CN113434810A - Method for controlling growth quality of reeds - Google Patents
Method for controlling growth quality of reeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN113434810A CN113434810A CN202110714701.1A CN202110714701A CN113434810A CN 113434810 A CN113434810 A CN 113434810A CN 202110714701 A CN202110714701 A CN 202110714701A CN 113434810 A CN113434810 A CN 113434810A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the growth quality of reeds, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1: obtaining influence factors of different water depths on growth conditions of organs of the reed by using a field test; s2: establishing a relation model between water depth and reed growth quality according to influence factors of different water depths of reed field survival conditions on reed growth; s3: adjusting the water depth of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds according to the relation model; s4: according to the market demand of the current year, the water depth range of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds is adjusted. The scheme specifically controls the growth quality of the reeds in a customized manner according to actual market demands, and pointedly meets market production requirements, so that the growth of the reeds is controllable, the influence of natural conditions on the growth quality of the reeds is reduced, the growth of the reeds can be controlled by a simple method, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit is favorably improved, and the management cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reed planting, in particular to a method for controlling the growth quality of reeds.
Background
The reed stem has high cellulose content, can be used for making paper and artificial fiber, can be used for medicine, and is mainly used for treating fever polydipsia, stomach heat emesis, dysphagia, regurgitation, consumptive lung disease, pulmonary abscess, exterior heat syndrome and globefish toxin relieving. Different application requirements have different requirements on the properties of organs such as reed roots, stems, leaves and the like. If papermaking requires the maximum total biomass of reed; the reed mat requires the maximum yield of reed stems and the diameter of the reed stems to meet certain standards; the reed picture requires the maximum yield and the standard quality of reed leaves and the like. The quality of the reed in the growth process is often controlled by natural conditions due to the uncontrollable performance of the hydrologic process, so that the growth quality of the reed is uneven, and the market requirement and the growth requirement can not be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a control method for regulating and controlling the growth quality of reeds according to market demands.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for controlling the growth quality of the reed comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining influence factors of different water depths on growth conditions of organs of the reed by using a field test;
s2: establishing a relation model between water depth and reed plant height, a relation model between water depth and reed stem thickness, a relation model between water depth and reed planting density and a relation model between water depth and reed yield according to influence factors of different water depths of reed field survival conditions on reed growth;
s3: according to the growth requirements of the reeds, the water depth of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds is adjusted by combining the relation model between the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model between the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model between the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model between the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1;
s4: and according to the market demand of the current year, in the growth process of the reeds, combining the relation model of the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model of the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model of the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model of the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1, and adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds.
Further, a relation model between the water depth and the height of the reed plants is as follows:
Y＝-a×h+b；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed stem thickness is as follows:
D＝-c×h+d；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed planting density is as follows:
Q＝e×h+f；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed yield is as follows:
G＝-i×h3+j×h2-k×h+l；
wherein Y, D, Q and G are respectively the height of the reed plant, the thickness of the reed stem, the density of reed planting and the yield of the reed; a. b, c, d, e, f, i, j and k are all constants larger than 0, and h is the water depth.
Further, the method for establishing the relation model between the water depth and the height of the reed plants comprises the following steps:
s21: acquiring annual water level quantity in a plurality of years of sections of a reed planting area, and acquiring the reed yield in the annual reed planting area;
s22: establishing a relation graph of water level quantity and reed yield in a plurality of annual subsections;
s23: and fitting a relation curve of the water depth and the reed yield in the relation graph to obtain a relation model of the water depth and the reed yield.
