CN113432545A - Large-diameter common rail combined construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system - Google Patents

Large-diameter common rail combined construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113432545A
CN113432545A CN202110709868.9A CN202110709868A CN113432545A CN 113432545 A CN113432545 A CN 113432545A CN 202110709868 A CN202110709868 A CN 202110709868A CN 113432545 A CN113432545 A CN 113432545A
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total station
side wall
measuring
point
segment
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CN113432545B (en
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李明宇
余刘成
张启瑞
田应飞
杜亚林
曾力
靳军伟
刘云龙
李翔宇
陈允斌
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Zhengzhou University
CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Co
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Zhengzhou University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

The invention provides a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system, which comprises a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel, a total station, an initial point prism group, a side wall prism group, L-shaped small prisms, a side wall bracket, a prism centering rod, lifting lugs, an arch crown bracket and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the total station is used for monitoring the floating and convergence of segments of the large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel; the large-diameter common rail co-construction shield tunnel comprises a duct piece and a box culvert, wherein the initial point prism group is arranged at the bottom of the box culvert, the total stations comprise a first total station and a second total station and are used for measuring floating and convergence of the duct piece, the side wall support is positioned on the side wall of the box culvert, the first total station and the side wall prism group can be arranged at the upper part of the box culvert, the second total station is arranged at the bottom of the vault support, one of the two L-shaped small prisms is arranged at the top of the duct piece with stable deformation and serves as a vault reference point, and the other one of the two L-shaped small prisms is arranged at the top of a newly assembled duct piece and serves as a vault measuring point. The method can timely acquire the situations of upward floating and convergence deformation of the segments of the large-diameter common rail co-construction shield tunnel in the construction period.

Description

Large-diameter common rail combined construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation monitoring, in particular to a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system.
Background
The pipe piece floats upwards more or less from the assembly of the ring to the solidification of the slurry. To the public rail of major diameter build shield tunnel jointly, because section of jurisdiction diameter is too big, the restriction of shield structure organism rear box culvert, present monitoring unit often only can go on in the vault region to the monitoring of major diameter shield tunnel section of jurisdiction come-up, consider to cover the vertical convergence that soil leads to the vertical load of section of jurisdiction, the come-up volume of surveying at the section of jurisdiction vault often is less than the actual come-up volume in the vault region, cause the monitoring result not only can not reflect the true come-up characteristic of section of jurisdiction, can bring the puzzlement to the accurate construction of tunnel on the contrary. The duct piece generates large floating, so that the tunnel can be further deviated from the designed axis, and the risk of dislocation, water leakage and the like of the duct piece is increased, so that the engineering safety quality is greatly influenced.
Similarly, due to the influence of the internal structure of the shield machine, the large-diameter common rail co-constructed shield tunnel segment has no visibility condition between the vault and the arch bottom from the assembly completion to the deformation stabilization period, and the conventional monitoring method for segment convergence is not applicable, namely the stability of the shield tunnel segment cannot be judged in time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a large-diameter common rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a segment floating and convergence monitoring system for a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel, which is characterized by comprising a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel, a total station, a starting point prism group, L-shaped small prisms, a side wall support, a prism centering rod, a lifting lug, a vault support and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the large-diameter shield tunnel comprises a plurality of segment rings which are sequentially connected end to end in the front-rear direction through transverse segment bolts, each segment ring comprises building blocks which are sequentially connected in the circumferential direction through circumferential segment bolts, and a box culvert is spliced below the tunnel. The starting point prism group is arranged in an elevation stable area at the bottom of a box culvert in a tunnel, the total station comprises a first total station and a second total station, the side wall support is positioned on the side wall of the box culvert through expansion bolts, the side wall prism group and the first total station can be installed on the upper portion of the side wall support, the prism centering rods are erected around a newly assembled duct piece, the arch crown support is connected with the duct piece through bolts and lifting lugs, the second total station is installed at the bottom of the arch crown support, the lifting lugs are bent steel plates, a plurality of installation holes are reserved in the lifting lugs, one of the two L-shaped small prisms is installed at the top of the tunnel in the elevation stable area behind an excavation face through the expansion bolts, the other L-shaped small prism is installed at the arch crown of the newly assembled duct piece through the expansion bolts, and the reflector plate is pasted on the arch bottom and arch waist measurement point positions of the newly assembled duct piece.
