to drive together, and the requirement of the dynamic index of the whole vehicle is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at various use conditions of the special vehicle chassis, a hybrid driving mechanism is required to be adopted, so that the normal running of the vehicle can be met, and the use requirement under a special environment can be met.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a very heavy special vehicle chassis hybrid drive mechanism, set up ten bridges on the said special vehicle chassis, number sequentially from beginning to end direction from locomotive, wherein two, four, five, six bridges are mechanical drive axles, eight, nine bridges are auxiliary drive axles, the others are non-drive axles; one to four axles, seven to ten axles are steering axles, and five-six axles are non-steering axles;
a transfer case is arranged between the second axle and the fourth axle, the transfer case is connected with a gearbox arranged in front of the second axle through a main transmission shaft, and the gearbox is connected with an engine arranged in front of the first axle through a main transmission shaft;
a generator set is arranged between the six bridge and the seven bridge, a motor controller is arranged above the eight bridge and the nine bridge, a high-voltage storage battery pack is arranged above the right side of the seven bridge, and a radiator is arranged in front of the eight bridge and behind the nine bridge respectively;
eight and nine bridges are respectively provided with a driving motor, the driving motors are arranged on a main speed reducer, the left side and the right side of the main speed reducer are connected with wheel-side transmission shafts, the wheel-side transmission shafts are connected with wheel-side speed reducers, and the wheel-side speed reducers are connected with tires;
the auxiliary driving system controller is arranged in front of the bridge and used for sending instructions to the motor controller in a hybrid driving mode and a pure battery driving mode, and the motor controller drives driving motors on the eight and nine bridges so as to drive tires on the eight and nine bridges to roll;
in a mechanical driving mode, the engine drives the main transmission shaft to rotate, so that the tires on the mechanical drive axle rotate;
and the hybrid driving mode, the pure battery driving mode and the mechanical driving mode are manually switched.
Furthermore, the chassis of the special vehicle adopts a mechanical driving mode in daily running, adopts a hybrid driving mode under the limit working condition, and adopts a pure battery for driving when the silent running or mechanical driving system fails; the silent running is a running environment needing to control the heat of the vehicle body.
Further, the limit working condition comprises that the climbing gradient exceeds 15% or the vehicle speed is required to be increased to more than 70 km/h.
Furthermore, a pure battery driving mode is adopted in the rocket workshop traveling process.
Further, the control steps of the auxiliary driving system controller under the hybrid driving module are as follows:
acquiring the rotating speed of the transfer case, and further calculating the vehicle speed;
and sending a command to the motor controller by using the vehicle speed, and controlling the driving motors on the eight-nine axles by using the motor controller so as to enable the tires on the eight-nine axles to rotate according to the same vehicle speed.
Further, the speed ratio of the hub reduction gear is 5.6.
Furthermore, the main speed reducer adopts a two-gear speed reducer and comprises a gear shifting mechanism controller, a shell, and a gear set, an intermediate shaft, a gear shifting mechanism, an input shaft and an output shaft which are arranged in the shell;
the output shaft of driving motor connects the input shaft of two grades of reduction gears, and the parallel installation two different number of teeth gears on the input shaft mesh with the gear of two different number of teeth that pass through the bearing parallel installation on the jackshaft respectively, installs shift fork gearshift between two gears, and through the gear shift mechanism controller control gearshift drive shift fork removal of shifting, and then realize the gear locking of jackshaft and different drive ratios, realize the switching of different velocity ratios, on the jackshaft link firmly another gear with the gear engagement that links firmly on the output shaft realizes the output of power.
Furthermore, two different speed ratios of the two-gear speed reducer are 1.8 and 4.7, so that the dynamic requirements of the arrow body under different transportation working conditions, particularly under the working conditions of needing large torque, such as off-road pavement, urgent road construction and the like, are met.
Furthermore, the two-gear speed reducer is connected with the frame through the three suspension blocks, and the resonance effect of the frame structural member is analyzed through the combination of vibration frequency data given by a motor manufacturer, so that the vibration frequency of the main vibration effect is isolated by the suspension blocks with the selected proper vibration isolation rate, and a better vibration reduction effect is realized.
