CN113433110A - Preparation method for generating substrate with honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ substitution method - Google Patents

Preparation method for generating substrate with honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ substitution method Download PDF

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CN113433110A
CN113433110A CN202110689450.6A CN202110689450A CN113433110A CN 113433110 A CN113433110 A CN 113433110A CN 202110689450 A CN202110689450 A CN 202110689450A CN 113433110 A CN113433110 A CN 113433110A
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substrate
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dendritic crystal
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CN113433110B (en
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董军
吴飞飞
高伟
韩庆艳
王勇凯
杨程元
祁建霞
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Xian University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
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    • G01N21/658Raman scattering enhancement Raman, e.g. surface plasmons
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    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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Abstract

The application relates to a preparation method for generating a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by an in-situ substitution method; relates to the field of preparation of dendritic crystal nano structures. The method comprises the following steps: placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate, placing the preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution, reacting for a first preset time to obtain a silver dendrite nanostructure, placing the preset substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a darkroom condition, and reacting for a second preset time to obtain a honeysuckle dendrite flower-shaped nanostructure; this application is through the step of oxidation, replacement and deposit, and simple preparation obtains honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower form nanostructure, and at gold silver dendritic crystal flower form nanostructure surface deposit probe molecule, under the exciting light incidence condition, because honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower form nanostructure has different scattering characteristics to different probe molecules, and honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower form nanostructure is through the light radiation efficiency who increases probe molecule, through the intensity that increases the scattering peak promptly, realizes the reinforcing to the raman spectrum.

Description

Preparation method for generating substrate with honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ substitution method
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of dendritic crystal nanostructure preparation, in particular to a preparation method for generating a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-shaped nanostructure substrate by an in-situ replacement method.
Background
Since the discovery of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) in 1970, non-contact, non-destructive raman spectroscopy techniques with detection of single-molecule limiting analytes have shown great viability and have received widespread attention in a number of areas. Because the frequency shift of the Raman spectrum only depends on the vibration energy level of target molecules and is irrelevant to the excitation wavelength, the Raman spectrum can be used as a fingerprint spectrum of the molecules, and the target identification is extremely strong, so that the Raman spectrum technology is paid more and more attention in the practical engineering application. The Raman scattering cross section of the molecule is small and is usually 10-30cm2–10-25cm2In the range of (2), the Raman signal of the free-state molecule is very weak, and the requirements of the spectral behavior of the detector on the test environment are very strict, so that the engineering popularization is greatly limited.
To further enhance the raman scattering spectroscopic signal, the investigator adsorbs the detected molecule to the surface of the noble metal nanostructure and observes an enhancement in raman spectroscopic intensity. In the dendritic metal nano structure, strong local field coupling can occur between two adjacent dendrites, so that an electromagnetic hot point is easy to form, the electron radiation transition rate of molecules can be effectively enhanced, and Raman spectrum enhancement is realized. Therefore, it is particularly important to prepare a metal dendrite nanostructure substrate having low cost and high stability.
However, the general preparation process of the metal dendrite nanostructure in the prior art is complex, has high cost, and is difficult to be applied to enhancing Raman scattering spectrum signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method for generating a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-shaped nano structure by using an in-situ exchange method aiming at the defects in the prior art, so as to solve the problems that the general preparation process of a metal dendritic crystal nano structure in the prior art is complex, the cost is high, and the application to enhancing Raman scattering spectrum signals is difficult.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a substrate with a dendritic crystal-like nanostructure in situ, the method comprising:
placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate;
placing a preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution, and reacting for a first preset time to obtain a silver dendrite nano structure;
placing the preset substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a dark room condition, and reacting for a second preset time to obtain a gold-silver dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure;
and depositing preset probe molecules on the surface of the honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure.
