CN113435556A - Code generation and decoding method and anti-counterfeiting method of dot matrix code - Google Patents
Code generation and decoding method and anti-counterfeiting method of dot matrix code Download PDFInfo
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- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
- G06K19/06037—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for generating a dot matrix code, which comprises the following steps: generating a positioning module and a correction module: acquiring data to be encoded; generating a data module according to data to be encoded, wherein four blank areas are reserved in the data module; and respectively adding three positioning modules and a correction module in the four blank areas to obtain the dot matrix code. The positioning module and the correction module in the dot code are not easy to be identified by human eyes, so that the dot code has strong concealment and is suitable for serving as an anti-counterfeit label of a product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a generating code, a decoding method and an anti-counterfeiting method of a dot matrix code, and belongs to the field of two-dimensional code anti-counterfeiting.
Background
The two-dimensional code is a common label, has the advantages of high information density, high readability and the like, and is commonly used as an anti-counterfeiting mark of a commodity. However, the two-dimensional code has at least the following characteristics, so that the two-dimensional code is not suitable for serving as an anti-counterfeiting mark of a commodity: 1. the two-dimension code algorithm is open source, so that a counterfeiter can directly utilize the open source algorithm to generate the two-dimension code; 2. the position detection pattern in the two-dimensional code is easy to be identified by human eyes, and the margin of the two-dimensional code is provided with a blank area, so that a counterfeiter can directly determine the position and the range of the anti-counterfeiting mark and copy the two-dimensional code by printing and other methods. Therefore, a new type of dot code suitable for use as an anti-counterfeit label for goods is needed.
For example, in the prior art, patent publication No. CN112187284A, "coding method, coding pattern reading method, and shooting device" discloses a coding method, a coding pattern reading method, and a shooting device, three of four positioning blocks in a coding pattern are respectively located at three corners of the coding pattern, and the other positioning block is only tangent to the edge of the coding pattern, so as to form an asymmetric distribution configuration of the four positioning blocks. The invention realizes accurate and rapid positioning of the coding graph and is beneficial to rapidly searching the position of the initial coding block in the coding region. But the locating piece in this patent still is easily discerned by the human eye, and the person of making fake can direct definite anti-fake label's position, provides convenience for making fake to a certain extent. Meanwhile, in the patent, a fourth positioning point is determined through the maximum internal angle, and a second positioning area and a third positioning area are determined through the distance, so that the influence of perspective distortion is easily caused, and the robustness is low. And when two codes are presented together, determining the fourth position from the largest interior angle is not reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dot array code generation method, a dot array code decoding method and an anti-counterfeiting method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
a method for generating a dot matrix code comprises the following steps:
generating a positioning module and a correction module:
the positioning module comprises i positioning code point groups; the first positioning code point group comprises a plurality of code points with centroids on the same straight line, and by taking one code point in the first positioning code point group as a positioning code point, the first positioning code point group rotates around the positioning code point to obtain other i-1 positioning code point groups;
the correction module comprises j correction code point groups; the first correction code point group comprises a plurality of code points with centroids on the same straight line, and by taking a certain code point in the first correction code point group as a correction code point, the first correction code point group rotates around the correction code point to obtain other j-1 correction code point groups;
acquiring data to be encoded; generating a data module according to data to be encoded, wherein four blank areas are reserved in the data module; and respectively adding three positioning modules and a correction module in the four blank areas to obtain the dot matrix code.
Furthermore, distances are arranged between the code points in the positioning module and the correction module.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: and arranging a plurality of interference code points with the same size and shape as the code points in the dot matrix code around the dot matrix code so as to hide the dot matrix code.
Furthermore, three positioning code points in the dot matrix code are distributed in an isosceles right triangle shape.
Furthermore, the side length or the diameter of the code point is less than or equal to 4 mil.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
a decoding method of lattice code includes the following steps:
acquiring a picture containing a dot matrix code;
identifying all code points in the picture;
searching a positioning module and a correction module in the code points;
according to the positioning module and the correction module, carrying out perspective transformation on the picture;
and decoding the data module in the image after perspective transformation to obtain the data to be encoded.
Further, the identifying all code points in the picture specifically includes:
carrying out graying processing on the image to obtain a grayscale image;
carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain edge information of each code point in the image;
and determining the outline of each code point according to the edge information.