Preferably, the distance between the installation position of the starting prism group and the shield tail is generally 80 m-100 m, and the distance between the side wall bracket and the shield tail is generally 40 m-50 m.
Preferably, the vault support and the side wall support are both composed of a plurality of steel plates, forced centering bases are welded at the bottom of the vault support and the top of the side wall support, and the side wall prism group, the first total station and the second total station are connected with the side wall support and the vault support through bolts of the forced centering bases.
Preferably, the bending angle of the lifting lug is determined according to the inclination angle of a bolt hole reserved in the arch area of the duct piece, so that the arch support connected with the lifting lug is ensured to keep a vertical state.
Preferably, four adjusting bolts are welded at the top of the arch crown support, and after the arch crown support is preliminarily fixed on the arch crown of the duct piece through the lifting lugs, the abutting lengths of the four bolts and the arch crown duct piece can be adjusted to enable the bottom of the arch crown support to be horizontal.
The invention also provides a large-diameter public rail combined construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, setting a reference point: placing an initial point prism group in the center of a height stable area at the bottom of the box culvert, and establishing an arch base reference point O1The height of the tunnel is measured to be H through the known level point of the tunnelO1. At reference point O1And a box culvert side wall mounting side wall bracket in an elevation stable area between the excavation surfaces, and setting a side wall reference point O2。
Step two, establishing an independent coordinate system: a first total station is arranged on the side wall bracket to measure two datum points O1And O2Flat pitch L of12Height difference H12Mixing (0, 0, H)O1) As O1Position coordinates of (A), (B), (L)12，0， HO1+H12) As O2The position coordinates of (a). By reference point O2The projection connecting line on the horizontal plane is an M axis, the plane vertical to the M axis is an N axis, and the plane vertical to the horizontal plane is a Z axis, so that an independent coordinate system is established.
Step three, respectively measuring O1And O2Distance L of reference point along tunnel axislProjection distance L along tunnel planev. Thus, the included angle between the M shaft and the tunnel axis X and the included angle between the N shaft and the segment horizontal projection line Y in the independent coordinate system can be obtained
Figure BDA0003133138820000031
Step four, guiding the excavation face: at the reference point O2A first total station is arranged on the side wall bracket, and the coordinates of the measuring station at the moment are the datum point O2Coordinate (L) of12，0，HO1+H12) Setting a station O around the newly assembled pipe3Erecting a prism centering rod by adopting a first centering rodReference point O of station instrument3For the back-view point, site O is measured in an independent coordinate system3Coordinates, then at site O3Erecting a first total station at a reference point O2Where a set of sidewall prisms is mounted.
Step five, measuring the initial coordinates of the arch bottom measuring point: after the segment is assembled, reflecting sheets are adhered to the measuring points A-E (the measuring point A, E is positioned at the arch waist of two sides, the measuring point C is positioned at the arch bottom, and the measuring points B, D are symmetrically distributed between the segment feeding machine and the shield wheel), and a first total station is adopted to use a reference point O2The side wall prism group is a rear view point, and the initial coordinate (m) of the measuring point is measuredi,ni,zi) Where i is 1,2, …,5, corresponding to points a-E, respectively.
Sixthly, monitoring the upward floating and convergence of the duct piece: separating the duct piece from the shield tail until the deformation stabilization stage, and using a first total station to determine a reference point O2And measuring the elevation change conditions of C, D measuring points on two sides of the arch bottom by adopting a triangular elevation method as a rear viewpoint, wherein the average value of the elevation change quantities of the two measuring points is the floating quantity of the segment on the arch bottom.
After the pipe piece is separated from the trolley and is stably deformed, in the position O2The position is redirected to the periphery of the segment to be measured and the coordinate (m) of each measuring point is measured at the new positioni',ni',zi') wherein i is 1,2 … 5.
The calculation mode of the horizontal convergence of the duct piece is as follows:
Δx＝(m1′-m1)×sinθ+(n1′-n1)×cosθ-(m5′-m5)×sinθ-(n5′-n5)×cosθ (1)
in the formula, a positive value of Δ x indicates horizontal expansion of the segment arch waist, and a negative value indicates horizontal contraction of the segment arch waist.
