CN113431195A - Building structure - Google Patents
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- CN113431195A CN113431195A CN202110865057.8A CN202110865057A CN113431195A CN 113431195 A CN113431195 A CN 113431195A CN 202110865057 A CN202110865057 A CN 202110865057A CN 113431195 A CN113431195 A CN 113431195A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
- E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
- E04B7/102—Shell structures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, and aims to provide a building structure. The adopted technical scheme is as follows: a building structure comprising a roof structure, said roof structure comprising a single layer of reticulated shell and an extension truss; the single-layer reticulated shells are provided with two groups, and the top surfaces of the two single-layer reticulated shells are both in a quarter-ellipsoid shape; the extension frame is arranged between the two single-layer reticulated shells. The invention has high integral strength and high utilization rate of the internal space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a building structure.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, there is great demand to large-span building structures such as stadiums, exhibition halls and markets. However, since the structure of the large-span steel structure itself is complicated, in the prior art, when the construction of the large-span building structure is performed, in order to ensure the overall strength of the structure, a variety of support structures are generally required to be provided, resulting in a low utilization rate of the indoor space. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a building structure having high overall strength and high space efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem at least to some extent, the present invention provides a building structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a building structure comprising a roof structure, said roof structure comprising a single layer of reticulated shell and an extension truss; the single-layer reticulated shells are provided with two groups, and the top surfaces of the two single-layer reticulated shells are both in a quarter-ellipsoid shape; the extension frame is arranged between the two single-layer reticulated shells.
Preferably, the extension frame comprises a plane crossing truss and three-dimensional arches, the plane crossing truss is vertically arranged, the three-dimensional arches are provided with two groups, the two groups of three-dimensional arches are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the plane crossing truss, and the two groups of three-dimensional arches are respectively connected with the two single-layer reticulated shells.
Preferably, the single-layer reticulated shell comprises a bottom annular pipe, a middle annular pipe and a top annular pipe which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the single-layer reticulated shell further comprises a plurality of web members which are arranged between the bottom annular pipe and the middle annular pipe and between the middle annular pipe and the top annular pipe.
Preferably, the grid form of the single-layer reticulated shell adopts a Kaiwait K6 type grid, the length of the annular rod piece of the single-layer reticulated shell is 3-3.5 m, and the length of the radial rod piece is 3.5-4.5 m.
Preferably, the surface of the single-layer net shell is paved with an aluminum veneer and/or a glass curtain wall.
Preferably, the rod members of the single-layer reticulated shell and the extension frame are all made of Q345 seamless steel tubes.
Preferably, the building structure further comprises a support and a support, the support and the support are both arranged at the bottom of the roof structure, and the support is connected with the roof structure through the support.
Furthermore, the support adopts a hinged support, and the hinged support is a universal spherical hinge support.
Further, the building structure further comprises a frame structure, the frame structure comprises a plurality of frame beams arranged around the roof structure and frame columns arranged at the bottoms of the frame beams, and the support columns are connected with the frame beams.
Furthermore, a concrete core tube is arranged in the frame structure, the frame beam is connected with the concrete core tube, and the concrete core tube is arranged at the bottom of the frame structure positioned on the plane extension frame; the inner wall of the frame structure is provided with a concrete corbel around the roof structure, and the concrete corbel is arranged at the connecting part of the frame beam and the strut.