Optionally, the first predetermined time is 60 minutes to 120 minutes, and the second predetermined time is 20 minutes to 60 minutes.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in the first predetermined solution and removing the oxide layer on the surface of the predetermined substrate further includes:
cutting a preset substrate into a preset size;
cleaning a preset substrate by using an acetone solution, ethanol and deionized water;
placing a preset substrate at the anode of an electrolytic bath, injecting a preset polishing solution into the electrolytic bath, and polishing the preset substrate under an ice bath condition;
and oxidizing the polished preset substrate.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in a first predetermined solution to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the predetermined substrate includes:
cutting the oxidized preset substrate for the second time;
placing the preset substrate in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the volume ratio of 1/10, reacting for a third preset time, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate;
and cleaning the surface of the preset substrate by using deionized water.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in a silver nitrate solution for a first predetermined time to obtain the silver dendrite nanostructure includes: 0.085g of AgNO3The crystal is dissolved in 50ml of deionized water to prepare 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a dark room condition, and reacting for a second predetermined time to obtain the dendrite-like nanostructure includes: 0.034g of HAuCl4·4H2Dissolving the O crystal in 100ml deionized water to prepare 0.001mol/L chloroauric acid solution.
Optionally, the preset probe molecule is any one of rhodamine and crystal violet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a preparation method for generating a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by an in-situ replacement method, which comprises the following steps: placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate, placing the preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution, reacting for a first preset time to obtain a silver dendrite nanostructure, placing the preset substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a darkroom condition, reacting for a second preset time to obtain a honeysuckle dendrite nanostructure, and depositing preset probe molecules on the surface of the honeysuckle dendrite nanostructure, wherein the honeysuckle dendrite nanostructure is simply prepared by the steps of oxidation, replacement and deposition, and has different scattering spectra for different probe molecules under a certain exciting light incidence condition by depositing the probe molecules on the surface of the honeysuckle dendrite nanostructure, through the intensity that increases the scattering peak promptly, realize the reinforcing to raman spectrum, and because the process of this application preparation silver dendrite nanostructure is simple, and then make the silver dendrite nanostructure's that this application prepared cost also corresponding lower.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ replacement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ substitution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ substitution according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a prepared structure of another preparation method for generating a substrate with a dendrite-like nanostructure by in-situ substitution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are one embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the implementation of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ replacement according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a method for preparing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ conversion, the method comprising:
s101, placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate.
The preset substrate of the present application is used for bearing a structure to be prepared, the preset substrate is generally made of metal, and is not specifically limited herein, for the sake of clarity, the preset substrate is described herein as aluminum, the preset substrate made of metal aluminum is generally made of aluminum foil, for the sake of clarity, the preset substrate is described herein as aluminum foil, generally, the metal has lower oxidability than the metal oxide, that is, the metal oxide has higher stability compared to the metal simple substance, the application needs to prepare a dendrite structure on the preset substrate, it is necessary to remove the metal oxide on the preset substrate first, a metal oxide layer is generally present on the surface of the preset substrate, a first preset solution is used to react with the metal oxide layer to remove the metal oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate, so that the metal in the preset substrate is exposed outside to facilitate subsequent reaction.
S102, placing the preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution, and reacting for a first preset time to obtain the silver dendrite nano structure.
The method includes the steps of placing a preset substrate with a surface oxide layer removed in a silver nitrate solution, wherein due to the fact that nitric acid ions and silver ions exist in the silver nitrate solution, the silver ions can react with metal on the surface of the preset substrate, aluminum atoms exist in the preset substrate made of aluminum, the silver ions in the silver nitrate solution can be replaced out, the silver atoms are attached to the surface of the preset substrate, and a silver dendrite structure is formed on the surface of the preset substrate made of aluminum, namely the silver atoms grow on the surface of the preset substrate made of aluminum according to the shape of a branch, and it is required to be noted that the shape, size, shape and other geometric data of the dendrite prepared by the method are related to the time during preparation, and are not specifically limited herein.
The term explains that dendrites, i.e. dendrites, are crystals that develop in the typical multi-branch tree-like form. Dendrite growth is very common and is illustrated by snow formation and frost-like patterns on the window. The dendrites form a natural fractal pattern.
S103, placing the preset substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a dark room condition, and reacting for a second preset time to obtain the dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure of the gold and silver.
The method comprises the following steps that a layer of silver dendrite nanostructure formed by silver dendrites is formed on the surface of a preset substrate, the preset substrate with the silver dendrite nanostructure attached to the surface is placed in chloroauric acid solution, chlorine ions and gold ions exist in the chloroauric acid solution, the silver ions in the preset substrate react with the chlorine ions and the gold ions in the chloroauric acid solution, namely the gold ions can replace silver atoms in the silver dendrite nanostructure, and under the action of the gold ions, part of silver atoms on the surface of the preset substrate react with the gold ions to form gold atoms, namely a gold-silver dendrite flower-shaped nanostructure is formed on the surface of the preset substrate, namely a tin-silver dendrite nanostructure is formed on the surface of the preset substrate by using two metals of gold and silver; it should be noted that the shape, size, morphology and other geometric data of the dendrites prepared by the present invention are related to the time of preparation, and are not limited herein.
