CN113432832B - Test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of marine pipeline - Google Patents
Test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of marine pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN113432832B CN113432832B CN202110701533.2A CN202110701533A CN113432832B CN 113432832 B CN113432832 B CN 113432832B CN 202110701533 A CN202110701533 A CN 202110701533A CN 113432832 B CN113432832 B CN 113432832B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of a marine pipeline, which comprises a pipe sleeve, a connecting mechanism, a vibration damping mechanism, a flow guide grid and a self-contained hydrophone, wherein the pipe sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the marine pipeline; this test device for measuring marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise, acoustic near field effect because of hydrophone and submarine pipeline distance is not enough brought among the conventional test method has been avoided, utilize the water conservancy diversion bars to eliminate the influence of the big vortex group pulsating pressure that the hydrophone received, the low frequency interference because of outside ocean current brings in the test procedure has been reduced, adopt the design of damping mechanism, make marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise's normalization more accurate, measuring result is more reliable, provide technical support for marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise's experimental measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of an ocean pipeline, and belongs to the field of acoustic measurement.
Background
At present, flow-induced noise generated by the excitation of an ocean pipeline under the condition of internal oil flow, air flow and multi-phase medium of the oil flow and the air flow and vortex-induced noise generated by the excitation of an external ocean current are concerned, because the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise can influence the navigation and detection capabilities of underwater vehicles, UUV and the like working nearby, but it is very difficult to accurately measure the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the ocean pipeline. The concrete points are as follows:
firstly, the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline are usually smaller in magnitude, because the flow velocity flowing inside the marine pipeline is generally not more than 2m/s, the flow velocity of ocean currents outside the marine pipeline is generally not more than 2m/s, the magnitude of the flow-induced noise and the magnitude of the vortex-induced noise are not greatly different from that of background noise under the condition of the flow velocity, namely the signal-to-noise ratio is very low;
secondly, the hydrophone is very easy to be affected by turbulent pulsating pressure during the measurement process of flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline, namely, pseudo sound is output, because the volume of the hydrophone is limited, high-frequency components of a wave number-frequency spectrum have good averaging and filtering effects, namely, the capability of reducing the high-frequency part of the pseudo sound is good, and low-frequency components have very limited averaging effect on the surface of the hydrophone because of large vortex and small wave number, so that extremely strong low-frequency interference is brought to measurement signals;
thirdly, the ocean current near the ocean pipeline changes constantly and is blocked by the ocean pipeline, so that the state of the ocean current distribution changes constantly, and if a hydrophone used for measurement cannot change along with the state of the ocean pipeline in the ocean current, the measurement result is inaccurate, for example, when the hydrophone is directly impacted by the ocean current, a high electric signal is output;
finally, if the position of the hydrophone relative to the marine pipeline is deviated in the acquisition process, the acoustic pressure level of the marine pipeline flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise is reduced to cause a problem, and the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline cannot be accurately estimated.
In the past, the research on marine pipelines mostly focuses on the aspects of petroleum wax precipitation process, pipeline corrosion resistance and the like, and few or no problems of measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of marine pipelines are concerned, so that the research on the aspects is few.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of an ocean pipeline.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the self-contained type hydrophone comprises a pipe sleeve, a connecting mechanism, a vibration damping mechanism, a flow guide grid and a self-contained type hydrophone, wherein the pipe sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the marine pipeline, one end of the connecting mechanism is placed in the pipe sleeve, the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism, the vibration damping mechanism is connected with the flow guide grid, and the self-contained type hydrophone is placed in the flow guide grid.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the pipe sleeve is of a circular structure, the pipe sleeve is hollow, balls are placed in the pipe sleeve, and the outer surface of the pipe sleeve is provided with a groove.
2. One end of the head of the connecting mechanism is spherical and is embedded into the pipe sleeve, the middle part of the connecting mechanism is a thin wing type with smooth transition, the middle part of the connecting mechanism is hollow, and one end of the tail of the connecting mechanism is cylindrical.
3. The vibration damping mechanism is cylindrical, a plastic bearing is arranged at one end outside the vibration damping mechanism, and the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism, namely the tail end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism through the plastic bearing; the other end of the vibration damping mechanism is provided with a through hole, a spring is arranged in the vibration damping mechanism, a clamping ring is arranged in the middle of the spring, a connecting rod on the clamping ring is connected with the flow guide grid through the through hole at the other end of the vibration damping mechanism, and the outer surface of the vibration damping mechanism is of a hollow structure.