Step seven, installing a vault small prism at the vault of the segment elevation stable area behind the excavated surface through an expansion bolt to serve as a datum point O3And measuring the initial elevation H through the known level point of the tunnelO3(ii) a At the tail of the shield and the reference point O3A vault bracket is arranged above the frame and in the vault area between the two, and a second total station is erected; installing small edges at the arch tops of newly-assembled pipe sheetsThe mirror serves as a dome measuring point F, as a reference point O3For a rear viewpoint, measuring the initial elevation z of a measuring point F by using a second total station and adopting a triangle elevation method6Measuring elevation z when duct piece is deformed and stabilized6′。
The method for calculating the floating height of each measuring point at the jth moment in the arch crown and arch bottom areas comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003133138820000041
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003133138820000042
the measured elevation of the ith measuring point at the jth moment.
The final floating height of the measuring point i is calculated as follows:
Δz′i＝z′i-zi (3)
because the arch bottom measuring point B, D is close to the measuring point C, and the measuring point C can only obtain the perspective condition after the segment is separated from the segment feeder, the segment vertical convergence at the j-th moment can be approximated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003133138820000043
Figure BDA0003133138820000044
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003133138820000045
the measured elevation of the ith measuring point at the jth moment.
The vertical convergence calculation mode after the pipe piece is deformed and stabilized is as follows:
c'＝Δz'6-Δz'3 (6)
the errors of the vertical convergence of the duct piece obtained by the formulas (4) to (5) can be respectively calculated and evaluated by the following formulas:
Δc1＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'2) (7)
Δc2＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'4) (8)
the invention has the beneficial effects that: can in time acquire deformation data such as the come-up of section of jurisdiction in the major diameter shield tunnel work progress, convergence, effectual having avoided the section of jurisdiction to break away from behind the shield tail because the influence of other barriers that shelter from the sight in platform truck and the tunnel can not in time clear section of jurisdiction come-up and deformation characteristic, can be fine through the truest data that acquire serve scientific research work and engineering construction, still have the structure simultaneously simple and easy, low in cost, the function is various, excellent in use effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of measuring points in this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an instrument for monitoring measuring points in the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for assisting in monitoring an instrument according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the combination of the arch support, the lifting lug and the segment bolt in the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a transformed coordinate system of the present embodiment.
In the figure: the combined construction method comprises the following steps of 1 large-diameter common rail combined shield tunnel, 1-1 duct piece, 1-2 box culvert, 1-3 building blocks, 1-4 duct piece bolts, 2 initial point prism groups, 3 side wall prism groups, 4 total stations, 4-1 first total stations, 4-2 second total stations, 5 side wall supports, 6 prism centering rods, 7 lifting lugs, 8 vault supports, 8-1 adjusting bolts, 8-2 forced centering bases, 9L-shaped small prisms, 9-1 first L-shaped small prisms, 9-2 second L-shaped small prisms and 10 reflector plates.
Detailed Description
A large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system comprises a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel 1, an initial point prism group 2, a side wall prism group 3, a total station 4, a side wall support 5, a prism centering rod 6, a lifting lug 7, a vault support 8, an L-shaped small prism 9 and a plurality of reflector plates 10.
The large-diameter public rail joint construction shield tunnel 1 comprises a segment 1-1 and a box culvert 1-2 below the segment 1-1, wherein the segment 1-3 is formed by radially splicing a plurality of building blocks through segment bolts 1-4.
The total station 4 comprises a first total station 4-1 and a second total station 4-2, and the sidewall bracket 5 is fixed on the sidewall of the tunnel internal box culvert 1-2 by using expansion bolts and is connected with the sidewall prism group 3 and the first total station 4-1 by top bolts.
The vault bracket 8 is connected with the lifting lugs 7 through bolts, then the lifting lugs 7 and the bolt holes reserved in the building blocks 1-3 are fixed through the segment bolts 1-4, the levelness of the vault bracket 8 is adjusted through the contact tightness degree of the four adjusting bolts 8-1 at the top of the leveling bracket and the building blocks 1-3, and then the forced centering base 8-2 welded at the bottom of the vault bracket 8 is connected with the second total station 4-2.
The reflector plate 10 is adhered to a preset measuring point position of a newly assembled duct piece, the prism centering rod 6 is erected at a preset station, and the number of the L-shaped small prisms 9 is two.
