CN113440886A - High-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device and recovery method - Google Patents
High-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device and recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
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- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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Abstract
A high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device comprises a buffer tank, a compressor unit and a heat exchange mechanism, wherein the inlet end of the buffer tank is communicated with an external VOCs gas collecting pipeline, the inlet end of the compressor unit is communicated with the outlet end of the buffer tank through a gas filter, the outlet end of the compressor unit is communicated with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-phase outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a liquid remover; the heat exchange mechanism comprises a pre-heat exchanger and four-stage heat exchangers sequentially connected in series, a hot inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet end of a liquid remover, a hot outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with a hot inlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger, a hot outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger is communicated with a cold inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, and a cold inlet end and a cold outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger are respectively communicated with low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions. The device security is high, environmental protection and energy saving, can stabilize the processing up to standard to VOCs gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of VOCs gas recovery, in particular to a high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device and a recovery method of the high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device.
Background
Along with the increase of the national improvement of environmental protection, various standard standards are improved, especially after GB 31570/1/2-2015 is officially released and executed, domestic treatment standards for VOCs gas are from gram level to milligram level, and numerous atmospheric treatment enterprises in the industry perform deep optimization on the original process design flow and perform various project practices.
Practical feedback from several years proves that the treatment effect of the current process treatment flow on the VOCs industry is not enough, the treatment effect stably reaches the national standard for a few cases, a plurality of problems exist in process equipment, such as the problems of small-sized motor trucks, frequent faults, high energy consumption, high potential safety hazard and the like, and the concentration requirement on tail gas emission is increasingly strict along with the establishment of environmental protection regulations in each central enterprise along with the coming of standards of all places.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device which is high in safety, environment-friendly and energy-saving and can stably reach the standard in VOCs gas treatment.
The invention also provides a recovery method of the high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. The invention relates to a high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device, which comprises a buffer tank for containing VOCs gas, a compressor unit for boosting the VOCs gas and a heat exchange mechanism for cooling the VOCs gas after pressurization and temperature rise, wherein the inlet end of the buffer tank is communicated with an external VOCs gas collecting pipeline, the inlet end of the compressor unit is communicated with the outlet end of the buffer tank through a gas filter, the outlet end of the compressor unit is communicated with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-phase outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a liquid remover;
the heat exchange mechanism comprises a pre-heat exchanger and four-stage heat exchangers sequentially connected in series, wherein a hot inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet end of a liquid remover, a hot outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with a hot inlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger, a hot outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger is communicated with a cold inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, a cold outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is set to be a VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) gas output end, and the cold inlet end and the cold outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger are respectively communicated with low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device, the VOCs gas output end is also communicated with an adsorption unit, the outlet end of the adsorption unit is communicated with an exhaust funnel, the concentrated tail gas output end of the adsorption unit is communicated with the inlet end of a compressor unit through a backflow pipeline, and the backflow pipeline is also provided with a backflow vacuum pump.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device, at least 2 adsorption units are arranged, and the adsorption units are all arranged in parallel.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by adopting the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure deep-cooling combined VOCs gas recovery device, the four-stage heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger, the heat inlet end of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the heat outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, the heat outlet end of the second heat exchanger is communicated with the heat inlet end of the third heat exchanger, the heat outlet end of the third heat exchanger is communicated with the heat inlet end of the fourth heat exchanger, and the heat outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger is communicated with the cold inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure deep-cooling combined VOCs gas recovery device, the four-stage heat exchanger further comprises a first standby heat exchanger and a second standby heat exchanger, the heat inlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with the heat outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, the heat outlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with the heat inlet end of the second standby heat exchanger, the heat outlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with the heat inlet end of the third heat exchanger, and the cold inlet ends and the cold outlet ends of the first standby heat exchanger and the second standby heat exchanger are respectively communicated with low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device, the liquid remover is a molecular sieve liquid remover, and the compressor unit is a screw compressor unit.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that the high-pressure deep-cooling combined VOCs gas recovery device also comprises a recovery liquid tank, and the recovery liquid tank is communicated with condensate outlet ends of the compressor unit, the pre-heat exchanger and the four-stage heat exchanger.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme, and the high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device comprises the following steps:
