CN113432468A - Mixed filling type heat/cold storage device - Google Patents
Mixed filling type heat/cold storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113432468A CN113432468A CN202110603152.0A CN202110603152A CN113432468A CN 113432468 A CN113432468 A CN 113432468A CN 202110603152 A CN202110603152 A CN 202110603152A CN 113432468 A CN113432468 A CN 113432468A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/025—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being in direct contact with a heat-exchange medium or with another heat storage material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention provides a mixed filling type heat/cold storage device which comprises a shell, wherein an energy storage medium is filled in the shell, the energy storage medium comprises a first energy storage medium, a second energy storage medium and a third energy storage medium which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the shell, the particle diameter of the first energy storage medium is larger than that of the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the second energy storage medium is larger than that of the third energy storage medium. The mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention not only effectively reduces the filling porosity and strengthens the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange fluid and the energy storage medium, but also can effectively reduce the volume of the heat/cold storage device under the condition of fixing theoretical energy storage, simultaneously effectively overcomes the problem of larger gap at the position close to the wall, inhibits the adverse effect of the wall effect on the flow field in the heat/cold storage device, and improves the energy storage characteristic of the heat/cold storage device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a mixed filling type heat/cold storage device.
Background
The heat/cold storage device is used as a core component of the heat/cold storage technology, adopts a packed bed structure to store heat or store cold, has the advantages of environmental protection, safety, stability and lower cost, and is easy to realize large-scale application.
In the process of energy storage and release of a heat storage/cooler with the existing packed bed structure, heat exchange fluid enters the packed bed along the axial direction and exchanges heat with an energy storage medium in the packed bed so as to realize the storage and release of energy. In large-scale energy storage systems, the packed bed requires a large volume and, therefore, the porosity of the energy storage medium has an increasing effect on the heat/cold storage. Then, in the heat storage/cooling device of the existing packed bed structure, the energy storage medium is mostly solid particles, and the diameter of the solid particles is about 25-75 mm, so that a larger porosity is generated. Meanwhile, the energy storage medium particles with larger particle sizes are not sufficient in contact with heat exchange fluid for heat exchange, larger pores are generated near the wall, and the uniformity of a flow field and a temperature field in the packed bed is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a mixed filling type heat/cold storage device which can effectively reduce the filling porosity of an energy storage medium, overcome the problem that the pore at the position close to a wall surface is large, effectively inhibit the wall surface effect and improve the energy storage characteristic.
The invention provides a mixed filling type heat/cold storage device which comprises a shell, wherein an energy storage medium is filled in the shell, the energy storage medium comprises a first energy storage medium, a second energy storage medium and a third energy storage medium which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the shell, the particle diameter of the first energy storage medium is larger than that of the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the second energy storage medium is larger than that of the third energy storage medium.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the two ends of the shell along the axial direction are respectively provided with the first heat exchange fluid inlet and the second heat exchange fluid inlet, and the first heat exchange fluid inlet and the second heat exchange fluid inlet are communicated with the inside of the shell.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, a first flow equalizing partition plate is arranged in the shell and close to the position of the first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet, and a first through hole is formed in the first flow equalizing partition plate; a second flow equalizing partition plate is arranged in the shell and close to the position of the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet, and a second through hole is formed in the second flow equalizing partition plate; the first flow equalizing partition plate, the second flow equalizing partition plate and the inner wall of the shell are enclosed to form a filling cavity, and the energy storage medium is filled in the filling cavity.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device, the shell comprises an inner shell wall and an outer shell wall, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the inner shell wall and the outer shell wall.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the inner wall and the outer wall of the shell are both made of metal materials.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the heat insulation layer is an aerogel felt layer, a glass wool layer, a rock wool layer, an expanded perlite layer, a foamed cement layer or a vacuum layer.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, a fourth energy storage medium is filled between the first energy storage media, and the particle diameter of the fourth energy storage medium is smaller than that of the first energy storage medium; and a fifth energy storage medium is filled between the first energy storage medium and the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the fifth energy storage medium is smaller than that of the second energy storage medium.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the energy storage medium is solid material particles, or the energy storage medium is phase-change material encapsulated capsule particles, or the energy storage medium is mixed particles of the solid material particles and the phase-change material encapsulated capsule particles.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the method for filling the energy storage medium along the radial direction of the shell is as follows:
acquiring basic parameters of the mixed filling type heat storage/cooler and the heat exchange fluid;
establishing an initial physical model of radial nonuniform filling of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler based on basic parameters of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler, wherein the particle diameter dpDistribution equation in the radial direction is dp＝A1r3+A2r2+A3r+A4Wherein A is1、A2、A3And A4All are constant coefficients, r is the radius of the packed bed;
determining the flow state of the heat exchange fluid in the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler by calculating a corrected Reynolds number;
changing the particle diameter d on the basis of the initial physical model by using a laminar flow model or a turbulent flow modelpBuilding different physical models of the mixed filling type heat storage/cooler along coefficients in a radial distribution equation, and acquiring corresponding flow velocity fields of the heat exchange fluid under the different physical models so as to acquire corresponding flow velocity uniformity under the different physical models;
comparing and analyzing the corresponding flow velocity uniformity under different physical models, and determining the corresponding particle diameter d under the physical model with the highest flow velocity uniformitypThe equations are distributed along the radial direction.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the energy storage medium is spherical, three holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the energy storage medium, each hole is cylindrical, and the axial direction of each hole points to the center of the energy storage medium.