Further, the locating module and the correcting module are searched in the code point, which specifically comprises:
presetting a first numerical value and a second numerical value, wherein the first numerical value represents the proportion between the code point space and the code point size in the positioning code point group; the second numerical value represents the proportion between the code point distance and the code point size in the correction code point group;
determining the centroid of each code point according to the outline of each code point;
searching a code point group meeting the requirements, wherein the requirements are as follows: the centroids of the plurality of code points are on the same straight line, and the ratio of the code point distance to the code point size on the straight line is consistent with the first numerical value or the second numerical value;
i code point groups containing the same code point form a positioning module, the same code point is the positioning code point of the positioning module, j code point groups containing the same code point form a correction module, and the same code point is the correction code point of the correction module.
The third technical scheme is as follows:
an anti-counterfeiting method comprises the following steps:
the code generation equipment generates a dot matrix code according to the data to be coded, the positioning module and the correction module; the data to be coded comprises product identification information and anti-counterfeiting information;
the decoding equipment decodes the dot matrix code to obtain data to be encoded and sends the data to a server;
the server is pre-stored with the data to be coded, and the anti-counterfeiting information in the data to be coded is associated with the product identification information; the server inquires anti-counterfeiting information according to the received product identification information, compares the received anti-counterfeiting information with locally stored anti-counterfeiting information, and if the comparison result is consistent, the dot matrix code is considered as a genuine product; otherwise, the dot matrix code is considered as a counterfeit.
Further, error correction information is also arranged in the data module of the dot matrix code, and the error correction information is generated through an error correction algorithm according to the product identification information.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the positioning module and the correction module in the dot code are not easy to be identified by human eyes, so that the dot code has strong concealment, is suitable for serving as an anti-counterfeiting label of a product, has low anti-counterfeiting cost and is easy to popularize.
2. The invention improves the counterfeiting difficulty by limiting the size of the code point to be in the mil level.
3. The invention sets a plurality of code points around the dot matrix code to hide the dot matrix code, thereby further increasing the cost of counterfeiting.
4. The invention avoids the influence caused by interference points to the maximum extent by searching code points meeting the requirements (most of the interference points are isolated points, linearity is difficult to meet, and the proportion requirement of the code points and the space is met), has stronger robustness, and can identify under the condition that a large number of interference points and a large number of repeated dot matrix codes exist.
5. The invention relates the product identification information and the product information, and the data module stores the product identification information with smaller quantity, so the size of the dot matrix code is smaller, and the concealment of the dot matrix code is further enhanced.
6. The invention only sets error correction information aiming at the product identification information, does not correct the anti-counterfeiting information, verifies the authenticity of the dot code by utilizing the characteristic that more image information is lost by counterfeits, further improves the counterfeiting difficulty and increases the counterfeiting cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for generating a dot matrix code according to the present invention;
fig. 2 to 4 are schematic diagrams of a lattice code according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dot matrix code with a plurality of interference code points added around the dot matrix code;
FIGS. 6-11 are schematic diagrams of the decoding process according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of code point arrangement rules in a dot matrix code;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional dot matrix code recognition principle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a method for generating a dot matrix code includes the following steps:
and generating a positioning module and a correction module.
In this embodiment, the positioning module is in a cross shape (as indicated by the reference numeral 1 in fig. 2), and includes two positioning code point sets, where the first positioning code point set includes 3 code points with centroids on the same straight line, and the second positioning code point set can be obtained by rotating the first positioning code point set by 90 ° around the positioning code point with the 2 nd code point in the first positioning code point set as the positioning code point. The length of the code point side in the positioning code point group is 1:1:1:1:1 as shown in fig. 4.
The correction module is "|" (as indicated by numeral 2 in FIG. 2), and comprises a correction code point group, the correction code point group comprises 3 code points with centroids on the same straight line, and the 2 nd code point in the correction code point group is the correction code point. And correcting the side length of the code point in the code point group, namely the side length of the code point, the distance and the side length of the code point, namely 1:1:1: 1.