(1) the VOCs mixed gas enters a buffer tank for temporary storage after being collected by a pipeline;
(2) the buffer tank inputs the mixed gas into a gas filter, the mixed gas is sent into a compressor unit for boosting after micro-particle impurities are filtered by the gas filter, the mixed gas after being boosted to 2-15 bar enters a gas-liquid separator, and the mixed gas is sent into a liquid remover for further removing a water phase part in the mixed gas after condensed water in the mixed gas is removed by the gas-liquid separator;
(3) the gas phase part of the mixed gas treated by the liquid remover is sent to a pre-heat exchanger and a four-stage heat exchanger for primary pre-cooling and four-stage cryogenic treatment, and the condensate generated by liquefaction enters a recovery liquid tank for storage;
(4) if the residual gas reaches the emission standard, sending the residual gas into an exhaust funnel to be discharged after reaching the standard;
if the residual gas does not reach the discharge standard, the residual gas is sent to an adsorption unit, and the residual gas is discharged by an exhaust funnel after adsorption treatment.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that in the step (2), the pressure of the mixed gas after being subjected to pressure boosting treatment by the compressor unit is 8-14 bar.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further realized by the following technical scheme that for the high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery method, the low-temperature tail gas obtained by cryogenic treatment of the four-stage heat exchanger is used as a cold source for the pre-heat exchanger, the temperature for performing cooling pretreatment on the incoming gas is 0-15 ℃, the temperature of the gas obtained by heat exchange of the first heat exchanger is-20-40 ℃, the temperature of the gas obtained by heat exchange of the second heat exchanger is-60-75 ℃, the temperature of the gas obtained by heat exchange of the third heat exchanger is-85-100 ℃, and the temperature of the gas obtained by heat exchange of the fourth heat exchanger is-110-140 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the compressor unit adopts a screw compression process, is advanced and environment-friendly, and can directly increase the operating pressure of the device system to 15 bar;
2. the heat exchange mechanism adopts a single-stage self-cascade refrigeration mode, the temperature of the system can be as low as-130 ℃, and the emission standard meeting the more rigorous gas coming conditions is met;
3. the whole device is safe and explosion-proof, and a mode of increasing the oil gas concentration to the upper limit of the explosion limit is adopted to avoid a dangerous concentration area;
4. the highest temperature in the device can be controlled to be within 80 ℃, the whole device is in a low-temperature operation working condition, no high temperature or open fire exists, and the safe operation requirement is met;
5. the exhaust emission index is good, and after high-pressure low-temperature treatment, the exhaust emission concentration is lower than the national emission standard by 120mg/m3The lowest controllable value is 60mg/m3The strictest landmark requirements in China are met;
6. the device adopts a small amount of adsorption units as alternatives, so that a large amount of solid waste is avoided;
7. a large amount of oil products are not needed to be circularly sprayed, so that secondary artificial volatilization loss of VOCs is generated;
8. the process adopts a pure physical mode, the gas-liquid phase change conversion is safe and reliable, and high-temperature exothermic reaction does not exist.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device adopts a high-pressure cryogenic combined process, and is suitable for volatile VOCs gas components generated in the processing and manufacturing processes, storage and transportation processes of petrochemical industry and other industrial products containing VOCs components, and recovery or standard discharge treatment of equipment and pipeline component VOCs leaked gas and open liquid level VOCs unorganized collection discharge gas;
the process collection gas requires good hermetic transport and is carried out according to the GB37822-2019 standard. Before the gas enters the compression unit, the process design requirements are met, and necessary pretreatment measures are adopted, such as: cooling technology, dust removal technology, buffering dehumidification technology etc. ensure that the mist that compression unit accomodate accords with the process design requirement, and specific flow is:
collected VOCs gas → pretreatment process → compression unit (including internal temperature reduction and heat exchange) → gas-liquid separator → pre-heat exchanger 5 → first heat exchanger 6 → second heat exchanger 7 → third heat exchanger 8 → fourth heat exchanger 9 → tail gas is discharged after reaching standards;
1. closed collection and pretreatment
Carrying out effective closed collection according to the standards of volatile organic compound unorganized emission control standard GB 37822-2019; for incoming gas with high dust content, dust removal treatment is required, and filter type dust removal is recommended. If the incoming gas is high in temperature, high in pressure and high in humidity, electrostatic dust removal is recommended;
if the temperature of the incoming air is higher, cooling treatment is required; conventionally, a spray cooling mode is adopted, and demisted tail gas enters a subsequent compression unit after being cooled;
2. brief description of the construction
The device comprises a buffer tank 1 for containing VOCs gas, a compressor set 2 for boosting the VOCs gas and a heat exchange mechanism for cooling the pressurized and heated VOCs gas, wherein the inlet end of the buffer tank 1 is communicated with an external VOCs gas collecting pipeline, the inlet end of the compressor set 2 is communicated with the outlet end of the buffer tank 1 through a gas filter 3, the outlet end of the compressor set 2 is communicated with a gas-liquid separator, the liquid phase outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a storage tank, and the gas phase outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a molecular sieve liquid remover 4 so as to remove a water phase which is difficult to remove in the system;
