CN113432576A - Titanium alloy thin-wall component differential temperature forming resilience testing device and method - Google Patents
Titanium alloy thin-wall component differential temperature forming resilience testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113432576A CN113432576A CN202110669966.4A CN202110669966A CN113432576A CN 113432576 A CN113432576 A CN 113432576A CN 202110669966 A CN202110669966 A CN 202110669966A CN 113432576 A CN113432576 A CN 113432576A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000156978 Erebia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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Abstract
A titanium alloy thin-wall component differential temperature forming resilience testing device and method belong to the field of machine manufacturing. The traditional titanium alloy is mostly carried out under the room temperature condition or the isothermal condition when the resilience test is carried out, however, when the titanium alloy thin-wall component is formed by adopting the non-isothermal forming process, the existing method cannot measure the resilience. The invention provides a device and a method for testing differential temperature forming resilience of a titanium alloy thin-wall component, which realize resilience testing under different differential temperature conditions by respectively heating and controlling the temperature of a deformation die and a plate, wherein a heating fixture (2) and a fastening structure (3) are arranged in a containing cavity of a fastening groove (1), and one side of 2 groups of heating fixtures (2) is clamped with the plate (8); the female die (4) is positioned below the plate (8), the female die (4) is placed in the female die fixing groove (5), and the heat insulation plate (6) is wrapped outside the female die fixing groove (5); the punch (7) is positioned above the plate (8). The device is simple to operate and the method has strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing differential temperature forming resilience of a titanium alloy thin-wall component.
Background
The titanium alloy has the characteristics of high specific strength, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and the like, and is widely applied to structural members in the fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like. In recent years, rapid development of high-end equipment such as aerospace, automobiles and the like, particularly development of advanced airplanes, ships, spacecrafts and the like, has made increasingly higher requirements on performance, precision, forming efficiency and cost of titanium alloy thin-wall components.
However, the titanium alloy has poor plasticity at normal temperature, small elastic modulus and high yield strength, and reflects that the rebound quantity of a room-temperature formed part is large, so that the geometric precision of the part is greatly influenced, the assembly process of the products such as airplanes and automobiles is seriously influenced, and the use of the titanium alloy is greatly limited. Therefore, the titanium alloy is usually formed by hot forming, but when the traditional isothermal hot forming is adopted, the heating time of a die is extremely long, and the energy consumption is high. Therefore, in order to improve the heating and forming efficiency, a differential temperature forming method, i.e., a high blank temperature and a low mold temperature, may be used. Because the blank is a thin plate, the temperature rising speed is high, and the heating efficiency can be obviously improved. Meanwhile, the structure performance can be more flexibly controlled by differential temperature forming, for example, according to the specific performance requirements of the component, the deformation temperature and the cooling rate can be changed by designing different plate materials and mold temperatures, so that different structures can be obtained. However, in the differential temperature forming process of the titanium alloy thin-wall part, due to the fact that the temperature of the die is lower, compared with isothermal forming, springback is an urgent problem to be solved. However, the traditional springback test method such as three-point bending is generally carried out under room temperature condition or isothermal condition, and the springback performance under differential temperature condition cannot be measured. Therefore, the invention provides a device and a method for testing differential temperature forming resilience of a titanium alloy thin-wall component.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing titanium alloy is mostly carried out under the room temperature condition or the isothermal condition when the springback test is carried out, and the springback performance under the differential temperature condition cannot be measured, and provides a device and a method for testing the springback of the titanium alloy thin-wall component during differential temperature forming.