Furthermore, according to the structural requirement of the selected suspension block and the spatial position requirement of the frame and the two-gear speed reducer, the shell structure of the two-gear speed reducer is reasonably designed to achieve the convenience in installation of the suspension block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the auxiliary driving system is added, so that the use requirement of the special vehicle chassis under the special working condition of the rocket workshop can be met;
2) the dynamic property of mechanical drive is properly reduced, so that a rocket supporting structure is structurally avoided, and the transportation function of the rocket is realized;
3) the mechanical drive and the auxiliary drive are matched to improve the highest speed and the maximum climbing capacity of the special vehicle chassis so as to improve the fighting performance of the special vehicle;
4) the auxiliary driving system can continue to run in a low speed state when the traditional mechanical driving mode fails, and the survival capacity of the special vehicle is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout view of a special vehicle chassis;
FIG. 2 is a mechanical drive system;
FIG. 3 is a mechanical drive axle;
FIG. 4 is an auxiliary drive system;
FIG. 5 is an auxiliary drive axle;
FIG. 6 is a two-speed auxiliary drive configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-speed reducer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the sub-figures 1-6 and the examples.
The special vehicle chassis comprises a mechanical drive chassis, an auxiliary drive system and the like, and is shown in figure 1.
The mechanical driving chassis mainly comprises a power system (an engine 1 and an auxiliary system), a mechanical transmission system (mainly comprising a gearbox 2, a transfer case 6, an auxiliary system, an axle and a main transmission shaft 3), a running system (comprising a suspension system, a wheel assembly and a frame assembly 7), a steering system, a braking system, a cab assembly 8, an electric system and the like. The engine generates power required by the whole vehicle, and the power is transmitted to the transfer case through the gearbox, then transmitted to the central speed reducer and the wheel-side speed reducer and finally transmitted to the wheel assembly to drive the vehicle to move forwards or backwards. The mechanical drive chassis is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The auxiliary driving system 4 mainly comprises a power system (comprising a generator set and a high-voltage storage battery pack) and a transmission system (comprising a driving motor, a controller, a two-gear speed reducer assembly, a wheel-side half shaft and a wheel-side speed reducer). The auxiliary driving system is stored in a high-voltage storage battery pack after electric energy is generated by a generator set, the high-voltage storage battery pack drives a driving motor on an auxiliary driving axle through a high-voltage cable, and then drives a two-gear speed reducer assembly, a wheel-side speed reducer and a wheel assembly to complete power transmission. The auxiliary drive system is shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6.
In a hybrid driving state, the auxiliary driving controller judges the rotating speed and the power requirement required to be output by the driving motor by acquiring the opening degree signal of the accelerator pedal and the rotating speed signal of the vehicle, and controls the motor controller to enable the motor to output according to the calculated rotating speed and power, so that the mechanical driving and the auxiliary driving can be perfectly coordinated.
The mechanical power transmission system mainly comprises a power system and a transmission system. The power system mainly comprises: engines, engine transmission cooling systems, fuel systems, air intake systems, exhaust systems, and the like; the transmission system mainly comprises: the transmission case comprises a transmission case, a transmission shaft, a transfer case, an auxiliary system, a central main reducer, a hub reducer, a wheel assembly and the like. The power system is used as a power source of the special vehicle chassis to provide kinetic energy for running, braking, steering, suspension adjustment and the like of the vehicle. The transmission system is mainly used for transmitting a power source generated by an engine to a running system to drive the vehicle to move forward or backward. Firstly, the power requirement of a power system is determined according to the weight parameter of the whole vehicle and the dynamic requirement given by a user, the power system performs dynamic matching on different using working conditions of the vehicle by adopting a dynamic simulation program after the power system is determined, the models of all single machines and parts of a transmission system are selected, and finally, two, four, five and six bridges are determined to be mechanical drive bridges according to the space structure condition of the whole vehicle.
The auxiliary driving system mainly comprises a power system and a transmission system. The power system mainly comprises: a generator set and a high-voltage battery pack; the transmission system mainly comprises: a driving motor, a controller, a two-gear speed reducer assembly, a wheel-side half shaft, a wheel-side speed reducer and the like. The power system of auxiliary drive is composed of the generator set and the high-voltage storage battery set, the system can provide power for the upper part and also can provide power for the auxiliary drive of the special vehicle chassis, and the auxiliary drive adopts a shaft drive mode. Considering the use condition and the structural arrangement characteristics of the auxiliary driving system, through comparative analysis, it is determined that a driving motor is respectively arranged on eight and nine axles of a special vehicle chassis, the driving motor is arranged on a main speed reducer, the motor directly drives a two-gear speed reducer assembly, and then the two-gear speed reducer assembly drives a wheel-side speed reducer, so that a tire is driven to roll.