the heat exchange mechanism comprises a pre-heat exchanger 5 and a four-stage heat exchanger, an outlet of a molecular sieve liquid remover 4 is connected with a high-temperature gas phase inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger 5, the cold side of the pre-heat exchanger 5 is gas cooled by the four-stage heat exchanger, the pressurized VOCs gas is pre-cooled through the pre-heat exchanger 5 and is communicated with a hot fluid inlet end of a first heat exchanger 6, a hot fluid outlet end of the first heat exchanger 6 is communicated with a subsequent second heat exchanger 7, a third heat exchanger 8 and a fourth heat exchanger 9, and the cold side of the four-stage heat exchanger adopts low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions;
the compressor unit 2 adopts a screw compressor, the internal fluid adopts a liquid spraying cooling mode, the compressor unit 2 provides a high-pressure operation environment of the whole system, the heat generated by high compression ratio is taken out of the system by adopting a circulating liquid in the system, the circulating liquid adopts a system self-carrying spraying air-cooling composite cooling scheme, the pressure of mixed tail gas is increased to 2-15 bar after passing through the compression unit, and the pressure of the system is controlled by an outlet regulating valve;
3. condensation treatment
The device provides sufficient cold energy required for cooling VOCs gas, and adopts a primary precooling and four-stage copious cooling mode, wherein the condensation temperature range is from-60 ℃ to-150 ℃;
the primary precooling set temperature is near 0 ℃, and the low-temperature tail gas obtained after four-stage copious cooling is used as a cold source to carry out cooling pretreatment on the incoming gas;
the set temperatures of the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 are respectively in the range of-40 ℃ and-75 ℃, and the double-channel configuration is considered, a first standby heat exchanger 10 and a second standby heat exchanger 11 are arranged at the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 in parallel for standby use and are used for switching when the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 are frosted, and the channel switching is based on the operation accumulated time or the pressure loss value of a heat exchanger channel;
the set temperatures of the third heat exchanger 8 and the fourth heat exchanger 9 are respectively in the ranges of-100 ℃ and-130 ℃, a self-cascade condensation mode is adopted, and the cold quantity ranges of all levels can be adjusted on line;
each level of heat exchanger is provided with a pressure and temperature field instrument and a necessary sampling port, and important running state parameters are monitored at any time and stored in a PLC;
the generated condensed recovery liquid is temporarily stored in a recovery liquid tank 15, oil products can be conveyed to a user-specified area through an external oil conveying pump, and a small amount of oil products flow back to an inlet pipe section to form (nearly) saturated oil gas concentration;
4. adsorption unit 12 (optional)
As an effective supplement of the whole process system, the adsorption unit 12 can be configured as an optional item, the whole compression and condensation system is maintained under the conditions of higher pressure and lower temperature, the fault-tolerant range of the whole system is expanded by additionally arranging the adsorption unit 12 at the tail section, from the theoretical calculation angle, the pure high-pressure condensation meets the project design requirements, and the content of the part serves as an optional flow reference;
the adsorption unit 12 is provided with two carbon adsorption tanks, one is used and the other is prepared, the carbon adsorption tanks alternately run, gas adsorbed and treated by the adsorption unit 12 is discharged outside through an exhaust funnel 13, desorption regeneration gas adopts a vacuum desorption mode of a vacuum pump 15, and desorbed concentrated tail gas flows back to an inlet pipeline of the compressor unit 2 through a backflow pipeline 14.
The invention adopts a high-pressure low-temperature condensation mode to treat VOCs gas, can directly reach the most strict domestic discharge standard, and is characterized in that:
1. the compressor unit adopts a screw compression process, is advanced and environment-friendly, and can directly increase the pressure of the device to 15 bar;
2. the heat exchange mechanism adopts a single-stage self-cascade refrigeration mode, the temperature of the system can be as low as-130 ℃, and the emission standard meeting the more rigorous gas coming conditions is met;
3. the whole device is safe and explosion-proof, and a mode of increasing the oil gas concentration to the upper limit of the explosion limit is adopted to avoid a dangerous concentration area;
4. the highest temperature in the device can be controlled to be within 80 ℃, the whole device is in a low-temperature operation working condition, no high temperature or open fire exists, and the safe operation requirement is met;
5. the exhaust emission index is good, and after high-pressure low-temperature treatment, the exhaust emission concentration is lower than the national emission standard by 120mg/m3The lowest controllable value is 60mg/m3The strictest landmark requirements in China are met;
6. the device adopts a small amount of adsorption units as alternatives, so that a large amount of solid waste is avoided;
7. a large amount of oil products are not needed to be circularly sprayed, so that secondary artificial volatilization loss of VOCs is generated;
8. the process adopts a pure physical mode, the gas-liquid phase change conversion is safe and reliable, and high-temperature exothermic reaction does not exist.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gaseous recovery unit of high pressure cryrogenic combination formula VOCs which characterized in that: the device comprises a buffer tank for containing VOCs gas, a compressor set for boosting the VOCs gas and a heat exchange mechanism for cooling the VOCs gas after pressurization and temperature rise, wherein the inlet end of the buffer tank is communicated with an external VOCs gas collecting pipeline, the inlet end of the compressor set is communicated with the outlet end of the buffer tank through a gas filter, the outlet end of the compressor set is communicated with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-phase outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a liquid remover;
the heat exchange mechanism comprises a pre-heat exchanger and four-stage heat exchangers sequentially connected in series, wherein a hot inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with an outlet end of a liquid remover, a hot outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with a hot inlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger, a hot outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger is communicated with a cold inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, a cold outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger is set to be a VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) gas output end, and the cold inlet end and the cold outlet end of the four-stage heat exchanger are respectively communicated with low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions.
2. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the VOCs gas output end is also communicated with an adsorption unit, the outlet end of the adsorption unit is communicated with an exhaust funnel, the concentrated tail gas output end of the adsorption unit is communicated with the inlet end of a compressor unit through a backflow pipeline, and a backflow vacuum pump is further installed on the backflow pipeline.
3. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adsorption unit is provided with 2 at least and the adsorption unit all connects in parallel and sets up.
4. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the four-stage heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger, wherein a heat inlet end of the first heat exchanger is communicated with a heat outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, a heat outlet end of the second heat exchanger is communicated with a heat inlet end of the third heat exchanger, a heat outlet end of the third heat exchanger is communicated with a heat inlet end of the fourth heat exchanger, and a heat outlet end of the fourth heat exchanger is communicated with a cold inlet end of the pre-heat exchanger.
5. The high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the four-stage heat exchanger further comprises a first standby heat exchanger and a second standby heat exchanger, a heat inlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with a heat outlet end of the pre-heat exchanger, a heat outlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with a heat inlet end of the second standby heat exchanger, a heat outlet end of the first standby heat exchanger is communicated with a heat inlet end of the third heat exchanger, and cold inlet ends and cold outlet ends of the first standby heat exchanger and the second standby heat exchanger are respectively communicated with low-temperature refrigerants under different design temperature conditions.
6. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid remover is a molecular sieve liquid remover, and the compressor unit is a screw compressor unit.
7. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a recovery liquid tank, wherein the recovery liquid tank is communicated with the condensate outlet ends of the compressor unit, the pre-heat exchanger and the four-stage heat exchanger.
8. A high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method uses the high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery device of any one of claims 1-7, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the VOCs mixed gas enters a buffer tank for temporary storage after being collected by a pipeline;
(2) the buffer tank inputs the mixed gas into a gas filter, the mixed gas is sent into a compressor unit for boosting after micro-particle impurities are filtered by the gas filter, the mixed gas after being boosted to 2-15 bar enters a gas-liquid separator, and the mixed gas is sent into a liquid remover for further removing a water phase part in the mixed gas after condensed water in the mixed gas is removed by the gas-liquid separator;
(3) the gas phase part of the mixed gas treated by the liquid remover is sent to a pre-heat exchanger and a four-stage heat exchanger for primary pre-cooling and four-stage cryogenic treatment, and the condensate generated by liquefaction enters a recovery liquid tank for storage;
(4) if the residual gas reaches the emission standard, sending the residual gas into an exhaust funnel to be discharged after reaching the standard;
if the residual gas does not reach the discharge standard, the residual gas is sent to an adsorption unit, and the residual gas is discharged by an exhaust funnel after adsorption treatment.
9. The high-pressure cryogenic combined VOCs gas recovery method of claim 8, characterized in that: in the step (2), the pressure of the mixed gas after being boosted by the compressor unit is 8-14 bar.
10. The high-pressure cryogenic combined type VOCs gas recovery method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: the low-temperature tail gas obtained after deep cooling of the four-stage heat exchanger is used as a cold source for the pre-heat exchanger, the temperature of the incoming gas subjected to cooling pretreatment is 0-15 ℃, the temperature of the gas subjected to heat exchange of the first heat exchanger is-20-40 ℃, the temperature of the gas subjected to heat exchange of the second heat exchanger is-60-75 ℃, the temperature of the gas subjected to heat exchange of the third heat exchanger is-85-100 ℃, and the temperature of the gas subjected to heat exchange of the fourth heat exchanger is-110-140 ℃.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115193086A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-10-18 | 山东蓝湾新材料有限公司 | Methane chloride separation and recovery system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115193086A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-10-18 | 山东蓝湾新材料有限公司 | Methane chloride separation and recovery system and method |
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