A titanium alloy thin-wall component differential temperature forming resilience testing device comprises 2 fastening grooves, 2 groups of heating fixtures, 2 groups of fastening structures, a female die fixing groove, a heat insulation plate, a punch, a plate, a group of heating holes, a group of female die temperature measuring holes, a base and a heat insulation box;
the fastening groove is used for installing the heating fixture;
the heating clamp is used for clamping the plate;
the fastening structure is used for connecting the heating clamp with the fastening groove;
the female die is used for being matched with the punch to realize the bending deformation of the plate;
the female die fixing groove is used for mounting a female die;
the heat insulation plate is used for wrapping the outer surface of the concave die fixing groove;
the punch is used for applying force towards the direction of the female die to the plate so as to deform the plate;
the group of heating holes are distributed on the main body of the female die;
a group of female die temperature measuring holes are arranged on the main body of the female die, are positioned above the heating holes and are close to the upper surface of the female die;
wherein,
the interior of each fastening groove is provided with a cavity gradually reduced towards the outer surface, the cavities are communicated to the surfaces of the side surface and the top, the open ends of the side parts of the cavities of the 2 fastening grooves are opposite, the heating fixture and the fastening structure are arranged in the cavities of the fastening grooves, one side of the heating fixture, which is far away from the open ends of the cavities, is connected with the fastening grooves through the fastening structure, and one side of each group of the heating fixtures, which is close to the open ends, is clamped with a plate;
the female die is positioned below the plate and placed in a female die fixing groove, and the heat insulation plate is wrapped outside the female die fixing groove;
the punch is positioned above the plate;
the base is matched with the heat preservation box to form a heat preservation environment required for accommodating the components; and 2 fastening grooves and a heat insulation plate are placed on the base.
In one embodiment, the cartridge testing device further comprises a mica sheet disposed between the fastening slot and the heating fixture.
In one embodiment, each set of heating fixtures further comprises an upper fixture, a lower fixture, a set of connecting bolts, and a copper electrode; an electrode fixing bolt; soft copper braided straps;
the lower surface of each upper fixture is provided with a plate positioning pin which is used for connecting and fixing a plate;
the upper surface of each lower fixture is also provided with an invaginated plate fixing groove, and the bottom surface of each plate fixing groove is provided with a positioning pin hole matched with the plate positioning pin;
wherein,
the shape of each upper fixture and each lower fixture is matched with the shape of the tapered cavity in the fastening groove,
a plate is clamped between each upper clamping apparatus and each lower clamping apparatus, one end of the plate is sleeved on a plate positioning pin, and the upper clamping apparatus and the lower clamping apparatus of each group of heating clamping apparatuses are connected through a group of connecting bolts;
the copper electrode is sleeved on the electrode fixing bolt, the electrode fixing bolt is installed on the upper surface of the upper fixture, and the soft copper woven belt is connected to the copper electrode.
In one embodiment, each set of the fastening structures further comprises a disc of a sheet structure, a fastening bolt and a U-shaped frame, wherein the beam section of the U-shaped frame is connected with the disc through the fastening bolt, and the fastening structures are connected to each set of the heating fixtures through the disc.
In one embodiment, the differential temperature forming resilience testing device further comprises two cushion blocks, and each fastening slot is placed on the base through 1 cushion block.
In one embodiment, the heating hole is a through hole.
A method for testing differential temperature forming resilience of a titanium alloy thin-wall component comprises the following steps:
step one, heating and pre-heat treatment of a plate:
firstly, uniformly welding three thermocouples in a plate forming area for measuring the temperature of a plate in real time, heating the plate to a required temperature by adopting a current heating method, and preserving heat;
step two, heating the female die:
heating rods are placed in a group of heating holes formed in the middle of the female die main body to heat the female die; measuring the temperature of the female die in real time by utilizing a group of female die temperature measuring holes arranged on the near surface of the female die;
so far, the temperature difference between the plate and the female die is realized;
step three, bending experiment:
after the plate is heated to the target temperature, the heating power supply is disconnected, and the plate is bent by utilizing the downward movement of the punch;
step four, stress relaxation:
after the plate is bent, the punch is not moved, and the bent plate is subjected to heat preservation and pressure maintaining operation to perform stress relaxation;
step five, taking a piece:
and after the heat preservation and pressure preservation of the bent plate are finished, lifting the punch, taking out the bent plate, and measuring the rebound angle.
In one embodiment, in the fifth step, the rebound angle measuring method is a protractor, a laser three-dimensional scanning method, an Argus grid strain measurement method or a digital image correlation method.
In one embodiment, the titanium alloy grades include, but are not limited to, one of Ti55, Ti60, TA15, TC2, TA32, TC4, TC31 raw sheet materials, and tailor welded sheet materials with welds formed from any one or more of the above sheet materials.
