CN113433003B - Comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slope - Google Patents
Comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN113433003B CN113433003B CN202110663652.3A CN202110663652A CN113433003B CN 113433003 B CN113433003 B CN 113433003B CN 202110663652 A CN202110663652 A CN 202110663652A CN 113433003 B CN113433003 B CN 113433003B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0076—Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
- G01N2203/0085—Compressibility
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive determination method of physical and mechanical parameters of a soft rock and soil slope, which is suitable for in-situ test and comprehensive determination of shear strength, compression modulus and deformation modulus of the soft rock and soil slope. The method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional space grid for a test slope by utilizing a static sounding test principle, obtaining three-dimensional coordinates and a specific penetration resistance value of each node of the three-dimensional space grid, carrying out mechanical partitioning on the test slope through clustering analysis, obtaining a characteristic resistance value of each block, and obtaining the shear strength, the compression modulus and the deformation modulus of each block by adopting corresponding empirical formulas. The physical and mechanical parameters of the side slope obtained by the method are more systematic, comprehensive and reliable, and are more economical compared with the traditional method. By applying the physical and mechanical parameters acquired by the method, engineers can evaluate the slope stability more objectively and accurately, and can carry out treatment work on hidden danger parts in a targeted manner, thereby greatly saving the capital cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slope, belonging to the technical field of rock-soil body testing.
Background
The physical and mechanical parameters of the soft rock and soil slope mainly comprise the shear strength and deformation parameters of the rock and soil mass, and are important basis for analyzing the stability of the rock and soil slope. At present, the physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slope are mainly determined by two modes of indoor test and in-situ test.
The rock-soil body samples need to be obtained from the site in the indoor test, but the structures of the soft rock and the soil body are loose, so that the soft rock and the soil body samples are easily disturbed and damaged in the sampling, packaging and transporting processes, the authenticity of the test result is influenced, the size of the sample is limited by a test instrument, the test result has certain limitation, and the test requirement can not be well met.
The on-site in-situ test detection method is to test the physical and mechanical properties of the soft rock and the soil body at the original positions of the soft rock and the soil body or basically under the in-situ state and stress conditions. At present, in addition to static sounding tests, the field in-situ test method for determining the physical and mechanical properties of soft rock and soil needs combined measurement of multiple in-situ tests if multiple physical and mechanical parameters are measured, so that the test period is long and the cost is high. The traditional static sounding test equipment is heavy and cannot adjust the penetration direction, and is restricted by the field test conditions of soft rock and soil slopes, so that the test is not easy to be carried out on the soft rock and soil slopes.
For the determination method of the physical and mechanical parameters of the soft rock and soil slope, the indoor test and the traditional in-situ test cannot comprehensively determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the whole slope due to the limited number of tests and the relatively dispersed test results, and the mechanical characteristics of each position of the slope are difficult to fully know.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method solves the problem that the prior art can not comprehensively, systematically and reliably determine the physical and mechanical parameters of the soft rock and the soil slope, and realizes mechanical blocking of the soft rock and the soil slope and comprehensive determination of the physical and mechanical parameters of each block.
A comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slopes comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a test side slope, and flattening the slope surface and the slope toe of the test side slope to facilitate the erection of a test device, wherein the test device is a multi-angle injection device for the strength detection of the soft rock and soil side slope;
step 2, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the test side slope, wherein an X axis is an intersection line of a slope surface and a ground plane, a Z axis is vertical to the X axis and is upward vertically, and a Y axis is vertical to a plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis and points to the slope body of the test side slope;
step 4, sequentially erecting a testing device at the intersection point position of the three-dimensional space grid and the slope surface of the testing side slope in the step 3, and performing a penetration test to obtain a specific penetration resistance value F at each node position in the testing side slope;
i, arranging the space coordinates and the specific penetration resistance values of all nodes in sequence to form four-dimensional arrays X, Y, Z and F of all nodes;
II, taking the ratio penetration resistance value F of the four-dimensional arrays obtained in the step I as a variable, classifying the four-dimensional arrays by using a K-means clustering method, wherein a classification index d is the Euclidean distance between the ratio penetration resistance values F of the two four-dimensional arrays, dividing all the four-dimensional arrays into a set of K four-dimensional arrays, wherein K is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5, and K is an integer;
III, taking the four-dimensional arrays in the set obtained in the step II, taking the first three elements X, Y and Z of each four-dimensional array as variables, and classifying the set again by using a hierarchical clustering analysis method to define the same setAny two four-dimensional arrays A (X) in the set 1 ,Y 1 ,Z 1 ,F 1 ) And B (X) 2 ,Y 2 ,Z 2 ,F 2 ) The distance d of the classification index of (a),
wherein a is the distance between the adjacent nodes in the X-axis and Z-axis directions in the step 3
b is the distance between the adjacent nodes in the Y-axis direction in the step 3
Dividing a four-dimensional array in a set into n subsets again, wherein n is a positive integer;
repeating the step III until all the sets obtained in the step II are classified again, and obtaining Q subsets in total, wherein Q is a positive integer;
IV, according to the classification result of the nodes, dividing the test slope into Q blocks, wherein Q is a positive integer;
v, taking the average value of the specific penetration resistance values of all nodes in the ith block body to obtain the characteristic resistance value p of the ith block body i I is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and i is an integer;
VI, substituting the characteristic resistance value p of each block into a corresponding empirical formula according to the type of the soft rock or soil body of the tested side slope i And calculating the physical and mechanical parameters of the ith block.
Further, the empirical formula is:
shear strength C without drainage u (kPa) empirical formula: c u ＝k 1 p i +m 1 ，30≤k 1 ≤70，1≤m 1 ≤5；
Modulus of compression E S (MPa) empirical formula: e S ＝k 2 p i +m 2 ，1≤k 2 ≤10，0≤m 2 ≤5；
Modulus of deformation E 0 (MPa) empirical formula: e 0 ＝k 3 p i +m 3 ，5≤k 3 ≤15，-5≤m 3 ≤5；
Wherein p is i (MPa) is the characteristic resistance value of the ith block in the tested side slope.
k1, k2 and k3 are empirical coefficients, m 1 、m 2 、m 3 Are all empirical parameters.
In a preferred embodiment: the testing device comprises a mechanical structure, an injection device, a control device and a power module, wherein the mechanical structure is used for connecting and fixing the injection device and the control device, and the control device controls the injection device and collects, processes and stores detection data through a computer.
The mechanical structure comprises a vertical supporting frame and a top bracket beam; the top support beam comprises a top connecting beam and a top horizontal beam, one end of the top connecting beam is connected with the top of the vertical support frame through a pin, and the other end of the top connecting beam is welded with the midpoint of the top horizontal beam.
The two ends of the top horizontal beam are provided with spiral supporting legs which are used for adjusting the direction of the main plane of the vertical supporting frame; the bottom of the vertical support frame is provided with a movable support leg which is connected with the bottom of the vertical support frame through a bolt; a height adjusting guide rail is arranged in the axial line direction of the vertical support frame, grooves are formed in two sides of the height adjusting guide rail, a clamping groove is formed in the middle of the height adjusting guide rail, and the tail end of the penetration device is embedded in the grooves in the two sides of the height adjusting guide rail and can move up and down along the height adjusting guide rail; and a clamping groove pull rod is arranged in the middle of the tail end of the injection device and used for fixing the tail end of the injection device at any height of the vertical support frame.
The penetration device comprises a probe, a probe rod, a stepping motor, a sliding table, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; the stepping motor provides power for the penetration device and can enable the sliding table to move along the axial direction of the penetration device; a pressure sensor is arranged in front of the sliding table, one end of the pressure sensor is fixed at the front part of the sliding table and used for measuring penetration resistance data, and a probe rod fixing groove is formed in the other end of the pressure sensor; the probe rod fixing groove is an arc-shaped groove, and a fixing screw is arranged on the side wall of the probe rod fixing groove and used for fixedly connecting the probe rod with the probe rod fixing groove; the front end of the probe rod is provided with a probe which is fixedly connected with the probe rod through threads; the side face of the sliding table is provided with a displacement sensor, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the sliding table, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the tail end of the injection device and used for measuring injection depth data.