4. The guide grid comprises a fixed rod and grids uniformly arranged on the fixed rod, and the whole guide grid is in a mesh cage configuration with two conical ends and a cylindrical middle part; the front part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the middle part of each grid is of a thin-sheet wing type with smooth transition, the tail part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the outer side of the middle part of each grid is of the tail edge of each thin-sheet wing type, and the inner side of the middle part of each grid is of the head part of each thin-sheet wing type; a cavity is formed in the interior of the grid.
5. The self-contained hydrophone is arranged on the fixed rod in the flow guide grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the pipe sleeve is installed on the surface of the marine pipeline, one end of the connecting mechanism is embedded into the pipe sleeve and can slide in the pipe sleeve, the thin wing structure of the connecting mechanism can move under the action of external ocean current, and meanwhile, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone are driven to move, so that the connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone are always positioned downstream of the marine pipeline under the action of ocean current impact, the impact of the incoming current on the connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone is relieved, and the generation of hydrodynamic noise is reduced; secondly, the plastic bearing at the front end of the vibration reduction mechanism can enable the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone to rotate under the action of incoming flow, so that the torque action of turbulent flow in ocean current on the flow guide grid is well reduced; thirdly, a spring in the vibration damping mechanism is used as a 'mass-spring' structure, so that the periodic oscillation of the ocean pipeline when the Karman vortex street phenomenon is generated due to the excitation of ocean current can be attenuated, and the low-frequency interference generated by the self-contained hydrophone due to the oscillation action in the process of receiving the acoustic signal is reduced; finally, when the large vortex masses flow on the surface of the hydrophone, the hydrophone has small volume and limited average effect on low wave number components in a frequency-wave number spectrum, so that strong low frequency components exist in signals output by the hydrophone in measurement, high low frequency interference is caused, the incoming flow can be damaged by the thin wing structure on the surface of the flow guide grid to form extremely small vortex masses, low frequency components caused by the large vortex masses can disappear, and signals output by the self-contained hydrophone are not interfered by the low frequency components.
The connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone are basically in a suspended state in water and are not influenced by the gravity of the self-contained hydrophone, so that distance parameters are simpler when flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline are reduced, and the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise generated by the marine pipeline can be accurately reduced according to a cylindrical wave expansion rule; secondly, although the connection of the connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone is subjected to elastic treatment, distance reduction can be still performed according to a rigid connecting structure, and the measured flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise can be accurately calibrated conveniently; thirdly, the marine pipeline flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise are collected by adopting the connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone, so that the hydrophone is positioned in a far field region for noise measurement, the near field effect of the marine pipeline flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise is avoided, and the measurement result and estimation are accurate; finally, the sizes of the connecting mechanism, the vibration reduction mechanism and the flow guide grid in the invention can be adjusted according to the intensities of the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline, when the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise are stronger, the self-contained hydrophone can be far away from the marine pipeline by adopting a larger size, and when the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise are weaker, the self-contained hydrophone can be close to the marine pipeline by adopting a smaller size, so that the signal-to-noise ratio requirement in the measurement process is met, the problem of insufficient signal-to-noise ratio under the acoustic absolute far field condition is avoided, and the invention has better signal-to-noise ratio adjusting capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a test apparatus for measuring flow induced noise and vortex induced noise of an ocean pipeline;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the connection mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a grid in a flow grid;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a grid in the flow fence;
wherein, 10 is an ocean pipeline, 1 is a pipe sleeve, 11 is a ball, 2 is a connecting mechanism, 21 is a head, 22 is a middle part, 23 is a tail end, 24 is a cavity, 3 is a vibration damping mechanism, 31 is a plastic bearing, 32 is a spring, 33 is a snap ring, 34 is a connecting rod, 35 is a shell, 36 is a cavity, 4 is a flow guide grid, 41 is a grid, 42 is a cavity, 43 is a fixed rod, and 5 is a self-contained hydrophone.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1 to 4, the test device for measuring flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline of the invention comprises a pipe sleeve 1, a connecting mechanism 2, a vibration damping mechanism 3, a flow guide fence 4 and a self-contained hydrophone 5, wherein the pipe sleeve 1 is positioned outside the marine pipeline 10, a head 21 of the connecting mechanism 2 is placed in the pipe sleeve 1, a tail end 23 of the connecting mechanism 2 is connected with a plastic bearing 31 of the vibration damping mechanism 3, a connecting rod 34 of the vibration damping mechanism 3 is connected with one end of the flow guide fence 4, and the self-contained hydrophone 5 is placed in the flow guide fence 4.