In one embodiment, in the first step, the plate is heated to the forming temperature of 700-1200 ℃, and is subjected to heat preservation for 0-30min, and then is subjected to pre-heat treatment;
in the second step, heating the female die to a set temperature of 25-600 ℃;
in the fourth step, the stress relaxation time is 0-30 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device has a simple structure, can flexibly realize the rebound test of the deformed sheet under different temperature difference conditions, can perform online pre-heat treatment on the sheet before deformation and stress relaxation after deformation, realizes the rebound test of the deformed sheet under different initial structure conditions and the rebound test of the deformed sheet after stress relaxation, can realize integration of heat treatment regulation and forming, is simple to operate and shortens the test period of a bending experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heating fixture according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the punch of the present invention moving downward to punch a sheet material;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the punch of the present invention moving downward to punch a sheet material;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the punch of the present invention moving downward to punch a sheet material;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a plate structure;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals in the figures denote:
the device comprises a fastening groove 1, a heating fixture 2, a fastening structure 3, a female die 4, a female die fixing groove 5, a heat insulation plate 6, a punch 7, a plate 8, a heating hole 9, a female die temperature measuring hole 10, a base 11, a base heat preservation box 12, an upper fixture 13, a lower fixture 14, a connecting bolt 15, a copper electrode 16, an electrode fixing bolt 17, a soft copper woven belt 18, a plate positioning pin 19, a plate fixing groove 20, a disc 21, a fastening bolt 22, a U-shaped frame 23, a cushion block 24 and a mica sheet 25.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to fig. 1-8 are exemplary and intended to be used to illustrate the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the device for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall component in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1-2, and comprises 2 fastening grooves 1, 2 groups of heating fixtures 2, 2 groups of fastening structures 3, a female die 4, a female die fixing groove 5, a heat insulation plate 6, a punch 7, a plate 8, a group of heating holes 9, a group of female die temperature measuring holes 10, a base 11 and an insulation can 12;
the fastening groove 1 is used for installing the heating fixture 2;
the heating clamp 2 is used for clamping a plate 8;
the fastening structure 3 is used for connecting the heating fixture 2 with the fastening groove 1;
the female die 4 is used for being matched with the punch 7 to realize bending deformation of the plate 8;
the female die fixing groove 5 is used for mounting the female die 4;
the heat insulation plate 6 is used for wrapping the outer surface of the concave die fixing groove 5;
the punch 7 is used for applying a force towards the direction of the female die 4 to the plate 8 so as to deform the plate 8;
a group of heating holes 9 are arranged on the main body of the female die 4;
a group of female die temperature measuring holes 10 are arranged on the main body of the female die 4, are positioned above the heating holes 9 and are close to the upper surface of the female die 4;
wherein,
the interior of the fastening groove 1 is provided with an accommodating cavity with a gradually reduced outer surface, the accommodating cavity is communicated to the side surface and the top surface, the opening ends of the side parts of the accommodating cavities of the 2 fastening grooves 1 are opposite, the heating fixture 2 and the fastening structure 3 are arranged in the accommodating cavity of the fastening groove 1, one side of the heating fixture 2, which is far away from the opening end of the accommodating cavity, is connected with the fastening groove 1 through the fastening structure 3, and one side, close to the opening end, of the 2 groups of heating fixtures 2 is clamped with a plate 8;
the female die 4 is positioned below the plate 8, the female die 4 is placed in the female die fixing groove 5, the heat insulation plate 6 is wrapped outside the female die fixing groove 5, and the upper surface of the female die 4 is provided with a recess;
the punch 7 is positioned above the plate 8;
the base 11 and the heat preservation box 12 are matched to form a heat preservation environment required for containing the components; and 2 fastening grooves 1 and a heat insulation board 6 are placed on the base 11.
The second embodiment is as follows:
different from the first embodiment, the titanium alloy thin-wall component differential temperature forming resilience testing device of the present embodiment further includes a mica sheet 25, as shown in fig. 1-2, wherein the mica sheet 25 is disposed between the fastening slot 1 and the heating fixture 2.
