CN113439821A - Device and method for monitoring soybean soaking process by frequency sweep ultrasonic coupling temperature control - Google Patents

Device and method for monitoring soybean soaking process by frequency sweep ultrasonic coupling temperature control Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113439821A
CN113439821A CN202110716660.XA CN202110716660A CN113439821A CN 113439821 A CN113439821 A CN 113439821A CN 202110716660 A CN202110716660 A CN 202110716660A CN 113439821 A CN113439821 A CN 113439821A
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ultrasonic
temperature control
temperature
frequency
monitoring
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张磊
王雪
胡洋
周存山
夏艾明
李群
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L11/00Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23PSHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P30/00Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02Analysing fluids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/02Analysing fluids
    • G01N29/032Analysing fluids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/024Mixtures
    • G01N2291/02416Solids in liquids

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring a soybean soaking process by frequency sweeping ultrasonic coupling temperature control, and belongs to the technical field of ultrasound. The device comprises a temperature control system, a temperature control system and a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system consists of a constant-temperature water bath device; the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system consists of a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer; the ultrasonic signal monitoring system consists of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod and an oscilloscope; the temperature control system and the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system jointly act on the soybean soaking process and control the soaking temperature, and the ultrasonic signal monitoring system monitors the sound pressure signal emitted by the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system in the soybean soaking process. Compared with the traditional normal temperature soaking, the invention has the characteristics of simple equipment, easy operation, time saving and contribution to industrial application.

Description

Device and method for monitoring soybean soaking process by frequency sweep ultrasonic coupling temperature control
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring a soybean soaking process by frequency sweeping ultrasonic coupling temperature control, belonging to the technical field of ultrasound.
Background
Tofu is the most common bean product, rich in nutrition, and widely popular in Asian countries. The bean curd production process mainly comprises soybean soaking, soybean milk making, soybean milk boiling, and coagulation forming. The soybean soaking step determines the quality of the subsequent soybean milk and even bean curd. The traditional soybean soaking mode is to soak soybeans at the room temperature of 25 ℃ for about 10 hours, and is obviously influenced by the soaking environment, and the lower the air temperature is, the longer the required soaking time is. Therefore, the method has the defects of long soaking time, uncontrollable soaking temperature and the like, is not beneficial to industrial continuous production and wastes energy.
The ultrasonic technology belongs to a new green technology, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, environmental friendliness and the like, so that the ultrasonic technology attracts wide attention in the food processing industry. A large amount of cavitation bubbles can be generated in the ultrasonic process, grow in a negative pressure area and shrink and collapse in a positive pressure area, and high cavitation strength is induced instantly. Compared with the fixed frequency ultrasonic technology, the sweep frequency ultrasonic technology has a large frequency coverage range, so that more types of objects can be processed, and the processing application and processing field is wider. The polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric film is soft in texture, close to the acoustic impedance of water, good in stability and high in sensitivity, and the prepared PVDF piezoelectric film sensor can be used for measuring noise sound pressure signals accompanying cavitation pulsation, so that the degree of ultrasonic processing is reflected, and the soybean soaking process can be conveniently monitored on line in real time. In addition, in the process of the sweeping ultrasonic action, the soaking temperature of the soybeans can be increased due to the existence of a thermal effect, an external heating source is not needed, the soaking process can be accelerated, the soaking time is shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the method has a wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for monitoring the soybean soaking process by coupling sweep frequency ultrasound with temperature control, which assist and monitor the whole soybean soaking process.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a device for monitoring the soybean soaking process by sweep frequency ultrasonic coupling temperature control is characterized by comprising a temperature control system, a temperature control device and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control system consists of a constant temperature water bath device; the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system consists of a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer; the ultrasonic signal monitoring system consists of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod and an oscilloscope; the temperature control system and the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system jointly act on the soybean soaking process and control the soaking temperature, and the ultrasonic signal monitoring system monitors the sound pressure signal emitted by the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system in the soybean soaking process.