Further, the method for acquiring the reed yield in the reed planting area per year in the step S21 includes:
s211: the tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested in turn in a partitioned mode, and the buffer area and other areas are harvested completely; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
50% of area of a tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested, and the tourism functional area is harvested once in two years; the reaping amount is the height above the ground of the reed minus the stubble of 10cm, then:
N1＝S1_ amount of harvest/S1-Total yield
S1_ amount of harvest＝S1_ Stem+S1_ leaf sheath+S1_ leaf surface
Wherein N is1Biomass harvest coefficient, S, for tourist areas1_ amount of harvestThe total harvest quantity of each organ of reed in the tourism functional area, S1-Total yieldThe theoretical total yield S of reeds in the tourism functional area1 stem、S1 leaf sheathAnd S1 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the tourism functional area;
s212: harvesting reeds within 100m of the circumference of a road or a navigation channel in a reed planting area in autumn, wherein the harvesting amount is 90% of the aboveground part; the other harvesting modes of the areas needing to be harvested are as follows: leaving stubbles 10cm above the ground of the reeds or on the water surface or the ice surface; then
N2＝S2-amount of harvest/S2-Total yield
S2-amount of harvest＝S2_ Stem+S2_ leaf sheath+S2_ leaf surface
Wherein N is2Biomass harvest coefficient for autumn or winter reed harvesting within 100m around the road or channel, S2-amount of harvestTotal harvest yields of reed in different organs for different seasons, S2 stem、S2 leaf sheathAnd S2 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 100m around a road or a navigation channel;
s213: and (3) all villages in the ecological red line range in the reed planting area are moved, and all core areas are harvested, so that:
N3＝S3_ amount of harvest/S3 total yield
S3_ amount of harvest＝S3_ Stem+S3_ leaf sheath+S3_ leaf surface
Wherein N is3Is the biomass harvest coefficient, S, in the ecological red line range3_ amount of harvestThe total harvest, S, in the ecological red line range3 stem、S3 leaf sheathAnd S3 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the range of ecological red lines;
s214: alternately harvesting 50m around residential areas in the reed planting area; then:
N4＝S4-amount of harvest/S4 total yield
S4-amount of harvest＝S4_ Stem+S4_ leaf sheath+S4_ leaf surface
Wherein N is4The biomass harvesting coefficient, S, is within 50m of the circumference of the residential area4-amount of harvestTotal harvest within 50m of the circumference of the residential area, S4_ Stem、S4_ leaf sheathAnd S4_ leaf surfaceRespectively the reaping amount of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 50m of the periphery of a residential area;
s215: calculating the total reed reaping amount of the reed reaping area, wherein the total reed reaping amount is the reed yield G:
Samount of harvest＝S1_ amount of harvest+S2-amount of harvest+S3_ amount of harvest+S4-amount of harvest-ε
Wherein epsilon is the repeatedly calculated harvest amount in each harvest amount.
5. The method for controlling growth quality of reeds according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises:
s41: if the demand of the market in the current year is to use the reeds for papermaking, adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed by adopting a relation model of water depth and reed yield so as to enable the reed yield to reach the maximum value;
s42: if the market demands in the current year are that reeds are used for producing reed mats, a relation model of water depth and reed plant height, a relation model of water depth and reed stem thickness and a relation model of water depth and reed planting density are adopted to adjust the water depth range of the ecological floating bed, so that the height of the reed plants, the reed stem thickness and the reed planting density can reach the maximum values;
s43: if the market demands for producing the traditional Chinese medicine in the current year, the water depth range of the ecological floating bed is calculated by adopting a relation model between the water depth and the reed stem thickness and a relation model between the water depth and the reed planting density, so that the reed stem thickness and the reed planting density can reach the maximum values.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the scheme specifically controls the growth quality of the reeds according to actual market demands, and pointedly meets the market production requirements, so that the growth of the reeds is controllable, the influence of natural conditions on the growth quality of the reeds is reduced, the control on the growth of the reeds can be realized by a simple method, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit is favorably improved, and the management cost is reduced; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to reducing the pollutants in the lake water body.
Through field experimental study, the influence factor of natural environment on the growth quality of the reed is established, and the regulation and control of the growth of the reed are more accurate by establishing an accurate relation model between the growth quality of the reed and the influence factor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of reed growth quality.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the average water level in the lake and the area of reed.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the average annual water level of the white ocean and the reed yield.