The third concrete implementation mode:
different from the first or second specific embodiments, in the device for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall member of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, each group of the heating clamps 2 further includes an upper clamp 13, a lower clamp 14, a group of connecting bolts 15, and a copper electrode 16; an electrode fixing bolt 17; a soft copper braided strap 18;
the lower surface of each upper fixture 13 is provided with a plate positioning pin 19, and the plate positioning pins 19 are used for connecting and fixing the plates 8;
the upper surface of each lower fixture 14 is also provided with an invaginated plate fixing groove 20, and the bottom surface of each plate fixing groove 20 is provided with a positioning pin hole matched with the plate positioning pin 19;
wherein,
each of the upper jig 13 and the lower jig 14 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the tapered cavity inside the fastening groove 1,
a plate 8 is clamped between each upper clamping apparatus 13 and each lower clamping apparatus 14, one end of the plate 8 is sleeved on a plate positioning pin 19, and the upper clamping apparatus 13 and the lower clamping apparatus 14 of each group of heating clamping apparatus 2 are connected through a group of connecting bolts 15;
the copper electrode 16 is sleeved on an electrode fixing bolt 17, the electrode fixing bolt 17 is installed on the upper surface of the upper fixture 13, the soft copper braided belt 18 is connected on the copper electrode 16, and the two soft copper braided belts 18 are connected into a heating circuit.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
different from the third specific embodiment, in the device for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall member of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, each group of the fastening structures 3 further includes a disc 21 with a sheet structure, a fastening bolt 22, and a U-shaped frame 23, a beam section of the U-shaped frame 23 is connected to the disc 21 through the fastening bolt 22, and the fastening structures 3 are connected to each group of the heating fixtures 2 through the disc 21.
The fifth concrete implementation mode:
different from the first, second or fourth embodiment, in the differential temperature forming resilience testing device for the titanium alloy thin-wall component of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the differential temperature forming resilience testing device further includes two spacers 24, and each of the fastening grooves 1 is placed on the base 11 through 1 spacer 24.
The sixth specific implementation mode:
different from the fifth embodiment, in the device for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-walled member of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heating hole 9 is a through hole.
The seventh embodiment:
the method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall component comprises the following steps:
as shown in figure 8 of the drawings,
step one, heating and pre-heat treatment of a plate:
firstly, cutting a plate 8 to a required size, polishing, then printing grids or spraying speckles in the thickness direction, spraying boron nitride on the upper and lower surfaces of the heating clamps 2 and the plate, and then assembling the plate between the 2 heating clamps 2; then, uniformly welding three thermocouples in the forming area of the plate 8 for measuring the temperature of the plate in real time, heating the plate 8 to the required temperature by adopting a current heating method and preserving heat; if the preheating treatment is needed, the heating and the heat preservation are carried out according to the corresponding heat treatment system, and the proper current density is needed to be determined before the heating, so that the phenomenon of under-heating caused by too small current density or overheating caused by too large current density is prevented.
Step two, heating the female die:
heating rods are placed in a group of heating holes 9 formed in the middle of the main body of the female die 4 to heat the female die 4; and measuring the temperature of the female die 4 in real time by utilizing a group of female die temperature measuring holes 10 arranged on the near surface of the female die 4;
so far, the temperature difference between the plate 8 and the female die 4 is realized;
step three, bending experiment:
after the plate 8 is heated to the target temperature, the heating power supply is disconnected, and the plate 8 is bent by utilizing the downward movement of the punch 7; the downward movement of the punch 7 as shown in fig. 4-6; the punch 7 may be predicted;
step four, stress relaxation:
after the plate 8 is bent, the punch 7 is not moved, and the bent plate 8 is subjected to heat preservation and pressure maintaining operation to perform stress relaxation so as to reduce resilience;
step five, taking a piece:
and after the heat preservation and pressure preservation of the bent plate 8 are finished, lifting the punch 7, taking out the bent plate 8, and measuring the rebound angle.
The specific implementation mode is eight:
different from the seventh specific embodiment, in the fifth step of the method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-walled member of the present embodiment, the resilience angle measurement method is implemented by using a protractor, a laser three-dimensional scanning method, an Argus grid strain measurement method, or a digital image correlation method DIC.
The specific implementation method nine:
the method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall component is different from the seventh or eighth specific embodiment, wherein the titanium alloy brand comprises but is not limited to one of the original plates of Ti55, Ti60, TA15, TC2, TA32, TC4 and TC31, and a tailor-welded plate with a welding seam formed by any one or more of the plates.
The detailed implementation mode is ten:
different from the ninth embodiment, in the first step of the method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall component, the plate 8 is heated to the forming temperature of 700-1200 ℃, and is subjected to heat preservation for 0-30min, and then is subjected to pre-heat treatment;
in the second step, the female die 4 is heated to a set temperature of 25-600 ℃;
in the fourth step, the stress relaxation time is 0-30 min.