According to the scheme, water and soybeans are contained in a constant-temperature water bath device, the soaking temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃ by the constant-temperature water bath device matched with a frequency sweep ultrasonic processing system, an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is fixed by a fixing frame and is arranged in the constant-temperature water bath device, the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is immersed in water, the lower surface of the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is located 5-10 cm above the soybeans, a frequency sweep ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer through an electric wire, the frequency of the frequency sweep ultrasonic generator is 60 kHz, the frequency sweep amplitude is +/-1 kHz, the frequency sweep period is 100 ms, the frequency sweep ultrasonic power is 144W, the frequency sweep ultrasonic intermittent ratio is 5:25 min, the frequency sweep ultrasonic generator transmits an electric signal into the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer emits ultrasonic waves in water to act on the soybeans, a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod is arranged in the water to collect an acoustic pressure signal, and is transmitted to an oscilloscope to monitor the ultrasonic action through the riveted electric wire.
In the scheme, the effective area of the piezoelectric film embedded in the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is 10 mm multiplied by 10 mm, the thickness is 30 mu m, the sensitivity is 2 multiplied by 10 < -8 > V/Pa, and a 50 omega resistor is connected in parallel during measurement.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring the soybean soaking process by frequency sweeping ultrasonic coupling temperature control, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting soybeans with full particles, consistent shapes and no mildew, cleaning and paving the soybeans at the bottom of a constant-temperature water bath device, adding a certain amount of water, fixing an ultrasonic flat plate transducer by a fixing frame, placing the ultrasonic flat plate transducer in the constant-temperature water bath device, immersing the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer in the water, placing the lower surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer 5-10 cm above the soybeans, controlling the immersion temperature of the constant-temperature water bath device to be 40 ℃ by matching with a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system, continuously monitoring the immersion temperature through a display screen of the constant-temperature water bath device, and keeping the immersion temperature at a required temperature value in the whole immersion process; (2) adopting a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system to assist the soybean soaking treatment, wherein the frequency of a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator is 60 kHz, the sweep frequency amplitude is +/-1 kHz, and the sweep frequency period is 100 ms; (3) the frequency sweeping ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer through an electric wire and transmits an electric signal to the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer emits ultrasonic waves in water to act on soybeans, the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is placed in the water to acquire a sound pressure signal and transmits the sound pressure signal to an oscilloscope through a riveted electric wire to monitor the ultrasonic action.
In the scheme, the total time for soaking soybeans by the aid of the sweep frequency ultrasonic treatment system is 3.5 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the device is simple, easy to operate, low in cost and suitable for industrial application; (2) the invention can obviously shorten the soaking time of the soybeans, and compared with the traditional soaking time at normal temperature, the method can shorten the soaking time by 2.86 times; (3) by adopting the device and the method, the sound field generated in the soybean soaking process assisted by the frequency sweeping ultrasonic processing system is monitored, the intensity of the ultrasonic field of the frequency sweeping is quantified, and the cavitation pulsation process is visualized; (4) by adopting the device and the method, the internal substances of the soybeans are more refined and uniform in the soaking process, the subsequent pulping operation is facilitated, and the obtained raw soybean milk is more delicate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for monitoring the process of soaking soybeans by frequency sweep ultrasound coupling temperature control.
Fig. 2 is a graph of sound pressure signals and amplitude changes thereof obtained in a process of monitoring soybean soaking by frequency sweep ultrasonic coupling temperature control.
Wherein: 1-constant temperature water bath device, 2-soybean, 3-PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod, 4-oscilloscope, 5-sweep frequency ultrasonic generator, 6-ultrasonic flat transducer, 7-wire, 8-fixing frame.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail by the following figures and specific embodiments.