Fig. 4 is a position diagram of a bulrush pattern.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between water depth and plant height of reeds.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the water depth and the stem thickness of the reed.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the water depth of the reed as a function of density.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the water depth and the yield of the reed.
FIG. 9 is a graph of water surface area versus water level.
Fig. 10 is a graph of the relationship between the water level of the reed and the area of the reed (calculated based on the water level-area and the suitable water depth for the growth of the reed).
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the lake level and the yield of reed.
Figure 12 is a graph of the yield of different reed depths for the white lake level.
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the area and yield of reeds corresponding to different plant heights and plant stems of 6.5m white lake.
FIG. 14 is a graph of reed area and yield corresponding to different plant heights and plant stems of a white lake water level of 7.0 m.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for controlling the growth quality of reeds in the scheme comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining influence factors of different water depths on growth conditions of organs of the reed by using a field test;
s2: through analyzing the difference adjustment result of the field test, the water depth is linearly and negatively correlated with the growth height of the reed plants, the water depth is linearly and negatively correlated with the thickness of reed stems, the water depth is linearly and positively correlated with the growth density of the reeds, and the water depth is nonlinearly correlated with the yield of the reeds. Establishing a relation model between water depth and reed plant height, a relation model between water depth and reed stem thickness, a relation model between water depth and reed planting density and a relation model between water depth and reed yield according to influence factors of different water depths of reed field survival conditions on reed growth;
the relation model of the water depth and the height of the reed plants is as follows:
Y＝-a×h+b；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed stem thickness is as follows:
D＝-c×h+d；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed planting density is as follows:
Q＝e×h+f；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed yield is as follows:
G＝-i×h3+j×h2-k×h+l；
wherein Y, D, Q and G are respectively the height of the reed plant, the thickness of the reed stem, the density of reed planting and the yield of the reed; a. b, c, d, e, f, i, j and k are all constants larger than 0, and h is the water depth.
The method for establishing the relation model between the water depth and the height of the reed plants comprises the following steps:
s21: acquiring annual water level quantity in a plurality of years of sections of a reed planting area, and acquiring the reed yield in the annual reed planting area;
s22: establishing a relation graph of water level quantity and reed yield in a plurality of annual subsections;
s23: and fitting a relation curve of the water depth and the reed yield in the relation graph to obtain a relation model of the water depth and the reed yield.
The method for acquiring the reed yield in the reed planting area per year in the step S21 comprises the following steps:
s211: the tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested in turn in a partitioned mode, and the buffer area and other areas are harvested completely; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
50% of area of a tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested, and the tourism functional area is harvested once in two years; the reaping amount is the height above the ground of the reed minus the stubble of 10cm, then:
N1＝S1_ amount of harvest/S1-Total yield
S1_ amount of harvest＝S1_ Stem+S1_ leaf sheath+S1_ leaf surface
Wherein N is1Biomass harvest coefficient, S, for tourist areas1_ amount of harvestThe total harvest quantity of each organ of reed in the tourism functional area, S1-Total yieldThe theoretical total yield S of reeds in the tourism functional area1 stem、S1 leaf sheathAnd S1 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the tourism functional area;
s212: harvesting reeds within 100m of the circumference of a road or a navigation channel in a reed planting area in autumn, wherein the harvesting amount is 90% of the aboveground part; the other harvesting modes of the areas needing to be harvested are as follows: leaving stubbles 10cm above the ground of the reeds or on the water surface or the ice surface; then
N2＝S2-amount of harvest/S2-Total yield
S2-amount of harvest＝S2_ Stem+S2_ leaf sheath+S2_ leaf surface
Wherein N is2Biomass harvest coefficient for autumn or winter reed harvesting within 100m around the road or channel, S2-amount of harvestTotal harvest yields of reed in different organs for different seasons, S2 stem、S2 leaf sheathAnd S2 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 100m around a road or a navigation channel;
s213: and (3) all villages in the ecological red line range in the reed planting area are moved, and all core areas are harvested, so that:
N3＝S3_ amount of harvest/S3 total yield
S3_ amount of harvest＝S3_ Stem+S3_ leaf sheath+S3_ leaf surface
Wherein N is3Is the biomass harvest coefficient, S, in the ecological red line range3_ amount of harvestThe total harvest, S, in the ecological red line range3 stem、S3 leaf sheathAnd S3 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the range of ecological red lines;
s214: alternately harvesting 50m around residential areas in the reed planting area; then:
N4＝S4-amount of harvest/S4 total yield
S4-amount of harvest＝S4_ Stem+S4_ leaf sheath+S4_ leaf surface
Wherein N is4The biomass harvesting coefficient, S, is within 50m of the circumference of the residential area4-amount of harvestTotal harvest within 50m of the circumference of the residential area, S4_ Stem、S4_ leaf sheathAnd S4_ leaf surfaceRespectively the reaping amount of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 50m of the periphery of a residential area;
s215: calculating the total reed reaping amount of the reed reaping area, wherein the total reed reaping amount is the reed yield G:
Samount of harvest＝S1_ amount of harvest+S2-amount of harvest+S3_ amount of harvest+S4-amount of harvest-ε
Wherein epsilon is the repeatedly calculated harvest amount in each harvest amount.