The beneficial effects of the invention are concentrated and expressed as follows:
1) the whole intensity is big, and the utilization ratio of the inner space is high. The roof structure adopts two groups of single-layer reticulated shells and the extension frame, the single-layer reticulated shells have the advantages of reasonable stress, light dead weight, good structural rigidity and capability of spanning a larger space, in addition, the single-layer reticulated shell structure has few space rod pieces, the problem that the attractiveness of the building is influenced by various rod pieces of the roof can be avoided, the building has a light and transparent visual effect, the space utilization rate in the building structure is high, and meanwhile, the two groups of single-layer reticulated shells of the roof structure are integrated by the arrangement of the extension frame, so that the integral strength of the building structure is improved;
2) the arrangement of the three-dimensional arch truss solves the problems of weak boundary constraint and low rigidity of single-layer reticulated shells, the two three-dimensional arch trusses at the upper part and the lower part are connected together by the vertically arranged plane cross truss, so that two independent single-layer reticulated shell structures are connected into a whole, the plane cross truss and the two three-dimensional arch trusses form a side elevation curtain wall keel between the two single-layer reticulated shells, the single-layer reticulated shell structures at the upper part and the lower part can be stressed in a coordinated manner, and the improvement of the structural integrity and the deformation resistance of the roof is facilitated;
3) the grid form of the single-layer reticulated shell adopts a Kaiwaite K6 type grid, and has the advantages of low steel quantity, reasonable stress, large structural rigidity, light self weight, good structural rigidity and the like;
4) the rod pieces of the single-layer reticulated shell and the extending frame are all made of Q345 seamless steel tubes, so that the single-layer reticulated shell and the extending frame are good in comprehensive mechanical property, good in plasticity and weldability and suitable for cold regions below-40 ℃;
5) the concrete core cylinder is used for supporting the plane crossed truss and the three-dimensional arch frame; the concrete bracket is used for supporting the single-layer latticed shell, the concrete core cylinder and the concrete bracket are matched to be arranged, the integral supporting of the roof structure can be realized, and in addition, the concrete bracket can also be used for transmitting vertical and horizontal counter forces generated by the frame beam and the roof structure, so that the strength of the building structure and the roof structure is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a building structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a roof structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the roof structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a structure of a connection of a partial roof structure, a support and a pillar according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a nonlinear analysis load-displacement curve obtained from a defect analysis of a building structure.
In the figure: 1-single layer reticulated shell; 101-bottom ring pipe; 102-middle ring pipe; 103-top ring pipe; 104-web member; 2-plane cross girders; 3-a three-dimensional arch frame; 4-support; 5-a pillar; 6-frame beam; 7-frame columns; 8-a concrete core barrel; 9-concrete corbels; 10-concrete stand; 11-rock climbing wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" should be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the present embodiment provides a building structure, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprising a roof structure comprising a single-layer reticulated shell 1 and an extension truss; the single-layer reticulated shells 1 are provided with two groups, the two groups of single-layer reticulated shells 1 are divided into an upper reticulated shell and a lower reticulated shell, and the top surfaces of the two single-layer reticulated shells 1 are both in a quarter-ellipsoid shape; the extension frame is arranged between two single-layer reticulated shells 1.
It should be understood that the roof structure may also be provided as a double-layered latticework shell, a pipe truss, or the like.
The integral strength of this embodiment is big, and interior space utilization is high simultaneously. The roof structure in this embodiment adopts two sets of individual layer reticulated shell 1 and extends the frame, individual layer reticulated shell 1 has the atress reasonable, the dead weight is lighter, structural rigidity is good and can stride across the advantage in great space, 1 individual layer reticulated shell structural space member is few in addition, can avoid the roof member numerous and influence the problem of building pleasing to the eye degree, can make the building have merrily and lightheartedly, penetrating visual effect, the inside space utilization of building structure is high, the setting of frame extends simultaneously, make 1 integration of two sets of individual layer reticulated shells of roof structure, building structure's bulk strength can promote.
The roof structure is designed and analyzed through a multi-model calculation and analysis method, the stability check calculation is carried out, the stress performance of the complex intersecting node is calculated and analyzed, and in addition, the stress performance difference between the half edge elliptical sphere single-layer reticulated shell 1 structure and the complete elliptical sphere single-layer reticulated shell 1 structure is contrasted and analyzed, so that the overall stability of the roof structure is high in the application.