S104, depositing preset probe molecules on the surface of the honeysuckle dendritic flower-like nano structure.
Under the incidence of exciting light, the honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-shaped nano structure has different scattering spectra for different probe molecules, and the preset probe molecules are deposited on the surface of the honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-shaped nano structure by using a deposition method, namely, a structure layer formed by the probe molecules is arranged on the surface layer of the honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-shaped nano structure on the surface of the preset substrate.
Optionally, the first predetermined time is 60 minutes to 120 minutes, and the second predetermined time is 20 minutes to 60 minutes.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ substitution according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 2, optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in the first predetermined solution and removing the oxide layer on the surface of the predetermined substrate further includes:
s201, cutting the preset substrate into a preset size.
In the step, the preset substrate needs to be finely polished, the preset substrate needs to be placed in an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and the preset substrate needs to be cut according to the size of the electrolytic cell.
S202, cleaning the preset substrate by using acetone solution, ethanol and deionized water.
The method comprises the steps of putting a cut preset substrate into a beaker filled with an acetone solution, soaking for a period of time, and removing oil stains and organic matters on the surface of the preset substrate, wherein in practical application, the amount of acetone can cover the preset substrate, no specific limitation is made on the method, the soaking time of the acetone solution is determined according to actual needs, the preset substrate can be placed in an ultrasonic instrument if the organic matters and the oil stains on the surface of the preset substrate are rapidly removed, ethanol is injected into the ultrasonic instrument, the oil stains and the organic matters on the surface of the preset substrate are cleaned by the ultrasonic instrument, the preset substrate surface is cleaned by deionized water after cleaning, and the cleaned preset substrate is dried.
S203, placing the preset substrate at the anode of the electrolytic bath, injecting a preset polishing solution into the electrolytic bath, and polishing the preset substrate under the ice bath condition.
The cleaned predetermined substrate is placed at the anode of the electrolytic bath, the cathode of the electrolytic bath is provided with a metal having a metal property larger than that of the predetermined substrate, typically, platinum is used to provide the cathode of the electrolytic bath, the interior of the electrolytic bath is filled with a predetermined polishing solution, the polishing solution is typically prepared by using 2.78ml of water, 10ml of perchloric acid and 64ml of alcohol. The amount of the predetermined polishing solution is determined according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein, when the material of the predetermined substrate is aluminum, the voltage of the electrolytic cell is 8v, the polishing time is 8 minutes to 15 minutes, and the voltage and the polishing time of the electrolytic cell are determined according to the material of the predetermined substrate, and are not specifically limited herein, as long as the surface of the predetermined substrate is cleaned and polished.
And S204, oxidizing the polished preset substrate.
And placing the cleaned and polished preset substrate in air to oxidize the surface of the preset substrate, or oxidizing the surface of the preset substrate by using an oxidizing agent acting on the surface of the preset substrate.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another method for producing a substrate with a flower-like nanostructure of gold and silver dendrites by in-situ substitution according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 3, optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in the first predetermined solution, and removing the oxide layer on the surface of the predetermined substrate includes:
s301, cutting the oxidized preset substrate for the second time.
The pre-set substrate is cut for the second time, which is to facilitate further reaction, and in practical application, the pre-set substrate is generally cut to 05 × 1cm2
S302, placing the preset substrate in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the volume ratio of 1/10, reacting for a third preset time, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate.
And (3) reacting the diluted hydrochloric acid solution with the oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate to remove the oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate, wherein the third preset time is determined according to actual needs and is not specifically limited herein, and the oxide layer is removed on the surface of the preset substrate.
And S303, cleaning the surface of the preset substrate by using deionized water.
And cleaning the surface of the preset substrate by using deionized water so as to facilitate the subsequent reaction and avoid introducing impurities.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in a silver nitrate solution for a first predetermined time to obtain the silver dendrite nanostructure includes: 0.085g of AgNO3The crystal is dissolved in 50ml of deionized water to prepare 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution.