S3: according to the growth requirements of the reeds, combining the relation model of the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model of the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model of the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model of the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1, and adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds;
according to the requirements of growth quality, combining the field test in the step 1, giving out water depth control conditions of different growth periods, and regulating and controlling the state of the reed floating bed according to the water depth control requirements, thereby realizing the control of the quality of the reed. Harvesting according to time and quality, and adjusting the water depth to a proper water depth according to different local requirements on reeds and a reed floating bed.
S4: and according to the market demand of the current year, in the growth process of the reeds, combining the relation model of the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model of the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model of the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model of the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1, and adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds.
The method comprises the following steps:
s41: if the demand of the market in the current year is to use the reeds for papermaking, adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed by adopting a relation model of water depth and reed yield so as to enable the reed yield to reach the maximum value; the harvest time is 10-11 months.
S42: if the market demands in the current year are that reeds are used for producing reed mats, a relation model of water depth and reed plant height, a relation model of water depth and reed stem thickness and a relation model of water depth and reed planting density are adopted to adjust the water depth range of the ecological floating bed, so that the height of the reed plants, the reed stem thickness and the reed planting density can reach the maximum values;
the requirement of the reed mat on the height of a reed plant is generally 2-2.5m, the requirement on the stem thickness is generally 0.008m, and the higher the density of the reed mat is, the higher the yield of the reed mat is. Comprehensively considering the requirements of plant height, stem thickness and density on water depth to obtain a proper water depth range, and finally adjusting the water depth to a corresponding water depth according to the floating bed, wherein the harvesting period is 10-11 months.
S43: if the market demands for producing the traditional Chinese medicine in the current year, calculating the water depth range of the ecological floating bed by adopting a relation model of water depth and reed stem thickness and a relation model of water depth and reed planting density, so that the reed stem thickness and reed planting density can reach the maximum value; the harvest time is 10-11 months.
Harvesting according to time and quality, adjusting the water depth to a proper water depth according to different local requirements on reeds and according to a reed floating bed, wherein the water depth is in an icing period in 11-2 months, and grouping according to the regulation and control characteristics and the requirement of convenient harvesting. The growth of reed in the white lake is taken as an example for analysis, and the relationship between the water depth and the growth quality of reed is specifically analyzed.
As shown in fig. 2, the surface water level of the white lake fluctuates widely with the year and season in recent decades, and is called semi-dry lake when the water level of the lake is below 6.5m (stilbenes), dry lake when the water level is below 5.5m, the annual average water level of the lake and the area of the reed as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Baiyan lake year mean water level and Reed area table
| Year of year | Annual mean water level (m) | Area of reed (km)2) |
| 1978 | 8.26 | 161.34 |
| 1980 | 7.87 | 149.24 |
| 1984 | 5.50 | 90.50 |
| 1990 | 8.35 | 148.83 |
| 1991 | 8.61 | 116.08 |
| 1996 | 8.61 | 125.06 |
| 1998 | 7.81 | 177.30 |
| 2000 | 6.71 | 175.34 |
| 2003 | 6.00 | 152.60 |
| 2010 | 6.41 | 158.22 |
| 2013 | 8.70 | 116.92 |
| 2017 | 7.22 | 178.47 |
Fitting was performed according to the annual mean water level in the lake and reed area, as shown in fig. 2.