In this embodiment, the extension frame includes plane cross truss 2 and three-dimensional bow member 3, plane cross truss 2 is vertical to be set up, three-dimensional bow member 3 is provided with two sets ofly, and two sets of three-dimensional bow member 3 divide into upper portion three-dimensional bow member 3 and lower part three-dimensional bow member 3, and two sets of three-dimensional bow member 3 set up respectively at the top and the bottom of plane cross truss 2, and two sets of three-dimensional bow member 3 are connected with two individual layer reticulated shells 1 respectively. The three-dimensional arch 3 solves the problems of weak boundary constraint and low rigidity of the single-layer latticed shell 1. In addition, the two vertical arches 3 at the upper part and the lower part are connected together by the vertically arranged plane cross truss 2, so that the two independent single-layer latticed shell 1 structures are connected into a whole, the plane cross truss 2 and the two vertical arches 3 form a side elevation curtain wall keel between the two single-layer latticed shells 1, the single-layer latticed shell 1 structures at the upper part and the lower part can be stressed in a coordinated mode, and the improvement of the structural integrity and the deformation resistance of the roof is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the height of the extension frame is 11 meters, wherein the height of the plane cross truss 2 is 3.4m, the heights of the two three-dimensional arches 3 are 3.8m respectively, the height of each single-layer reticulated shell 1 is 8.8m, the overall height of the building structure is 31.7m, the plane is a circular plane with the size diameter of 67m, the span of the roof structure is 46.2m, and the building area in the building structure is about 6000m2And may accommodate viewer 1200. The first floor of the building structure is provided with a parking garage and a room for equipment, the first floor is a room for functions such as a movable seat area, a referee room and a training room, and the second floor and above are a room for functions such as a fixed seat area and a news office.
In this embodiment, the single-layered reticulated shell 1 includes a bottom annular pipe 101, a middle annular pipe 102, and a top annular pipe 103, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the single-layered reticulated shell 1 further includes a plurality of web members 104 arranged between the bottom annular pipe 101 and the middle annular pipe 102, and between the middle annular pipe 102 and the top annular pipe 103. It should be understood that in order to improve the stability of the single layer reticulated shell 1, a plurality of middle collars are provided in this embodiment, and the bottom collar 101 and the middle collar 102, the middle collar 102 and the top collar 103, and the plurality of middle collars 102 are connected by corresponding secondary rods.
It should be noted that different grid forms and grid sizes have a greater influence on the stress performance and economic index of the reticulated shell, in this embodiment, the grid form of the single-layer reticulated shell 1 adopts a kaiwert K6 type grid, and one ellipsoid semi-circle is a K3 fan-shaped three-way grid; through analyzing the stress performance and the economy, and combining the arrangement of a roof purline system and the building effect, the length of the annular rod piece of the single-layer reticulated shell 1 is finally determined to be 3-3.5 m, and the length of the radial rod piece is finally determined to be 3.5-4.5 m. It should be noted that the bottom ring pipe 101, the middle ring pipe 102 and the top ring pipe 103 are all formed by connecting a plurality of ring-shaped rod members, and the web members 104 are formed by splicing one or more radial rod members, in this embodiment, the web members 104 are formed by splicing one radial rod member.
It should be noted that the kaiwait spherical reticulated shell is relatively uniform and easy to divide, the types of members are relatively few, the construction is relatively simple and convenient, and the spatial structure of the kaiwait K6 type mesh further has the advantages of low steel quantity, reasonable stress, large structural rigidity, light self weight, good structural rigidity and the like.
In this embodiment, an aluminum veneer and/or a glass curtain wall is laid on the surface of the single-layer reticulated shell 1. The aluminum veneer and/or the glass curtain wall are/is used for shielding the interior of a building structure, and in addition, the curved surface of the reticulated shell can provide structural rigidity and can transmit force through the stress of a thin film in the shell surface; under the action of external load, the structures of the plane crossed truss 2 and the three-dimensional arch frame 3 mainly generate pressure, so that the members are free from bending deformation; the rise of the net shell is adjusted to be 11 meters, the rise-span ratio is 0.24, and the section of the structural rod piece is mainly controlled by strength rather than stability.
In this embodiment, the single-layer reticulated shell 1 and the rod members of the extension frame are both made of Q345 seamless steel pipes. It should be understood that Q235 steel tubing, etc. may also be used. The Q345 steel is low alloy steel, has good comprehensive mechanical property, good plasticity and weldability, and is suitable for cold areas below minus 40 ℃.
In this embodiment, the building structure further includes a support 4 and a pillar 5, as shown in fig. 5, the support 4 and the pillar 5 are both disposed at the bottom of the roof structure, and the pillar 5 is connected to the roof structure through the support 4. It will be appreciated that the support 4 is connected to the roof structure in a rigid or hinged manner for supporting the roof structure.