An embodiment of a method for testing differential temperature forming resilience of a titanium alloy thin-wall component comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a plate material: the test specimens were cut to the desired sheet size as shown in fig. 8. Speckle for strain measurement is sprayed in the thickness direction of the plate by a digital image correlation method (DIC). Spraying boron nitride lubricant on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate, on one hand, ensuring that the friction force between the plate and a cavity of a female die is small in the thermal deformation process, and on the other hand, preventing the Ti60 titanium alloy plate from being oxidized at high temperature.
II, assembling: uniformly spraying a boron nitride lubricant on the surfaces of the punch 7 and the cavity of the female die 4, placing a heating rod in a heating hole 9 of the female die, and inserting a thermocouple thermodetector into a temperature measuring hole 10 of the female die; after three thermocouples are uniformly welded on the plate 8, the three thermocouples are clamped by a fixture and placed in the fastening groove 1, the fastening bolts 22 are screwed, the copper electrode 16 with the soft copper braided belt 18 is connected with the upper fixture 13, the base insulation box 12 is covered on the outermost layer, and asbestos is placed in the insulation box 12 to prevent temperature loss.
Thirdly, testing the differential temperature bending resilience: after the assembly is completed and the circuit is checked to be correct, the power supply is switched on, the plate 8 is heated through the copper electrode 16 and the heating fixture 2, and the current density is set to be 20A/mm2Clicking a start button to start heating, heating the plate 8 to a set temperature of 980 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, controlling the temperature difference to be +/-5 ℃, and carrying out pre-heat treatment on the material; and heating the female die 4 by using a heating rod, heating the surface temperature of the female die 4 to 550 ℃, and controlling the temperature difference to be +/-5 ℃. The DIC camera is adjusted so that the speckle on the cross section of the component can be imaged clearly and the click starts. And after the heat treatment time is over, the current heating power supply is cut off, the punch 7 descends at the speed of 200 mm/s to finish the bending experiment, the temperature and the pressure are kept for 30min, and the stress is relaxed. After the heat preservation is finished, the punch 7 moves upwards, DIC data are stored, and the sample is taken out and cooled to room temperature.
In the bending test, the punch 7 may be subjected to a preheating treatment.
Fourthly, measuring the rebound resilience: DIC data are processed, and strain conditions after forming and rebounding are compared to obtain a rebound angle.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a titanium alloy thin wall component difference warm shaping resilience testing arrangement which characterized in that: the device comprises 2 fastening grooves (1), 2 groups of heating clamps (2), 2 groups of fastening structures (3), a female die (4), a female die fixing groove (5), a heat insulation plate (6), a punch (7), a plate (8), a group of heating holes (9), a group of female die temperature measuring holes (10), a base (11) and an insulation can (12);
the fastening groove (1) is used for installing the heating fixture (2);
the heating clamp (2) is used for clamping a plate (8);
the fastening structure (3) is used for connecting the heating fixture (2) with the fastening groove (1);
the female die (4) is used for being matched with the punch (7) to realize bending deformation of the plate (8);
the female die fixing groove (5) is used for mounting the female die (4);
the heat insulation plate (6) is used for wrapping the outer surface of the concave die fixing groove (5);
the punch head (7) is used for applying force towards the direction of the concave die (4) to the plate (8) to enable the plate (8) to deform;
a group of heating holes (9) are distributed on the main body of the female die (4);
a group of female die temperature measuring holes (10) are distributed on the main body of the female die (4), are positioned above the heating holes (9), and are close to the upper surface of the female die (4);
wherein,
the inside of fastening groove (1) has the appearance chamber of outside surface convergent, and hold the chamber and communicate to the surface at side and top, the appearance chamber lateral part open end of 2 fastening grooves (1) is relative, heating fixture (2) and fastening structure (3) set up in the appearance chamber of fastening groove (1), and one side of keeping away from the appearance chamber open end of heating fixture (2) is connected with fastening groove (1) through fastening structure (3), one side of the nearly open end of 2 groups of heating fixtures (2) presss from both sides dress panel (8);
the female die (4) is positioned below the plate (8), the female die (4) is placed in the female die fixing groove (5), and the heat insulation plate (6) is wrapped outside the female die fixing groove (5);
the punch (7) is positioned above the plate (8);
the base (11) and the heat preservation box (12) are matched to form a heat preservation environment required for accommodating the components; and 2 fastening grooves (1) and a heat insulation plate (6) are placed on the base (11).