According to fig. 2, it can be known that the water level in 1978 to 2017 is significantly related to the reed area, and the correlation coefficient R thereof20.8936, and is related by a quadratic function, the correlation function is expressed as:
F＝-28.895z2+416.35z-1318.7
the formula shows that:
order to
When z is 7.20, F is 181.10. Namely, when the critical water level is 7.20m, the reed distribution area reaches the maximum value of 181.10km2. When the water level in the lake area is lower than the critical water level, the reeds cannot obtain sufficient water, so that the area of the reeds is reduced; when the water level of the lake area is higher than the critical water level, the reed field is submerged by flood, and the area of the reed field is changed into the area of the white lake area.
The following analyses were performed on the yields of reed canadensis:
the first is a simple area-reed yield relationship, as shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 average annual water level in the white ocean and Reed yield table
| Year of year | 1978 | 1980 | 1984 | 1990 | 1991 | 1996 | 1998 |
| Annual mean water level (m) | 8.26 | 7.87 | 5.50 | 8.35 | 8.61 | 8.61 | 7.81 |
| Reed yield (ten thousand tons) | 3.28 | 4.76 | 4.86 | 2.08 | 2.22 | 2.55 | 3.69 |
Fitting was performed according to the annual mean water level in the lake and reed production, as shown in fig. 3. It can be known that the water level of 1978 to 1998 is related to the yield of reed, which isCoefficient of correlation R20.7992, and is related by a quadratic function, the correlation function is expressed as:
P＝-0.6819z2+8.7594z-22.68
therefore, the following steps are carried out:
order to
When z is 6.42, P is 5.45. Namely, when the water level is 6.42m, the yield of the reeds reaches the maximum value of 5.45 ten thousand tons. Calculating the corresponding intra-lake annual average water level according to the area of the reed field; the yield of the reed was calculated from the mean water level as shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 comparison table of actual reed yield and calculated reed yield in different years
As can be seen from table 3 above, although the actual yields of reeds in 1949 and 1937 were smaller than the calculated yields, the relative errors were 22.10% and 39.32%, respectively, because the above-mentioned relationship between the planned area-water level-yield is based on the data after 1978, and at the beginning of liberation and during fighting, the reeds in the reed field were damaged to different degrees by human factors, resulting in a decrease in yield. However, the calculated value of the reed yield in 1982 was substantially equal to the measured value, indicating that the yield of the leuca arundinacea reed can be estimated well by the relationship between the reed area, the average water level, and the reed yield, based on the reed area.
The relationship between the complex area and the reed yield is analyzed as follows:
the reed is taken as a typical emergent aquatic plant and has strong adaptability to aquatic environment. Along with the gradient change of the water depth, the growth and development of the reeds can be correspondingly changed. Researches find that the plant height, density, stem thickness (diameter of stem) and biomass of the reed have close relationship with the gradient change of water depth.
Considering the water depth of the sample plot position, in 2011, 12 monitoring sampling areas are arranged in the fields and the swamps far away from the tourist attraction and the culture area, wherein the number of the fields and the swamp sample areas is 6 (fig. 4). 3 samples of 1m multiplied by 1m are randomly arranged in each area, and the overground parts of the reeds in the samples are collected by a harvesting method at the end of the growing season of the reeds. And recording the number of reed plants in the sample according to different depth gradients, measuring the height and stem thickness of the reed plants, and finally cutting the reed with the root to carry back to a laboratory for measuring the biomass (dry weight).