The monitoring implementation steps of the large-diameter public rail combined construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence by using the monitoring system are as follows:
first, a reference point is set. A starting point prism group 2 is arranged in the center of an elevation stable area at the bottom of a box culvert 1-2 behind the tunnel, and a reference point O is set1The height of the tunnel is measured to be H through the known level point of the tunnelO1Generally 80-100 m away from the tail of the shield. At reference point O1And a box culvert 12 side wall installation side wall bracket 5 in an elevation stable area between the excavation surfaces and a reference point O2Generally, the distance is 40-50 m from the tail of the shield.
Then, an independent coordinate system is established. A first total station 41 is arranged on the side wall bracket 5 to measure a datum point O1And O2Flat pitch L of12Height difference H12Mixing (0, 0, H)O1) As O1Position coordinates of (A), (B), (L)12，0， HO1+H12) As O2To the position coordinate of (2) as a reference point O1And O2The projection line on the horizontal plane is an M axis which is connected with the horizontal planeThe vertical axis is N axis, and the vertical axis to the horizontal plane is Z axis, so as to establish an independent coordinate system. Erecting prism centering rods 6 around the newly assembled pipe pieces 11 to establish a measuring station O3At reference point O2A first total station 41 is installed and the station coordinates (L) are input12，0，HO1+H12) With O1Measuring station O for rear view point3And (4) coordinates.
Secondly, O is measured separately1And O2Distance L of position along tunnel axislProjection distance L along tunnel planev. Therefore, the included angle between the M shaft and the X shaft of the tunnel axis and the included angle between the N shaft and the Y shaft of the horizontal projection of the duct piece in the independent coordinate system can be obtained
Figure BDA0003133138820000061
And thirdly, adhering the reflector plates 10 to the arches (the measuring point names are A, E respectively) on the two sides of the tube sheet, the arch bottom (the measuring point name is C), the feeding machine for the tube sheet at the arch bottom and the area (the measuring point names are B, D respectively) between the shield wheels on the two sides. Moving the first total station 4-1 to the measuring station O3Mounting the side wall prism group on the reference point O of the side wall bracket 52To the reference point O2Measuring initial coordinates (m) of the measuring point for the rear view point of the first total station 4-1i,ni,zi) Where i is 1,2, …,5, corresponding to points a-E, respectively. When the duct piece 1-1 is positioned at the tail part of the shield tunneling machine and the trolley area, the elevation change conditions of C, D measuring points on two sides of the arch bottom of the duct piece 11 can be measured after a ring of duct pieces are assembled.
After the pipe piece 11 is separated from the trolley and deformed and stabilized, in the step O2The position is redirected to the periphery of the segment to be measured and the coordinate final value (m) of each measuring point is measuredi′,ni′,zi′)。
The calculation mode of the horizontal convergence of the duct piece is
Δx＝(m1′-m1)×sinθ+(n1′-n1)×cosθ-(m5′-m5)×sinθ-(n5′-n5)×cosθ (1)
In the formula, a positive value of Δ x indicates horizontal expansion of the segment arch waist, and a negative value indicates horizontal contraction of the segment arch waist.
A first L-shaped small prism 9-1 is arranged at the vault of a segment elevation stable area behind the excavated surface and is used as a datum point O4The height of the tunnel is measured to be H through the known level point of the tunnelO2. At the tail of the shield and the reference point O3And a vault support 8 is arranged in the vault area between the two vault areas and above the vehicle frame, a second total station 4-2 is erected, and a second L-shaped small prism 9-2 is adhered to the vault of the newly assembled pipe sheet 1-1 to serve as a vault measuring point F. By reference point O4For a rear viewpoint, measuring an initial elevation z of the measuring point F by using a second total station 4-2 by adopting a triangular elevation method6At time j, the elevation is measured as
Figure BDA0003133138820000071
Measuring the elevation z of the pipe piece after the pipe piece is stabilized6′。
The method for calculating the floating height of each measuring point at the j moment is as follows:
Figure BDA0003133138820000072
the final floating height of the measuring point i is calculated as follows:
Δz′i＝z′i-zi (3)
after the duct piece is separated from the shield tail, the arch bottom measuring point C is shielded by the duct piece feeding machine, and the measuring point B, D is close to the measuring point C, so that the vertical convergence of the duct piece at the jth moment is approximately equal to:
Figure BDA0003133138820000073
Figure BDA0003133138820000074
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003133138820000075
the measured elevation of the ith measuring point at the jth moment.