According to the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention, the arrangement method of the holes on the surface of the energy storage medium is as follows:
determining a relationship between a ratio between a sphere diameter of the energy storage medium and a diameter of the hole and a Knudsen number;
determining a relationship between a ratio between a sphere diameter of the energy storage medium and a depth of the hole and a Knudsen number;
determining the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the diameter of the hole and the friction coefficient;
determining the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the depth of the hole and the friction coefficient;
defining a thermodynamics-flow comprehensive system S, determining the diameter and the depth of the hole by taking S as a comprehensive index, and calculating the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the diameter of the hole, the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the depth of the hole and the thermodynamics-flow comprehensive system S;
and acquiring the ratio between the corresponding spherical diameter of the energy storage medium and the diameter of the hole and the ratio between the corresponding spherical diameter of the energy storage medium and the depth of the hole when the comprehensive thermodynamic-flow system S is maximum.
One or more technical solutions in the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:
the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device provided by the invention is characterized in that a first energy storage medium, a second energy storage medium and a third energy storage medium are filled in a shell, wherein the first energy storage medium, the second energy storage medium and the third energy storage medium are sequentially arranged along the radial direction of the shell from inside to outside, the particle diameter of the first energy storage medium is larger than that of the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the second energy storage medium is larger than that of the third energy storage medium; that is, the first energy storage medium, the second energy storage medium and the third energy storage medium are filled in the shell in a layered manner along the radial direction, so that the mixed filling of the energy storage media with different particle sizes is realized, the filling porosity is effectively reduced, the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange fluid and the energy storage medium is enhanced, and the volume of the heat storage/cooler can be effectively reduced under the condition of fixing theoretical energy storage; meanwhile, the energy storage medium with small particles is filled at the position close to the inner wall of the shell, so that the problem of large gap at the position close to the wall is effectively solved, the adverse effect of the wall effect on the flow field in the heat storage/cooler is inhibited, and the energy storage characteristic of the heat storage/cooler is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid packed thermal storage/cooler provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the energy storage medium of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a housing; 101: the inner wall of the shell; 102: an outer wall of the housing;
103: a heat insulating layer; 2: an energy storage medium; 2A: a first energy storage medium;
2B: a second energy storage medium; 2C: a third energy storage medium; 2D: a fourth energy storage medium;
2E: a fifth energy storage medium; 3: a first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet; 4: a second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet;
5: a first flow equalizing baffle; 6: a second flow equalizing baffle.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
An embodiment of the hybrid packed thermal storage/cooler of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
The mixed filling type heat/cold storage device comprises a shell 1, wherein an energy storage medium 2 is filled in the shell 1, the energy storage medium 2 comprises a first energy storage medium 2A, a second energy storage medium 2B and a third energy storage medium 2C which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the shell 1, the particle diameter of the first energy storage medium 2A is larger than that of the second energy storage medium 2B, and the particle diameter of the second energy storage medium 2B is larger than that of the third energy storage medium 2C.
That is, according to the hybrid filling type heat/cold storage device of the embodiment of the present invention, the first energy storage medium 2A, the second energy storage medium 2B, and the third energy storage medium 2C are filled in the casing 1 in a radially layered manner, so that hybrid filling between the energy storage media 2 having different particle sizes is achieved, and by adopting the hybrid filling manner, not only is the filling porosity effectively reduced, but also the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange fluid and the energy storage medium 2 is enhanced, and the volume of the heat/cold storage device can be effectively reduced under the condition of fixing theoretical energy storage; meanwhile, the third energy storage medium 2C with smaller particles is filled at the position close to the inner wall of the shell 1, so that the problem of larger gap at the position close to the wall can be effectively solved, the adverse effect of the wall effect on the flow field in the heat storage/cooler is inhibited, and the energy storage characteristic of the heat storage/cooler is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3 and a second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 4 are respectively disposed at two ends of the housing 1 along the axial direction, and both the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3 and the second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 4 are communicated with the interior of the housing 1.