The control device comprises a mounting panel, a computer and a stepping motor controller; the vertical support frame is provided with an installation panel, the installation panel is a fixed platform, and the computer and the stepping motor controller are fixed through bolts and buckles; the stepping motor controller is connected with the stepping motor through a lead, and the computer is connected with the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor and the power module through leads.
And the power supply module is connected with the penetration device and the control device through a lead to supply power for the whole device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the principle of traditional static sounding, estimates and tests physical and mechanical parameters of each block of the side slope according to the specific penetration resistance, and is more systematic, comprehensive and economical compared with indoor tests and traditional in-situ tests.
(2) According to the invention, a three-dimensional space grid is established for the test slope, three-dimensional coordinates and specific penetration resistance values at all nodes of the three-dimensional space grid are obtained, the test slope is subjected to mechanical partitioning through cluster analysis, the characteristic resistance value of each block is obtained, and the shear strength, the compression modulus and the deformation modulus of each block can be obtained by adopting corresponding empirical formulas. Compared with the conventional method for determining the physical and mechanical parameters of the side slope, the method is more comprehensive and reliable in consideration, the mechanical characteristics of each position of the tested side slope can be fully known by partitioning the whole tested side slope, an engineer can objectively and accurately evaluate the stability of the side slope by applying the physical and mechanical parameters of each block of the side slope, the engineering can pertinently perform treatment work on the hidden danger parts, and the capital cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system according to a test slope and mechanically partitioning the test slope.
FIG. 2 is a structural view of the test apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure, the horizontal beam at the top 1, the connecting beam at the top 2, the control device 3, the penetration device 4, the stepping motor 5, the vertical supporting frame 6, the height adjusting guide rail 7, the spiral supporting leg 8, the movable supporting leg 9, the probe rod 10, the probe 11, the probe 12 and the sliding table are arranged.
In the figure, 001-010 is the result of mechanical partitioning of the test slope, and engineers can carry out targeted treatment work on hidden danger blocks according to mechanical parameters of different blocks. a is the distance between adjacent nodes in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
step 1, selecting a testing side slope, flattening the slope surface and the slope toe of the testing side slope, and conveniently erecting a testing device, wherein the testing device is a multi-angle injection device for detecting the strength of the soft rock and soil side slope.
And 2, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the test side slope, wherein the X axis is the intersection line of the slope surface and the ground plane, the Z axis is vertical to the X axis and upwards, and the Y axis is vertical to the plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis and points to the slope body of the test side slope, as shown in figure 1.
And 3, establishing a three-dimensional space grid in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in the step 2, and establishing a space lattice by using each node of the three-dimensional space grid, wherein the distance between adjacent nodes in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction is 40cm, and the distance between adjacent nodes in the Y-axis direction is 10cm.
And 4, sequentially erecting a testing device at the intersection point position of the three-dimensional space grid and the slope surface of the side slope in the step 3, and performing penetration testing to obtain a specific penetration resistance value F at each node position.
As shown in fig. 2, the measuring device includes a mechanical structure, a penetration device, a control device, and a power source.
The mechanical structure comprises a vertical support frame 6 and a top support beam 1; the top support beam comprises a top connecting beam 2 and a top horizontal beam 1, one end of the top connecting beam 2 is connected with the top of the vertical support frame 6 through a pin, and the other end of the top connecting beam 2 is welded with the midpoint of the top horizontal beam 1; the top horizontal beam 1 is parallel to the cross bar of the vertical support frame 6.
Two ends of the top horizontal beam 1 are provided with spiral support legs 8, and the spiral support legs 8 are used for adjusting the main plane of the vertical support frame to be parallel to the slope surface of the test slope; the bottom of the vertical support frame is connected with a movable supporting leg 9 through a bolt, a height adjusting guide rail 7 is arranged in the central axis direction of the vertical support frame, grooves are formed in two sides of the height adjusting guide rail 7, and a clamping groove is formed in the middle of the height adjusting guide rail.
The penetration device 4 comprises a probe 11, a probe rod 10 and a stepping motor 5.