The segment deforms stably after being separated from the trolley, and the vertical convergence calculation mode is as follows:
c'＝Δz'6-Δz'3 (6)
the segment convergence errors obtained by the equations (3) to (4) can be calculated and evaluated by the following equations:
Δc1＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'2) (7)
Δc2＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'4) (8)
in this embodiment, can in time acquire the convergence deformation data of section of jurisdiction come-up and section of jurisdiction during the construction of major diameter public rail co-construction tunnel, can judge the stability of section of jurisdiction hunch floating condition and section of jurisdiction on the bottom of the section of jurisdiction arch according to the data of monitoring.
The above detailed description merely describes preferred embodiments of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system is characterized by comprising a large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel, a total station, a starting point prism group, a side wall prism group, two L-shaped small prisms, a side wall support, a prism centering rod, a lifting lug, a vault support and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel comprises a plurality of segments which are sequentially connected end to end in the front-rear direction through transverse segment bolts and a box culvert positioned below the segments, each segment comprises a tunnel segment which is sequentially connected in the circumferential direction through a circumferential segment bolt, the box culvert is assembled below the tunnel, the starting point prism group is arranged in an elevation stable area at the bottom of the box culvert in the tunnel, the total station comprises a first total station and a second total station, the side wall support is positioned on the side wall of the box culvert through expansion bolts, and the side wall prism group and the first total station can be arranged on the upper portion of the side wall prism group and the first total station, the utility model discloses a tunnel excavation construction method, include that the section of jurisdiction is assembled to the reflector plate, the prism centering rod erects around the section of jurisdiction is assembled newly, the vault support passes through bolt, lug and links to each other with the section of jurisdiction, and the bottom of vault support installs the second total powerstation, the lug is a bending steel plate, has reserved a plurality of mounting holes on it, one of two L type small prisms passes through expansion bolts and installs in excavation face rear elevation stable area's tunnel top, and another L type small prism passes through expansion bolts and installs in the vault of section of jurisdiction is assembled newly, the reflector plate is pasted on the hunch end and the hunch waist measuring point position of section of jurisdiction are assembled newly.
2. The large-diameter public rail joint construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the installation position of the starting point prism group and the shield tail is generally 80-100 m, and the distance between the side wall bracket and the shield tail is generally 40-50 m.
3. The large-diameter public rail joint construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: forced centering bases are welded at the top of the side wall support and the bottom of the top support, the side wall prism group and the total station are connected with the side wall support and the top support through bolts of the forced centering bases, and leveling is carried out through the side wall prism group and a leveling foot screw at the bottom of the total station before measurement.
4. The large-diameter public rail joint construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bending angle of the lifting lug is determined according to the inclination angle of the bolt hole reserved in the building block, so that the arch crown support connected with the lifting lug is ensured to be kept in a vertical state.
5. The large-diameter public rail co-construction shield tunnel segment floating and convergence monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: setting a reference point: height at the bottom of box culvertThe center of the range stable region is provided with an initial point prism group, and an arch base reference point O is set1The height of the tunnel is measured to be H through the known level point of the tunnelO1. At reference point O1And a box culvert side wall mounting side wall bracket in an elevation stable area between the excavation surfaces, and setting a side wall reference point O2。
Step two: establishing an independent coordinate system: a first total station is arranged on the side wall bracket to measure two datum points O1And O2Flat pitch L of12Height difference H12Mixing (0, 0, H)O1) As O1Position coordinates of (A), (B), (L)12，0，HO1+H12) As O2The position coordinates of (a). By reference point O1And O2The projection connecting line on the horizontal plane is an M axis, the plane vertical to the M axis is an N axis, and the plane vertical to the horizontal plane is a Z axis, so that an independent coordinate system is established.
Step three: respectively measuring to obtain O1And O2Distance L of reference point along tunnel axislProjection distance L along tunnel planev. Therefore, the included angle between the M shaft and the tunnel axis and the included angle between the N shaft and the horizontal projection line of the duct piece in the independent coordinate system can be obtained
Figure FDA0003133138810000021
And fourthly, guiding the station to the excavation surface. Installing a first total station at the side wall bracket and connecting the first total station with the second total station2Setting the position coordinates as the coordinates of the measuring station, and setting the stations O around the newly spliced pipe sheets3And erecting a prism centering rod to form a reference point O1For the known rear viewpoint, the reference point O is adopted2The first total station measures a station point O in an independent coordinate system3Coordinates, then at site O3Erecting a first total station at a reference point O2Where a set of sidewall prisms is mounted.