The heat exchange fluid can enter the shell 1 through the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3 and exchange heat with the energy storage medium 2, and then the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange is discharged from the shell 1 through the second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 4. The heat exchange fluid can also enter the shell 1 through the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 4 and exchange heat with the energy storage medium 2, and then the heat exchange fluid after heat exchange is discharged from the shell 1 through the first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 3.
In this embodiment, the port at the bottom of the housing 1 is set as the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3, and the port at the top of the housing 1 is set as the second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 4.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first flow equalizing partition plate 5 is disposed inside the casing 1 at a position close to the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3, and a plurality of first through holes are disposed on the first flow equalizing partition plate 5. A second flow equalizing partition plate 6 is arranged in the shell 1 and close to the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 4, and a plurality of second through holes are formed in the second flow equalizing partition plate 6. And a filling cavity is formed by enclosing the first flow equalizing partition plate 5, the second flow equalizing partition plate 6 and the inner wall 101 of the shell, and the energy storage medium 2 is filled in the filling cavity.
When the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device is used as a cold storage device, the mixed filling type heat/cold storage device can perform cold storage and cold release work; when used as a heat accumulator, the heat accumulator can perform heat storage and release work. The processes of cold storage and release will be specifically described below as an example.
In the cold storage process, low-temperature heat exchange fluid enters the heat storage/cold device through the first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 3 at the bottom, is dispersed through the first flow equalizing partition plate 5 and exchanges heat with the energy storage medium 2 more uniformly, the cold energy is released into the energy storage medium 2 by the low-temperature heat exchange fluid, and then the heat exchange fluid which is reheated to the normal temperature flows out of the heat storage/cold device through the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 4 at the top. Meanwhile, the energy storage medium 2 absorbs and stores cold energy from the low-temperature heat exchange fluid to finish the cold storage process.
In the process of cooling, the normal-temperature heat exchange fluid enters the heat/cold storage device through the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 4 at the top, is dispersed through the second flow equalizing partition plate 6 and exchanges heat with the energy storage medium 2 more uniformly, is cooled by the energy storage medium 2, and then flows out from the first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 3 at the bottom. Meanwhile, the energy storage medium 2 releases the cold energy stored in the cold storage process to the normal-temperature heat exchange fluid to complete the cold release process.
The difference between the heat storage and heat release processes and the cold storage and cold release processes is that the flow directions of the heat exchange fluid are opposite, namely in the heat storage process, the high-temperature heat exchange fluid enters the heat/cold storage device from the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 4 at the top and flows out of the heat/cold storage device from the first heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet 3 at the bottom; in the heat releasing process, the normal temperature heat exchange fluid enters the heat storage/cooler from the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 3 at the bottom and flows out of the heat storage/cooler from the second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet 4 at the top.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the housing 1 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 1 includes an inner housing wall 101 and an outer housing wall 102, and an insulating layer 103 is disposed between the inner housing wall 101 and the outer housing wall 102. That is, the structure of the casing 1 is, from the inside to the outside, a casing inner wall 101, an insulating layer 103, and a casing outer wall 102, respectively. The arrangement of the heat insulation layer 103 can effectively prevent the energy loss of the heat storage/cold storage device in the heat exchange and energy storage process through the shell 1.
Specifically, the inner casing wall 101 and the outer casing wall 102 are made of a metal material having high strength, stable properties, and a low thermal conductivity, such as titanium, aluminum, and steel, so as to further reduce energy loss while ensuring structural strength.