The tail end of the penetration device 4 is embedded in the grooves at the two sides of the height adjusting guide rail 7, and the penetration device 4 can move up and down along the height adjusting guide rail 7; the middle part of the tail end of the injection device 4 is provided with a clamping groove pull rod for fixing the tail end of the injection device at any height of the vertical supporting frame;
a pressure sensor is arranged in front of the sliding table 12, one end of the pressure sensor is fixed on the front face of the sliding table, and the other end of the pressure sensor is provided with a probe rod fixing groove.
And a displacement sensor is arranged on the side surface of the sliding table, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the sliding table, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the rear part of the penetration guide rail and is used for measuring the relative displacement of the sliding table.
The probe rod fixing groove is an arc-shaped groove, a fixing screw is arranged on the side wall of the probe rod fixing groove, and the fixing screw is used for fixedly connecting the probe rod with the probe rod fixing groove.
The front end of the probe rod 10 is provided with a probe 11, and the probe is fixedly connected with the probe rod through threads.
The control device 3 comprises a mounting panel, a computer and a stepping motor controller.
The mechanical structure is used for connecting and fixing the penetration device part and the control device part, and the computer realizes the control of the mechanical structure part and the penetration device part and the collection, processing and storage of detection data through the control panel.
And 5, processing the test data and comprehensively determining the physical and mechanical parameters of the slope.
Step 501, arranging the spatial coordinates and the specific penetration resistance values of the nodes in sequence to form a four-dimensional array (X, Y, Z and F) of the nodes, as shown in Table 1;
step 502, taking the ratio penetration resistance value F of the four-dimensional arrays obtained in step 501 as a variable, and classifying by using a K-means clustering method, wherein a classification index d is a euclidean distance between the ratio penetration resistance values F of two four-dimensional arrays, and all the four-dimensional arrays are divided into 4 sets of four-dimensional arrays, and the clustering centers of the sets are 0.573, 1.312, 2.089 and 2.936 respectively.
Step 503, taking the four-dimensional arrays in the set obtained in step 502, reclassifying the set by using the first three elements X, Y and Z of each four-dimensional array as variables and applying a hierarchical clustering analysis method, and defining any two four-dimensional arrays A (X) in the same set 1 ,Y 1 ,Z 1 ,F 1 ) And B (X) 2 ,Y 2 ,Z 2 ,F 2 ) The distance d of the classification index of (a),
dividing a four-dimensional array in a set into n subsets again, wherein n is a positive integer;
repeating the step 503 until all the sets obtained in the step 502 are classified again, and obtaining 10 subsets in total as shown in table 2;
step 504, according to the classification result of the nodes, the test slope may be divided into 10 blocks, as shown in fig. 1.
Step 505, taking the average value of the specific penetration resistance values of all nodes in the same block to obtain the characteristic resistance value of each block:
p 1 ＝0.573，p 2 ＝1.302，p 3 ＝1.971，p 4 ＝1.331，p 5 ＝2.189，p 6 ＝2.751，p 7 ＝1.278，p 8 ＝2.087,p 9 ＝2.797，p 10 ＝3.653。
step 506, selecting the following empirical formula for the new loess according to the test slope:
shear strength C without drainage u Empirical formula: c u ＝40p i +2; units (kPa);
modulus of compression E S Empirical formula: e S ＝3.57p i +1.54; unit of(MPa)；
Modulus of deformation E 0 (MPa) empirical formula: e 0 ＝9.79p i -2.63; units (MPa);
wherein p is i The characteristic resistance value (unit is MPa) of each side slope block is used, and the physical and mechanical parameters of each side slope block can be calculated by utilizing the characteristic resistance value of each side slope block.
The calculation result of the physical and mechanical parameters of the side slope blocks is as follows:
the testing device comprises a mechanical structure, an injection device, a control device and a power module, wherein the mechanical structure is used for connecting and fixing the injection device and the control device, and the control device controls the injection device and collects, processes and stores detection data through a computer.
The mechanical structure comprises a vertical supporting frame and a top bracket beam; the top support beam comprises a top connecting beam and a top horizontal beam, one end of the top connecting beam is connected with the top of the vertical support frame through a pin, and the other end of the top connecting beam is welded with the midpoint of the top horizontal beam.