Acquiring data to be encoded; the data to be encoded is converted into a 01-bit sequence, where 1 represents a black code point and 0 represents a white code point, and in this embodiment, the code points are arranged in a staggered manner to obtain a data module (as indicated by reference numeral 3 in fig. 2), so as to avoid the code points in the data module from being distributed in the same manner as the correction module and the positioning module. The beneficial effect that the code point is arranged in a dislocation way is that: even if the data to be encoded is converted into a bit sequence of all 1, the data acquisition module (as shown in fig. 12) does not have the same distribution state as the correction module and the positioning module.
Four blank areas are reserved in the data module, three positioning modules and one correction module are respectively added to the four blank areas, and three positioning code points are distributed in an isosceles right triangle shape. And (4) self-defining a mask, and superposing the mask on the data module to obtain the dot matrix code. The shapes, sizes and intervals of all code points (namely the code points in the data module, the positioning module and the correction module) in the dot matrix code are kept consistent.
In this embodiment, the code points are black rectangles, and the black rectangles are nested in the white rectangles (as shown in fig. 3) and then arranged, so that a certain distance is maintained between the code points in the dot matrix code.
One of the beneficial effects of this embodiment is: positioning module, correction module are difficult for the human eye to discern among the dot matrix code, then the disguise of dot matrix code is stronger, is applicable to the antifalsification label as the product, and anti-fake with low costs easily promotes.
The second advantage of this embodiment is: by limiting the size of the code point to be in the mil level, the counterfeiting difficulty is improved: the counterfeiter can only see the details of the dot code image of the present invention through an image magnifying instrument such as an electron microscope. The dot code image can generate first attenuation in the printing link; the amplified image obtained by shooting through an image amplifying instrument generates second attenuation; zooming the amplified image to make it approach to the original image size and proportion to generate third attenuation; a fourth decay occurs when printing is finally performed. After layer-by-layer attenuation, a large amount of information of the image is lost, and the information such as image detail characteristics and relative positions of the image is not comprehensive. The attenuation cannot be avoided even if high-precision copying equipment is used, so that the anti-counterfeiting effect can be effectively achieved when the dot matrix is designed to be in a mil level.
The third beneficial effect of this embodiment lies in: encrypting data to be encoded through a mask to prevent a third party from seeing an encoding rule; the mask may reduce the code matrix white space.
Example two
In this embodiment, each code point in the dot matrix code has a square shape, and the side length of the square is 1 mil. A plurality of square interference code points of the same size are added around the dot matrix code as shown in fig. 5 to conceal the dot matrix code.
The embodiment has the advantages that when a counterfeiter uses the image amplification instrument to perform counterfeiting, the lattice code has no positioning features recognizable by human eyes, so that the counterfeiter can only analyze and counterfeit all code points, and the counterfeiting cost is further increased.
EXAMPLE III
Decoding the lattice code shown in fig. 6 includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a picture containing the dot matrix code;
s2, identifying all code points in the picture, specifically:
carrying out graying processing on the image to obtain a grayscale image;
obtaining the edge information of the gray scale map by using a canny edge detection algorithm (as shown in FIG. 7);
based on the edge information, the minimum bounding rectangle outline of the code point is determined (as shown in fig. 8).
S3, recognizing the positioning module and the correction module, specifically:
s31, determining the centroid of the code point according to the minimum circumscribed rectangle outline of the code point;
s32, searching code point groups meeting the requirements, specifically:
finding 3 centroids which are linear; determining a straight line according to the 3 centroids, wherein if the ratio of the code point distance to the code point size on the straight line is consistent with a first numerical value, the 3 code points corresponding to the 3 centroids are a positioning code point group/a correction code point group;
s33, repeating the step S32 until all code point groups meeting the requirements are obtained;
s34, the 2 code point groups containing the same code point are positioning modules, the same code point is positioning code point, the rest code point groups are correction modules. As shown in fig. 9, two groups at the top left corner have an overlapped code point, and the two code point groups form a positioning module, and the overlapped code point is a positioning code point; the conditions of the upper right corner, the lower left corner and the upper left corner are the same, and are not described again; if the code point in the lower right group is not overlapped with other groups, the group is the correction module, and the middle point is the correction code point.
And S4, the positioning module and the correction module can determine the position (namely 4 coordinate positions which form a rectangle) and the direction of the dot code, and the picture is subjected to perspective transformation. The result of the perspective transformation is shown in fig. 10.
And S5, decoding the pictures after perspective transformation.
