CN113433088A - Fine monitoring method for oil mixing section of crude oil long-distance pipeline - Google Patents
Fine monitoring method for oil mixing section of crude oil long-distance pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN113433088A CN113433088A CN202110714173.XA CN202110714173A CN113433088A CN 113433088 A CN113433088 A CN 113433088A CN 202110714173 A CN202110714173 A CN 202110714173A CN 113433088 A CN113433088 A CN 113433088A
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3577—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
Abstract
The invention discloses a refined monitoring method for a mixing section of a long-distance crude oil pipeline, which aims at the transportation process of crude oil in the long-distance crude oil pipeline between oil transportation stations, utilizes a near-infrared spectrometer to scan the spectrum of oil products in a pipeline, and adopts an optimization method to solve the composition ratio of the oil products in the mixing section so as to realize the refined monitoring of the mixing section. On one hand, the method solves the problem that the existing density method is difficult to detect the oil products with similar densities, and improves the flexibility of pipeline transportation; on the other hand, the oil mixing section can be subjected to fine detection, and the quantitative proportion is given in real time, so that the method has important reference value for guiding refining and intensive production of refining enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crude oil transportation management of refining enterprises, in particular to a method for finely measuring the oil product proportion of a mixed oil section in a long-distance pipeline.
Background
The long-distance pipeline is one of the main modes of crude oil transportation, and generally adopts a sequential transportation mode, namely, different types of oil products are continuously transported in a pipeline according to a certain batch and sequence. Two oil product mixing sections can appear in the pipeline in the sequential transportation process, so that the oil product in the pipeline is required to be detected in real time in the crude oil transportation process by an oil receiving station, and the oil mixing interface is accurately positioned so as to finish oil product cutting.
The existing crude oil mixing section detection method usually adopts a density method to cut a mixing section, but the method is difficult to cut oil products with similar density. At present, a method for detecting an oil mixing interface by adopting a near infrared spectrum is adopted, but the method can only detect an initial section, a middle section and an ending section of oil mixing at present, and cannot achieve fine measurement, so that the accurate cutting of pipe conveying scheduling is influenced.
In a word, a more precise quantitative detection method for cutting mixed oil is urgently needed in the field of pipeline transportation, so that the cutting precision of oil products is improved, and the increasingly lean production requirements of the pipeline transportation process in China are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online fine detection method for a crude oil mixing interface in sequential transportation, aiming at the problems in the background technology. The method utilizes an online near-infrared device to collect oil product spectrum in a pipeline, analyzes the composition proportion of the oil mixing section in real time, and realizes the refined control of crude oil cutting.
The method comprises the following steps:
1) when oil is supplied to an oil delivery first station, the spectrums of two kinds of crude oil A and crude oil B which are continuously delivered are sent to a target oil receiving station;
2) when the crude oil A in the first oil transportation station is completely transported and the crude oil B begins to be transported, the target oil receiving station begins to time, and the accumulated time is ts；
3) Calculating the estimated time t for the crude oil mixing section to reach the target oil receiving stationpJudgment of tp≤(1+η)tsIf yes, turning to step 4), otherwise, circularly waiting, wherein eta is a time redundancy coefficient, eta is taken as 20%, tpThe specific calculation method is as follows:
v in formula (2)TFor the transfer volume flow rate, l is the pipeline path length and φ is the pipeline diameter.
4) Setting a near infrared spectrum scanning point on a long-distance pipeline to obtain the near infrared spectrum of the oil product in the pipeline at the current moment, and preprocessing the near infrared spectrum of the oil product collected at the current moment and the spectra of the two types of crude oil received in the step 1):
(1) intercepting 5200-6200 cm-1The wave number band is a spectrum effective area;
(2) and (3) carrying out vector normalization processing on the intercepted spectrum:
in the formula (1), Xi,jIs the absorbance of the ith sample at wavenumber j;
the average value of the absorbance of the ith sample is taken; m is the number of wave number points; xi,j *Represents the absorbance at wavenumber j of the ith sample after vector normalization;
5) determining decision variables, a target function min (cost) and a constraint condition set COTs, and establishing an optimization method model for analyzing the oil composition of the mixed oil section;
(1) setting decision variable as the proportion of two kinds of crude oil in the oil mixing section, wherein the decision variable is kAAnd kB；
(2) Set the objective function min (cost) as:
wherein m is the number of wave number points, Xcmb,jRepresents the absorbance, X, of the current oil-mixed sample spectrum at wavenumber jA,jAnd XB,jRepresenting the absorbance of the spectra of two known crude oils at wavenumber j;
(3) setting the constraint set COTs as follows:
kA+kB＝1 (4)
0≤kA≤1 (5)
0≤kB≤1 (6)
6) optimizing and solving the model in the step 5) to obtain the mixture ratio k of the crude oil at the sampling time pointAAnd kB；
7) If k isAK is not more than 5%BIf the oil mixing rate is more than or equal to 95 percent, judging that the oil mixing is finished, turning to the step 8), otherwise, turning to the step 4);
8) judging whether the crude oil B is followed by the continuously conveyed crude oil C, if so, regarding the crude oils B and C as the crude oils A and B in the step 1), and returning to the step 1) for continuous monitoring; otherwise, ending.