Relation between water depth and plant height:
according to the water depth and plant height data, the two are linearly related, as shown in FIG. 5.
Y＝-80.607h+295.26
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the correlation coefficient R20.89. With the increase of the water depth, the plant height of a single reed is reduced, and the plant height of the typhoon reed (the water depth is negative) is larger than that of the swamp reed (the water depth is positive).
From the above formula, when h is 1.63 and Y is 163.87, that is, the water depth reaches 1.63m, the growth height of the reed is 163.87cm, the height of the reed exposed from the water surface is only 0.87cm, and the reed is submerged and cannot grow, and the reed grows to the limit water depth.
Relationship of water depth to stem thickness:
according to the water depth and the stem thickness data, the two are linearly related, as shown in fig. 6.
D＝-0.3452h+0.8123
As can be seen from FIG. 6, the correlation coefficient R20.9012. With the increase of the water depth, the stem thickness of a single reed is reduced, and the stem thickness of the platform reed is larger than that of the swamp reed.
From the above formula, when h is 2.35, D is 0. It can be seen that when the water depth exceeds 2.35m, the reed cannot grow because the stem is very thin.
Water depth to density relationship:
from the water depth and density data, the two are linearly related, as shown in fig. 7.
Q＝16.102h+52.65
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the correlation coefficient R20.9365. As the water depth increases, the density of the reeds increases, and the density of the platform field reeds is less than that of the swamp reeds.
From the above formula, when h is-3.27, Q is 0. It can be seen that when the reed field is 3.27m above the water surface, the reed can not obtain water and die.
Water depth to yield relationship:
from the above analysis, it can be seen that the platform field reeds gradually develop towards swamp reeds along with the water depth, the reeds become shorter and the reed stems become thinner, the reed plant spacing becomes shorter (the reeds become denser), the water depth range of the reed growth is-3.27 m to 1.63m, when the height of the reed field exceeds the height of the water surface by 3.27m, the reeds can not obtain the water required by the growth of the reeds, and die when the submergence depth of the reed roots exceeds 1.63m, the reeds are submerged and die. Studies have shown that the common reed canadensis grows in water depths of [ -0.5,1], i.e., within a range of 0.5m above the water surface and 1m below the water surface.
And fitting a relation curve according to the water depth and the reed biomass data, as shown in figure 8.
G＝-1.05h3+0.97h2-0.09h+0.72
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the correlation coefficient R of water depth and reed biomass2At 0.9307, there are two extremes of the curve. For platform reeds, when the height of the reed field is 0.5m from the water surface, the biomass of the unit reed field is the maximum, and the value is 1.14kg/m2(ii) a For swamp reed, when the water depth is 0.50m, the biomass per reed field is the maximum, and the value is 0.79kg/m2When the water depth is 1.0m, the biomass of the unit reed field is 0.55kg/m2。
The unit yields of reeds at different water depths are discretized as shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4 relationship table of water depth and reed yield per unit
| Depth of water | Yield (kg/m)2) |
| [0.7，1.0] | 0.68 |
| [0.5，0.7] | 0.78 |
| [0.3，0.5] | 0.77 |
| [0.1，0.3] | 0.73 |
| [-0.1，0.1] | 0.73 |
| [-0.3，-0.1] | 0.80 |
| [-0.5，-0.3] | 0.99 |
The reed yield in different water depths is as follows:
according to the relationship curve of the water level of the white lake to the water surface area, see figure 9. Selecting different water levels, calculating the corresponding water surface area change value within the critical water depth range of the reed growth according to the critical water depth of the reed growth [ -0.5,1], and comparing the water surface area change value with the white lake water level-reed area in chapter 2, as shown in figure 10.
Taking different water levels, calculating the areas of reeds at different water depths of corresponding water levels, and combining the areas with a table 4 to calculate the total output of reeds at different water depths, which is shown in figures 11-12.