One part of the AgNO3The crystal amount is 0.085g, one part of ionized water amount is 50ml, and 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution can be prepared, the AgNO3The amount of the crystals and the deionized water is determined according to the demand of the 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution, and is not particularly limited.
Optionally, the step of placing the predetermined substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a dark room condition, and reacting for a second predetermined time to obtain the dendrite-like nanostructure includes: 0.034g of HAuCl4·4H2Dissolving the O crystal in 100ml deionized water to prepare 0.001mol/L chloroauric acid solution.
One part of the HAuCl4·4H2The amount of O crystals was 0.034g, and one part of ionized water was 100ml, and a 0.001mol/L chloroauric acid solution, HAuCl, was prepared4·4H2The amount of O crystals and the deionized water used is determined according to the demand of the 0.001mol/L chloroauric acid solution, and is not particularly limited.
Alternatively, fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a prepared structure of another preparation method for generating a substrate with a dendrite-like nanostructure in situ by using the ex-situ substitution method according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 4, in the process, Ag dendrites are gradually consumed, Au particles are generated on the surfaces of the Ag dendrites to form a dendrite nano structure with Ag and Au interlaced, the Au particles with long reaction time are closely arranged together to form a gold film and are distributed to form a flower-shaped structure, and the flower-shaped dendrite structure extends outwards and radially along with the dissolution and consumption of the Ag dendrites to form an Au-Ag alloy dendrite structure. According to the preparation method for generating the substrate with the flower-shaped nano structure of the dendrite in situ, the preparation of the flower-shaped nano structure of the dendrite is simply realized only by using the steps, and because the formation of the dendrite is formed according to the diffusion-limited aggregation and directional attachment mechanism, compared with other preparation methods, the preparation method is high in stability, and compared with the situation that the dendrite is vertically grown and distributed on the surface of the substrate with the flower-shaped nano structure of the dendrite prepared by other methods in a staggered mode, the shape of the dendrite is different.
Optionally, the preset probe molecule is any one of rhodamine and crystal violet.
The probe molecule may be rhodamine or crystal violet, and is not particularly limited herein.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method for generating a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by an in-situ replacement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate;
placing the preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution, and reacting for a first preset time to obtain a silver dendrite nano structure;
placing the preset substrate in a chloroauric acid solution under a dark room condition, and reacting for a second preset time to obtain a gold-silver dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure;
and depositing preset probe molecules on the surface of the honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure.
2. The method for preparing a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ replacement according to claim 1, wherein the first preset time is 60 minutes to 120 minutes, and the second preset time is 20 minutes to 60 minutes.
3. The method for preparing a substrate with a dendritic crystal-like nano structure by in-situ replacement according to claim 2, wherein the step of placing the predetermined substrate in the first predetermined solution and removing the oxide layer on the surface of the predetermined substrate further comprises:
cutting the preset substrate into a preset size;
cleaning the preset substrate by using an acetone solution, ethanol and deionized water;
placing the preset substrate at the anode of an electrolytic bath, injecting a preset polishing solution into the electrolytic bath, and polishing the preset substrate under an ice bath condition;
and oxidizing the polished preset substrate.
4. The method for preparing a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal-like nano structure by in-situ replacement according to claim 3, wherein the step of placing a preset substrate in a first preset solution and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate comprises the following steps:
cutting the oxidized preset substrate for the second time;
placing the preset substrate in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution with the volume ratio of 1/10, reacting for a third preset time, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the preset substrate;
and cleaning the surface of the preset substrate by using deionized water.
5. The method for preparing a substrate with a honeysuckle dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ replacement according to claim 4, wherein the step of placing the preset substrate in a silver nitrate solution for reacting for a first preset time to obtain the silver dendritic crystal nano structure comprises the following steps: 0.085g of AgNO3The crystals were dissolved in 50ml for deionizationPreparing 0.01mol/L silver nitrate solution from the sub-water.
6. The method for preparing a substrate with a dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure by in-situ replacement according to claim 5, wherein the step of placing the preset substrate in chloroauric acid solution under dark room conditions for a second preset time to obtain the dendritic crystal flower-like nano structure comprises: 0.034g of HAuCl4·4H2Dissolving the O crystal in 100ml deionized water to prepare 0.001mol/L chloroauric acid solution.
7. The method for preparing a substrate with a dendritic crystal-like nanostructure in situ replacement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the predetermined probe molecule is any one of rhodamine and crystal violet.
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