The existing decoding algorithm of the dot matrix code finds out the outline of the dot matrix code through a convex hull detection algorithm so as to determine the positions of four corner points of the dot matrix code, and then perspective transformation is carried out according to the positions of the corner points. The disadvantages are that: the profile changes when there are interference points (see fig. 13); or when the dot matrix code rotates, the direction of the dot matrix code cannot be determined, and it is difficult to determine which point the angular points correspond to respectively. Convex hull detection principle: and if the interior of the dot matrix code outline is set to be the set A, the connecting line of any two code points is in the set A.
The improvement of this embodiment is that by searching for a code point group that meets the requirements (see step S3 specifically), the influence caused by interference points is avoided to a great extent (most of the interference points are isolated points, which are difficult to satisfy linearity and satisfy the requirement of the ratio of code points to space), and the method has strong robustness, and can be used for identification in the presence of a large number of interference points and a large number of repeated dot matrix codes.
Example four
Further, step S4 in the fourth embodiment is illustrated:
as shown in fig. 11, it is assumed that the three positioning code points at the upper right corner, the upper left corner and the lower left corner in the standard code map are A, B, C points respectively, and the coordinates of the positioning code points are: b (0,0), A (1,0), C (0, 1).
The line segment length AC √ 2, AB √ 1, and AC ═ 1.
And according to the triangle side length theorem, determining a point B when the line segment AB is smaller than the line segment AC and the line segment BC is smaller than the line segment AC.
And determining the point A and the point C by using a cross product method: assuming point a is at the top right and point C is at the bottom left; then vector BA equals (1,0) and vector AC equals (-1, 1). A cross baxc [ [1 × 1-0 × (-1) ] - ] 1>0, it is assumed to be true, with point a at the top right and point C at the bottom left. If BAxAC <0, this indicates that the assumption is false. And determining the point A and the point C according to the positive and negative of the cross product. So far, the relative positions of 3 positioning code points are determined, that is, the position and the direction of the lattice code are determined. And then, performing perspective transformation on the picture according to the centroid coordinates of the 3 positioning code points and the 1 correction code point (the perspective transformation process is common knowledge and is not repeated).
EXAMPLE five
The anti-counterfeiting tracing is carried out by utilizing the dot matrix code, and the method comprises the following steps:
the code generation device acquires the data to be coded and the product information, wherein the data to be coded comprises product identification information and anti-counterfeiting information. The product identification information is used to uniquely identify the product and may be a digital code such as 2020012153. The anti-counterfeiting information is a self-defined character string, such as 20200121FJ 8258. The product information includes product name, product batch, product production time, product traceability information, and the like.
The code generating device generates error correction information (error correction information, which is an error correction field obtained by inputting the product identification information into an error correction algorithm such as a redsolomon algorithm) based on the product identification information. And the code generating equipment generates a data module according to the product identification information, the anti-counterfeiting information and the error correction field. And 3 positioning modules and 1 correcting module are added in the data module to obtain the dot matrix code.
And the code generation equipment sends the product identification information, the product information and the anti-counterfeiting information to a server. The server associates the product information, the anti-counterfeiting information and the product identification information.
And the decoding equipment acquires and decodes the dot matrix code to obtain product identification information, anti-counterfeiting information and an error correction field. And the decoding equipment corrects the error of the product identification information according to the error correction field.
The decoding equipment initiates a product information request and an anti-counterfeiting authentication request, and sends product identification information and anti-counterfeiting information to the server; and the server inquires the associated product information and the anti-counterfeiting information according to the received product identification information, compares the received anti-counterfeiting information with the stored anti-counterfeiting information, and if the comparison result is consistent, the anti-counterfeiting authentication is passed, otherwise, the anti-counterfeiting authentication is not passed. The server returns the product information and the anti-counterfeiting authentication result to the decoding equipment.
The decoding equipment displays the product information and the anti-counterfeiting authentication result.
The data volume of waiting to encode data is positive correlation with the size of code dot matrix, and the data volume of product information is great, and the data module that generates is also great, is unfavorable for the concealment of dot matrix code. One of the improvements of the embodiment is that the product identification information is associated with the product information, and the data module stores the product identification information with a smaller quantity, so that the size of the dot matrix code is smaller, and the concealment of the dot matrix code is further enhanced.