Two ends of the top horizontal cross beam are provided with spiral support legs which are used for adjusting the direction of the main plane of the vertical support frame; the bottom of the vertical support frame is provided with a movable support leg which is connected with the bottom of the vertical support frame through a bolt; a height adjusting guide rail is arranged in the axial line direction of the vertical support frame, grooves are formed in two sides of the height adjusting guide rail, a clamping groove is formed in the middle of the height adjusting guide rail, and the tail end of the penetration device is embedded in the grooves in the two sides of the height adjusting guide rail and can move up and down along the height adjusting guide rail; and a clamping groove pull rod is arranged in the middle of the tail end of the injection device and used for fixing the tail end of the injection device at any height of the vertical support frame.
The penetration device comprises a probe, a probe rod, a stepping motor, a sliding table, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; the stepping motor provides power for the penetration device and can enable the sliding table to move along the axial direction of the penetration device; a pressure sensor is arranged in front of the sliding table, one end of the pressure sensor is fixed at the front part of the sliding table and used for measuring injection resistance data, and a probe rod fixing groove is formed in the other end of the pressure sensor; the probe rod fixing groove is an arc-shaped groove, and a fixing screw is arranged on the side wall of the probe rod fixing groove and used for fixedly connecting the probe rod with the probe rod fixing groove; the front end of the probe rod is provided with a probe which is fixedly connected with the probe rod through threads; the side face of the sliding table is provided with a displacement sensor, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the sliding table, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the tail end of the injection device and used for measuring injection depth data.
The control device comprises an installation panel, a computer and a stepping motor controller; the vertical support frame is provided with an installation panel, the installation panel is a fixed platform, and the computer and the stepping motor controller are fixed through bolts and buckles; the stepping motor controller is connected with the stepping motor through a lead, and the computer is connected with the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor and the power module through leads.
And the power supply module is connected with the penetration device and the control device through a lead to supply power for the whole device.
The four-dimensional array described in step 501 is as follows:
TABLE 1 four-dimensional array table
The test slope partitioning results are as follows:
TABLE 2 results of the classification
Claims (2)
1. A comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slopes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting a test side slope, and flattening the slope surface and slope toe of the test side slope;
step 2, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system for the test side slope, wherein an X axis is an intersection line of a slope surface and a ground plane, a Z axis is vertical to the X axis and is upward vertically, and a Y axis is vertical to a plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis and points to the slope body of the test side slope;
step 3, establishing a three-dimensional space grid in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in the step 2, and establishing a space lattice by using each node of the three-dimensional space grid, wherein the distance between adjacent nodes in the X-axis and Z-axis directions is a, the distance between adjacent nodes in the Y-axis direction is b, a is more than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 50cm, and b is more than or equal to 5cm and less than or equal to 20cm;
step 4, sequentially erecting a testing device at the intersection point position of the three-dimensional space grid and the slope surface of the testing slope in the step 3, and performing penetration testing to obtain a specific penetration resistance value F at each node position in the testing slope;
step 5, processing the test data and comprehensively determining the physical and mechanical parameters of the side slope;
i, arranging the space coordinates and the specific penetration resistance values of all nodes in sequence to form a four-dimensional array of all nodes;
II, taking the ratio penetration resistance value F of the four-dimensional arrays obtained in the step I as a variable, classifying the four-dimensional arrays by using a K-means clustering method, wherein a classification index d is the Euclidean distance between the ratio penetration resistance values F of the two four-dimensional arrays, dividing all the four-dimensional arrays into K sets of four-dimensional arrays, K is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5, and K is an integer;
III, taking the four-dimensional arrays in the set obtained in the step II, taking the first three elements X, Y and Z of each four-dimensional array as variables, and classifying the set again by using a hierarchical clustering analysis method to define any two four-dimensional arrays A (X) in the same set 1 ,Y 1 ,Z 1 ,F 1 ) And B (X) 2 ,Y 2 ,Z 2 ,F 2 ) The distance d of the classification index of (a),