Specifically, one or more layers of insulation 103 may be filled between the housing inner wall 101 and the housing outer wall 102. According to the actual use requirement, the heat insulation layer 103 can be an aerogel felt layer, a glass wool layer, a rock wool layer, an expanded perlite layer, a foamed cement layer or a vacuum layer, so that the energy loss is effectively reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a fourth energy storage medium 2D is filled in the gap between the first energy storage media 2A, and the particle diameter of the fourth energy storage medium 2D is smaller than that of the first energy storage medium 2A. A fifth energy storage medium 2E is filled in a gap between the first energy storage medium 2A and the second energy storage medium 2B, and the particle diameter of the fifth energy storage medium 2E is smaller than that of the second energy storage medium 2B. By filling the fourth energy storage medium 2D and the fifth energy storage medium 2E, the filling porosity can be further reduced, and the heat exchange effect between the heat exchange fluid and the energy storage medium is enhanced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in particular, the energy storage medium 2 filled inside the housing 1 is a solid material particle; or the energy storage medium 2 filled in the shell 1 is phase change material encapsulated capsule particles; or, the energy storage medium 2 filled in the shell 1 is a mixture of solid material particles and phase change material encapsulated particles. The particle diameter of each energy storage medium 2 should be larger than the diameter of the first through hole and the second through hole.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method of filling the energy storage medium 2 in the radial direction of the housing 1 is as follows:
and acquiring basic parameters of the mixed packed heat/cold storage device and the heat exchange fluid, wherein the basic parameters of the vacuum heat-insulation heat/cold storage device comprise the diameter of the packed bed, the height of the packed bed, the particle diameter of the energy storage medium 2 and the porosity of the energy storage medium 2, and the basic parameters of the heat exchange fluid comprise the density of the heat exchange fluid, the specific heat capacity of the heat exchange fluid, the heat conductivity of the heat exchange fluid, the inlet flow of the heat exchange fluid and the inlet temperature of the heat exchange fluid. And a cavity formed by enclosing the first flow equalizing partition plate 5, the second flow equalizing partition plate 6 and the inner wall 101 of the shell is filled with the energy storage medium 2 to form a packed bed.
Establishing an initial physical model of radial nonuniform filling of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler based on basic parameters of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler, wherein the diameter d of the particlespDistribution equation in the radial direction is dp＝A1r3+A2r2＋A3r+A4Wherein A is1、A2、A3And A4All are constant coefficients, and r is the radius of the packed bed.
By calculating the corrected Reynolds number RedThe flow state of the heat exchange fluid inside the hybrid packed thermal storage/cooler is determined. When Red>At 300, the state is turbulent flow; when Red<At 300, the state is laminar.
Changing the diameter d of the particles on the basis of the initial physical model by adopting a laminar flow model or a turbulent flow modelpAnd (4) building different physical models of the mixed filling type heat storage/cooler along the coefficients in the radial distribution equation, and acquiring the corresponding flow velocity fields of the heat exchange fluid under the different physical models so as to acquire the corresponding flow velocity uniformity under the different physical models. Wherein the flow rate uniformity is characterized by the standard deviation of the radial temperature of the same plane.
Comparing and analyzing the corresponding flow velocity uniformity under different physical models, and determining the corresponding particle diameter d under the physical model with the highest flow velocity uniformitypThe radial distribution equation, in turn, enables the particle diameter size of each energy storage medium 2 filled in the radial direction of the housing 1 to be determined.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage medium 2 is spherical, three holes 201 are uniformly formed on the surface of the energy storage medium 2, each hole 201 is cylindrical, and the axial direction of each hole 201 points to the center of the energy storage medium 2.
Specifically, the method for disposing the holes 201 on the surface of the energy storage medium 2 is as follows:
the relation between the ratio D/D between the diameter D of the sphere of the energy storage medium 2 and the diameter D of the hole 201 and the Nu of the energy storage medium is determined by theoretical calculation and experimental measurement methods. That is, D/D ═ f1(Nu)。
The relation between the ratio D/L between the diameter D of the sphere of the energy storage medium and the depth L of the hole 201 and the Nu of the Nu is determined through theoretical calculation and experimental measurement methods. That is, D/L ═ f2(Nu)。
The relation between the friction coefficient f and the ratio D/D between the sphere diameter D of the energy storage medium 2 and the diameter D of the hole 201 is determined by theoretical calculation and experimental measurement methods. That is, D/D ═ h1(f)。
The relation between the friction coefficient f and the ratio D/L between the sphere diameter D of the energy storage medium 2 and the depth L of the hole 201 is determined through theoretical calculation and experimental measurement methods. That is, D/L ═ h2(f)。
Defining a thermodynamic-flow synthesis system S, in whichS＝Nuafb(a>0,b<0) Taking S as a comprehensive index for determining the diameter and the depth of the hole 201, a and b are constant indexes respectively, and combining f1、f2、h1、h2And S, calculating the relation between the ratio of the sphere diameter D of the energy storage medium 2 to the diameter D of the hole 201, the ratio of the sphere diameter D of the energy storage medium 2 to the depth L of the hole 201 and the thermodynamics-flow comprehensive system S:
S＝(D/d，D/L)
and acquiring the ratio between the sphere diameter D of the corresponding energy storage medium 2 and the diameter D of the hole 201 and the ratio between the sphere diameter D of the corresponding energy storage medium 2 and the depth L of the hole 201 when the thermodynamic-flow comprehensive system S is maximum according to the determined relation between S, D/D and D/L, and finally completing the optimal perforation arrangement of the hole 201 on the surface of the energy storage medium 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The mixed filling type heat/cold storage device is characterized by comprising a shell, wherein an energy storage medium is filled in the shell, the energy storage medium comprises a first energy storage medium, a second energy storage medium and a third energy storage medium which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction of the shell, the particle diameter of the first energy storage medium is larger than that of the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the second energy storage medium is larger than that of the third energy storage medium.