The counterfeit loses more image information, and the second improvement of the embodiment is that only the product identification information is set with error correction information, the anti-counterfeiting information is not corrected, the authenticity of the dot code is verified by utilizing the characteristic that the counterfeit loses more image information, the counterfeit difficulty is further improved, and the counterfeit cost is increased.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for generating a dot matrix code is characterized by comprising the following steps:
generating a positioning module and a correction module:
the positioning module comprises i positioning code point groups; the first positioning code point group comprises a plurality of code points with centroids on the same straight line, and by taking one code point in the first positioning code point group as a positioning code point, the first positioning code point group rotates around the positioning code point to obtain other i-1 positioning code point groups;
the correction module comprises j correction code point groups; the first correction code point group comprises a plurality of code points with centroids on the same straight line, and by taking a certain code point in the first correction code point group as a correction code point, the first correction code point group rotates around the correction code point to obtain other j-1 correction code point groups;
acquiring data to be encoded; generating a data module according to data to be encoded, wherein four blank areas are reserved in the data module; and respectively adding three positioning modules and a correction module in the four blank areas to obtain the dot matrix code.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the code dots of the positioning module and the calibration module are spaced apart from each other.
3. The method for generating a lattice code according to claim 1, further comprising: and arranging a plurality of interference code points with the same size and shape as the code points in the dot matrix code around the dot matrix code so as to hide the dot matrix code.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three positioning code points of the dot matrix code are distributed in an isosceles right triangle.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of a side or the diameter of a code point in the dot code is less than or equal to 4 mil.
6. The method for decoding a lattice code according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a picture containing a dot matrix code;
identifying all code points in the picture;
searching a positioning module and a correction module in the code points;
according to the positioning module and the correction module, carrying out perspective transformation on the picture;
and decoding the data module in the image after perspective transformation to obtain the data to be encoded.
7. The method for decoding a dot matrix code according to claim 6, wherein the identifying all code points in the picture specifically includes:
carrying out graying processing on the image to obtain a grayscale image;
carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain edge information of each code point in the image;
and determining the outline of each code point according to the edge information.
8. The method for decoding a lattice code according to claim 7, wherein the searching for the positioning module and the correcting module in the code point specifically comprises:
presetting a first numerical value and a second numerical value, wherein the first numerical value represents the proportion between the code point space and the code point size in the positioning code point group; the second numerical value represents the proportion between the code point distance and the code point size in the correction code point group;
determining the centroid of each code point according to the outline of each code point;
searching a code point group meeting the requirements, wherein the requirements are as follows: the centroids of the plurality of code points are on the same straight line, and the ratio of the code point distance to the code point size on the straight line is consistent with the first numerical value or the second numerical value;
i code point groups containing the same code point form a positioning module, the same code point is the positioning code point of the positioning module, j code point groups containing the same code point form a correction module, and the same code point is the correction code point of the correction module.
9. An anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the code generation equipment generates a dot matrix code according to the data to be coded, the positioning module and the correction module; the data to be coded comprises product identification information and anti-counterfeiting information;
the decoding equipment decodes the dot matrix code to obtain data to be encoded and sends the data to a server;
the server is pre-stored with the data to be coded, and the anti-counterfeiting information in the data to be coded is associated with the product identification information; the server inquires anti-counterfeiting information according to the received product identification information, compares the received anti-counterfeiting information with locally stored anti-counterfeiting information, and if the comparison result is consistent, the dot matrix code is considered as a genuine product; otherwise, the dot matrix code is considered as a counterfeit.
10. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 9, wherein the data module of the dot matrix code is further provided with error correction information, and the error correction information is generated by an error correction algorithm according to the product identification information.
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| CN114418050A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-29 | 三维码（厦门）网络科技有限公司 | Anti-counterfeiting dot matrix code generating method and decoding method |
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| CN114997352A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-09-02 | 常州志鸿智能科技有限公司 | Anti-counterfeiting tracing code generation and verification method based on dot matrix |
| CN115329919A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-11 | 北京微点科学技术有限公司 | Random additional point anti-counterfeiting method and device based on micro-point code |
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| CN117436907A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-23 | 中科微点技术有限公司 | Anti-fake information tracing method based on combination of mobile phone scanning dot matrix code and digital watermark |
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