After the mechanical driving system and the auxiliary driving system are subjected to dynamic matching, the vehicle can be set with three driving modes in total: the system comprises a mechanical drive (an engine is driven independently), a hybrid drive (the engine + a generator set + a high-voltage storage battery pack are driven), and a pure battery drive, wherein three drive modes need to be switched manually; the chassis of the special vehicle is driven by a mechanical driving mode in daily running, a hybrid driving mode is adopted under the limit working conditions (such as climbing or needing to improve the vehicle speed, for example, the climbing gradient exceeds 15 percent or the vehicle speed needs to be improved to more than 70 km/h), and a pure battery is adopted for driving when a silent running or mechanical driving system breaks down; the hybrid driving mode is that the mechanical driving, the high-voltage storage battery pack and the diesel generator set act simultaneously, and the hybrid driving mode can be suitable for all running conditions of the whole vehicle.
Based on the introduction and the combination of the special driving environment of the extra-heavy special vehicle and the particularity and the launching form of the missile loaded on the vehicle, ten bridges are arranged on a chassis of the special vehicle and are sequentially numbered from the vehicle head to the vehicle tail, wherein the two, four, five and six bridges are mechanical drive bridges 5, the eight and nine bridges are auxiliary drive bridges 13, and the rest are non-drive bridges; one to four axles, seven to ten axles are steering axles, and five-six axles are non-steering axles; a transfer case 6 is arranged between the second axle and the fourth axle, the transfer case 6 is connected with a gearbox 2 arranged in front of the second axle through a main transmission shaft 3, and the gearbox 2 is connected with an engine 1 arranged in front of the first axle through the main transmission shaft 3; a generator set 12 is arranged between the six bridge and the seven bridge, a motor controller is arranged above the eight bridge and the nine bridge, a high-voltage storage battery pack is arranged above the right side of the seven bridge, and a radiator is arranged in front of the eight bridge and behind the nine bridge respectively; eight and nine bridges are respectively provided with a driving motor 17, the driving motors are arranged on a main speed reducer 9, the left side and the right side of the main speed reducer are connected with wheel-side transmission shafts 10, the wheel-side transmission shafts are connected with wheel-side speed reducers 11, the wheel-side speed reducers are connected with tires, and the speed ratio of the wheel-side speed reducers is 5.6; the auxiliary driving system controller is arranged in front of the bridge and used for sending instructions to the motor controller in a hybrid driving mode and a pure battery driving mode, and the motor controller drives driving motors on the eight and nine bridges so as to drive tires on the eight and nine bridges to roll; in a mechanical driving mode, the engine drives the main transmission shaft to rotate, so that the tires on the mechanical drive axle rotate; and the hybrid driving mode, the pure battery driving mode and the mechanical driving mode are manually switched.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main reducer is a two-gear reducer 18, as shown in fig. 7, which includes a gear shift controller, a housing, and a gear set, an intermediate shaft, a gear shift mechanism, an input shaft, and an output shaft mounted in the housing; the output shaft of driving motor connects the input shaft 19 of two grades of reduction gears, the parallel installation two gears 20, 21 of different number of teeth on the input shaft, respectively with the jackshaft on through the parallel installation two gears 23, 24 of different number of teeth of bearing mesh mutually, installation shift fork gearshift 25 between two gears, shift the shift fork through the drive of gearshift controller control gear shift and remove, and then realize the gear locking of jackshaft and different drive ratios, realize the switching of different speed ratios, on the jackshaft link firmly another gear with the meshing of the gear 27 that links firmly on the output shaft 26, realize the output of power. Two different speed ratios of the two-gear speed reducer are 1.8 and 4.7, and the two-gear speed reducer is used for meeting the dynamic requirements of the rocket body under different transportation working conditions, particularly under the working condition requiring large torque. The two-gear speed reducer is connected with the frame through the three suspension blocks, and the resonance effect of the frame structural member is analyzed through the combination of vibration frequency data given by a motor manufacturer, so that the vibration frequency of the main vibration effect is isolated by the suspension blocks with the selected proper vibration isolation rate, and a better vibration reduction effect is realized.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
The invention has not been described in detail in part in the common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a very heavy special vehicle chassis hybrid drive mechanism which characterized in that: ten bridges are arranged on the special vehicle chassis and are numbered from the head to the tail in sequence, wherein the second, fourth, fifth and sixth bridges are mechanical drive bridges, the eighth and ninth bridges are auxiliary drive bridges, and the rest are non-drive bridges; one to four axles, seven to ten axles are steering axles, and five-six axles are non-steering axles;