Specifically, the support 4 is a hinged support, and the hinged support is a universal spherical hinged support. In this embodiment, the hinge support is a universal spherical hinge support or a slidable hinge support with certain rigidity. It should be noted that, the force transmission in the node of the support 4 of the roof structure is complex, the load is large, if the support 4 is rigidly connected, the support 4 bears the bending moment, especially the bending moment is large under the participation of temperature and the horizontal load, and the bending moment is generated in the support 4. Under the action of temperature and vertical load, the supports 4 at two ends of the three-dimensional arch frame 3 bear great horizontal thrust; if the support 4 adopts a slidable hinge support or a universal spherical hinge support with certain rigidity along the radial direction and the annular direction of the roof, the horizontal counter force can be greatly reduced.
In addition, the universal spherical hinge support can be used for matching the node articulation of the computational analysis model with the actual on-site constraint condition, so that the computational result in the design process is more matched with the actual assembly result.
In this embodiment, the building structure further comprises a frame structure, it being understood that the frame structure is for supporting a roof structure, the frame structure being arranged in a loop in cooperation with the roof structure; as shown in fig. 6, the frame structure comprises a plurality of frame beams 6 arranged around the roof structure and frame columns 7 arranged at the bottom of the frame beams 6, and the pillars 5 are connected with the frame beams 6.
In order to further improve the overall strength of the building structure and increase the capability of the structure resisting horizontal force, a concrete core tube 8 is further arranged in the frame structure, the frame beam 6 is connected with the concrete core tube 8, the concrete core tube 8 is arranged at the bottom of the frame structure positioned at the plane cross truss 2 and the three-dimensional arch truss 3 in the extension frame, and the concrete core tube 8 is used for supporting the plane cross truss 2 and the three-dimensional arch truss 3; frame construction's inner wall still encircles the roof structure and is provided with concrete bracket 9, concrete bracket 9 sets up the connecting portion at frame roof beam 6 and pillar 5, concrete bracket 9 is used for supporting the individual layer net shell, the cooperation setting of concrete core section of thick bamboo 8 and concrete bracket 9, can realize the holistic support of roof structure, in addition, concrete bracket 9 still can be used to transmit vertical and horizontal counter-force that frame roof beam 6 and roof structure produced, so that building structure and roof structural connection's intensity can promote.
It should be noted that the concrete core tube 8 is cast by reinforced concrete, which is very favorable for structural stress and has excellent shock resistance, and is a mainstream structural form widely adopted by international super high-rise buildings. Meanwhile, the concrete core tube 8 has the advantages that a use space as wide as possible can be obtained, various auxiliary service spaces are concentrated towards the center of the plane, the main function space occupies the best lighting position, and the effects of good sight and convenient and fast internal traffic are achieved.
In the embodiment, the frame structure is divided into two half frame structures which are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the two single-layer reticulated shells 1, and the two half frame structures are matched with the two single-layer reticulated shells 1 and are arranged into three layers and two layers; the inner wall of the two-story half-frame structure is provided with a semi-circular concrete stand 10 for spectators to watch a game or performance.
The building structure further comprises a climbing wall 11, the climbing wall 11 is located at the bottom of the roof structure, the climbing wall 11 is connected with the frame structure, in the embodiment, the climbing wall 11 penetrates through the height space in the whole building structure, and the climbing wall 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the three-layer half-frame structure.
The overall structure was analyzed based on the Midas software. The lower concrete structure monomer model can be used for calculating indexes of the lower concrete structure, the section of the member and reinforcing bars; the steel roof single model is mainly used for calculating the internal force, the section, the deformation and the integral stability of the structure of the steel roof rod piece; the assembled integral model can be used for analyzing the interaction and structural indexes of the upper and lower structures, checking the internal force, deformation and stability of the reticulated shell of the steel roof rod piece, and considering the counterforce of the support 4 under the influence of the elastic constraint of the lower concrete so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the structure.