wherein a is the distance between the adjacent nodes in the X-axis and Z-axis directions in the step 3
b is the distance between adjacent nodes in the Y-axis direction in the step 3
Dividing a four-dimensional array in a set into n subsets again, wherein n is a positive integer;
repeating the step III until all the sets obtained in the step II are classified again, and obtaining Q subsets in total, wherein Q is a positive integer;
IV, dividing the test slope into Q blocks according to the classification result of the nodes;
v, taking the average value of the specific penetration resistance values of all nodes in the ith block body to obtain the characteristic resistance value p of the ith block body i I is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Q, and i is an integer;
VI, substituting the characteristics of each block body into corresponding empirical formulas according to the types of the soft rock or soil body of the tested side slopeResistance value p i Calculating to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the ith block; the empirical formula is as follows:
shear strength C without drainage u In kPa; empirical formula: c u =k 1 p i +m 1 ，30≤k 1 ≤70，1≤m 1 ≤5；
Modulus of compression E S The unit is MPa; empirical formula: e S =k 2 p i +m 2 ，1≤k 2 ≤10，0≤m 2 ≤5；
Modulus of deformation E 0 The unit is MPa; empirical formula: e 0 =k 3 p i +m 3 ，5≤k 3 ≤15，-5≤m 3 ≤5；
Wherein p is i The characteristic resistance value of the ith block in the slope is tested, and the unit is MPa;
k 1 、k 2 、k 3 are all empirical coefficients, m 1 、m 2、 m 3 Are all empirical parameters.
2. The comprehensive determination method for the physical and mechanical parameters of the soft rock and soil slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that the testing device comprises a mechanical structure, a penetration device, a control device and a power module, the fixed penetration device is connected with the control device through the mechanical structure, and the control device realizes the control of the penetration device and the collection, processing and storage of detection data through a computer;
the mechanical structure comprises a vertical supporting frame and a top bracket beam; the top support beam comprises a top connecting beam and a top horizontal beam, one end of the top connecting beam is connected with the vertical support frame, and the other end of the top connecting beam is welded with the top horizontal beam;
the two ends of the top horizontal beam are provided with spiral supporting legs which are used for adjusting the direction of the main plane of the vertical supporting frame; the bottom of the vertical support frame is provided with a movable support leg, and the movable support leg is connected with the bottom of the vertical support frame through a bolt; a height adjusting guide rail is arranged in the axial line direction of the vertical support frame, grooves are formed in two sides of the height adjusting guide rail, a clamping groove is formed in the middle of the height adjusting guide rail, and the tail end of the injection device is embedded in the grooves in the two sides of the height adjusting guide rail and can move up and down along the height adjusting guide rail; the middle part of the tail end of the injection device is provided with a clamping groove pull rod, and the clamping groove pull rod is used for fixing the tail end of the injection device at any height of the vertical supporting frame;
the penetration device comprises a probe, a probe rod, a stepping motor, a sliding table, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; the stepping motor provides power for the penetration device and can enable the sliding table to move along the axial direction of the penetration device; a pressure sensor is arranged in front of the sliding table, one end of the pressure sensor is fixed at the front part of the sliding table and used for measuring penetration resistance data, and a probe rod fixing groove is formed in the other end of the pressure sensor; the probe rod fixing groove is an arc-shaped groove, and a fixing screw is arranged on the side wall of the probe rod fixing groove and used for fixedly connecting the probe rod with the probe rod fixing groove; the front end of the probe rod is provided with a probe which is fixedly connected with the probe rod through threads; a displacement sensor for measuring penetration depth data is arranged on the side surface of the sliding table, one end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the sliding table, and the other end of the displacement sensor is fixed with the tail end of the penetration device;
the control device comprises an installation panel, a computer and a stepping motor controller; the vertical support frame is provided with an installation panel, the installation panel is a fixed platform, and the installation panel fixes the computer and the stepping motor controller through bolts and buckles; the stepping motor controller is connected with the stepping motor through a lead, and the computer is connected with the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor and the power module through leads; the power module is connected with the injection device and the control device through a lead, and the power module supplies power for the whole device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110663652.3A CN113433003B (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Comprehensive determination method for physical and mechanical parameters of soft rock and soil slope |
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