Has the advantages that:
the invention discloses a refined monitoring method for a mixed oil section of a long-distance crude oil pipeline, which solves the problem that the existing density method is difficult to detect oil products with similar densities and improves the flexibility of pipeline transportation; on the other hand, the oil mixing section can be subjected to fine detection, and the quantitative proportion is given in real time, so that the method has important reference value for guiding refining and intensive production of refining enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mixed oil section formed in the transportation process of a long-distance pipeline of crude oil in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a refined monitoring method for a mixing section of a long-distance crude oil pipeline according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of analyzing the crude oil ratio in the mixing section in the example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings and specific examples, and the specific operation flow illustrates the implementation effect of the method in the cutting process of the crude oil mixing section. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The method for analyzing the mixed oil section is specifically directed at the process of conveying crude oil from an oil conveying initial station to a target oil receiving station of a certain pipeline transportation enterprise, and is shown in figure 1: in the process of sequentially conveying crude oil from an oil conveying initial station to a target oil receiving station through a long conveying pipeline, an oil mixing section formed by an oil product A and an oil product B exists in the pipeline, and the respective proportion of the crude oil in the oil mixing section needs to be accurately known, so that the oil mixing section is cut according to process requirements.
The near infrared spectrum data in this embodiment are shown in table 1 and table 2, where the data in table 1 are near infrared spectra of two kinds of crude oil sent from the first oil transportation station, and the data in table 2 are near infrared spectra of oil products detected at the target oil receiving station:
TABLE 1 near Infrared Spectroscopy of two crude oils
TABLE 2 near infrared spectra collected at different times in the oil blending section
| Wave number | Absorbance at |
Absorbance at time 2 | …… | Absorbance at time 52 | Absorbance at time 53 |
| 3494.75 | 0.1040 | 0.4084 | …… | 0.2481 | 0.1276 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| 5215.13 | 0.4560 | 0.4440 | …… | 0.3476 | 0.3476 |
| 5222.85 | 0.4590 | 0.4469 | …… | 0.3502 | 0.3502 |
| 5230.56 | 0.4621 | 0.4499 | …… | 0.3529 | 0.3529 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| 6148.61 | 0.6146 | 0.5935 | …… | 0.4472 | 0.4472 |
| 6156.32 | 0.6157 | 0.5944 | …… | 0.4476 | 0.4476 |
| 6164.04 | 0.6170 | 0.5956 | …… | 0.4483 | 0.4482 |
| 6171.75 | 0.6185 | 0.5970 | …… | 0.4492 | 0.4491 |
| 6179.47 | 0.6203 | 0.5987 | …… | 0.4505 | 0.4503 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
| 12004.06 | 2.4703 | 2.7747 | 2.8631 | 2.3677 |
The flow of this embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1) when oil is supplied to an oil delivery first station, the spectrums of two kinds of crude oil A and crude oil B which are continuously delivered are sent to a target oil receiving station;
2) when the crude oil A in the first oil transportation station is completely transported and the crude oil B begins to be transported, the target oil receiving station begins to time, and the accumulated time is ts；
The values of the parameters used for the oil pipeline correlation calculations in this example are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Long haul pipeline example parameters
| Pipeline Length l (km) | Pipe diameter phi (mm) | Speed of transshipment VT(m3/h) |
| 60 | 700 | 2500 |
3) Calculating the estimated time t for the crude oil mixing interface to reach the target oil receiving stationp：
The value of the time redundancy coefficient eta is 20 percent, and t is judgedp≤(1+η)tsIf yes, turning to the step 4), otherwise, circularly waiting;
4) preprocessing the near infrared spectrum of the oil product acquired at the current moment and the spectrum of the two received crude oils, specifically intercepting 5200-6200 cm-1The wave number band is a spectrum effective area, and vector normalization processing is carried out:
the spectra of the two pretreated crude oils are shown in Table 4, and the spectrum of the mixed oil section after pretreatment is shown in Table 5:
TABLE 4 spectra of two pre-treated crude oils
| Spectral wave number | Crude oil A absorbance | Crude oil B absorbance |
| 5199.70 | -0.1047 | -0.0983 |
| 5207.42 | -0.1036 | -0.0973 |
| 5215.13 | -0.1025 | -0.0963 |
| 5222.85 | -0.1014 | -0.0952 |
| 5230.56 | -0.1002 | -0.0941 |
| …… | …… | …… |
| 6148.61 | -0.0464 | -0.0556 |
| 6156.32 | -0.0456 | -0.0549 |
| 6164.04 | -0.0447 | -0.0542 |
| 6171.75 | -0.0437 | -0.0534 |
| 6179.47 | -0.0427 | -0.0525 |
TABLE 5 spectrum of the pretreated oil blend section
5) Determining decision variables, an objective function min (cost) and a constraint condition set COTs, and establishing an optimization method model for analyzing the mixed oil section. Firstly, determining the mixing proportion of two crude oils in the oil mixing section as a decision variable, wherein the decision variable is kAAnd kB. Determining the objective function as:
constraint set COTs are:
6) optimizing and solving the model in the step 5) to obtain the mixture ratio k of the crude oil at the sampling time pointAAnd kBAs shown in table 6:
TABLE 6 crude oil blending ratio example coefficients
Plotting the data in Table 6 as kAAnd kBA change chart of different sampling moments in the oil mixing section is shown in FIG. 3;
7) if k isAK is not more than 5%BIf the oil mixing rate is more than or equal to 95 percent, judging that the oil mixing is finished, turning to the step 8), otherwise, turning to the step 4). As can be seen from FIG. 3, at the 47 th sampling instant, kA4.97% to 5% and kB95.02 percent or more than 95 percent, and judging that the oil mixing is finished;
8) and judging that the crude oil C which is continuously conveyed behind the crude oil B does not exist, and ending oil mixing.