Under the action of constant and live load, the maximum vertical displacement of each point of the structure is 70mm, and the bending span ratio 1/660 is less than 1/400 of the standard limit span, so that the standard requirement is met. Performing stability analysis according to full-span uniform load, taking an initial defect distribution mode into consideration, taking a structure lowest-order mode as the initial defect distribution mode, namely performing defect analysis by adopting a consistent mode method, wherein the maximum value of the defect is obtained according to 1/300 values of the short span of the reticulated shell; geometric and material non-linearities are considered; meanwhile, the post-buckling problem is solved by adopting a displacement method, and the standard of convergence is that both displacement increment and unbalanced force are required to be smaller than a given precision range; the results of linear buckling analysis by adopting ANSYS and Midas software show that when the initial defects are not considered in the structure of the single-layer reticulated shell 1, the characteristic value stability coefficient is 11.8. The overall stability of the structure is analyzed in the whole process, the influence of initial defects and geometric nonlinearity is considered, a nonlinear analysis load-displacement curve is shown in figure 7, the safety coefficient of the geometric nonlinearity in the whole process is 4.8, and the requirement of the specification is met. Considering the influence of initial defects, material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity, enabling the material to enter plasticity, wherein the safety coefficient of the whole elastoplasticity process is 2.28; the vertical displacement of steel roof this moment is 180mm, shows that latticed shell structure rigidity and wholeness all are in good condition outside the plane, can not appear the stability problem.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, which are intended to be interpreted only in accordance with the purpose of the specification.
Claims (10)
1. A building structure characterized by: the roof structure comprises a single-layer latticed shell (1) and an extension frame; the single-layer reticulated shells (1) are provided with two groups, and the top surfaces of the two single-layer reticulated shells (1) are both arranged in a quarter-ellipsoid shape; the extension frame is arranged between the two single-layer reticulated shells (1).
2. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the extension frame comprises plane cross trusses (2) and three-dimensional arch frames (3), wherein the plane cross trusses (2) are vertically arranged, the three-dimensional arch frames (3) are provided with two groups, the two groups of three-dimensional arch frames (3) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the plane cross trusses (2), and the two groups of three-dimensional arch frames (3) are respectively connected with two single-layer reticulated shells (1).
3. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the single-layer reticulated shell (1) comprises a bottom annular pipe (101), a middle annular pipe (102) and a top annular pipe (103) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the single-layer reticulated shell (1) further comprises a plurality of web members (104) which are arranged between the bottom annular pipe (101) and the middle annular pipe (102) and between the middle annular pipe (102) and the top annular pipe (103).
4. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the grid form of the single-layer reticulated shell (1) adopts a Kaiwait K6 type grid, the length of the annular rod piece of the single-layer reticulated shell (1) is 3-3.5 m, and the length of the radial rod piece is 3.5-4.5 m.
5. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: and an aluminum veneer and/or a glass curtain wall are/is laid on the surface of the single-layer reticulated shell (1).
6. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the single-layer reticulated shell (1) and the rod pieces of the extension frame are all made of Q345 seamless steel tubes.
7. A building structure according to claim 1, wherein: the building structure further comprises a support (4) and a strut (5), wherein the support (4) and the strut (5) are both arranged at the bottom of the roof structure, and the strut (5) is connected with the roof structure through the support (4).
8. A building structure according to claim 7, wherein: the support (4) adopts a hinged support which is a universal spherical hinged support.
9. A building structure according to claim 7, wherein: the building structure further comprises a frame structure, the frame structure comprises a plurality of frame beams (6) arranged around the roof structure and frame columns (7) arranged at the bottoms of the frame beams (6), and the pillars (5) are connected with the frame beams (6).
10. A building structure according to claim 9, wherein: a concrete core tube (8) is further arranged in the frame structure, the frame beam (6) is connected with the concrete core tube (8), and the concrete core tube (8) is arranged at the bottom of the frame structure, which is positioned on the extension frame; the inner wall of the frame structure is provided with a concrete bracket (9) around the roof structure, and the concrete bracket (9) is arranged at the connecting part of the frame beam (6) and the strut (5).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113882574A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-04 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Construction method of hyperbolic box type large-curvature roof latticed shell structure |
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