CN113432030A - Method for manufacturing bottle type container with stainless steel liner and carbon fiber wound completely - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing bottle type container with stainless steel liner and carbon fiber wound completely Download PDFInfo
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- CN113432030A CN113432030A CN202110631969.9A CN202110631969A CN113432030A CN 113432030 A CN113432030 A CN 113432030A CN 202110631969 A CN202110631969 A CN 202110631969A CN 113432030 A CN113432030 A CN 113432030A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2154—Winding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with a stainless steel liner, which comprises the following steps: selecting a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe as a base material, and performing hot spinning to form an oval end enclosure with a bottleneck; finish machining is carried out on the outer surface of the bottleneck, and the reinforcing lantern ring is sleeved at the bottleneck; carrying out continuous solution heat treatment to obtain a uniform unidirectional austenite structure; winding carbon fibers at the seamless stainless steel liner by adopting orthogonal winding and cross winding, and filling epoxy resin between the carbon fibers to obtain a carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer; winding glass fiber on the outer surface of the carbon fiber winding bearing layer to obtain a glass fiber winding protective layer arranged outside the carbon fiber winding bearing layer; transferring the bottle-type container to a curing oven for drying and curing. The method reduces the high-pressure damage of the large-capacity fixed hydrogen storage device. The invention also provides a structure of the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container prepared by the method, and the structure has strong pressure resistance and is not easy to corrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-capacity high-pressure gas storage equipment, in particular to a manufacturing method and a structure of a carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with a stainless steel inner container.
Background
One of the important end applications of hydrogen energy is fuel cell electric vehicles, and a hydrogen refueling station is an important infrastructure for the development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell electric vehicles as a place for refueling the hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. By the end of 2020, about 50 hydrogenation stations are built in China, and the number of the hydrogenation stations in China reaches 1000 by 2030. At present, the pressure of a hydrogen storage bottle type container in a hydrogen station is mostly 50MPa, but with the development of 70MPa passenger cars, the hydrogen station is also gradually provided with 70MPa hydrogen storage and buffer tanks in the hydrogen station.
The small-volume gas cylinder group and the steel belt cross-wound high-pressure container are limited by the manufacturing cost, the manufacturing period, the combination mode, the capacity and the pressure-bearing capacity, and the small-volume gas cylinder group and the steel belt cross-wound high-pressure container are far from meeting the requirements of market development. The key points of improving the filling pressure and the storage capacity of the hydrogen, optimizing the hydrogenation process and improving the hydrogenation efficiency are to improve the pressure resistance of the hydrogen storage bottle type container and the volume ratio of the high, medium and low pressure bottle type containers. Increasing the hydrogen filling pressure necessitates increasing the outlet pressure of the hydrogen compressor and the operating pressure of the hydrogen storage vessel.
The high-pressure hydrogen storage has the advantages of simple equipment structure, less compression energy consumption, high charging and discharging speed and the like, and is the mainstream storage mode of hydrogen in the existing hydrogen filling station. However, increasing the operating pressure of a hydrogen storage cylinder vessel is limited by the materials, vessel outside diameter, structure, process, and "hydrogen embrittlement". Hydrogen embrittlement is the phenomenon in which hydrogen atoms penetrate into the crystal lattice of the steel material, causing swelling and hydrogen-induced cracking of the material. When the content of impurity components, particularly sulfur or phosphorus, in the steel is high, hydride is easily generated in combination under a high-pressure hydrogen environment, so that the overall plasticity is reduced, and a chain reaction of cracking is generated at a stress concentration part or a defect. Therefore, the design and production of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle type container adopt a very careful attitude.
At present, 4 types of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage cylinders mainly comprise seamless steel cylinders (I type) or cylinder type containers, steel liner fiber winding cylinders (II type), metal (aluminum and stainless steel) liner fiber winding cylinders (III type) and plastic liner fiber winding cylinders (IV type).
The hydrogen storage gas cylinder group for the hydrogenation station mainly comprises a plurality of seamless steel gas cylinders (I type), steel liner fiber winding cylinders (II type) or aluminum liner fiber winding cylinders (III type), and has the advantages of easy pressure classification and volume combination, short manufacturing period, short delivery period, strong site adaptability, simple forming process and low manufacturing cost; meanwhile, the device has the defects of small unit volume, large number of containers, many leakage points, large safety distance, large one-time investment and high operation cost, and the gas cylinder is designed according to the gas cylinder standard, is supervised by TSG23 gas cylinder safety technical regulation, cannot be inspected on site at regular intervals, needs to be inspected in an integral re-inspection station, and is difficult to implement and high in cost.