Therefore, the method can be used for finely detecting the oil mixing process, giving quantitative proportion in real time and providing technical support for accurate cutting of enterprises.
Claims (5)
1. A refined monitoring method for a mixed oil section of a long-distance crude oil pipeline is characterized in that aiming at the transportation process of crude oil in the long-distance crude oil pipeline between oil transportation stations, a near-infrared spectrometer is used for scanning the spectrum of oil products in a pipeline, an optimization method is adopted for solving the composition ratio of the oil products in the mixed oil section, the refined monitoring on the mixed oil section is realized, and an oil mixing interface is positioned, and the refined monitoring method comprises the following steps:
1) when oil is supplied to an oil delivery first station, the spectrums of two kinds of crude oil A and crude oil B which are continuously delivered are sent to a target oil receiving station;
2) when the crude oil A in the first oil transportation station is completely transported and the crude oil B begins to be transported, the target oil receiving station begins to time, and the accumulated time is ts；
3) Calculating the estimated time t for the crude oil mixing section to reach the target oil receiving stationpJudgment of tp≤(1+η)tsIf yes, turning to the step 4), otherwise, circularly waiting, wherein eta is a time redundancy coefficient;
4) arranging a near infrared spectrum scanning point on a long-distance pipeline to obtain the near infrared spectrum of the oil product in the pipeline at the current moment, and preprocessing the near infrared spectrum of the oil product collected at the current moment and the spectrums of the two types of crude oil received in the step 1);
5) determining decision variables, a target function min (cost) and a constraint condition set COTs, and establishing an optimization method model for analyzing the oil mixing section;
6) optimizing and solving the model in the step 5) to obtain the mixture ratio k of the crude oil at the sampling time pointAAnd kB；
7) If k isAK is not more than 5%BIf the oil mixing rate is more than or equal to 95 percent, judging that the oil mixing is finished, turning to the step 8), otherwise, turning to the step 4);
8) judging whether the crude oil B is followed by the continuously conveyed crude oil C, if so, regarding the crude oils B and C as the crude oils A and B in the step 1), and returning to the step 1) for continuous monitoring; otherwise, ending.
2. The method for finely monitoring the oil mixing section of the crude oil long-distance pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment of the oil near infrared spectrum adopts spectrogram interception and vector normalization:
(1) intercepting 5200-6200 cm-1The wave number band is a spectrum effective area;
(2) and (3) carrying out vector normalization processing on the intercepted spectrum:
in the formula (1), Xi,jIs the absorbance of the ith sample at wavenumber j;
the average value of the absorbance of the ith sample is taken; m is the number of wave number points; xi,j *Represents the absorbance at wavenumber j of the ith sample after vector normalization.
3. The method for finely monitoring the oil mixing section of the long oil transportation pipeline of crude oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time t for the oil mixing section to reach the target oil receiving station is calculatedp：
V in formula (2)TFor the volume flow rate of transfer, l is the length of the pipeline from the first oil-loading station to the target oil-receiving station, and phi is the diameter of the pipeline.
4. The method for finely monitoring the mixed oil section of the long oil pipeline of crude oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed oil section is analyzed in a mixing proportion by an optimization method, decision variables, objective functions min (cost) and constraint condition sets COTs are determined, and an optimization method model is established, wherein:
(1) setting decision variable as the proportion of two kinds of crude oil in the oil mixing section, wherein the decision variable is kAAnd kB；
(2) Set the objective function min (cost) as:
wherein m is the number of wave number points, Xcmb,jRepresents the absorbance, X, of the current oil-mixed sample spectrum at wavenumber jA,jAnd XB,jRepresenting the absorbance of the spectra of two known crude oils at wavenumber j;
(3) setting the constraint set COTs as follows:
kA+kB＝1 (4)
0≤kA≤1 (5)
0≤kB≤1 (6)
5. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time redundancy η is 20%.
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