a transfer case is arranged between the second axle and the fourth axle, the transfer case is connected with a gearbox arranged in front of the second axle through a main transmission shaft, and the gearbox is connected with an engine arranged in front of the first axle through a main transmission shaft;
a generator set is arranged between the six bridge and the seven bridge, a motor controller is arranged above the eight bridge and the nine bridge, a high-voltage storage battery pack is arranged above the right side of the seven bridge, and a radiator is arranged in front of the eight bridge and behind the nine bridge respectively;
eight and nine bridges are respectively provided with a driving motor, the driving motors are arranged on a main speed reducer, the left side and the right side of the main speed reducer are connected with wheel-side transmission shafts, the wheel-side transmission shafts are connected with wheel-side speed reducers, and the wheel-side speed reducers are connected with tires;
the auxiliary driving system controller is arranged in front of the bridge and used for sending instructions to the motor controller in a hybrid driving mode and a pure battery driving mode, and the motor controller drives driving motors on the eight and nine bridges so as to drive tires on the eight and nine bridges to roll;
in a mechanical driving mode, the engine drives the main transmission shaft to rotate, so that the tires on the mechanical drive axle rotate;
and the hybrid driving mode, the pure battery driving mode and the mechanical driving mode are manually switched.
2. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the chassis of the special vehicle adopts a mechanical driving mode in daily running, adopts a hybrid driving mode under the limit working condition, and adopts a pure battery for driving when silent running or a mechanical driving system fails; the silent running is a running environment needing to control the heat of the vehicle body.
3. The mechanism of claim 2, wherein: the limit working condition comprises that the climbing gradient exceeds 15 percent or the vehicle speed is required to be increased to more than 70 km/h.
4. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein: and a pure battery driving mode is adopted in the running process of the rocket workshop.
5. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the control steps of the auxiliary driving system controller under the hybrid driving module are as follows:
acquiring the rotating speed of the transfer case, and further calculating the vehicle speed;
and sending a command to the motor controller by using the vehicle speed, and controlling the driving motors on the eight-nine axles by using the motor controller so as to enable the tires on the eight-nine axles to rotate according to the same vehicle speed.
6. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the speed ratio of the hub reduction gear is 5.6.
7. The mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the main speed reducer adopts a two-gear speed reducer and comprises a gear shifting mechanism controller, a shell, and a gear set, an intermediate shaft, a gear shifting mechanism, an input shaft and an output shaft which are arranged in the shell;
the output shaft of driving motor connects the input shaft of two grades of reduction gears, and the parallel installation two different number of teeth gears on the input shaft mesh with the gear of two different number of teeth that pass through the bearing parallel installation on the jackshaft respectively, installs shift fork gearshift between two gears, and through the gear shift mechanism controller control gearshift drive shift fork removal of shifting, and then realize the gear locking of jackshaft and different drive ratios, realize the switching of different velocity ratios, on the jackshaft link firmly another gear with the gear engagement that links firmly on the output shaft realizes the output of power.
8. The mechanism of claim 7, wherein: two different speed ratios of the two-gear speed reducer are 1.8 and 4.7, and the two-gear speed reducer is used for meeting the dynamic requirements of the rocket body under different transportation working conditions, particularly under the working condition requiring large torque.
9. The mechanism of claim 7, wherein: the two-gear speed reducer is connected with the frame through the three suspension blocks, and the resonance effect of the frame structural member is analyzed through the combination of vibration frequency data given by a motor manufacturer, so that the vibration frequency of the main vibration effect is isolated by the suspension blocks with the selected proper vibration isolation rate, and a better vibration reduction effect is realized.
10. The mechanism of claim 7, wherein: according to the structural requirement of the selected suspension block and the spatial position requirements of the frame and the two-gear speed reducer, the shell structure of the two-gear speed reducer is designed to achieve the convenience in installation of the suspension block.
CN202110736042.1A 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Chassis hybrid driving mechanism of extra-heavy special vehicle Pending CN113443012A (en)

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