The fixed hydrogen storage is generally a steel seamless gas cylinder in the prior art, the device is formed by locally heating, spinning and closing up a seamless steel pipe at two ends, belongs to an integral weldless structure, avoids the defects of cracks, air holes, slag inclusion and the like possibly caused by welding, and uses high-strength steel which is sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement. Meanwhile, as the wall thickness is thick, the process problems of spinning closing and heat treatment are difficult to occur, and some foreign enterprises develop large-volume carbon fiber fully-wound composite material gas cylinders for hydrogen storage of a hydrogenation station, although the sensitivity of the device to hydrogen brittleness is low, the cost is very high, and the wide application of the device is limited.
The specification with the publication number of CN108758324A discloses a high-pressure gas storage cylinder for a fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicle and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem that the cruising performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is seriously affected due to heavy weight and low hydrogen storage density per unit weight in the prior art. The high-pressure gas storage bottle for the fuel cell unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an aluminum inner container, wherein the aluminum inner container is formed by punching and drawing an aluminum plate, is provided with a front end socket and a rear end socket at the front end and is used for storing hydrogen, is arranged at a bottle opening at the front end socket, and is formed by winding a carbon fiber epoxy system composite material on the outer wall of the aluminum inner container in a circumferential, longitudinal and spiral mode in a crossed and overlapped mode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, manufacturing an aluminum inner container; step 2, winding a strength layer; and 3, coating a light-cured resin layer. The carbon fiber wound gas cylinder with the aluminum liner is limited by the rigidity of an aluminum alloy material, a forming process and other factors, the volume of the III-type gas cylinder at home and abroad cannot exceed 450L, and the cost is high.
The specification with the publication number of CN105605415B discloses a processing technology of a large-volume full-winding high-pressure hydrogen storage container, which comprises the processing steps of inner container spinning, homogenizing treatment and winding and curing a composite reinforced shell layer, wherein the inner container spinning comprises the following steps: step one, heating a closing section of a seamless steel pipe blank to 1000-1180 ℃; step two, spinning and sealing the head and gathering the stub bar: forming a structure of a smooth epitaxial gathering head of the hemispherical end socket; step three, thickening the gathering head: forming a seal head and a material gathering head with increased wall thickness; and step four, forming a structure of a straight-section bottleneck of the smooth extension of the ellipsoidal shoulder. The invention mainly aims at spinning the steel inner container with large volume, thick wall and long port, and the working pressure of the hydrogen storage container can reach 90MPa and the volume can reach more than 500L by winding and strengthening all-round high-strength fibers at the bottle body, the bottle shoulder and the bottle mouth of the steel inner container. The inner container of the patent adopts high-quality chromium-molybdenum steel, but the chromium-molybdenum steel has the risk of hydrogen damage such as inner surface decarburization, bulging, hydrogen induced cracking and the like in a high-pressure hydrogen environment, particularly over 69 MPa. Hydrogen damage causes a local or global reduction in mechanical properties, even to the propagation of macrocracks, leading to failure of the pressure vessel. When the chromium-molybdenum steel container is solidified and subjected to hydrostatic test, the interior of the chromium-molybdenum steel container can be oxidized and rusted, the chromium-molybdenum steel container is difficult to treat, and the risk of insufficient flow caused by internal leakage and pipeline blockage due to damage of a valve sealing surface can be caused during use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with a stainless steel liner, which actively regulates and controls through a relevant mechanism of a manufacturing process and hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and solves the problems of internal leakage of a valve and insufficient flow of a pipeline caused by high-pressure hydrogen damage of a large-capacity fixed type hydrogen storage device and corrosion of the inner wall in the manufacturing and using processes.