The device and the method for monitoring the soybean soaking process by coupling sweep frequency ultrasound with temperature control are provided and applied, and the defects of the existing method are overcome. The schematic diagram of the device of the invention is shown in figure 1, and comprises: the device comprises a constant-temperature water bath device 1, a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod 3, an oscilloscope 4, a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator 5, an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer 6, an electric wire 7 and a fixing frame 8, soybeans 2 are placed in the constant-temperature water bath device 1 filled with water, the soaking temperature is controlled by the constant-temperature water bath device 1 in cooperation with a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer 6 is fixed by the fixing frame 8 and is placed in the constant-temperature water bath device 1, the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is immersed in the water, the lower surface of the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is located above the soybeans 2, the sweep frequency ultrasonic generator 5 is connected with the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer 6 through the electric wire 7, an electric signal is transmitted to the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer 6, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer 6 emits ultrasonic waves in the water and acts on the soybeans 2, the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod 3 is placed in the water to collect a sound pressure signal, and is transmitted to the oscilloscope 4 through the riveted electric wire 7 to monitor the ultrasonic action.
Examples
Weighing 50 g of soybeans which are full in particles and consistent in shape and do not mildew, cleaning, putting the soybeans into the bottom of a constant-temperature water bath device, flatly paving the soybeans in the bottom of the constant-temperature water bath device, putting 8000 mL of water, fixing an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer at a position which is about 5-10 cm above the soybeans through a fixing frame, simultaneously ensuring that the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer is immersed in the water, controlling the immersion temperature of the constant-temperature water bath device to be 40 ℃ by matching with a sweep-frequency ultrasonic processing system, and continuously monitoring the immersion temperature by a display screen of the constant-temperature water bath device; the frequency sweep ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer by an electric wire, the frequency of the frequency sweep ultrasonic generator is 60 kHz, the frequency sweep amplitude is +/-1 kHz, the frequency sweep period is 100 ms, the frequency sweep ultrasonic power is 144W, the intermittent ratio is 1:5, namely, ultrasonic is 5 min, the rest time is 25 min, the total ultrasonic time is 3.5 h, the frequency sweep ultrasonic generator transmits an electric signal to the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer emits ultrasonic in water to act on soybeans, and the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is arranged in the water to collect signalsSound pressure signal, the effective area of the piezoelectric film embedded in the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is 10 mm multiplied by 10 mm, the thickness is 30 mm, and the sensitivity is 2 multiplied by 10-8V/Pa, connect a 50 omega resistance in parallel while measuring, improve the stability that the noise signal gathers, avoid the distortion, act on the sound pressure signal and convert the ultrasonic field gathered into the electrical signal through PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring lever, transmit to the oscilloscope in the form of voltage value and display and store through the riveted electric wire. Compared with soybean soluble protein (8-11 mg/mL) which is not treated by the device and the method, the content of the soluble protein is increased to 24.71 mg/mL after the treatment by the method; FIG. 2 is a diagram of a sound pressure signal and its amplitude variation obtained during the soaking process of soybean monitored by sweep frequency ultrasonic coupling temperature control, which is characterized by utilizing a monitoring rod of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor to realize real-time online monitoring of the intensity variation of ultrasonic action generated during the soaking process of soybean by a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system, quantizing the sound pressure signal, including the amplitude of the sound pressure signal, wherein the sound pressure signal is a characteristic value of the intensity of ultrasonic action in a time domain monitored by the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor, the stronger the ultrasonic action, the more obvious the cavitation effect and the mechanical effect, the larger the pressure of micro-jet generated by collapse of the cavitation, the larger the deformation amount of the PVDF piezoelectric film, the larger the electric energy converted from the mechanical energy, and the longer the soaking time, because a large number of vacuole nuclei in the liquid are contributed to the pulsating growth and collapse process, the number of the vacuole nuclei is reduced, and the corresponding ultrasonic action intensity is reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A device for monitoring the soybean soaking process by sweep frequency ultrasonic coupling temperature control is characterized by comprising a temperature control system, a temperature control device and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control system consists of a constant temperature water bath device; the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system consists of a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic flat-plate transducer; the ultrasonic signal monitoring system consists of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod and an oscilloscope; the temperature control system and the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system jointly act on the soybean soaking process and control the soaking temperature, and the ultrasonic signal monitoring system monitors the sound pressure signal emitted by the sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system in the soybean soaking process.