And step five, measuring the initial coordinates of the arch bottom measuring points. After the segment is assembled, reflecting sheets are adhered to measuring points A-E (the measuring point A, E is positioned at the arch waist of two sides, the measuring point C is positioned at the arch bottom, and the measuring points D, E are symmetrically distributed in the area between a segment feeding machine and a shield wheel), and a station O is adopted3At a first total station to benchmarkPoint O2For rear view point, measuring the initial coordinate (m) of the measuring pointi,ni,zi) Where i is 1,2, …,5, corresponding to points a-E, respectively.
And sixthly, monitoring the upward floating and convergence of the duct piece. Separating the duct piece from the shield tail until the deformation stabilization stage, and using a first total station to determine a reference point O2And measuring the elevation change conditions of C, D measuring points on two sides of the arch bottom by adopting a triangular elevation method as a rear viewpoint, wherein the average value of the elevation change quantities of the two measuring points is the floating quantity of the segment on the arch bottom.
After the pipe piece is separated from the trolley and is stably deformed, in the position O2The position is redirected to the periphery of the segment to be measured and the coordinate (m) of each measuring point is measured at the new positioni',ni',zi') wherein i is 1,2 … 5.
The calculation mode of the horizontal convergence of the duct piece is as follows:
Δx＝(m1′-m1)×sinθ+(n1′-n1)×cosθ-(m5′-m5)×sinθ-(n5′-n5)×cosθ (1)
in the formula, a positive value of Δ x indicates horizontal expansion of the duct piece, and a negative value indicates horizontal contraction of the duct piece.
Step seven, installing a vault small prism at the vault of the segment elevation stable area behind the excavated surface through an expansion bolt to serve as a datum point O3And measuring the initial elevation H through the known level point of the tunnelO3. At the excavated surface and the reference point O3And a vault bracket is arranged above the vault area and the frame between the two vault areas, and a second total station is erected. And installing a small prism at the arch top of the newly assembled pipe sheet to serve as an arch top measuring point F. By reference point O3For a rear viewpoint, measuring the initial elevation z of a measuring point F by using a second total station and adopting a triangle elevation method6Measuring elevation z when duct piece is deformed and stabilized6′。
The floating height of each measuring point at the j time is calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0003133138810000031
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003133138810000035
the measured elevation of the ith measuring point at the jth moment.
The final floating height of the measuring point i is calculated as follows:
Δz′i＝z′i-zi (3)
because the arch bottom measuring point B, D is close to the measuring point C, and the measuring point C can only obtain the perspective condition after the segment is separated from the segment feeder, the segment vertical convergence at the j-th moment can be approximately calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003133138810000032
Figure FDA0003133138810000033
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003133138810000034
the measured elevation of the ith measuring point at the jth moment.
The vertical convergence calculation mode after the pipe piece is deformed and stabilized is as follows:
c'＝Δz'6-Δz'3 (6)
the errors of the vertical convergence of the duct piece obtained by the formulas (4) to (5) can be respectively calculated and evaluated by the following formulas:
Δc1＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'2) (7)
Δc2＝(Δz'6-Δz'3)-(Δz'6-Δz'4) (8)。
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CN114370828A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-19 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 Shield tunnel diameter convergence and radial slab staggering detection method based on laser scanning
CN114485614A (en) * 2022-01-05 2022-05-13 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 Navigation positioning system and method of mining equipment based on double total stations
CN115164833A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-10-11 云南开发规划设计院 Monitoring method for subway tunnel structure protection
CN116929299A (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-24 中交隧道工程局有限公司 Shield tunnel deformation control method in adjacent engineering construction process
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114370828A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-19 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 Shield tunnel diameter convergence and radial slab staggering detection method based on laser scanning
CN114485614A (en) * 2022-01-05 2022-05-13 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 Navigation positioning system and method of mining equipment based on double total stations
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CN115164833A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-10-11 云南开发规划设计院 Monitoring method for subway tunnel structure protection
CN115164833B (en) * 2022-06-24 2024-05-14 云南开发规划设计院 Monitoring method for subway tunnel structure protection
CN116929299A (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-24 中交隧道工程局有限公司 Shield tunnel deformation control method in adjacent engineering construction process
CN116929299B (en) * 2023-09-18 2023-12-05 中交隧道工程局有限公司 Shield tunnel deformation control method in adjacent engineering construction process

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