A method for manufacturing a carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with a stainless steel liner comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 406-660 mm, the thickness of 8.8-16 mm and the designed water capacity of 500-2000L as a base material, and carrying out hot spinning on two ends of the base material to form an elliptical seal head with a bottleneck;
(2) performing finish machining on the outer surface of the bottleneck, heating the reinforcing lantern ring to 300-450 ℃, and then sleeving the reinforcing lantern ring on the outer surface of the bottleneck;
(3) carrying out continuous solution heat treatment on the stainless steel inner container obtained in the step (2) to ensure that the microstructure of the stainless steel inner container is a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure;
(4) winding carbon fibers on the outer surface of the seamless stainless steel liner by adopting a combined winding process of orthogonal winding and cross winding, and filling epoxy resin between the carbon fibers to obtain a carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer wound outside the stainless steel liner;
(5) winding glass fibers on the outer surface of the carbon fiber winding bearing layer, and filling epoxy resin between the glass fibers to obtain a glass fiber winding protective layer arranged outside the carbon fiber winding bearing layer;
(6) transferring the wound bottle container to a curing oven for drying and curing.
In the step (1), the specific steps of hot spinning the elliptical seal head are as follows:
(1-1) stretching the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe into a main shaft, and clamping the outer wall of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe by a clamping jaw of a spindle of a spinning machine when the pressure of a hydraulic station reaches a preset value;
(1-2) moving the intermediate frequency furnace to enable the pipe orifice part of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe to enter the intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the length of the pipe orifice part entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 700-800 mm, and starting the intermediate frequency furnace to heat to enable the heating temperature of the pipe orifice part to reach 1000-1050 ℃;
(1-3) withdrawing the pipe orifice part from the intermediate frequency furnace, and then carrying out heat supplementing on the pipe orifice part by using a heat supplementing gun, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft of a spinning machine is 200 r/min-300 r/min, a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is subjected to arc spinning for 11-18 times by a spinning wheel to form a stainless steel inner container, the outer diameter of a bottleneck of the stainless steel inner container is phi 76-120 mm, the inner diameter is phi 45-58 mm, and the shape of the bottle shoulder, the section thickness of the bottleneck and the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottle shoulder are required to meet the design requirements.
In the step (2), after the reinforced lantern ring is heated and sleeved on the bottleneck, the bonding force between the cooled reinforced lantern ring and the bottleneck is not less than 100 Mpa.
Preferably, in the step (2), the finish machining length of the outer surface of the bottle neck is 110-130mm, and the surface roughness of the outer surface of the bottle neck after finish machining is not more than 0.8 μm.
In the step (3), the stainless steel inner container is subjected to continuous solid solution heat treatment, and the specific steps are as follows:
(3-1) heating the stainless steel inner container to 1050-1150 ℃, and simultaneously dissolving carbide in the temperature rise process;
(3-2) keeping the temperature properly so that carbides and various alloying elements are uniformly dissolved in austenite;
(3-3) autorotating the stainless steel inner container at the rotating speed of 20-30 r/min; and spraying the quenching liquid from the upper part, so that the stainless steel inner container is cooled to be below 350 ℃ at a cooling speed of not less than 55 ℃/s, and a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure is obtained.
In the step (3-3), the cooling speed is not lower than 55 ℃/s, so that the stainless steel liner rapidly passes through a re-precipitation temperature zone (550-850 ℃) after carbide is subjected to solid solution, and carbon and other alloy elements are not precipitated in time, so that a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure is obtained.
Preferably, the stainless steel inner container obtained in the step (3) is subjected to solution heat treatment, so that the roundness of the stainless steel inner container is not more than 2% of the average outer diameter of the corresponding circular cross section, the straightness is not more than 0.15% of the total length, and the grain size of a metallographic structure is not less than 6 grades.
And (4) winding carbon fibers on the outer surface of the seamless stainless steel liner, wherein the carbon fibers are continuously infiltrated through a glue groove during winding, the carbon fiber wires infiltrated with the epoxy resin glue solution are wound on the seamless stainless steel liner, and the epoxy resin glue solution is filled in gaps among the carbon fibers.
In the step (4), the carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer is obtained by adopting a combined winding process of orthogonal winding and cross winding, and the specific steps are as follows:
during cross winding, the carbon fiber yarns soaked in the epoxy resin glue solution are subjected to reciprocating winding with a helix angle of 50-65 degrees in the bottle body range; when orthogonal winding is carried out, the carbon fiber filaments soaked in the epoxy resin glue solution are circularly and reciprocally wound in the range of the bottle body; and performing cross combination winding of cross winding and orthogonal winding.