Analyzing the yield of the reed at the scene water level:
and selecting 6.5m and 7.0m of characteristic water levels of the white lakes to analyze the yield of the bulrush at the scene water level. As shown in table 5 and table 6,
TABLE 5 Reed characteristics at different water depths
| Depth of water (m) | Yield (kg/m)2) | Plant height (cm) | Stem diameter (cm) | Density (strain/m)2) |
| [0.7,1.0] | 0.68 | 226.74 | 0.52 | 66 |
| [0.5,0.7] | 0.78 | 246.90 | 0.61 | 62 |
| [0.3,0.5] | 0.77 | 263.02 | 0.67 | 59 |
| [0.1,0.3] | 0.73 | 279.14 | 0.74 | 56 |
| [-0.1,0.1] | 0.73 | 295.26 | 0.81 | 53 |
| [-0.3,-0.1] | 0.80 | 311.38 | 0.88 | 49 |
| [-0.5,-0.3] | 0.99 | 327.50 | 0.95 | 46 |
Table 6 production and area of scene level
Yield distribution of different reed traits:
as shown in fig. 13: the plant height and the reed area and the yield corresponding to plant stems of the white lake water level of 6.5m are shown in figure 14: the white lake water level is 7.0m, the plant heights are different, and the reed area and the reed yield are corresponding to plant stems.
The reed is divided into stems, leaves and leaf sheaths, and the total weight of one reed strain is the weight of the stems, the weight of the leaf sheaths and the weight of the leaves. According to the results of the study by Lebo et al 1, the stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces accounted for 34%, 36% and 30% of the total weight of reed, respectively, as shown in tables 7 and 8 below.
Table 7 corresponding yield distribution at water level 6.5m
TABLE 8 corresponding yield distribution at water level 7.0m
The scheme specifically controls the growth quality of the reeds according to actual market demands, and pointedly meets the market production requirements, so that the growth of the reeds is controllable, the influence of natural conditions on the growth quality of the reeds is reduced, the control on the growth of the reeds can be realized by a simple method, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit is favorably improved, and the management cost is reduced; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to reducing the pollutants in the lake water body.
Through field experimental study, the influence factor of natural environment on the growth quality of the reed is established, and the regulation and control of the growth of the reed are more accurate by establishing an accurate relation model between the growth quality of the reed and the influence factor.
Claims (5)
1. A control method for the growth quality of reeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: obtaining influence factors of different water depths on growth conditions of organs of the reed by using a field test;
s2: establishing a relation model between water depth and reed plant height, a relation model between water depth and reed stem thickness, a relation model between water depth and reed planting density and a relation model between water depth and reed yield according to influence factors of different water depths of reed field survival conditions on reed growth;
s3: according to the growth requirements of the reeds, the water depth of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds is adjusted by combining the relation model between the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model between the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model between the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model between the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1;
s4: and according to the market demand of the current year, in the growth process of the reeds, combining the relation model of the water depth and the height of the reed plants, the relation model of the water depth and the thickness of the reed stems, the relation model of the water depth and the planting density of the reeds and the relation model of the water depth and the yield of the reeds in the step S1, and adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed for planting the reeds.
2. The method for controlling growth quality of reeds according to claim 1, wherein the model of the relationship between water depth and height of reed plants is:
Y＝-a×h+b；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed stem thickness is as follows:
D＝-c×h+d；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed planting density is as follows:
Q＝e×h+f；
the relation model of the water depth and the reed yield is as follows:
G＝-i×h3+j×h2-k×h+l；
wherein Y, D, Q and G are respectively the height of the reed plant, the thickness of the reed stem, the density of reed planting and the yield of the reed; a. b, c, d, e, f, i, j and k are all constants larger than 0, and h is the water depth.
3. The method for controlling growth quality of reeds according to claim 2, wherein the method for establishing the relation model between the water depth and the height of reed plants comprises the following steps:
s21: acquiring annual water level quantity in a plurality of years of sections of a reed planting area, and acquiring the reed yield in the annual reed planting area;
s22: establishing a relation graph of water level quantity and reed yield in a plurality of annual subsections;
s23: and fitting a relation curve of the water depth and the reed yield in the relation graph to obtain a relation model of the water depth and the reed yield.