2. The device for monitoring the soaking process of soybeans by temperature control through coupling of frequency sweeping ultrasound and according to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature water bath device is filled with water and soybeans, the soaking temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃ by the constant temperature water bath device in cooperation with a frequency sweeping ultrasound processing system, the ultrasonic flat plate transducer is fixed by a fixing frame and is arranged in the constant temperature water bath device, the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer is immersed in water, the lower surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer is 5-10 cm above the soybeans, the frequency sweeping ultrasound generator is connected with the ultrasonic flat plate transducer through wires, the frequency sweeping ultrasound generator has the frequency of 60 kHz, the frequency sweeping amplitude of +/-1 kHz, the frequency sweeping period of 100 ms, the frequency sweeping ultrasound power of 144W, the frequency sweeping ultrasound intermittence ratio of 5:25 min, the frequency sweeping ultrasound generator transmits electrical signals to the ultrasonic flat plate transducer, the ultrasonic flat plate transducer emits ultrasound in water to act on the soybeans, the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor monitoring rod is arranged in water to collect sound pressure signals, the ultrasonic action was monitored by transmitting the riveted wire to an oscilloscope.
3. A device for monitoring soybean soaking process by sweep frequency ultrasonic coupling temperature control according to claim 1, wherein the effective area of the embedded piezoelectric film in the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is 10 mm x 10 mm, the thickness is 30 μm, and the sensitivity is 2 x 10-8V/Pa, and a 50 omega resistor is connected in parallel when measuring.
4. A method for monitoring a soybean soaking process by frequency sweeping ultrasonic coupling temperature control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting soybeans with full particles, consistent shapes and no mildew, cleaning and paving the soybeans at the bottom of a constant-temperature water bath device, adding a certain amount of water, fixing an ultrasonic flat plate transducer by a fixing frame, placing the ultrasonic flat plate transducer in the constant-temperature water bath device, immersing the upper surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer in the water, placing the lower surface of the ultrasonic flat plate transducer 5-10 cm above the soybeans, controlling the immersion temperature of the constant-temperature water bath device to be 40 ℃ by matching with a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system, continuously monitoring the immersion temperature through a display screen of the constant-temperature water bath device, and keeping the immersion temperature at a required temperature value in the whole immersion process;
(2) adopting a sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system to assist the soybean soaking treatment, wherein the frequency of a sweep frequency ultrasonic generator is 60 kHz, the sweep frequency amplitude is +/-1 kHz, and the sweep frequency period is 100 ms;
(3) the frequency sweeping ultrasonic generator is connected with the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer through an electric wire and transmits an electric signal to the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer, the ultrasonic flat-plate transducer emits ultrasonic waves in water to act on soybeans, the monitoring rod of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor is placed in the water to acquire a sound pressure signal and transmits the sound pressure signal to an oscilloscope through a riveted electric wire to monitor the ultrasonic action.
5. A method for sweep frequency ultrasonic coupling temperature control monitoring of soybean soaking process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the total time of soybean soaking assisted by sweep frequency ultrasonic processing system is 3.5 h.
CN202110716660.XA 2021-06-28 2021-06-28 Device and method for monitoring soybean soaking process by frequency sweep ultrasonic coupling temperature control Pending CN113439821A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101965877A (en) * 2010-11-01 2011-02-09 赵静 Method for treating soya-bean milk material using ultrasonic wave
CN103719646A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-16 江苏大学 Method for promoting dissolving-out of organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate in vegetables through frequency sweeping ultrasonic treatment
CN209345942U (en) * 2018-09-22 2019-09-06 安徽鑫乐源食品有限公司 A kind of soybean serialization infuser device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101965877A (en) * 2010-11-01 2011-02-09 赵静 Method for treating soya-bean milk material using ultrasonic wave
CN103719646A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-16 江苏大学 Method for promoting dissolving-out of organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate in vegetables through frequency sweeping ultrasonic treatment
CN209345942U (en) * 2018-09-22 2019-09-06 安徽鑫乐源食品有限公司 A kind of soybean serialization infuser device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
何仁等: "不同功率超声波对提高大豆浆蛋白质含量的影响", 《食品与发酵工业》 *
张磊等: "基于多模式超声场作用下的空泡空化机理", 《江苏大学学报(自然科学版)》 *

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Application publication date: 20210928