In the step (5), the glass fibers are continuously infiltrated through the glue groove, the glass fiber yarns infiltrated with the epoxy resin glue solution are wound on the carbon fiber winding layer, and the epoxy resin glue solution is filled in gaps among the glass fibers and the carbon fibers.
In the step (5), a glass fiber protective layer with the thickness of 2-3 mm is formed by spirally and reciprocatingly surrounding the bottle mouths at two ends along the axial direction from one end of the bottle mouth, and the glass fiber winding protective layer prevents impact damage from cutting off carbon fibers in the carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer, so that a local fatigue failure point is prevented from being formed, and the compression compensation effect of the whole carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer on the liner is prevented from failing.
Carrying out self-tightening and hydrostatic test on the cured winding bottle type container, which comprises the following specific steps: the solidified winding bottle type container is connected into a water jacket cover and tightly connected, the overturning frame is slowly overturned to 90 degrees through a hydrostatic test, the overturning frame is vertically placed into a well casing, the pressure is increased to the set self-tightening pressure, and the pressure is maintained for 60 s; pressurizing the water pressure test for 120 s; calculating the total expansion, the elastic expansion and the residual expansion rate, wherein the residual expansion rate is less than 5%; and finally, cleaning and drying the winding bottle type container. Because the stainless steel inner container is made of austenitic stainless steel materials, the inner wall of the stainless steel inner container cannot be rusted in a hydrostatic test.
The invention also provides a structure of the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container prepared by the method, and the structure has strong pressure resistance and is not easy to corrode.
The carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container structure with the stainless steel liner comprises the stainless steel liner, wherein bottle necks are arranged at two ends of the stainless steel liner, a carbon fiber winding bearing layer is arranged outside the stainless steel liner, and a glass fiber winding protective layer is arranged outside the carbon fiber winding bearing layer; the bottleneck department has cup jointed the enhancement lantern ring, the both ends of carbon fiber winding bearing layer all offset with the enhancement lantern ring.
Preferably, the outer ring surface of the reinforcing lantern ring is provided with threads, and as the traditional full-winding bottle type container adopts a carbon fiber composite layer to wind the bottleneck to ensure the pressure resistance of the bottleneck, external threads cannot be processed at the bottleneck.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the inner container of the bottle-type container is made of austenitic stainless steel, and the austenitic stainless steel can prevent decarburization even at a high temperature of 538 ℃, so that the bottle-type container has good compatibility with compressed gases such as hydrogen, methane, helium and the like, particularly has good compatibility with the hydrogen, and avoids hydrogen damage;
2. the inner container of the bottle-type container is made of austenitic stainless steel materials, and forms an austenite structure after solution treatment, wherein the austenite structure has compactness and good barrier property to small molecule gases such as hydrogen, helium and the like;
3. two ends of the stainless steel inner container are thermally spun into an oval end socket, so that the fatigue resistance of the container is improved;
4. the stainless steel liner is subjected to solution treatment and is rapidly cooled in water, and residual compressive stress is formed on the surface of the stainless steel liner, so that the fatigue resistance of the bottle type container is improved;
5. the high-strength carbon fiber is adopted for winding, a pressure bearing layer is formed after curing, and the pressure bearing layer can bear 2.5 times of working pressure without failure, so that the safety margin is large when the working pressure is 87.5-100 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottle-type container with a stainless steel liner and carbon fibers fully wound thereon according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the stainless steel liner and the reinforcement collar of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the carbon fiber winding of the bottle container with the stainless steel liner fully wound with carbon fiber according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, the structure of the carbon fiber fully-wound bottle-type container with a stainless steel liner comprises a stainless steel liner 1 with bottlenecks at two ends, a carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer 2 is arranged outside the stainless steel liner 1, and a glass fiber winding protective layer 3 is arranged outside the carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer 2; the reinforcing lantern ring 4 is sleeved at the bottleneck, and the two ends of the carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer 2 are both propped against the reinforcing lantern ring 4. Taking the structure of the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the manufacturing method is as follows:
example 1:
(1) selecting a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 660mm, the thickness of 8.8mm and the designed water capacity of 2000L as a base material, and carrying out hot spinning on two ends of the base material to form an oval end enclosure with a bottleneck, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1-1) extending the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe into a main shaft, wherein the length of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is about 980mm, and when the pressure of a pressure gauge of a hydraulic station reaches 5.3MPa, clamping jaws of the main shaft of a spinning machine clamp the outer wall of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe;
(1-2) moving the intermediate frequency furnace to enable the pipe orifice part of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe to enter the intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the length of the pipe orifice part entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 750mm, and starting the intermediate frequency furnace to heat to enable the heating temperature of the pipe orifice part to reach 1000-1050 ℃;
(1-3) withdrawing the pipe orifice part from the intermediate frequency furnace, and then carrying out heat supplementing on the heated part of the pipe orifice by using a heat supplementing gun, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft of a spinning machine is 280r/min, a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is subjected to 16 times of arc spinning by a spinning wheel to form a stainless steel inner container 1, the outer diameter size of a bottleneck of the stainless steel inner container 1 is 70mm, the inner diameter size is 50mm, and the shape of the bottle shoulder, the section thickness size of the bottleneck and the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottle shoulder are required to meet the design requirements.