2. The differential temperature forming resilience testing device for the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 1, wherein: the rebound testing device further comprises a mica sheet (25), and the mica sheet (25) is arranged between the fastening groove (1) and the heating fixture (2).
3. The differential temperature forming resilience testing device for the titanium alloy thin-walled component as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: each group of heating clamps (2) also comprises an upper clamp (13), a lower clamp (14), a group of connecting bolts (15) and a copper electrode (16); an electrode fixing bolt (17); a soft copper braided strap (18);
the lower surface of each upper fixture (13) is provided with a plate positioning pin (19), and the plate positioning pins (19) are used for connecting and fixing plates (8);
the upper surface of each lower fixture (14) is also provided with an invaginated plate fixing groove (20), and the bottom surface of each plate fixing groove (20) is provided with a positioning pin hole matched with the plate positioning pin (19);
wherein,
the shape of each upper fixture (13) and the lower fixture (14) is matched with the shape of the tapered cavity inside the fastening groove (1),
a plate (8) is clamped between each upper clamping apparatus (13) and each lower clamping apparatus (14), two ends of each plate (8) are respectively sleeved on a corresponding plate positioning pin (19), and the upper clamping apparatus (13) and the lower clamping apparatus (14) of each group of heating clamping apparatus (2) are connected through a group of connecting bolts (15);
the copper electrode (16) is sleeved on the electrode fixing bolt (17), the electrode fixing bolt (17) is installed on the upper surface of the upper clamping tool (13), and the soft copper braided belt (18) is connected on the copper electrode (16).
4. The differential temperature forming resilience testing device for the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 3, wherein: each group of fastening structure (3) further comprises a disc (21) with a sheet structure, a fastening bolt (22) and a U-shaped frame (23), the cross beam section of the U-shaped frame (23) is connected with the disc (21) through the fastening bolt (22), and the fastening structure (3) is connected to each group of heating fixtures (2) through the disc (21).
5. The differential temperature forming rebound testing device for the titanium alloy thin-walled component as recited in claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: the differential temperature forming resilience testing device further comprises two cushion blocks (24), and each fastening groove (1) is placed on the base (11) through 1 cushion block (24).
6. The differential temperature forming resilience testing device for the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 5, wherein: the heating hole (9) is a through hole.
7. The test method of the titanium alloy thin-walled component differential temperature forming resilience test device in any claim is characterized in that: the method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-wall component comprises the following steps:
step one, heating and pre-heat treatment of a plate:
firstly, uniformly welding three thermocouples in a forming area of a plate (8) for measuring the temperature of the plate in real time, heating the plate (8) to the required temperature by adopting a current heating method, and preserving heat;
step two, heating the female die:
heating rods are placed in a group of heating holes (9) formed in the middle of the main body of the female die (4) to heat the female die (4); the temperature of the female die (4) is measured in real time by utilizing a group of female die temperature measuring holes (10) arranged on the near surface of the female die (4);
so far, the temperature difference between the plate (8) and the female die (4) is realized;
step three, bending experiment:
after the plate (8) is heated to the target temperature, the heating power supply is disconnected, and the plate (8) is bent by utilizing the downward movement of the punch (7);
step four, stress relaxation:
after the plate (8) is bent, the punch (7) is not moved, and the bent plate (8) is subjected to heat preservation and pressure maintaining operation for stress relaxation;
step five, taking a piece:
and after the heat preservation and pressure preservation of the bent plate (8) are finished, lifting the punch (7), taking out the bent plate (8), and measuring the rebound angle.
8. The method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the fifth step, the rebound angle measuring method is a protractor, laser three-dimensional scanning, an Argus grid strain measurement method or a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method.
9. The method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the titanium alloy grade includes but is not limited to one of Ti55, Ti60, TA15, TC2, TA32, TC4 and TC31 original plates, and a tailor-welded plate with a welding seam formed by any one or more of the plates.
10. The method for testing the differential temperature forming resilience of the titanium alloy thin-walled component according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the plate (8) is heated to the forming temperature of 700-1200 ℃, and is subjected to heat preservation for 0-30min, and then is subjected to pre-heat treatment;
in the second step, the female die (4) is heated to a set temperature of 25-600 ℃;
in the fourth step, the stress relaxation time is 0-30 min.
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