2. The hybrid packed thermal storage/cooler according to claim 1, wherein the housing is provided at both ends in the axial direction thereof with a first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet and a second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet, respectively, and both the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet and the second heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet communicate with the interior of the housing.
3. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage/storage device of claim 2 wherein a first flow equalizing partition is provided in the interior of the housing adjacent to the first heat exchange fluid inlet/outlet, the first flow equalizing partition being provided with first through holes; a second flow equalizing partition plate is arranged in the shell and close to the position of the second heat exchange fluid inlet and outlet, and a second through hole is formed in the second flow equalizing partition plate; the first flow equalizing partition plate, the second flow equalizing partition plate and the inner wall of the shell are enclosed to form a filling cavity, and the energy storage medium is filled in the filling cavity.
4. The hybrid packed thermal storage/cooler of claim 1 wherein the housing includes an inner housing wall and an outer housing wall with an insulating layer disposed therebetween.
5. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage/cooler of claim 4 wherein said inner and outer shell walls are made of a metallic material; the heat insulation layer is an aerogel felt layer, a glass wool layer, a rock wool layer, an expanded perlite layer, a foamed cement layer or a vacuum layer.
6. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage device of claim 1 wherein a fourth energy storage medium is packed between the first energy storage medium, the fourth energy storage medium having a smaller particle diameter than the first energy storage medium; and a fifth energy storage medium is filled between the first energy storage medium and the second energy storage medium, and the particle diameter of the fifth energy storage medium is smaller than that of the second energy storage medium.
7. The hybrid fill-type heat/cold storage device of claim 1, wherein the energy storage medium is solid material particles, or the energy storage medium is phase change material encapsulated particles, or the energy storage medium is a mixture of solid material particles and phase change material encapsulated particles.
8. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage unit of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the energy storage medium is packed in the radial direction of the housing by the following method:
acquiring basic parameters of the mixed filling type heat storage/cooler and the heat exchange fluid;
establishing an initial physical model of radial nonuniform filling of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler based on basic parameters of the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler, wherein the particle diameter dpDistribution equation in the radial direction is dp＝A1r3+A2r2+A3r+A4Wherein A is1、A2、A3And A4All are constant coefficients, r is the radius of the packed bed;
determining the flow state of the heat exchange fluid in the mixed filling type heat accumulation/cooler by calculating a corrected Reynolds number;
changing the particle diameter d on the basis of the initial physical model by using a laminar flow model or a turbulent flow modelpBuilding different physical models of the mixed filling type heat storage/cooler along coefficients in a radial distribution equation, and acquiring corresponding flow velocity fields of the heat exchange fluid under the different physical models so as to acquire corresponding flow velocity uniformity under the different physical models;
comparing and analyzing the corresponding flow velocity uniformity under different physical models, and determining the corresponding particle diameter d under the physical model with the highest flow velocity uniformitypThe equations are distributed along the radial direction.
9. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage device of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the energy storage medium is spherical, three holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the energy storage medium, each hole is cylindrical, and the axial direction of each hole is directed toward the center of the energy storage medium.
10. The hybrid packed thermal/cold storage device of claim 9 wherein the holes are placed on the surface of the energy storage medium by the following method:
determining a relationship between a ratio between a sphere diameter of the energy storage medium and a diameter of the hole and a Knudsen number;
determining a relationship between a ratio between a sphere diameter of the energy storage medium and a depth of the hole and a Knudsen number;
determining the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the diameter of the hole and the friction coefficient;
determining the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the depth of the hole and the friction coefficient;
defining a thermodynamics-flow comprehensive system S, determining the diameter and the depth of the hole by taking S as a comprehensive index, and calculating the relation between the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the diameter of the hole, the ratio of the diameter of the sphere of the energy storage medium to the depth of the hole and the thermodynamics-flow comprehensive system S;
and acquiring the ratio between the corresponding spherical diameter of the energy storage medium and the diameter of the hole and the ratio between the corresponding spherical diameter of the energy storage medium and the depth of the hole when the comprehensive thermodynamic-flow system S is maximum.
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