(2) Finish machining is carried out on the outer surface of the bottleneck, then the reinforcing lantern ring 4 is heated to 300-450 ℃, and then is sleeved on the outer surface of the bottleneck, and the bonding force between the reinforcing lantern ring 4 and the bottleneck after cooling is not less than 100 MPa;
the finish length of the outer surface of the bottle neck was 120mm, and the surface roughness of the outer surface of the bottle neck after finish machining was 0.8 μm.
(3) And (3) carrying out continuous solution heat treatment on the stainless steel liner 1 obtained in the step (2), wherein the stainless steel liner 1 enters one furnace every 40min, and each stainless steel liner passes through a preheating zone, a heating zone and a heat preservation zone in the furnace, and the time accumulated in the furnace reaches 200min, so that the microstructure of the stainless steel liner 1 is a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3-1) heating the stainless steel inner container 1 to 1050-1150 ℃, and simultaneously dissolving carbide in the temperature rise process;
(3-2) keeping the temperature so that carbides and various alloying elements are uniformly dissolved in austenite;
(3-3) rotating the stainless steel inner container 1 at the rotation speed of 28 r/min; the quenching liquid is sprayed from the upper part, so that the stainless steel liner 1 is cooled to 300 ℃ at a cooling speed of 60 ℃/s and taken out, a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure, is obtained, the roundness of the stainless steel liner 1 is not more than 2% of the average outer diameter of the corresponding circular section, the straightness is not more than 0.15% of the total length, and the grain size of a metallographic structure is not less than 6 grade.
In the step (3-3), the stainless steel liner 1 rapidly passes through a re-precipitation temperature zone (550-850 ℃) after carbide is subjected to solid solution, and carbon and other alloy elements are not precipitated in time, so that a supersaturated solid solution, namely a uniform unidirectional austenite structure is obtained.
Filling gaps between carbon fibers and gaps between glass fibers with conventional epoxy resin glue liquid in the field, wherein the epoxy resin glue liquid can be prepared by adding auxiliary agents such as a curing agent, a defoaming agent, a toughening agent, an accelerator and the like into epoxy resin NPEL-128; fully stirring the glue solution for not less than 3 minutes; the principle of a small amount of times is adopted during glue preparation, and the epoxy glue solution prepared each time is not more than 5 kg.
(4) Adopt the combination winding technology of quadrature winding and alternately winding to twine the carbon fiber at the surface of seamless stainless steel inner bag 1, the carbon fiber carries out continuous infiltration through gluey groove during the winding, the carbon fiber silk of infiltration epoxy glue solution twines on stainless steel inner bag 1, the gap department between the carbon fiber is filled to the epoxy glue solution, epoxy glue solidification back obtains the carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer 2 of winding outside stainless steel inner bag 1, its concrete step is as follows:
(4-1) connecting the stainless steel inner container 1 with winding equipment, pouring epoxy resin glue solution into a glue tank, introducing carbon fibers into a winding head after the carbon fibers pass through a rotor of the glue tank, wherein the number of the carbon fibers is 24, and the pretightening force is 15N;
(4-2) as shown in fig. 3, winding according to a combined winding procedure of orthogonal winding and cross winding and the number of carbon fibers, wherein during cross winding, the carbon fiber filaments soaked in the epoxy resin glue solution are subjected to reciprocating winding with a helix angle of 50-65 degrees in the bottle body range; when orthogonal winding is carried out, the carbon fiber filaments soaked in the epoxy resin glue solution are circularly and reciprocally wound in the range of the bottle body; performing cross combined winding of cross winding and orthogonal winding; the rotating speed of the bottle-type container during winding is 20r/min, the carbon fiber creel trolley moves along the axis of the bottle-type container, and the moving speed is as follows: 9844 mm/min;
and (4-3) cutting off the joint after the carbon fiber winding is finished.