The pipe sleeve is of a circular structure, the pipe sleeve is hollow, balls are placed in the pipe sleeve, and the outer surface of the pipe sleeve is provided with a groove; the pipe sleeve 1 is made of stainless steel, the inner diameter of the pipe sleeve 1 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the marine pipeline 10 so that the pipe sleeve 1 is reliably fastened outside the marine pipeline 10, a plurality of slideways formed by balls 11 are arranged inside the pipe sleeve 1, the outer side of the pipe sleeve 1 is grooved, and the head part 21 of the connecting mechanism 2 can be placed inside the pipe sleeve 1 and can freely slide in the slideways formed by the balls 11.
One end of the connecting mechanism is spherical and is embedded into the pipe sleeve, the interior of the middle part of the connecting mechanism is hollow, the middle part of the connecting mechanism is a smooth transitional thin wing type, the other end of the connecting mechanism is cylindrical, and the connecting mechanism is in a suspended state in water; the connecting mechanism 2 is made of high-density polyurethane, the connecting mechanism 2 is composed of a head 21, a middle 22, a tail 23 and a cavity 24, the head 21 is of a homogeneous sphere shape, the middle 22 is of a smooth transition thin wing type, the joint of the middle 22 and the head 21 is the front edge of the thin wing type, the joint of the middle 22 and the tail 23 is the tail edge of the thin wing type, the thin wing type is NACA0021 in structure, the cavity 24 is formed in the middle 22, the tail 23 is of a homogeneous cylinder shape, and in the stamping forming process, the total gravity and buoyancy are calculated according to the volumes of the head 21, the middle 22 and the tail 23, and the volume of the cavity 24 is designed to be in a suspension state in water.
The damping mechanism is cylindrical, a plastic bearing is arranged at one end outside the damping mechanism, a through hole is formed in the other end of the damping mechanism, a spring is arranged inside the damping mechanism, a clamping ring is arranged in the middle of the spring, a connecting rod on the clamping ring is connected with the flow guide grid through the through hole in the other end of the damping mechanism, the outer surface of the damping mechanism is of a hollow structure, and the damping mechanism is in a suspension state in water; the damping mechanism 3 is composed of a plastic bearing 31, a spring 32, a clamping ring 33, a connecting rod 34, a shell 35 and a cavity 36, the damping mechanism 3 is in a double-layer cylindrical shell structure and is made of carbon fiber materials, the plastic bearing 31 is installed on the front portion of the damping mechanism 3, the spring 32 is installed inside the damping mechanism 3, the spring 32 is made of stainless steel, the clamping ring 33 is placed in the middle of the spring 32, the clamping ring 33 is made of stainless steel, one end of the connecting rod 34 is connected with the clamping ring 33, the other end of the connecting rod 34 penetrates through a through hole in one end of the double-layer cylindrical shell to be connected with one end of the flow guide grid 4, the shell 35 is in a double-layer sealing structure, the cavity 36 is formed inside, buoyancy generated by the cavity 36 in water can better balance the gravity of the damping mechanism 3, and the damping mechanism 3 is in a suspension state in the water.
The two ends of the flow guide grid are in conical structures, the middle part of the flow guide grid is in a cylindrical structure, a fixing rod is arranged on the axis, grid bars of the flow guide grid are in a thin wing shape in smooth transition, the flow guide grid is hollow, and one end of the flow guide grid is connected with a connecting rod of a vibration damping mechanism; the flow guiding fence 4 comprises a grid 41, a cavity 42 and a fixing rod 43, the front part of the flow guiding fence 4 is in a conical configuration, the middle part of the flow guiding fence 4 is in a cylindrical configuration, the tail part of the flow guiding fence is in a conical configuration, the grid 41 is made of polyurethane, the front part of the grid 41 is in a thin-sheet structure, the middle part of the grid 41 is in a thin-sheet-type transition thin-sheet shape, the outer side of the middle part of the grid 41 is the tail edge of the thin-sheet-type shape, the inner side of the middle part of the grid 41 is the head part of the thin-sheet-type shape, the line type of the thin-sheet-type shape is NACA0021, the tail part of the grid 41 is in a thin-sheet structure, the cavity 42 is formed inside the grid 41, the fixing rod 43 is in a wood structure, the fixing rod 43 is used as a shaft, and the grid 41 is installed on the fixing rod 43 to form a mesh cage configuration.
The self-contained hydrophone is arranged on the fixed rod in the flow guide grid; after the self-contained hydrophone is arranged in the flow guide grid, the flow guide grid and the self-contained hydrophone are in a suspended state in water; the self-contained hydrophone 5 is a U-6 self-contained hydrophone, is a self-contained, single-node and miniaturized signal comprehensive monitoring device, and can effectively overcome the defects that the traditional submerged buoy has long laying time, a complex recovery mode and is easily influenced by weather. The main characteristics are as follows: the continuous sampling rate reaches 128kHz,128GB high-capacity high-density storage medium, the power consumption is low, the working time can reach 1 year, the rapid assembly is realized, the hydrophone vibration reduction design is adopted, and the working water depth of the system reaches 6000 meters.