4. The method for controlling growth quality of reeds according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the yield of reeds in the annual reed planting area in step S21 comprises:
s211: the tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested in turn in a partitioned mode, and the buffer area and other areas are harvested completely; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
50% of area of a tourism functional area in the reed planting area is harvested, and the tourism functional area is harvested once in two years; the reaping amount is the height above the ground of the reed minus the stubble of 10cm, then:
N1＝S1_ amount of harvest/S1-Total yield
S1_ amount of harvest＝S1_ Stem+S1_ leaf sheath+S1_ leaf surface
Wherein N is1Biomass harvest coefficient, S, for tourist areas1_ amount of harvestThe total harvest quantity of each organ of reed in the tourism functional area, S1-Total yieldThe theoretical total yield S of reeds in the tourism functional area1 stem、S1 leaf sheathAnd S1 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the tourism functional area;
s212: harvesting reeds within 100m of the circumference of a road or a navigation channel in a reed planting area in autumn, wherein the harvesting amount is 90% of the aboveground part; the other harvesting modes of the areas needing to be harvested are as follows: leaving stubbles 10cm above the ground of the reeds or on the water surface or the ice surface; then
N2＝S2-amount of harvest/S2-Total yield
S2-amount of harvest＝S2_ Stem+S2_ leaf sheath+S2_ leaf surface
Wherein N is2Biomass harvest coefficient for autumn or winter reed harvesting within 100m around the road or channel, S2-amount of harvestTotal harvest yields of reed in different organs for different seasons, S2 stem、S2 leaf sheathAnd S2 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 100m around a road or a navigation channel;
s213: and (3) all villages in the ecological red line range in the reed planting area are moved, and all core areas are harvested, so that:
N3＝S3_ amount of harvest/S3 total yield
S3_ amount of harvest＝S3_ Stem+S3_ leaf sheath+S3_ leaf surface
Wherein N is3Is the biomass harvest coefficient, S, in the ecological red line range3_ amount of harvestThe total harvest, S, in the ecological red line range3 stem、S3 leaf sheathAnd S3 leaf surfaceRespectively the harvest quantities of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces in the range of ecological red lines;
s214: alternately harvesting 50m around residential areas in the reed planting area; then:
N4＝S4-amount of harvest/S4 total yield
S4-amount of harvest＝S4_ Stem+S4_ leaf sheath+S4_ leaf surface
Wherein N is4The biomass harvesting coefficient, S, is within 50m of the circumference of the residential area4-amount of harvestTotal harvest within 50m of the circumference of the residential area, S4_ Stem、S4_ leaf sheathAnd S4_ leaf surfaceRespectively the reaping amount of stems, leaf sheaths and leaf surfaces within 50m of the periphery of a residential area;
s215: calculating the total reed reaping amount of the reed reaping area, wherein the total reed reaping amount is the reed yield G:
Samount of harvest＝S1_ amount of harvest+S2-amount of harvest+S3_ amount of harvest+S4-amount of harvest-ε
Wherein epsilon is the repeatedly calculated harvest amount in each harvest amount.
5. The method for controlling growth quality of reeds according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises:
s41: if the demand of the market in the current year is to use the reeds for papermaking, adjusting the water depth range of the ecological floating bed by adopting a relation model of water depth and reed yield so as to enable the reed yield to reach the maximum value;
s42: if the market demands in the current year are that reeds are used for producing reed mats, a relation model of water depth and reed plant height, a relation model of water depth and reed stem thickness and a relation model of water depth and reed planting density are adopted to adjust the water depth range of the ecological floating bed, so that the height of the reed plants, the reed stem thickness and the reed planting density can reach the maximum values;
s43: if the market demands for producing the traditional Chinese medicine in the current year, the water depth range of the ecological floating bed is calculated by adopting a relation model between the water depth and the reed stem thickness and a relation model between the water depth and the reed planting density, so that the reed stem thickness and the reed planting density can reach the maximum values.
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