(5) Winding glass fiber at carbon fiber winding bearing layer 2's surface, carry out continuous infiltration to glass fiber through the jiao chi, the glass fiber silk winding of infiltration epoxy glue solution is on carbon fiber winding layer, and the epoxy glue solution is filled in the space department between glass fiber and the carbon fiber, and the epoxy solidification back obtains locating the outer glass fiber winding protective layer 3 of carbon fiber winding bearing layer 2, and its concrete step is as follows:
(5-1) pouring the prepared epoxy resin glue solution into a glue tank, and introducing glass fibers into a filament winding head after the glass fibers pass through a rotor of the glue tank, wherein the number of the glass fibers is 24;
(5-2) winding the fiber number according to a set program: spirally and reciprocatingly surrounding the bottle openings at two ends along the axial direction from one end of the bottle opening to form a glass fiber protective layer with the thickness of 8 mm; the rotating speed of the bottle-type container during winding is 20r/min, the carbon fiber creel trolley moves along the axis of the bottle-type container, and the moving speed is as follows: 9844 mm/min;
and (5-3) after the glass fiber is wound, scraping redundant glue solution by using a scraper, and attaching a gas cylinder label on the last layer.
(6) Transferring the wound bottle-type container to a curing furnace for drying and curing;
carrying out self-tightening and hydrostatic test on the cured fully-wound bottle type container, which comprises the following specific steps:
the solidified winding bottle type container is connected into a water jacket cover and tightly connected, the overturning frame is slowly overturned to 90 degrees through a hydrostatic test, the overturning frame is vertically placed into a well casing, the pressure is increased to the set self-tightening pressure, and the pressure is maintained for 60 s; pressurizing the water pressure test for 120 s; calculating the total expansion, elastic expansion and residual expansion rate, wherein the residual expansion rate is 2%; and finally, cleaning and drying the winding bottle type container. Because the stainless steel inner container 1 is made of austenitic stainless steel materials, the inner wall of the stainless steel inner container is not rusted in a hydrostatic test.
Example 2: the difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
in the step (1), a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 406mm, the thickness of 16mm and the designed water capacity of 500L is selected as a base material, and two ends of the base material are subjected to hot spinning to form an oval end enclosure with a bottleneck, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1-1) extending the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe into a main shaft, wherein the length of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is about 980mm, and when the pressure of a pressure gauge of a hydraulic station reaches 5.3MPa, clamping jaws of the main shaft of a spinning machine clamp the outer wall of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe;
(1-2) moving the intermediate frequency furnace to enable the pipe orifice part of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe to enter the intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the length of the pipe orifice part entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 750mm, and starting the intermediate frequency furnace to heat to enable the heating temperature of the pipe orifice part to reach 1000-1050 ℃;
(1-3) withdrawing the pipe orifice part from the intermediate frequency furnace, and then carrying out heat supplementing on the heated part of the pipe orifice by using a heat supplementing gun, wherein the rotating speed of a main shaft of a spinning machine is 280r/min, a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is subjected to 18 times of arc spinning by a spinning wheel to form a stainless steel inner container 1, the outer diameter size of a bottleneck of the stainless steel inner container 1 is 80mm, the inner diameter size is 40mm, and the shape of the bottle shoulder, the section thickness size of the bottleneck and the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface of the bottle shoulder are required to meet the design requirements.