According to the gravity of the self-contained hydrophone 5 in water, the buoyancy force required to be provided by the flow guide grid 4 is calculated, the number of the grids 41 is adjusted, and the flow guide grid 4 and the self-contained hydrophone 5 are ensured to be in a suspension state in water.
Utilize the test device of measurement marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise that this embodiment was made, flow induced noise and vortex induced noise to marine pipeline have been measured in muddy water sea area, and marine pipeline's internal diameter is 50mm, and marine pipeline's external diameter is 86mm, is made by multilayer rubber layer complex, and the inside maximum flow velocity of marine pipeline in the experiment is 2.0m/s, and the velocity of flow of ocean current is about 0.1m/s, finds through the test: the total sound level of the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline increases along with the increase of the incoming flow, and is approximately in a linear change relationship, and is about 1.22dB/0.1 (m/s).
In summary, the invention comprises a pipe sleeve, a connecting mechanism, a vibration damping mechanism, a flow guide grid and a self-contained hydrophone, wherein the pipe sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the marine pipeline, one end of the connecting mechanism is arranged in the pipe sleeve, the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism, the vibration damping mechanism is connected with the flow guide grid, and the self-contained hydrophone is arranged in the flow guide grid; this test device for measuring marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise, acoustic near field effect because of hydrophone and submarine pipeline distance is not enough brought among the conventional test method has been avoided, utilize the water conservancy diversion bars to eliminate the influence of the big vortex group pulsating pressure that the hydrophone received, the low frequency interference because of outside ocean current brings in the test procedure has been reduced, adopt the design of damping mechanism, make marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise's normalization more accurate, measuring result is more reliable, provide technical support for marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex induced noise's experimental measurement.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a measure test device of marine pipeline flow induced noise and vortex-induced noise which characterized in that: the device comprises a pipe sleeve, a connecting mechanism, a vibration damping mechanism, a flow guide grid and a self-contained hydrophone, wherein the pipe sleeve is arranged on the outer surface of the marine pipeline; the vibration damping mechanism is cylindrical, a plastic bearing is arranged at one end outside the vibration damping mechanism, and the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism, namely the tail end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the vibration damping mechanism through the plastic bearing; the other end of the vibration damping mechanism is provided with a through hole, a spring is arranged in the vibration damping mechanism, a clamping ring is arranged in the middle of the spring, a connecting rod on the clamping ring is connected with the flow guide grid through the through hole at the other end of the vibration damping mechanism, and the outer surface of the vibration damping mechanism is of a hollow structure.
2. The test device for measuring the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the pipe sleeve is of a circular structure, the pipe sleeve is hollow, balls are placed in the pipe sleeve, and the outer surface of the pipe sleeve is provided with a groove.
3. A test device for measuring marine pipeline flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: one end of the head of the connecting mechanism is spherical and is embedded into the pipe sleeve, the middle part of the connecting mechanism is a thin wing type with smooth transition, the middle part of the connecting mechanism is hollow, and one end of the tail of the connecting mechanism is cylindrical.
4. A test device for measuring marine pipeline flow-induced noise and vortex-induced noise according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the guide grid comprises a fixed rod and grids uniformly arranged on the fixed rod, and the whole guide grid is in a mesh cage configuration with two conical ends and a cylindrical middle part; the front part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the middle part of each grid is of a thin-sheet wing type with smooth transition, the tail part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the outer side of the middle part of each grid is of the tail edge of each thin-sheet wing type, and the inner side of the middle part of each grid is of the head part of each thin-sheet wing type; a cavity is formed in the interior of the grid.
5. The test device for measuring the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline according to claim 3, wherein: the guide grid comprises a fixed rod and grids uniformly arranged on the fixed rod, and the whole guide grid is in a mesh cage configuration with two conical ends and a cylindrical middle part; the front part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the middle part of each grid is of a thin-sheet wing type with smooth transition, the tail part of each grid is of a thin-sheet structure, the outer side of the middle part of each grid is of the tail edge of each thin-sheet wing type, and the inner side of the middle part of each grid is of the head part of each thin-sheet wing type; a cavity is formed in the interior of the grid.
6. The test device for measuring the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline according to claim 4, wherein: the self-contained hydrophone is arranged on the fixed rod in the flow guide grid.
7. The test device for measuring the flow-induced noise and the vortex-induced noise of the marine pipeline according to claim 5, wherein: the self-contained hydrophone is arranged on the fixed rod in the flow guide grid.
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