After the same steps (2) to (6) as in example 1, the cured fully-wrapped bottle type container was subjected to a self-tightening and hydrostatic test at a residual expansion rate of 2.5%; and finally, cleaning and drying the winding bottle type container.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing method of the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) selecting a seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 406-660 mm, the thickness of 8.8-16 mm and the designed water capacity of 500-2000L as a base material, and carrying out hot spinning on two ends of the base material to form an elliptical seal head with a bottleneck;
(2) finish machining the outer surface of the bottleneck, heating the reinforcing lantern ring to 300-450 ℃, and then sleeving the reinforcing lantern ring on the outer surface of the bottleneck;
(3) carrying out continuous solution heat treatment on the stainless steel inner container obtained in the step (2) to enable the microstructure of the stainless steel inner container to be a supersaturated solid solution;
(4) winding carbon fibers on the outer surface of the seamless stainless steel liner by adopting a combined winding process of orthogonal winding and cross winding, and filling epoxy resin between the carbon fibers to obtain a carbon fiber winding pressure-bearing layer wound outside the stainless steel liner;
(5) winding glass fibers on the outer surface of the carbon fiber winding bearing layer, and filling epoxy resin between the glass fibers to obtain a glass fiber winding protective layer arranged outside the carbon fiber winding bearing layer;
(6) transferring the wound bottle container to a curing oven for drying and curing.
2. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with the stainless steel liner as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the specific steps of hot spinning the elliptical head are as follows:
(1-1) stretching the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe into a main shaft, and clamping the outer wall of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe by a clamping jaw of a spindle of a spinning machine when the pressure of a hydraulic station reaches a preset value;
(1-2) moving the intermediate frequency furnace to enable the pipe orifice part of the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe to enter the intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the length of the pipe orifice part entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 700-800 mm, and starting the intermediate frequency furnace to heat to enable the heating temperature of the pipe orifice part to reach 1000-1050 ℃;
and (1-3) withdrawing the pipe orifice part from the intermediate frequency furnace, and then performing heat supplementing by using a heat supplementing gun, wherein the rotating speed of a spinning machine spindle is 200 r/min-300 r/min, and the seamless austenitic stainless steel pipe is subjected to arc spinning for 11-18 times by using a spinning wheel to form a stainless steel inner container.
3. The method for manufacturing a carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with a stainless steel liner according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the stainless steel liner is subjected to continuous solution heat treatment by the following specific steps:
(3-1) heating the stainless steel inner container to 1050-1150 ℃, and simultaneously dissolving carbide in the temperature rise process;
(3-2) keeping the temperature so that carbides and various alloying elements are uniformly dissolved in austenite;
(3-3) autorotating the stainless steel inner container at the rotating speed of 20-30 r/min; spraying the quenching liquid from the upper part to cool the stainless steel inner container to below 350 ℃ at a cooling speed of not less than 55 ℃/s to obtain a supersaturated solid solution.
4. The method for manufacturing the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), carbon fibers are wound on the outer surface of the seamless stainless steel liner, the carbon fibers are continuously infiltrated through a glue groove during winding, carbon fiber wires infiltrated with epoxy resin glue solution are wound on the seamless stainless steel liner, and the epoxy resin glue solution is filled in gaps among the carbon fibers.
5. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with the stainless steel liner according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the carbon fiber wound pressure-bearing layer is obtained by a combined winding process of orthogonal winding and cross winding, and the specific steps are as follows:
during cross winding, the carbon fiber yarns soaked with the epoxy resin glue solution are subjected to reciprocating winding with a helix angle of 50-65 degrees in the bottle body range; when orthogonal winding is carried out, the carbon fiber filaments soaked in the epoxy resin glue solution are circularly and reciprocally wound in the range of the bottle body; and performing cross combination winding of cross winding and orthogonal winding.
6. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with the stainless steel liner according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the glass fibers are continuously infiltrated through the glue tank, the glass fiber filaments infiltrated with the epoxy resin glue solution are wound on the carbon fiber winding layer, and the epoxy resin glue solution is filled in gaps among the glass fibers and the carbon fibers.
7. The method for manufacturing the carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container with the stainless steel liner as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (5), a glass fiber protective layer with a thickness of 2-3 mm is formed by spirally and reciprocally surrounding the bottle mouths at two ends along the axial direction from one end of the bottle mouth.
8. A structure of a stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container comprises a stainless steel liner with bottle necks at two ends, and is characterized in that the structure is prepared by the manufacturing method of the stainless steel liner carbon fiber fully-wound bottle type container according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a carbon fiber winding bearing layer is arranged outside the stainless steel liner, and a glass fiber winding protective layer is arranged outside the carbon fiber winding bearing layer; the bottleneck department has cup jointed the enhancement lantern ring, the both ends of carbon fiber winding bearing layer all offset with the enhancement lantern ring.
9. The structure of the carbon fiber fully wrapped bottle type container with a stainless steel inner container as claimed in claim 8, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the reinforcing collar is provided with a screw thread.
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